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Function that derives secret keys from a secret value
cryptography, a key derivation function (KDF) is a cryptographic algorithm that derives one or more secret keys from a secret value such as a master key, a password
Key_derivation_function
Key derivation function based on an HMAC
HKDF is a multi-purpose key derivation function (KDF) based on the HMAC message authentication code. HKDF follows "extract-then-expand" paradigm, where
HKDF
Key derivation function
cryptography, PBKDF1 and PBKDF2 (Password-Based Key Derivation Function 1 and 2) are key derivation functions with a sliding computational cost, used to reduce
PBKDF2
Security profile for Real-time Transport Protocol
necessary session keys are generated by applying the key derivation function. Periodic application of the key derivation function prevents an attacker
Secure Real-time Transport Protocol
Secure_Real-time_Transport_Protocol
2009 password-based key derivation function
cryptography, scrypt (pronounced "ess crypt") is a password-based key derivation function created by Colin Percival in March 2009, originally for the Tarsnap
Scrypt
Password cracking dataset
common defense against this attack is to compute the hashes using a key derivation function that adds a "salt" to each password before hashing it, with different
Rainbow_table
Method to set encryption keys
key from a shared secret, the key derivation function is typically used. Such systems almost always use symmetric key cryptographic algorithms. The term
Pre-shared_key
Block cipher
initialized with a key. It is good practice to have this key hashed with a hash function before use. In one application Blowfish's slow key changing is actually
Blowfish_(cipher)
Cryptographic key management algorithm
based on the Diffie–Hellman key exchange (DH) and a ratchet based on a key derivation function (KDF), such as a hash function, and is therefore called a
Double_Ratchet_Algorithm
Random data used as an additional input to a hash function
and the password (or its version after key stretching) are concatenated and fed to a cryptographic hash function, and the output hash value is then stored
Salt_(cryptography)
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
are not limited to: cryptographic keys, cryptographic hash function, asymmetric (public key) encryption, Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA), End-to-End
Cryptography
Computer communications authentication algorithm
of a message. An HMAC is a type of keyed hash function that can also be used in a key derivation scheme or a key stretching scheme. HMAC can provide
HMAC
Password-based key derivation function
password-based key derivation functions - where the output is then used for the purpose of password hashing rather than just key derivation. Password hashing
Bcrypt
System that regulates the formation of blocks on a blockchain
hash function from SHA-256 to Scrypt. Developed by Colin Percival and detailed in the technical specification "The scrypt Password-Based Key Derivation Function
Proof_of_work
Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data
specific user. Bitcoin mining Cryptographic key length Distributed.net Hail Mary Cloud Key derivation function MD5CRK Metasploit Express Side-channel attack
Brute-force_attack
Substitution cipher
as it lacks any sort of key. If multiple collating orders are available, which one was used in encryption can be used as a key, but this does not provide
Atbash
Cryptographic key management scheme
a distinct key, but all of the initialization keys of an entire family of devices are derived from a single key, the base derivation key (BDK). To decrypt
Derived unique key per transaction
Derived_unique_key_per_transaction
Hash function that is suitable for use in cryptography
set. Because cryptographic hash functions are typically designed to be computed quickly, special key derivation functions that require greater computing
Cryptographic_hash_function
2015 password-based key derivation function
Argon2 is a key derivation function that was selected as the winner of the 2015 Password Hashing Competition. It was designed by Alex Biryukov, Daniel
Argon2
Algorithm
of the functions for each round can greatly reduce the chances of a successful attack.[citation needed] It is also possible to increase the key length
Symmetric-key_algorithm
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
KeyExpansion – round keys are derived from the cipher key using the AES key schedule. AES requires a separate 128-bit round key block for each round,
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
Cryptographic hash function
a key derivation function NANO, a cryptocurrency, uses BLAKE2b in the proof of work, for hashing digital signatures and as a key derivation function Polkadot
BLAKE_(hash_function)
Information used for message authentication and integrity checking
based on DES. FIPS PUB 198-1 The Keyed-Hash Message Authentication Code (HMAC) NIST SP800-185 SHA-3 Derived Functions: cSHAKE, KMAC, TupleHash, and ParallelHash
Message_authentication_code
Techniques to protect against brute-force attack
the key derivation system to go unaltered and should choose an appropriate number of hashes for the lifespan of the system). CPU-bound hash functions are
Key_stretching
Hybrid encryption in cryptography
g^{y}} . Alice then computes a symmetric key k {\displaystyle k} using this information and a key derivation function (KDF) as follows: k = KDF ( g x y ) {\displaystyle
Integrated_Encryption_Scheme
Cryptography construction
\mathrm {F} } be the round function and let K 0 , K 1 , … , K n {\displaystyle K_{0},K_{1},\ldots ,K_{n}} be the sub-keys for the rounds 0 , 1 , … , n
Feistel_cipher
Attack model against cryptographic hash functions
is rated secure against preimage attacks. Special hashes called key derivation functions have been created to slow searches. See Password cracking. For
Preimage_attack
Cryptographic attack
correlations between key and encryption time. Some versions of Unix use a relatively expensive implementation of the crypt library function for hashing an 8-character
Timing_attack
Password-based key derivation function
is a cryptographic key derivation function used for password hashing on Fedora Linux, Debian, Ubuntu, and Arch Linux. The function is more resistant to
Yescrypt
Type of cryptographic attack
resistance of the function to birthday attacks (exploiting uneven key distribution). However, determining the balance of a hash function will typically require
Birthday_attack
Used for encoding or decoding ciphertext
deterministic algorithm called a key derivation function (KDF) uses a password to generate the secure cryptographic keying material to compensate for the
Key_(cryptography)
Attack against cryptographical hash functions
vulnerable to another attack based on a hash collision. The vulnerable hashing functions work by taking the input message, and using it to transform an internal
Length_extension_attack
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
carefully chosen to never be used more than once for a given key. This is because CCM is a derivation of counter (CTR) mode and the latter is effectively a stream
CCM_mode
Cryptographic hash function
parallelizable tree hashing, a stream cipher, personalization, and a key derivation function. In October 2010, an attack that combines rotational cryptanalysis
Skein_(hash_function)
Free and open-source disk encryption utility
is used to control the number of iterations used by the header key derivation function, thereby making brute-force attacks potentially even more difficult
VeraCrypt
German cipher machine during World War II
between the keys and the lights with each keypress. In essence, the rotor's motion means every letter is encrypted with a different cryptographic key, making
Enigma_machine
Set of cryptographic hash functions
mobile networks, HMAC-SHA-256 is utilized as a key derivation function (KDF) to generate cryptographic keys essential for securing communications. This process
SHA-2
Simple and widely known encryption technique
communications security. Wikifunctions has a Latin alphabet Caesar cipher function. The transformation can be represented by aligning two alphabets; the cipher
Caesar_cipher
Message authentication code algorithm
15 December 2018 – via GitHub. "Ruby C extension for the AES-CMAC keyed hash function (RFC 4493): louismullie/cmac-rb". 4 May 2016 – via GitHub. RFC 4493
One-key_MAC
Cryptographic secret, not public in contrast to salt
a Password-Based Key Derivation Function (PBKDF) with an approved Pseudorandom Function such as HMAC with SHA-3 as the hash function of the HMAC. The
Pepper_(cryptography)
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
cryptography, Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) is a mode of operation for symmetric-key cryptographic block ciphers. The proposal was first published in 2007. The
Galois/Counter_Mode
Algorithm for encrypting and decrypting information
numbers. Codes typically have direct meaning from input to key. Codes primarily function to save time. Ciphers are algorithmic. The given input must
Cipher
Key agreement protocol
protocols based on ECDH derive a symmetric key from x k {\displaystyle x_{k}} using some hash-based key derivation function. The shared secret calculated
Elliptic-curve_Diffie–Hellman
Disk encryption software
featuring resilience to header corruption, and using the Argon2 key derivation function by default, whereas LUKS1 uses PBKDF2. Conversion between both
Linux_Unified_Key_Setup
Type of symmetric key cipher
A stream cipher is a symmetric key cipher where plaintext digits are combined with a pseudorandom cipher digit stream (keystream). In a stream cipher
Stream_cipher
Stream cipher
complex three-phase key schedule (taking about three times as long as RC4, or the same as RC4-drop512), and a more complex output function which performs four
RC4
System that can issue, distribute and verify digital certificates
A public key infrastructure (PKI) is a set of roles, policies, hardware, software and procedures used to create, manage, distribute, use, store and revoke
Public_key_infrastructure
Cryptography algorithm
It derives a hash of the additional authenticated data and plaintext using the POLYVAL Galois hash function. The hash is then encrypted an AES-key, and
Block cipher mode of operation
Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
Type of data structure
use many more child nodes under each node. Usually, a cryptographic hash function such as SHA-2 is used for the hashing. If the hash tree only needs to protect
Merkle_tree
Method of exchanging cryptographic keys
Diffie–Hellman (DH) key exchange is a mathematical method of securely generating a symmetric cryptographic key over a public channel and was one of the
Diffie–Hellman_key_exchange
Encryption technique
ability to read the VENONA messages was spotty, being a function of the underlying code, key changes, and the lack of volume. Of the message traffic from
One-time_pad
Simple encryption method
are 26 letters in the basic Latin alphabet and 26 = 2 × 13, the ROT13 function is its own inverse: ROT 13 ( ROT 13 ( x ) ) = x {\displaystyle
ROT13
Function computed by two parties that emulates a random oracle
An oblivious pseudorandom function (OPRF) is a cryptographic function, similar to a keyed-hash function, but with the distinction that in an OPRF two
Oblivious pseudorandom function
Oblivious_pseudorandom_function
Public-key cryptosystem
at random and use that to derive a secret key using a key derivation function H {\displaystyle H} , roughly as follows: Key generation: As above. Encapsulation
Key_encapsulation_mechanism
Type of substitution cipher
exchanges letters for symbols which are fragments of a grid. The example key shows one way the letters can be assigned to the grid. The Pigpen cipher
Pigpen_cipher
Message-digest hashing algorithm
Wikifunctions has a function related to this topic. The MD5 message-digest algorithm is a widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value. MD5
MD5
Family of authenticated ciphers
χ function of Keccak; permutation layer functions are similar to the Σ {\displaystyle \Sigma } of SHA-2. The ciphers are parameterizable by the key length
Ascon_(cipher)
Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext
Disk encryption Encrypted function Enigma machine Export of cryptography Geo-blocking Indistinguishability obfuscation Key management List of cryptography
Encryption
Mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity of digital documents
e d ≡ 1 (mod φ(N)), where φ is Euler's totient function. The signer's public key consists of N and e, and the signer's secret key contains d. Used directly, this type
Digital_signature
Cryptographic hash function
Wikifunctions has an SHA-1 function. In cryptography, SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) is a hash function which takes an input and produces a 160-bit (20-byte)
SHA-1
Early block substitution cipher
very little security. The Playfair cipher uses a 5 × 5 table containing a key word or phrase. Memorization of the keyword and 4 simple rules was all that
Playfair_cipher
Cryptographic hash function
identical to the encryption itself, except the AddRoundKey function is replaced by an AddRoundConstant function that adds a predetermined constant in each round
Whirlpool_(hash_function)
Type of functions designed for being unsolvable by root-finding algorithms
(CRNG). Most cryptographic applications require random numbers, for example: key generation initialization vectors nonces salts in certain signature schemes
Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator
Cryptographically_secure_pseudorandom_number_generator
Cryptographic primitive
In cryptography, a one-way compression function is a function that transforms two fixed-length inputs into a fixed-length output. The transformation is
One-way_compression_function
Publicly known attacks against cryptographic hash functions
possible with high-end graphics processors. Special hashes called key derivation functions have been created to slow brute force searches. These include pbkdf2
Hash function security summary
Hash_function_security_summary
Method of building collision-resistant cryptographic hash functions
Merkle–Damgård hash function is a method of building collision-resistant cryptographic hash functions from collision-resistant one-way compression functions. This construction
Merkle–Damgård_construction
Number of standards related to cryptography
in 224, 256, 384, and 512-bit variants HMAC keyed hash PBKDF2 Key derivation function (RFC 2898) Digital Signature Standard (DSS), based on the Digital
Cryptography_standards
Stream ciphers
core function maps a 256-bit key, a 64-bit nonce, and a 64-bit counter to a 512-bit block of the key stream (a Salsa version with a 128-bit key also exists)
Salsa20
Authenticated encryption with associated data algorithm
tag size). In the ChaCha20-Poly1305 construction, ChaCha20 is used to derive a key stream that is XORed with the plaintext. The ciphertext and the associated
ChaCha20-Poly1305
Basic component of symmetric key algorithms
symmetric key algorithms which performs substitution. In block ciphers, they are typically used to obscure the relationship between the key and the ciphertext
S-box
Type of cryptographic attack
other. For example, each encryption key can be generated from the underlying key material using a key derivation function. For example, a replacement for
Related-key_attack
Project by NIST to standardize post-quantum cryptography
quantum resistant, efforts have focused on public-key cryptography, namely digital signatures and key encapsulation mechanisms. In December 2016 NIST initiated
NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization
NIST_Post-Quantum_Cryptography_Standardization
Cipher machines used by the German Army during World War II
this function are: Not equal (NEQ), modulo 2 addition (without 'carry') and modulo 2 subtraction (without 'borrow'). Vernam's cipher is a symmetric-key algorithm
Lorenz_cipher
Method of encryption
using a key, scrambling the order of characters like the shuffled pieces of a jigsaw puzzle. The resulting message is hard to decipher without the key because
Transposition_cipher
Digital signature scheme
Typically a Schnorr group is used. All users agree on a cryptographic hash function H : { 0 , 1 } ∗ → Z / q Z {\displaystyle H:\{0,1\}^{*}\rightarrow \mathbb
Schnorr_signature
Cryptographic primitives that involve lattices
Lattice Based Hash Function (LASH). Selected schemes for the purpose of key exchange, also called key establishment, key encapsulation and key encapsulation
Lattice-based_cryptography
Encrypted information
symmetric-key system, Bob knows Alice's encryption key. Once the message is encrypted, Alice can safely transmit it to Bob (assuming no one else knows the key)
Ciphertext
Set of cryptographic hash functions
string to define a variant of the function. When no customization is desired, S is set to the empty string. K is a key bit string of any length, including
SHA-3
Short sequence of bytes used to authenticate or look up a longer public key
cryptographic hash function to a public key. Since fingerprints are shorter than the keys they refer to, they can be used to simplify certain key management tasks
Public_key_fingerprint
Cryptographic signature scheme
cryptographic hash function and some kind of secure random number generator. She wants to create and use a Lamport key pair, that is, a private key and a corresponding
Lamport_signature
Tool to change passwords on Unix-like OSes
user's password. The password entered by the user is run through a key derivation function to create a hashed version of the new password, which is saved
Passwd
Study of analyzing information systems in order to discover their hidden aspects
opportunity to make use of knowledge gained from the public key. Birthday attack Hash function security summary Rainbow table Length extension attack Black-bag
Cryptanalysis
Collection of efficiently-computable functions which emulate a random oracle
the adversary can change the key-distribution depending on the values the hashing function has assigned to the previous keys, the adversary can not force
Pseudorandom_function_family
Archive file format for cryptography objects
cryptography objects as a single file. It is commonly used to bundle a private key with its X.509 certificate or to bundle all the members of a chain of trust
PKCS_12
Authenticated encryption mode with resistance against nonce reuse
integrity even if nonces are repeated. To accomplish this, encryption is a function of a nonce, the plaintext message, and optional additional associated data
AES-GCM-SIV
Type of cipher
function, with each iteration referred to as a round. Usually, the round function R takes different round keys Ki as a second input, which is derived
Block_cipher
Hash function phenomenon
table share the same hash value. The hash value in this case is derived from a hash function which takes a data input and returns a fixed length of bits.
Hash_collision
Memory-hard key derivation function
Balloon hashing is a key derivation function presenting proven memory-hard password-hashing and modern design. It was created by Dan Boneh, Henry Corrigan-Gibbs
Balloon_hashing
Block cipher
basic round function and operate on a 64-bit block. One of the earliest designs is now termed FEAL-4, which has four rounds and a 64-bit key. Problems were
FEAL
Algorithm for public-key cryptography
shared-secret-key created from exponentiation of some number, modulo a prime number. However, they left open the problem of realizing a one-way function, possibly
RSA_cryptosystem
checksum. Hash function security summary Secure Hash Algorithms NIST hash function competition Key derivation functions (category) "Hash functions". www.azillionmonkeys
List_of_hash_functions
encryption key (DEK) used to encrypt the underlying data. Derived key - keys computed by applying a predetermined hash algorithm or key derivation function to
Glossary of cryptographic keys
Glossary_of_cryptographic_keys
Security protocol for wireless computer networks
If ASCII characters are used, the 256-bit key is calculated by applying the PBKDF2 key derivation function to the passphrase, using the SSID as the salt
Wi-Fi_Protected_Access
Property of some cryptosystems
a key generation function, E {\displaystyle {\mathcal {E}}} be an encryption function, and D {\displaystyle {\mathcal {D}}} be a decryption function. Let
Ciphertext indistinguishability
Ciphertext_indistinguishability
Simple type of polyalphabetic encryption system
Archived 2016-10-05 at the Wayback Machine including an explanation and derivation of the Friedman Test Videos Encrypting a secret text with the Vigenère
Vigenère_cipher
Hash functions
pseudorandom function and can also be used as a secure message authentication code (MAC). SipHash, however, is not a general purpose key-less hash function such
SipHash
Cryptographic algorithm for digital signatures
in a distinct recovered key. Calculate e = HASH ( m ) {\displaystyle e={\textrm {HASH}}(m)} , where HASH is the same function used in the signature generation
Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm
Elliptic_Curve_Digital_Signature_Algorithm
Block cipher
Threefish is a symmetric-key tweakable block cipher designed as part of the Skein hash function, an entry in the NIST hash function competition. Threefish
Threefish
Any attack based on information gained from the implementation of a computer system
is able to recover the secret key depending on the accesses made (or not made) by the victim, deducing the encryption key. Also, unlike some of the other
Side-channel_attack
Puzzle
puzzle makers will start the solver off with a few letters. A printed code key form (the alphabet with a blank under each letter to fill in the substituted
Cryptogram
KEY DERIVATION-FUNCTION
KEY DERIVATION-FUNCTION
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Key; Opener
Surname or Lastname
English (Suffolk) of uncertain derivation;
English (Suffolk) of uncertain derivation; : of uncertain derivation; perhaps from a reduced form of the personal name Dominicus (see Dominick).English (Suffolk) of uncertain derivation; : alternatively, as Reaney proposes, it may be from the Breton personal name Menguy, a compound of men ‘stone’ + ki ‘dog’.
Girl/Female
American, British, Chinese, Dutch, English, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Latin, Scandinavian
Rejoiced; Short Form of Katherine and Other Names Beginning with K; Happy; Pure; Clear; Form of Katherine; Virginal; Keeper of the Keys; Elder Sister
Male
English
Short form of English Kenneth, KEN means both "born of fire" and "comely; finely made." Also used as a nickname for other names that begin with Ken-. Compare with another form of Ken.
Male
Japanese
(1-æµ, 2-ä½³, 3-敬, 4-åœ, 5-æ…§) Japanese name KEI means 1) "blessed, lucky," 2) "excellent," 3) "respect," 4) "square jewel," or 5) "wise."
Male
Japanese
(1-å¥, 2-謙, 3-ç ”) Japanese name KEN means 1) "healthy, strong" or 2) "modest," or 3) "study." Compare with another form of Ken.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : nickname from Middle English ca ‘jackdaw’, from an unattested Old Norse ká. See also Daw.English : nickname from Middle English cai, kay, kei ‘left-handed’, ‘clumsy’.English : metonymic occupational name for a locksmith, from Middle English keye, kaye ‘key’. Compare Care, Kear.English : topographic name for someone living on or near a quay, Middle English kay(e), Old French cay.English : from a Middle English personal name which figures in Arthurian legend. It is found in Old Welsh as Cai, Middle Welsh Kei, and is ultimately from the Latin personal name Gaius.Scottish and Irish : reduced form of McKay.French : variant of Quay, cognate with 2.Much shortened form of any of various names, mostly Eastern European, beginning with the letter K-.Variant of Danish and Frisian Kai.
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit, Tamil
Key; Love
Boy/Male
Muslim
Key
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained; possibly a respelling of Kay 6, a shortened form of Scottish and Irish McKay.Korean : There is only one Chinese character and one clan for the Kye family name. According to the Kye family genealogy, the clan was founded by a Ming Dynasty government official named Kye SÅk-son who migrated to KoryÅ and settled in today’s Suan County of Hwanghae Province. The majority of bearers of the Kye family name today live in North Korea.
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Key
Boy/Male
Arabic
Key; Opener
Male
Turkish
Turkish name GÖKER means "man of the sky."
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : variant of Kay.
Boy/Male
Indian
Key
Boy/Male
Bengali, English, Indian, Sindhi
Key
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : variant of Kay.Irish : reduced form of McKay.
Male
Greek
(Κήυξ) Greek name, possibly KEYX means "kingfisher." In mythology, this is the name of a king of Thessaly, the son of Eosphoros.
Boy/Male
Gaelic
Son of Aidan.
Boy/Male
Christian, Gaelic, Indian
The One who Opens the Lock
KEY DERIVATION-FUNCTION
KEY DERIVATION-FUNCTION
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Garuda; King of Birds
Girl/Female
Native American
First to dance.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Water; Life; Respective
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Born from Fire; Goddess Lakshmi
Boy/Male
English American
Lime tree hill. Lives by the linden tree. Both a surname and place name. Famous Bearer: past...
Female
German
 Diminutive form of Old High German Adalheid, ELKE means "noble sort." Compare with another form of Elke.
Girl/Female
English American
A feminine form of Gerald, meaning ruling spear. Famous bearer: The Earl of Surrey wrote a...
Boy/Male
Muslim
Lion
Boy/Male
American, German
Coal Town
Girl/Female
French
Feminine of Charles meaning manly.
KEY DERIVATION-FUNCTION
KEY DERIVATION-FUNCTION
KEY DERIVATION-FUNCTION
KEY DERIVATION-FUNCTION
KEY DERIVATION-FUNCTION
n.
An instrument which is turned like a key in fastening or adjusting any mechanism; as, a watch key; a bed key, etc.
n.
An agent which is adapted to produce a derivation (in the medical sense).
a.
Relating to derivation.
a.
Obtained by derivation; derived; not radical, original, or fundamental; originating, deduced, or formed from something else; secondary; as, a derivative conveyance; a derivative word.
a.
Cold as a metallic key; lifeless.
v. t.
To fasten or secure firmly; to fasten or tighten with keys or wedges.
n.
Derivation.
n.
A family of tones whose regular members are called diatonic tones, and named key tone (or tonic) or one (or eight), mediant or three, dominant or five, subdominant or four, submediant or six, supertonic or two, and subtonic or seven. Chromatic tones are temporary members of a key, under such names as " sharp four," "flat seven," etc. Scales and tunes of every variety are made from the tones of a key.
n.
A position or condition which affords entrance, control, pr possession, etc.; as, the key of a line of defense; the key of a country; the key of a political situation. Hence, that which serves to unlock, open, discover, or solve something unknown or difficult; as, the key to a riddle; the key to a problem.
n.
The act of depriving, or taking away; hence, the depriving of rank or office; degradation in rank; deprivation.
n.
The act of tracing origin or descent, as in grammar or genealogy; as, the derivation of a word from an Aryan root.
n.
That which is derived; a derivative; a deduction.
n.
The operation of deducing one function from another according to some fixed law, called the law of derivation, as the of differentiation or of integration.
n.
A key for opening more locks than one; a master key.
n.
See Key way, under Key.
n.
That part of an instrument or machine which serves as the means of operating it; as, a telegraph key; the keys of a pianoforte, or of a typewriter.
n.
A devoting or setting aside for any particular purpose; as, a dedication of lands to public use.
n.
An indehiscent, one-seeded fruit furnished with a wing, as the fruit of the ash and maple; a samara; -- called also key fruit.
n.
The state of being deprived; privation; loss; want; bereavement.
n.
The act of setting apart or consecrating to a divine Being, or to a sacred use, often with religious solemnities; solemn appropriation; as, the dedication of Solomon's temple.