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Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext
In cryptography, encryption is the process of transforming information in a way that, ideally, only authorized parties can decode. This process converts
Encryption
Data security technology
Disk encryption is a technology which protects information by converting it into code that cannot be deciphered easily by unauthorized people or processes
Disk_encryption
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), occasionally still referred to by its original name, Rijndael (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛindaːl], RAIN-dahl), is
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
Encryption method
Authenticated encryption (AE) is any encryption scheme which simultaneously assures the data confidentiality (also known as privacy: the encrypted message
Authenticated_encryption
Cryptographic system with public and private keys
Diffie–Hellman key exchange, public-key key encapsulation, and public-key encryption. Public key algorithms are fundamental security primitives in modern cryptosystems
Public-key_cryptography
Form of encryption that allows computation on ciphertexts
Homomorphic encryption is a form of encryption that allows computations to be performed on encrypted data without first having to decrypt it. The result
Homomorphic_encryption
Cryptographic algorithm
algorithms for cryptography that use the same cryptographic keys for both the encryption of plaintext and the decryption of ciphertext. The keys may be identical
Symmetric-key_algorithm
Data encryption and authentication program
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) is an encryption program that provides cryptographic privacy and authentication for data communication. PGP is used for signing
Pretty_Good_Privacy
Secure communications method
End-to-end encryption (E2EE) is a method of implementing a secure communication system where only the sender and intended recipients can read the messages
End-to-end_encryption
Process of encrypting message one or more times
cascade encryption, cascade ciphering, cipher stacking, multiple encryption, and superencipherment. Superencryption refers to the outer-level encryption of
Multiple_encryption
Dynamic Encryption is a cryptographic principle that enables two parties to change the encryption algorithm for every transaction. The principle of Dynamic
Dynamic_encryption
Software that uses cryptography
Encryption software is software that uses cryptography to prevent unauthorized access to digital information. Cryptography is used to protect digital information
Encryption_software
Use of randomness in key code generation
Probabilistic encryption is the use of randomness in an encryption algorithm, so that when encrypting the same message several times it will, in general
Probabilistic_encryption
Cryptographic protocols for securing data in transit
authenticated encryption ciphers, used mainly for Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) and CCM mode of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption. TLS Extensions
Transport_Layer_Security
HTTP extension supporting TLS encryption
(HTTPS) is an extension of the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP). It uses encryption for secure communication over a computer network, and is widely used on
HTTPS
Early unclassified symmetric-key block cipher
The Data Encryption Standard (DES /ˌdiːˌiːˈɛs, dɛz/) is a symmetric-key algorithm for the encryption of digital data. Although its short key length of
Data_Encryption_Standard
Disk-encryption software for Microsoft Windows
volume encryption feature included with Microsoft Windows versions starting with Windows Vista. It is designed to protect data by providing encryption for
BitLocker
Encryption where existence of a plaintext is difficult to proof
In cryptography and steganography, plausibly deniable encryption describes encryption techniques in which the existence of an encrypted file or message
Deniable_encryption
Email encryption is encryption of email messages to protect the content from being read by entities other than the intended recipients. Email encryption may
Email_encryption
Cryptography algorithm
itself is only suitable for the secure cryptographic transformation (encryption or decryption) of one fixed-length group of bits called a block. A mode
Block cipher mode of operation
Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
Process of non-randomly producing the same ciphertext for a given same plaintext and key
A deterministic encryption scheme (as opposed to a probabilistic encryption scheme) is a cryptosystem which always produces the same ciphertext for a
Deterministic_encryption
Algorithm for public-key cryptography
is used in digital signature such as RSASSA-PSS or RSA-FDH, public-key encryption of very short messages (almost always a single-use symmetric key in a
RSA_cryptosystem
Disk encryption is a special case of data at rest protection when the storage medium is a sector-addressable device (e.g., a hard disk). This article presents
Disk_encryption_theory
Hyper-encryption is a form of encryption invented by Michael O. Rabin which uses a high-bandwidth source of public random bits, together with a secret
Hyper-encryption
Common Encryption (abbreviated MPEG-CENC) refers to a set of two MPEG standards governing different container formats: for ISOBMFF, Common encryption in ISO
MPEG_Common_Encryption
Aspect of US National Security Agency
National Security Agency took over responsibility for all US government encryption systems when it was formed in 1952. The technical details of most NSA-approved
NSA_encryption_systems
Malicious software used in ransom demands
private data of a victim hostage until a ransom is paid. This can involve encryption of the data, and/or exfiltration with the threat of publicly releasing
Ransomware
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
Cryptography prior to the modern age was effectively synonymous with encryption, converting readable information (plaintext) to unintelligible nonsense
Cryptography
Simple and widely known encryption technique
A Caesar cipher is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques used in cryptography. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each
Caesar_cipher
Cryptographic primitive
Structured encryption (STE) is a form of encryption that encrypts a data structure so that it can be privately queried. Structured encryption can be used
Structured_encryption
Approach to public-key cryptography
tasks. Indirectly, they can be used for encryption by combining the key agreement with a symmetric encryption scheme. They are also used in several integer
Elliptic-curve_cryptography
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
older NTRU or GGH encryption schemes, and the newer NTRU signature and BLISS signatures. Some of these schemes like NTRU encryption have been studied
Post-quantum_cryptography
Hash function that is suitable for use in cryptography
functions. For example, a CRC was used for message integrity in the WEP encryption standard, but an attack was readily discovered, which exploited the linearity
Cryptographic_hash_function
Attempts to limit access to strong cryptography
following WWII the market for cryptography was almost entirely military, encryption technology (techniques as well as equipment and, after computers became
Crypto_Wars
Algorithm for encrypting and decrypting information
In cryptography, a cipher (or cypher) is an algorithm for performing encryption or decryption—a series of well-defined steps that can be followed as a
Cipher
Method in cryptography
In cryptography, format-preserving encryption (FPE), refers to encrypting in such a way that the output (the ciphertext) is in the same format as the input
Format-preserving_encryption
Computer security practice
own encryption software and manage their own encryption keys. BYOE enables cloud service customers to utilize a virtual instance of their encryption software
Bring_your_own_encryption
Public-key cryptosystem
In cryptography, the ElGamal encryption system is a public-key encryption algorithm based on the Diffie–Hellman key exchange. It was described by Taher
ElGamal_encryption
Generalisation of public-key encryption
Attribute-based encryption is a generalisation of public-key encryption which enables fine grained access control of encrypted data using authorisation
Attribute-based_encryption
Database encryption method
column level encryption is different from other encryption methods like file level encryption, disk encryption, and database encryption, a basic understanding
Column_level_encryption
Family of archive file formats
DES, RC2, RC4 supported for encryption (not published online until the publication of APPNOTE 5.2) 5.2: (2003) AES encryption support for SES (defined in
ZIP_(file_format)
Encryption of network traffic for security
Link encryption is an approach to communications security that encrypts and decrypts all network traffic at each network routing point (e.g. network switch
Link_encryption
Data encryption technique
Protocol encryption (PE), message stream encryption (MSE) or protocol header encrypt (PHE) are related features of some peer-to-peer file-sharing clients
BitTorrent protocol encryption
BitTorrent_protocol_encryption
Concept in cryptography
Envelope encryption gives names to the keys used in hybrid encryption: Data Encryption Keys (abbreviated DEK, and used to encrypt data) and Key Encryption Keys
Hybrid_cryptosystem
Security and privacy measure
Database encryption can generally be defined as a process that uses an algorithm to transform data stored in a database into "cipher text" that is incomprehensible
Database_encryption
Certificate-based encryption is a system in which a certificate authority uses ID-based cryptography to produce a certificate. This system gives the users
Certificate-based_encryption
In cryptography, format-transforming encryption (FTE) refers to encryption where the format of the input plaintext and output ciphertext are configurable
Format-transforming encryption
Format-transforming_encryption
Choosing not to use encryption
cryptography, null encryption (or selecting null cipher or NONE cipher) is choosing not to use encryption in a system where various encryption options are offered
Null_encryption
Functional encryption (FE) is a generalization of public-key encryption in which possessing a secret key allows one to learn a function of what the ciphertext
Functional_encryption
Process in which digital operating systems attempt to encrypt communications channels
Opportunistic encryption (OE) refers to any system that, when connecting to another system, attempts to encrypt communications channels, otherwise falling
Opportunistic_encryption
Hybrid encryption in cryptography
The Integrated Encryption Scheme (IES) is a hybrid encryption scheme which provides semantic security against an adversary who is able to use chosen-plaintext
Integrated_Encryption_Scheme
Proxy re-encryption (PRE) schemes are cryptosystems which allow third parties (proxies) to alter a ciphertext which has been encrypted for one party, so
Proxy_re-encryption
Type of data encryption
Honey encryption is a type of data encryption that "produces a ciphertext, which, when decrypted with an incorrect key as guessed by the attacker, presents
Honey_encryption
Type of encryption standard
Point-to-point encryption (P2PE) is a standard established by the PCI Security Standards Council. Payment solutions that offer similar encryption but do not
Point-to-point_encryption
Wi-Fi communication standard
Opportunistic Wireless Encryption (OWE) is a Wi-Fi standard which ensures that communication between a public hotspot and end devices is protected from
Opportunistic Wireless Encryption
Opportunistic_Wireless_Encryption
Random data used as an additional input to a hash function
GMAC HMAC NMAC OMAC/CMAC PMAC Poly1305 SipHash UMAC VMAC Authenticated encryption modes CCM ChaCha20-Poly1305 CWC EAX GCM IAPM OCB Attacks Collision attack
Salt_(cryptography)
Type of encryption
Client-side encryption is the cryptographic technique of encrypting data on the sender's side, before it is transmitted to a server such as a cloud storage
Client-side_encryption
W3C specification for XML element encryption
XML Encryption (XML-Enc) is a specification governed by a World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommendation, that defines how to encrypt the contents of an
XML_Encryption
Secure network protocol suite
experimental ARPANET encryption devices, at first for native ARPANET packet encryption and subsequently for TCP/IP packet encryption; some of these were
IPsec
Key size for symmetric encryption
computing, 56-bit encryption refers to a key size of fifty-six bits, or seven bytes, for symmetric encryption. While stronger than 40-bit encryption, this still
56-bit_encryption
System allowing searching of encrypted documents
Searchable symmetric encryption (SSE) is a form of encryption that allows efficient searching over a collection of encrypted documents or files without
Searchable symmetric encryption
Searchable_symmetric_encryption
German cipher machine during World War II
positions, although it did not move during encryption. In the Abwehr Enigma, the reflector stepped during encryption in a manner similar to the other wheels
Enigma_machine
Encryption method
Convergent encryption, also known as content hash keying, is a cryptosystem that produces identical ciphertext from identical plaintext files. This has
Convergent_encryption
Means of compromising computer security by restarting the computer
target machine. Typically, cold boot attacks are used for retrieving encryption keys from a running operating system for malicious or criminal investigative
Cold_boot_attack
Deleting data by deleting encryption keys
deliberately deleting or overwriting the encryption keys: assuming the key is not later recovered and the encryption is not broken, the data should become
Crypto-shredding
Used for encoding or decoding ciphertext
for utilizing keys and encryption. Symmetric cryptography refers to the practice of the same key being used for both encryption and decryption. Asymmetric
Key_(cryptography)
Type of public-key encryption
Identity-based encryption (IBE), is an important primitive of identity-based cryptography. As such it is a type of public-key encryption in which the public
Identity-based_encryption
Cryptographic hardware
Hardware-based full disk encryption (FDE) is available from many hard disk drive (HDD/SSD) vendors, including Kingston Technology, Integral Memory, iStorage
Hardware-based full disk encryption
Hardware-based_full_disk_encryption
Cryptographic primitives that involve lattices
schemes, grouped by primitive. Selected schemes for the purpose of encryption: GGH encryption scheme, which is based in the closest vector problem (CVP). In
Lattice-based_cryptography
This is a technical feature comparison of different disk encryption software. Hidden containers: Whether hidden containers (an encrypted container (A)
Comparison of disk encryption software
Comparison_of_disk_encryption_software
IETF standard for encrypted data
JSON Web Encryption (JWE) is an IETF standard providing a standardized syntax for the exchange of encrypted data, based on JSON and Base64. It is defined
JSON_Web_Encryption
Suite of cryptographic algorithms needed to implement a particular security service
as confidentiality (encryption). Typically, a cryptosystem consists of three algorithms: one for key generation, one for encryption, and one for decryption
Cryptosystem
Encrypted information
In cryptography, ciphertext or cyphertext is the result of encryption performed on plaintext using an algorithm, called a cipher. Ciphertext is also known
Ciphertext
Block cipher
officially the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA or Triple DEA), is a symmetric-key block cipher, which applies the Data Encryption Standard (DES) cipher
Triple_DES
protected by encryption or other means so that it can be distributed without fear of its being stolen. Also called BLACK key. Content-encryption key (CEK)
Glossary of cryptographic keys
Glossary_of_cryptographic_keys
Simple type of polyalphabetic encryption system
and so on. Traditionally spaces and punctuation are removed prior to encryption and reintroduced afterwards. In this example the tenth letter of the plaintext
Vigenère_cipher
Method to control access to pay television services
Television encryption, often referred to as scrambling, is encryption used to control access to pay television services, usually cable, satellite, or Internet
Television_encryption
This is a timeline of the public releases or introductions of computer encryption algorithms. Horst Feistel. Block Cipher Cryptographic System, US Patent
Encryption_by_date
System to verify the source and or authenticity of a message
achieved by using message authentication codes (MACs), authenticated encryption (AE), or digital signatures. The message authentication code, also known
Message_authentication
Encryption methods for TV programs
Broadcast encryption is the cryptographic problem of delivering encrypted content (e.g. TV programs or data on DVDs) over a broadcast channel in such a
Broadcast_encryption
what might be called classical cryptography — that is, of methods of encryption that use pen and paper, or perhaps simple mechanical aids. In the early
History_of_cryptography
Database content encryption technology
data encryption (often abbreviated to TDE) is a technology employed by Microsoft, IBM and Oracle to encrypt database files. TDE offers encryption at file
Transparent_data_encryption
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
published in 2007. The GCM algorithm belongs to the class of authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD) methods. Given a key K {\displaystyle K}
Galois/Counter_Mode
2015–2016 public relations and legal dispute
The Apple–FBI encryption dispute concerns whether and to what extent courts in the United States can compel manufacturers to assist in unlocking cell phones
Apple–FBI_encryption_dispute
Term applied to cryptographic systems that are highly resistant to cryptanalysis
dealing with export control of encryption, considered as of 1999[update] any implementation of the symmetric encryption algorithm with the key length above
Strong_cryptography
Identity-based conditional proxy re-encryption (IBCPRE) is a type of proxy re-encryption (PRE) scheme in the identity-based public key cryptographic setting
Identity-based conditional proxy re-encryption
Identity-based_conditional_proxy_re-encryption
Hardware communication security method
Bus encryption is the use of encrypted program instructions on a data bus in a computer that includes a secure cryptoprocessor for executing the encrypted
Bus_encryption
Free and open-source disk encryption utility
VeraCrypt is a free and open-source utility for on-the-fly encryption (OTFE). The software can create a virtual encrypted disk that works just like a regular
VeraCrypt
System that regulates the formation of blocks on a blockchain
(PRN) Secure channel Insecure channel Subliminal channel Encryption Decryption End-to-end encryption Harvest now, decrypt later Information-theoretic security
Proof_of_work
Free and open-source end-to-end encrypted email software and host
cryptography features through its protocol, TutaCrypt, replacing standard encryption methods like RSA-2048 and AES-256 for accounts created after March 2024
Tuta_(email)
Network protocol used by the Web
need for encryption and their providers have no desire to spend additional resources on it. Encryption proponents have stated that this encryption overhead
HTTP/2
Messaging and VoIP service owned by Meta
criticized for its lack of encryption, sending information as plaintext. Encryption was first added in May 2012. End-to-end encryption was only fully implemented
Feature in Microsoft Windows
feature introduced in version 3.0 of NTFS that provides filesystem-level encryption. The technology enables files to be transparently encrypted to protect
Encrypting_File_System
Block cipher
In cryptography, the Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA) is a block cipher notable for its simplicity of description and implementation, typically a few lines
Tiny_Encryption_Algorithm
Cryptographic key management scheme
on the TDEA encryption algorithm and is described in the Appendix C of ANSI X9.24-3-2017. DUKPT allows the processing of the encryption to be moved away
Derived unique key per transaction
Derived_unique_key_per_transaction
Digital asset using a distributed ledger
creating the transaction broadcasts details of the transaction using encryption to other nodes throughout the node network so that the transaction (and
Cryptocurrency
Use of encryption technology to ensure human rights are maintained
Human rights and encryption refers to the ways in which digital encryption affects human rights. Encryption can be used as both a detriment and a boon
Human_rights_and_encryption
Proposed web cryptography standard
Internet standard for creating data with optional signature and/or optional encryption whose payload holds JSON that asserts some number of claims. The tokens
JSON_Web_Token
Use of computer hardware to assist software in the process of data encryption
Hardware-based encryption is the use of computer hardware to assist software, or sometimes replace software, in the process of data encryption. Typically
Hardware-based_encryption
client), and not to the service provider. However, unlike "end-to-end encryption", the term "zero-knowledge" does not imply any specific threat model or
Zero-knowledge_service
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