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Cryptographic hash extension
Extendable-output function (XOF) is a type of cryptographic hash function that allows its output to be arbitrarily long, allowing it to be used as a cryptographically
Extendable-output_function
Family of authenticated ciphers
authenticated ciphers; Ascon-Hash cryptographic hash; Ascon-Xof extendable-output function; Ascon-80pq cipher with an "increased" 160-bit key. The main components
Ascon_(cipher)
Cryptographic tool
fixed size, a MGF supports output of a variable length. In this respect, a MGF can be viewed as a extendable-output function (XOF): it can accept input
Mask_generation_function
Cryptographic hash function
arbitrary, variable-length outputs, so it can be considered an extendable-output function (XOF).[citation needed] Skein was created by Bruce Schneier, Niels
Skein_(hash_function)
Cryptographic hash function
parallel) and BLAKE2sp (8-way parallel). BLAKE2X is a family of extendable-output functions (XOFs). Whereas BLAKE2 is limited to 64-byte digests, BLAKE2X
BLAKE_(hash_function)
Set of cryptographic hash functions
a draft FIPS 202 "SHA-3 Standard: Permutation-Based Hash and Extendable-Output Functions". FIPS 202 was approved on August 5, 2015. On August 5, 2015
SHA-3
Cryptographic hash primitive
pseudo-random numbers; this kind of hash construction is now known as an "extendable-output function" (XOF). The algorithm's designers, in the original RadioGatún
RadioGatún
Tables comparing general and technical information for common hashes
function itself does not access this stack. A smaller stack can also be used if the maximum input length is restricted. RadioGatún is an extendable-output
Comparison of cryptographic hash functions
Comparison_of_cryptographic_hash_functions
Computer communications authentication algorithm
(4 August 2015). "SHA-3 Standard: Permutation-Based Hash and Extendable-Output Functions". Federal Information Processing Standards – via NIST Publications
HMAC
Association of one output to each input
mathematics, a function from a set X to a set Y assigns to each element of X exactly one element of Y. The set X is called the domain of the function and the
Function_(mathematics)
checksum. Hash function security summary Secure Hash Algorithms NIST hash function competition Key derivation functions (category) "Hash functions". www.azillionmonkeys
List_of_hash_functions
Cryptography primitive
cryptographic primitive which can be used both as a hash function and a stream cipher, but its hash function mode of operation has been broken and is not suitable
Panama_(cryptography)
Point to which functions converge in analysis
domain of the function. Formal definitions, first devised in the early 19th century, are given below. Informally, a function f assigns an output f(x) to every
Limit_of_a_function
Measure of cryptographic strength
J. (August 2015). SHA-3 Standard: Permutation-Based Hash and Extendable-Output Functions (PDF) (Report). NIST. p. 23. doi:10.6028/nist.fips.202. Barker
Security_level
Digital logic gate type
inputs to the AND gate are not HIGH, a LOW (0) is outputted. The function can be extended to any number of inputs by multiple gates up in a chain. There
AND_gate
Mathematical function with multiple real-number arguments
This concept extends the idea of a function of a real variable to several variables. The "input" variables take real values, while the "output", also called
Function of several real variables
Function_of_several_real_variables
that economic output is a function of money or price "surprise". The model accounts for the empirically based trade off between output and prices represented
Lucas aggregate supply function
Lucas_aggregate_supply_function
Artificial neural network node function
In artificial neural networks, the activation function of a node is a function that calculates the output of the node based on its individual inputs and
Activation_function
Collection of efficiently-computable functions which emulate a random oracle
a function chosen randomly from the PRF family and a random oracle (a function whose outputs are fixed completely at random). Pseudorandom functions are
Pseudorandom_function_family
Concept in theoretical computer science
{\displaystyle n} and output the maximum score attainable by a Turing machine of that number of states by some measure. The score function Σ(n) gives the maximum
Busy_beaver
Mapping arbitrary data to fixed-size values
are some hash functions that support variable-length output. The values returned by a hash function are called hash values, hash codes, (hash/message) digests
Hash_function
C function to format and output text
standard library function and is also a Linux terminal (shell) command that formats text and writes it to standard output. The function accepts a format
Printf
Quantitative economic model
In economics, an input–output model is a quantitative economic model that represents the interdependencies between different sectors of a national economy
Input–output_model
Point where function's value is zero
f(x)=0} . A "zero" of a function is thus an input value that produces an output of 0. A nonvanishing (or non-vanishing) function is never equal to zero
Zero_of_a_function
Set of rules defining correctly structured programs
log() function present in most browsers for standard text output. The JavaScript standard library lacks an official standard text output function (with
JavaScript_syntax
User-controllable digital signal pin on an integrated circuit
higher-level functions are sometimes implemented, such as input debounce, input signal edge detection, and pulse-width modulation (PWM) output. Network router
General-purpose_input/output
Input/output functionality in the C programming language
programming language provides many standard library functions for file input and output. These functions make up the bulk of the C standard library header
C_file_input/output
Function in logic
truth function is a function that accepts truth values as input and produces a unique truth value as output. In other words: the input and output of a
Truth_function
Belgian cryptographer
"Publication Citation: SHA-3 Standard: Permutation-Based Hash and Extendable-Output Functions". NIST. 2015-08-04. Retrieved 2015-08-24. "Book: Quantum Cryptography
Gilles_Van_Assche
Generalized function whose value is zero everywhere except at zero
Dirac delta function (or δ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\delta }}} distribution), also known as the unit impulse, is a generalized function on the real
Dirac_delta_function
Password cracking dataset
A rainbow table is a precomputed table for caching the outputs of a cryptographic hash function, usually for cracking password hashes. Passwords are typically
Rainbow_table
Special type of Boolean function
between the output of the function and a linear function is minimal. In addition, the derivatives of a bent function are balanced Boolean functions, so for
Bent_function
Function returning one of only two values
Boolean derivative of the function to one of the arguments is a (k−1)-ary function that is true when the output of the function is sensitive to the chosen
Boolean_function
Connected input and output streams for computer programs
preconnected input and output communication channels between a computer program and its environment when it begins execution. The three input/output (I/O) connections
Standard_streams
Inputs at which function values are highest
which a function output value is maximized and minimized, respectively. While the arguments are defined over the domain of a function, the output is part
Arg_max
Instantaneous rate of change (mathematics)
quantifies the sensitivity to change of a function's output with respect to its input. The derivative of a function of a single variable at a chosen input
Derivative
Specific figure of merit in electronics
(TOI) is a property of the device transfer function O (see diagram). This transfer function relates the output signal voltage level to the input signal
Third-order_intercept_point
a Perl foreign function interface through which a program can call a C or C++ subroutine. XS or xsub is an abbreviation of "eXtendable Subroutine". XS
XS_(Perl)
JavaScript syntax extension
and the transpiled output from Babel. The /*#__PURE__*/ comment added by Babel indicates that the tagged call is to a pure function, which is relevant
JSX_(programming)
C header file
input/output. It is not part of the C standard library or ISO C, nor is it defined by POSIX. This header declares several useful library functions for performing
Conio.h
Traditional first example of a computer programming language
the declaration of an entry point (main function), and a call to print a line of text to the standard output stream. The phrase "Hello, world" has seen
Hello,_world
Mathematical transform that expresses a function of time as a function of frequency
takes a function as input and outputs another function that describes the extent to which various frequencies are present in the original function. The output
Fourier_transform
Mathematical function, denoted exp(x) or e^x
In mathematics, the exponential function is the unique real function which maps zero to one and has a derivative everywhere equal to its value. It is denoted
Exponential_function
Digital logic gate
NXOR, XAND and pronounced as exclusive NOR) is a digital logic gate whose function is the logical complement of the exclusive OR (XOR) gate. It is equivalent
XNOR_gate
Cryptographic primitive
cryptography, a one-way compression function is a function that transforms two fixed-length inputs into a fixed-length output. The transformation is "one-way"
One-way_compression_function
C++ input/output functionality in the standard library
input/output library refers to a family of class templates and supporting functions in the C++ Standard Library that implement stream-based input/output capabilities
C++_input/output_library
Quickly growing function
nesting depth: 2 ... # ... LOOP n: # nesting depth: k n += 1 # # OUTPUT (n) The function Ak(n) can also be computed by a LOOP-k program. (The program (schema)
Ackermann_function
Attack model against cryptographic hash functions
for a typical output size of n = 128 bits. If such complexity is the best that can be achieved by an adversary, then the hash function is considered preimage-resistant
Preimage_attack
Type of activation function
linear unit) activation function is an activation function defined as the non-negative part of its argument, i.e., the ramp function: ReLU(x)=x+=max(0,x)=x+|x|2={xif x>0
Rectified_linear_unit
Distinctive element in a subset of digital currency models
In cryptocurrencies, an unspent transaction output (UTXO, often capitalized as UTxO) is a distinctive element in a subset of digital currency models. A
Unspent_transaction_output
Functions such that f(–x) equals f(x) or –f(x)
In mathematics, an even function is a real function such that f ( − x ) = f ( x ) {\displaystyle f(-x)=f(x)} for every x {\displaystyle x} in its domain
Even_and_odd_functions
Hypothesis in language acquisition
related to the noticing hypothesis. Swain defines three functions of output: Noticing function: Learners encounter gaps between what they want to say and
Comprehensible_output
Topological model
DE-9IM() model by the standard functions: ST_Relate, ST_Equals, ST_Intersects, etc. The function ST_Relate(a,b) outputs the standard OGC's DE-9IM string
DE-9IM
Mathematical model of computation
converted to an output-equivalent Mealy machine by setting the output function of every Mealy transition (i.e. labeling every edge) with the output symbol given
Finite-state_machine
Algorithm for supervised learning of binary classifiers
binary classifier called a threshold function: a function that maps its input 𝐱 (a real-valued vector) to an output value f(𝐱) (a single binary value):
Perceptron
Macroeconomic model relating interest rates and output
teaching. The IS–LM model shows the relationship between interest rates and output in the short run. The intersection of the "investment–saving" (IS) and "liquidity
IS–LM_model
Loss function in machine learning
In machine learning, hinge loss is a loss function used for training classifiers. Hinge loss is used for "maximum-margin" classification, most notably
Hinge_loss
Machine learning paradigm
contain enough information to accurately predict the output. Determine the structure of the learned function and corresponding learning algorithm. For example
Supervised_learning
Standard library for the C programming language
definitions and functions for tasks such as string manipulation, mathematical computation, input/output processing, memory management, and input/output. The application
C_standard_library
Integral expressing the amount of overlap of one function as it is shifted over another
other words, the output transform is the pointwise product of the input transform with a third transform (known as a transfer function). See Convolution
Convolution
Programming language for industrial controllers
left side of the rung to the output through asserted (true or "closed") contacts, the rung is considered true, and the output coil storage bit is set to
Ladder_logic
Economic term
production function contains only one input, then the output elasticity is also an indicator of the degree of returns to scale. If the coefficient of output elasticity
Output_elasticity
Study of uncertainty in the output of a mathematical model or system
inputs and outputs may be faultily understood. In such cases, the model can be viewed as a black box, i.e. the output is an "opaque" function of its inputs
Sensitivity_analysis
Function with variable number of arguments
implemented as a variadic function in many languages is output formatting. The C function printf and the Common Lisp function format are two such examples
Variadic_function
Physical characteristic of oscillating systems
transfer function between the input voltage and the output voltage. This transfer function has two poles–roots of the polynomial in the transfer function's denominator–at
Resonance
Asynchrony and awaiting feature in programming languages
allows an asynchronous, non-blocking function to be structured in a way similar to an ordinary synchronous function. It is semantically related to the concept
Async/await
Camera model
|url=https://www.youtube.com/z18jbo4aGEQ In V-Log the ISO range is 250–12800, extendable to 125 ±3 EV for motion picture Brown, Margaret (10 February 2022). "Panasonic
Panasonic_Lumix_DC-GH6
Method for computing the relation of two integers with their greatest common divisor
the other parallel assignments. This leads to the following code: function extended_gcd(a, b) (old_r, r) := (a, b) (old_s, s) := (1, 0) (old_t, t) :=
Extended_Euclidean_algorithm
Total market value of goods and services produced within a country
production (or output or value added) approach, the income approach, and the speculated expenditure approach. It is representative of the total output and income
Gross_domestic_product
Use of functions that call themselves
recursiveFunction(int num) { if (num < 4) { recursiveFunction(num + 1); } printf("%d\n", num); } The output of function 2 is that of function 1 with the
Recursion_(computer_science)
Mathematical definition of point elasticity
point elasticity of a positive differentiable function f of a positive variable (positive input, positive output) at point a is defined as E f ( a ) = a f
Elasticity_of_a_function
Study of heart functions
heart; the cardiac cycle and cardiac output and how these interact and depend on one another. The heart functions as a pump and acts as a double pump in
Cardiac_physiology
Method of building collision-resistant cryptographic hash functions
finalisation function. The finalisation function can have several purposes such as compressing a bigger internal state (the last result) into a smaller output hash
Merkle–Damgård_construction
Standard file format used for designing printed circuit boards
automation (EDA) or a computer-aided design (CAD) system. The CAD systems output PCB fabrication data to allow fabrication of the board. This data typically
Gerber_format
Matrix used in image processing to alter an image
each pixel in the output image is a function of the nearby pixels (including itself) in the input image, the kernel is that function. The general expression
Kernel_(image_processing)
Dialect of the programming language BASIC
CONTINUE Input/output statements: PRINT INPUT Assignment statement: LET Other statements: CLEAR CLS DIM REM RANDOMIZE POKE Functions: ABS CHR$ CODEPEEK
Sinclair_BASIC
associated with a set of input Boolean conditions and a set of output Boolean functions. In an extended finite-state machine (EFSM) model, the transition can be
Extended_finite-state_machine
Fundamental trigonometric functions
angle θ, the sine and cosine functions are denoted as sin(θ) and cos(θ). The definitions of sine and cosine have been extended to any real value in terms
Sine_and_cosine
2015 password-based key derivation function
Compute output tag return Hash(C, tagLength) Argon2 makes use of a hash function capable of producing digests up to 232 bytes long. This hash function is internally
Argon2
Inverse functions of sin, cos, tan, etc.
trigonometric functions (occasionally also called antitrigonometric, cyclometric, or arcus functions) are the inverse functions of the trigonometric functions, under
Inverse trigonometric functions
Inverse_trigonometric_functions
Subfield of cryptography
generalised to where the parties have several inputs and outputs, and the function outputs different values to different parties. Informally speaking
Secure multi-party computation
Secure_multi-party_computation
Programming language
<<__EntryPoint>> function main(): void { echo 'Hello, World!'; } The above script, similar to PHP, will be executed and the following output is sent to the
Hack_(programming_language)
T) ∪ (T × P). E is an arc expression function. It maps each arc a ∈ A into the expression e. The input and output types of the arc expressions must correspond
Coloured_Petri_net
IBM graphics card and computer display standard
off screen sprites, hardware panning, drawing and other functions with VBE/accelerator functions (VBE/AF) in August 1996. This, along with standardised
Extended_Graphics_Array
Mathematical function, in linear algebra
linear map, linear mapping, or linear operator is a particular kind of function between vector spaces, which respects the basic operations of vector addition
Linear_map
Branch of mathematics
exact meaning to the notion of change in output concerning change in input. To be concrete, let f be a function, and fix a point a in the domain of f. (a
Calculus
Programming mechanism
science, function composition is an act or mechanism to combine simple functions to build more complex ones. Like the usual composition of functions in mathematics
Function composition (computer science)
Function_composition_(computer_science)
Programming construct
usually with the same syntax (a function parameter that can also be a function). In some languages, particularly C++, function objects are often called functors
Function_object
Function computed by two parties that emulates a random oracle
the output from true randomness. The function is called an oblivious pseudorandom function, because the second party is oblivious to the function's output
Oblivious pseudorandom function
Oblivious_pseudorandom_function
Function used in signal processing
processing and statistics, a window function (also known as an apodization function or tapering function) is a mathematical function that is zero-valued outside
Window_function
Software agent which acts autonomously
making decisions, and taking actions over extended periods. Intelligent agents operate based on an objective function, which encapsulates their goals. They
Intelligent_agent
Nickname for 8-bit ASCII-derived character sets
having no microprocessor and just enough electromechanical memory to function. They fully processed one character at a time, returning to an idle state
Extended_ASCII
Computation model defining an abstract machine
each producing output data from given input data. Computability theory, which studies computability of functions from inputs to outputs, and for which
Turing_machine
Function in a computer game-playing program that evaluates a game position
An evaluation function, also known as a heuristic evaluation function or static evaluation function, is a function used by game-playing computer programs
Evaluation_function
Text editor by Helios Software Solutions
regex searches (and replacements) within a macro Syntax highlighting (extendable to many different languages) Ability to call external programs (such as
TextPad
Type of signal processing statistic
the power transfer between input and output of a linear system. If the signals are ergodic, and the system function is linear, it can be used to estimate
Coherence_(signal_processing)
Mathematical table used in logic
data inputs A, B, C and D, and output Z (as displayed in the image) would have this function table: Here is an extended truth table giving definitions
Truth_table
Set of cryptographic hash functions
hash values h0 through h7 are given by the SHA-512/t IV generation function, the output is constructed by truncating the concatenation of h0 through h7 at
SHA-2
Properties of mathematical relationships
properties: linearity of a function (or mapping); linearity of a polynomial. An example of a linear function is the function defined by f ( x ) = ( a x
Linearity
Checking software against expectations
and output. For example, every output from a serialization function should be accepted by the corresponding deserialization function, and every output from
Software_testing
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EXTENDABLE OUTPUT-FUNCTION
EXTENDABLE OUTPUT-FUNCTION
EXTENDABLE OUTPUT-FUNCTION
EXTENDABLE OUTPUT-FUNCTION
EXTENDABLE OUTPUT-FUNCTION
EXTENDABLE OUTPUT-FUNCTION
EXTENDABLE OUTPUT-FUNCTION
EXTENDABLE OUTPUT-FUNCTION
EXTENDABLE OUTPUT-FUNCTION
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