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Secure network protocol suite
In computing, Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a secure network protocol suite that authenticates and encrypts packets of data to provide secure
IPsec
Internet protocol
IKEv2) is the protocol used to set up a security association (SA) in the IPsec protocol suite. IKE builds upon the Oakley protocol and ISAKMP. IKE uses
Internet_Key_Exchange
Extension of a private network across a public one
of IPSec meets most security goals: availability, integrity, and confidentiality. IPsec uses encryption, encapsulating an IP packet inside an IPsec packet
Virtual_private_network
Computer networking protocol
tunnel itself may be passed over a Layer 3 encryption protocol such as IPsec. Published in August 1999 as proposed standard RFC 2661, L2TP has its origins
Layer_2_Tunneling_Protocol
Maintaining connections across network address translators
networks. IPsec virtual private network clients use NAT traversal in order to have Encapsulating Security Payload packets traverse NAT. IPsec uses several
NAT_traversal
Version 6 of the Internet Protocol
Protocol Security (IPsec) was originally developed for IPv6, but found widespread deployment first in IPv4, for which it was re-engineered. IPsec was a mandatory
IPv6
Choosing not to use encryption
and the "NULL Encryption Algorithm" in IPSec. RFC 2410: "The NULL Encryption Algorithm and Its Use With IPsec" "ciphers - SSL cipher display and cipher
Null_encryption
Free and open-source VPN protocol
private networks (VPNs). It aims to be lighter and better performing than IPsec and OpenVPN, two common tunneling protocols. The WireGuard protocol passes
WireGuard
Way to traverse IP address spaces without routing
tunneling protocols such as IPsec because NAT modifies values in the headers, which interfere with the integrity checks done by IPsec and other tunneling protocols
Network_address_translation
key infrastructure (PKI) to secure data communication. NCP has made its IPsec VPN client compatible with the Windows 10, Windows 11, iOS, macOS, Linux
NCP_Engineering
Form of a virtual private network
multipoint GRE if spoke-to-spoke tunnels are desired IPsec (Internet Protocol Security) using an IPsec profile, which is associated with a virtual tunnel
Dynamic Multipoint Virtual Private Network
Dynamic_Multipoint_Virtual_Private_Network
Network protocol
The cookie exchange in IPsec comes under the Oakley protocol, which is a protocol of key management. The cookie exchange requires that each side send
IPsec_cookie_exchange
Information Protocol (v1 and v2) OSPF Open Shortest Path First (v1 and v2) IPSEC IPsec WireGuard WireGuard AppleTalk DECnet IPX/SPX Internet Protocol Suite
List of network protocols (OSI model)
List_of_network_protocols_(OSI_model)
IPv6 and IPsec stack for BSD derivatives
effort of six organizations in Japan that aimed to provide a free IPv6 and IPsec (for both IPv4 and IPv6) protocol stack implementation for variants of the
KAME_project
Free and open-source virtual private network software
common network protocols (TCP and UDP) makes it a desirable alternative to IPsec in situations where an ISP may block specific VPN protocols in order to
OpenVPN
Topics referred to by the same term
of an X86 16-bit AX register Authentication Header (AH), a part of the IPsec protocol suite Adenomatous hyperplasia; see endometrial adenomatous hyperplasia
AH
Internet security protocol
Names for S/MIME Draft: Opportunistic Encryption with DANE Semantics and IPsec: IPSECA DNS Certification Authority Authorization SSHFP record SMTP MTA
DNS-based Authentication of Named Entities
DNS-based_Authentication_of_Named_Entities
OSI model layer for packet routing
Internet Control Message Protocol IGMP, Internet Group Management Protocol IPsec, Internet Protocol Security IPv4/IPv6, Internet Protocol IPX, Internetwork
Network_layer
Computer network built on top of another network
technologies are, VXLAN, BGP VPNs, and IP-over-IP technologies, such as GRE, IPSEC tunnels, or SD-WAN. Nodes in an overlay network can be thought of as being
Overlay_network
Network printer technology
(10/100/1000BASE-TX, 802.3) IPv6/IPsec (J7961A, J7961G) (Discontinued) 640n - Ethernet/Fast Ethernet/Gigabit (10/100/1000BASE-TX, 802.3) IPv6/IPsec (J8025A) 680n – 802
JetDirect
Data link layer communication protocol
technique is called L2TP/IPsec. In this case too, PPP provides IP addresses to the extremities of the tunnel. Modern IPsec implementations can offer
Point-to-Point_Protocol
Application layer protocol
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
HTTP
Virtual private network provider
also has a command-line tool for Linux and can be implemented using the IPsec protocol. Proton VPN can also be installed on a wireless router. Proton
Proton_VPN
Virtual private network provider
encryption, NordVPN has been using the OpenVPN and Internet Key Exchange v2/IPsec technologies in its applications and also introduced its proprietary NordLynx
NordVPN
Branch of computer security
Security (TLS) for web traffic, Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) for email, and IPsec for network layer security. Threat modeling tools help people to proactively
Internet_security
Computer security research and development company
Security (IPSec) product in late 1994, known as the first IPSec VPN commercial product in IT history Encryption Recovery technology integrated with IPSEC, ISAKMP
Trusted_Information_Systems
Process in which digital operating systems attempt to encrypt communications channels
opportunistic encryption with IPsec. Version 3.16, which was released in December 2015, had support for Opportunistic IPsec using AUTH-NULL which is based
Opportunistic_encryption
Class of communications devices
security appliance which applies IPsec protection to communications between existing devices which themselves lack IPsec implementation protocol stack.
Bump-in-the-wire
Authenticated encryption with associated data algorithm
AEAD algorithm was standardized in RFC 7539 and in RFC 7634 to be used in IPsec. The same year, it was integrated by Cloudflare as an alternative ciphersuite
ChaCha20-Poly1305
Protocol to run DNS queries over HTTPS
Sender ID SPF S/MIME SSH TLS/SSL Domain Name System DANE DNSSEC DNS over HTTPS DNS over TLS CAA Internet Layer IKE IPsec L2TP OpenVPN PPTP WireGuard v t e
DNS_over_HTTPS
Protocol in the Internet protocol suite used with IPv6
mechanism for securing NDP with a cryptographic method that is independent of IPsec. Neighbor Discovery Proxy (ND Proxy) provides a service similar to IPv4
Neighbor_Discovery_Protocol
Global system of connected computer networks
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Internet
Network protocol for virtual terminals
should be a trusted one that is heavily audited (e.g. OpenVPN, WireGuard, IPsec), using preferably certificate-based/public key mutual authentication. IBM
Telnet
Set of cryptographic algorithms by the NSA
for TLS 1.3 draft-guthrie-cnsa2-ipsec-profile-01 Commercial National Security Algorithm (CNSA) Suite 2.0 Profile for IPsec draft-jenkins-cnsa2-cmc-profile-01
Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite
Commercial_National_Security_Algorithm_Suite
Group of internetworking methods in the TCP/IP suite
Security (IPsec) is a suite of protocols for securing IP communications by authenticating and encrypting each IP packet in a data stream. IPsec also includes
Internet_layer
Associates addresses in the layers of a networked device implementation
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Address_Resolution_Protocol
Distributed file system protocol
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Network_File_System
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
Fibre Channel Security Protocols (FC-SP), IEEE P1619.1 tape storage, IETF IPsec standards, SSH, TLS 1.2 and TLS 1.3. AES-GCM is included in the NSA Suite
Galois/Counter_Mode
Standard protocol for transferring files over TCP/IP networks
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
File_Transfer_Protocol
Scripting language created in 1994
2017. Krawczyk, Pawel (2013). "Most common attacks on web applications". IPSec.pl. Archived from the original on 2015-04-15. Retrieved 2015-04-15. Krawczyk
PHP
Cryptography attack
Concrete instantiations of the attack were later realised against SSL and IPSec. It was also applied to several web frameworks, including JavaServer Faces
Padding_oracle_attack
Protocol to run DNS queries using TLS
Sender ID SPF S/MIME SSH TLS/SSL Domain Name System DANE DNSSEC DNS over HTTPS DNS over TLS CAA Internet Layer IKE IPsec L2TP OpenVPN PPTP WireGuard v t e
DNS_over_TLS
Virtual private network provider
Virtual private networking Communication protocols DTLS DirectAccess EVPN IPsec L2F L2TP L2TPv3 PPTP SSTP Split tunneling SSL/TLS Opportunistic tcpcrypt
Mullvad
Computer network protocol
detected by the protocols themselves through checksums or other means. IPsec Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol (SSTP)
Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
Point-to-Point_Tunneling_Protocol
based on ISMACryp format. There are two alternatives to ISMACryp, SRTP and IPsec, that can also be used to provide service and content protection. The difference
ISMACryp
Open-source VPN client and server software
research at the University of Tsukuba. VPN protocols such as SSL VPN, L2TP/IPsec, OpenVPN, and Microsoft Secure Socket Tunneling Protocol are provided in
SoftEther_VPN
encryption keys. SKIP and Photuris were evaluated as key exchange mechanisms for IPsec before the adoption of IKE in 1998. Simple Key Management for Internet Protocols
Simple Key-Management for Internet Protocol
Simple_Key-Management_for_Internet_Protocol
Email authentication method designed to associate a domain with a message stream
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
DomainKeys_Identified_Mail
Networking features introduced in Windows Vista
sharing) support literal IPv6 addresses (RFC 2732). Windows Firewall and the IPsec Policies snap-in support IPv6 addresses as permissible character strings
Windows Vista networking technologies
Windows_Vista_networking_technologies
IEEE standard for port-based network access control
the port. Riley suggests that for wired networks the use of IPsec or a combination of IPsec and 802.1X would be more secure. EAPOL-Logoff frames transmitted
IEEE_802.1X
Practice in cryptography
secrecy is present in several protocol implementations, such as SSH and IPsec (RFC 2412), though it is optional in the latter. Off-the-Record Messaging
Forward_secrecy
Virtual private network provider
dismissed in April 2025. Windscribe uses the OpenVPN, Internet Key Exchange v2/IPsec, and WireGuard protocols in its applications and manual configurations.
Windscribe
VPN intranet technology
to configure and native IPv6 and IPv4 support. DirectAccess establishes IPsec tunnels from the client to the DirectAccess server, and uses IPv6 to reach
DirectAccess
Communication protocol that allows connections between networks
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Internet_Protocol
Publish-subscribe based messaging protocol
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
MQTT
Computer network protocol
ISAKMP, and for other security associations such as AH and ESP for the IETF IPsec DOI. ISAKMP defines the procedures for authenticating a communicating peer
Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol
Internet_Security_Association_and_Key_Management_Protocol
Linux kernel interface for cryptography
kernel, for various parts of the kernel that deal with cryptography, such as IPsec and dm-crypt. It was introduced in kernel version 2.5.45 and has since expanded
Linux_kernel_crypto_API
Internet protocol
UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP in IP IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
IP_in_IP
Point to point protocol
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Licklider Transmission Protocol
Licklider_Transmission_Protocol
Internet Protocol-based storage networking standard for linking data storage facilities
attacks and mitigate the risks. Additionally, as with all IP-based protocols, IPsec can operate at the network layer. The iSCSI negotiation protocol is designed
ISCSI
Protocol for exchanging parameters of multimedia communication sessions
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Session_Description_Protocol
Security tools used on ARPANET
networks in the 1970s and 1980s, and as such were ancestors to today's IPsec architecture, and High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor (HAIPE) devices
ARPANET_encryption_devices
Free and open-source Unix-like operating system
protocols. FreeBSD also supports IPv6, SCTP, IPSec, and wireless networking (Wi-Fi). The IPv6 and IPSec stacks were taken from the KAME project. Prior
FreeBSD
Topics referred to by the same term
three tropical cyclones Internet Key Exchange, a network protocol used by IPsec VPNs Ike, Texas, an unincorporated community in the US USS Dwight D. Eisenhower
Ike
Security software company
IPv6 routing, stateful firewalling, secure communication through both an IPSec based VPN and through the SSL based OpenVPN. In October 2013, an independent
Vyatta
Firewall/Router software distribution
tool, PF. Notable functions of pfSense include traffic shaping, VPNs using IPsec or PPTP, captive portal, stateful firewall, network address translation
PfSense
Open-source self-hosted VPN software
Virtual private networking Communication protocols DTLS DirectAccess EVPN IPsec L2F L2TP L2TPv3 PPTP SSTP Split tunneling SSL/TLS Opportunistic tcpcrypt
Amnezia_VPN
Cryptographic software in OpenBSD
"Allegations regarding OpenBSD IPSEC". openbsd-tech (Mailing list). Holwerda, Thom (2010-12-14), "FBI Added Secret Backdoors to OpenBSD IPSEC", OSNews, retrieved
OpenBSD Cryptographic Framework
OpenBSD_Cryptographic_Framework
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
is used in IEEE 802.11i (as CCMP, the CCM encryption protocol for WPA2), IPsec, and TLS 1.2, as well as Bluetooth Low Energy (as of Bluetooth 4.0).It is
CCM_mode
Family of file formats associated with RFC 1421
Sender ID SPF S/MIME SSH TLS/SSL Domain Name System DANE DNSSEC DNS over HTTPS DNS over TLS CAA Internet Layer IKE IPsec L2TP OpenVPN PPTP WireGuard v t e
Privacy-Enhanced_Mail
Highest layer in network protocol models
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Application_layer
Cloud-based service
Enterprise customers can access the Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) over an IPsec based virtual private network. Unlike traditional EC2 instances which are
Amazon_Virtual_Private_Cloud
Topics referred to by the same term
Internet Negotiation of Keys (KINK), a Kerberos-based protocol used in IPSec Sun kink, a buckling of railway tracks caused by high temperature Search
Kink
Virtual private network provider
protocols include Lightway, WireGuard, OpenVPN (with TCP/UDP), SSTP, L2TP/IPSec, and PPTP. The software also features a Smart DNS feature called MediaStreamer
ExpressVPN
Computer communications authentication algorithm
generalizes and standardizes the use of HMACs. HMAC is used within the IPsec, SSH and TLS protocols and for JSON Web Tokens. This definition is taken
HMAC
Computer communications protocol
(such as the Internet) connection, thereby providing VPN functionality. IPsec has an end-to-end Transport Mode, but can also operate in a tunneling mode
Tunneling_protocol
Public cryptographic algorithms
2006, NSA submitted an Internet Draft on implementing Suite B as part of IPsec. This draft had been accepted for publication by IETF as RFC 4869, later
NSA_Suite_B_Cryptography
Computer network protocol
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Real-Time_Streaming_Protocol
Software company
Virtual private networking Communication protocols DTLS DirectAccess EVPN IPsec L2F L2TP L2TPv3 PPTP SSTP Split tunneling SSL/TLS Opportunistic tcpcrypt
Tailscale
Operating system
forwarding it to the openbsd-tech mailing list and suggested an audit of the IPsec codebase. De Raadt's response was skeptical of the report and he invited
OpenBSD
Transfer of data over a communication channel
SCTP DCCP QUIC SPX more... 3. Network layer IP IPv4 IPv6 ICMP (ICMPv6) IPsec IGMP IPX IS-IS AppleTalk X.25 PLP more... 2. Data link layer ATM ARP SDLC
Data_communication
System for transferring multimedia over IP-based networks
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
SDVoE
Rayner Software's own subscription-based proxies. NetShade's VPN servers run IPSec, and the proxy servers act using the HTTP/HTTPS web proxy standard.[citation
NetShade
Software-defined wide area network
by delivering it faster. SD-WAN communication is usually secured using IPsec, a staple of WAN security. SD-WANs can improve application delivery using
SD-WAN
Networking protocol for clock synchronization
against MITM. The public key system known as "autokey" in NTPv4 adapted from IPSec offers useful authentication, but is not practical for a busy server. Autokey
Network_Time_Protocol
American software programmer
subsystem. With other people, he co-maintains the crypto API, KProbes, IPsec, and is also involved in other development work. He is also a founding member
David_S._Miller
Layer for end-to-end network communication
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Transport_layer
Communication protocol for printers
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Internet_Printing_Protocol
Protocol that extends mobile voice, data and multimedia applications over IP networks
T-Mobile US and Vodafone.[citation needed] The service is dependent on IMS, IPsec, IWLAN and ePDG. The original Release 6 GAN specification supported a 2G
Wi-Fi_calling
Number of standards related to cryptography
Network Security (IPsec) RFC 4301 Defines the overall IPsec security architecture. RFC 4303 Specifies encrypted IP packets for IPsec. RFC 7296 Defines
Cryptography_standards
Kernelvirtual network devices
Virtual private networking Communication protocols DTLS DirectAccess EVPN IPsec L2F L2TP L2TPv3 PPTP SSTP Split tunneling SSL/TLS Opportunistic tcpcrypt
TUN/TAP
Remote computer desktop sharing protocol
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Simple Protocol for Independent Computing Environments
Simple_Protocol_for_Independent_Computing_Environments
Internet Protocol Security implementation
strongSwan is a multiplatform IPsec implementation. The focus of the project is on authentication mechanisms using X.509 public key certificates and optional
StrongSwan
Virtual private network provider
Virtual private networking Communication protocols DTLS DirectAccess EVPN IPsec L2F L2TP L2TPv3 PPTP SSTP Split tunneling SSL/TLS Opportunistic tcpcrypt
TunnelBear
System monitoring program
IPsec Connections IPsec Connections is the set of Internet Protocol security (IPsec) counters that apply to IPsec encapsulated connections. IPsec Driver
Performance_Monitor
Libreswan is a fork of the Openswan IPsec VPN implementation. Libreswan was created by almost all of the Openswan developers after a lawsuit about the
Libreswan
American semiconductor company (1996–2009)
transform an IP packet into an IPSec packet in a single pass in the security processor, with only the policy and IPsec stack being required on the host
Hifn
Protocol for real-time Internet chat and messaging
layer TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
IRC
Encryption method
this can only be achieved when the MAC used is "strongly unforgeable". IPSec adopted EtM in 2005. In November 2014, TLS and DTLS received extensions
Authenticated_encryption
Terminal command scheme used to transfer data
FASP TCP UDP DCCP SCTP RSVP QUIC more... Internet layer IP v4 v6 ICMP (v6) NDP ECN L4S IGMP IPsec more... Link layer ARP Tunnels PPP MAC more... v t e
Fast_and_Secure_Protocol
IPSEC
IPSEC
IPSEC
IPSEC
IPSEC
IPSEC
IPSEC
IPSEC
IPSEC