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This is a timeline of the public releases or introductions of computer encryption algorithms. Horst Feistel. Block Cipher Cryptographic System, US Patent
Encryption_by_date
Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext
In cryptography, encryption (more specifically, encoding) is the process of transforming information in a way that, ideally, only authorized parties can
Encryption
what might be called classical cryptography — that is, of methods of encryption that use pen and paper, or perhaps simple mechanical aids. In the early
History_of_cryptography
Algorithm for public-key cryptography
is used in digital signature such as RSASSA-PSS or RSA-FDH, public-key encryption of very short messages (almost always a single-use symmetric key in a
RSA_cryptosystem
Cryptographic system with public and private keys
Diffie–Hellman key exchange, public-key key encapsulation, and public-key encryption. Public key algorithms are fundamental security primitives in modern cryptosystems
Public-key_cryptography
Secure communications method
End-to-end encryption (E2EE) is a method of implementing a secure communication system where only the sender and intended recipient can read the messages
End-to-end_encryption
Cryptography algorithm
confidentiality or authenticity. A block cipher by itself is only suitable for the secure cryptographic transformation (encryption or decryption) of one fixed-length
Block cipher mode of operation
Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
Early unclassified symmetric-key block cipher
The Data Encryption Standard (DES /ˌdiːˌiːˈɛs, dɛz/) is a symmetric-key algorithm for the encryption of digital data. Although its short key length of
Data_Encryption_Standard
Algorithm for encrypting and decrypting information
In cryptography, a cipher (or cypher) is an algorithm for performing encryption or decryption—a series of well-defined steps that can be followed as a
Cipher
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
synonymous with encryption, converting readable information (plaintext) to unintelligible nonsense text (ciphertext), which can only be read by reversing the
Cryptography
Simple and widely known encryption technique
widely known encryption techniques used in cryptography. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each letter in the plaintext is replaced by a letter
Caesar_cipher
2015–2016 public relations and legal dispute
public access to strong encryption. In 2015 and 2016, Apple Inc. received and objected to or challenged at least 11 orders issued by United States district
Apple–FBI_encryption_dispute
Surveillance strategy
optical layer encryption or photonic shielding). Unlike algorithmic encryption, this method modifies the optical waveform itself—often by burying the signal
Harvest_now,_decrypt_later
Data encryption technique
Protocol encryption (PE), message stream encryption (MSE) or protocol header encrypt (PHE) are related features of some peer-to-peer file-sharing clients
BitTorrent protocol encryption
BitTorrent_protocol_encryption
Block cipher
In cryptography, Triple DES (3DES or TDES), officially the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA or Triple DEA), is a symmetric-key block cipher, which
Triple_DES
Swiss technology company
company would never build an encryption backdoor, and that it wouldn't open a "front door" either by removing end-to-end encryption. In March 2025, the company
Proton_AG
Family of archive file formats
some features such as BZIP2 compression, strong encryption specification and others were published by PKWARE a few years after their creation. The URL
ZIP_(file_format)
Smartphone and desktop app for journaling
date, time, and other automatic metadata; quick entry menu bar (Mac only); and reminders. On June 12, 2017, Bloom Built added end-to-end encryption to
Day_One_(app)
Cryptographic protocols for securing data in transit
authenticated encryption ciphers, used mainly for Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) and CCM mode of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption. TLS Extensions
Transport_Layer_Security
Data and software company in Germany
but is not the first manufacturer in the industry to do so. E-mail encryption to date has been limited to passing within Microsoft programs only. In 2017
DATEV
Type of public-key encryption
Identity-based encryption (IBE), is an important primitive of identity-based cryptography. As such it is a type of public-key encryption in which the public
Identity-based_encryption
Free and open-source end-to-end encrypted email software and host
cryptography features through its protocol, TutaCrypt, replacing standard encryption methods like RSA-2048 and AES-256 for accounts created after March 2024
Tuta_(email)
Discontinued source-available disk encryption utility
a discontinued source-available freeware utility used for on-the-fly encryption (OTFE). It can create a virtual encrypted disk within a file, encrypt
TrueCrypt
Simple type of polyalphabetic encryption system
are removed prior to encryption and reintroduced afterwards. In this example the tenth letter of the plaintext t is shifted by 14 positions (because
Vigenère_cipher
Messaging and VoIP service owned by Meta
announced a partnership with WhatsApp to provide end-to-end encryption by incorporating the encryption protocol used in Signal into each WhatsApp client platform
Block cipher
designed in 1993 by Bruce Schneier and included in many cipher suites and encryption products. Blowfish provides a good encryption rate in software,
Blowfish_(cipher)
Deleting data by deleting encryption keys
data unusable by deliberately deleting or overwriting the encryption keys: assuming the key is not later recovered and the encryption is not broken,
Crypto-shredding
Database encryption method
column level encryption is different from other encryption methods like file level encryption, disk encryption, and database encryption, a basic understanding
Column_level_encryption
Cloud computing and storage service from Apple
plans include iCloud+ providing additional features. Optional end-to-end encryption has been available since 2022 for all iCloud data, except Calendar, Contacts
ICloud
Email service and collaboration suite
beta, the founders released a public whitepaper explaining how Skiff's encryption works. Skiff had its public launch out of beta in November 2021. A difference
Skiff_(email_service)
Malicious software used in ransom demands
implementation mistakes, leaked cryptographic keys or a complete lack of encryption in the ransomware. Ransomware attacks are typically carried out using
Ransomware
Generalisation of public-key encryption
Attribute-based encryption is a generalisation of public-key encryption which enables fine grained access control of encrypted data using authorisation
Attribute-based_encryption
Italian software developer
numerous encryption algorithms, including the CPS-2 program ROM encryption (together with Andreas Naive), the Kabuki (sound) program ROM encryption and the
Nicola_Salmoria
Discrete, discontinuous representation of information
stored. Data encryption keys should be updated on a regular basis. Encryption keys should be stored separately from the data. Encryption also enables
Digital_data
Mobile communication protocol based on mobile service
Phone Link. Google Messages was the first client to offer end-to-end encryption (E2EE) over RCS. E2EE using Messaging Layer Security (MLS) was added to
Rich_Communication_Services
Type of computer security breach
ability to provide disk encryption for Androids. In 2007, former U.S. Commerce Secretary Carlos Gutierrez was allegedly targeted by an evil maid attack during
Evil_maid_attack
Internet protocol used for relaying e-mails
submission from authenticated clients), both with or without encryption, and 465 with encryption for submission. Various forms of one-to-one electronic messaging
Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol
Computing company founded in 2014
artificial intelligence. The company also offers quantum-computing-hardened encryption keys designed to protect data assets and enhance cryptographic defenses
Quantinuum
Type of functions designed for being unsolvable by root-finding algorithms
typically uses Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). AES-CTR_DRBG is often used as a random number generator in systems that use AES encryption. The NIST CTR_DRBG
Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator
Cryptographically_secure_pseudorandom_number_generator
Block cipher
— an algorithm for encryption — developed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA). Initially a classified encryption algorithm, it was developed
Skipjack_(cipher)
Set of cryptographic hash functions
trivial. Reversing password encryption (e.g., to obtain a password to try against a user's account elsewhere) is not made possible by the attacks. (However
SHA-2
Proposed web cryptography standard
Internet standard for creating data with optional signature and/or optional encryption whose payload holds JSON that asserts some number of claims. The tokens
JSON_Web_Token
Privacy-focused encrypted messaging app
now secures all communications with end-to-end encryption. The client software includes mechanisms by which users can independently verify their contacts'
Signal_(software)
Cryptographic problem
if the encryption scheme is commutative, it will not matter who decrypts first. An algorithm for shuffling cards using commutative encryption would be
Mental_poker
German cipher machine during World War II
gamma rotors used in the M4 naval variant. By itself, a rotor performs only a very simple type of encryption, a simple substitution cipher. For example
Enigma_machine
Cross-platform instant messaging service
Linux, Wear OS, watchOS and web browsers. Telegram offers end-to-end encryption in voice and video calls, and optionally in private chats if both participants
Telegram_(software)
Social media platform owned by Meta
end-to-end encryption in Instagram direct messaging in May 2026. Following this change, messages are no longer protected by end-to-end encryption and are
Danish freeware PDF printer
with AES encryption listed as a benefit, subject to some decision constraints such as keeping up-to-date, and banning the use of FTP, unapproved by the VA
Bullzip_PDF_Printer
Free online crowdsourced encyclopedia
China since May 2015. This was done after Wikipedia started to use HTTPS encryption, which made selective censorship more difficult. In 2017–18, after a barrage
Wikipedia
UK law to regulate online content
notices requiring the breaking of end-to-end encryption technology. The Online Safety Act 2023 was amended by the Children's Wellbeing and Schools Act 2026
Online_Safety_Act_2023
Sentence containing all letters of the English alphabet
keyboards. In cryptography, it is commonly used as a test vector for hash and encryption algorithms to verify their implementation, as well as to ensure alphabetic
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog
The_quick_brown_fox_jumps_over_the_lazy_dog
Technique for anonymous communication over a computer network
network. In an onion network, messages are encapsulated in layers of encryption, analogous to the layers of an onion. The encrypted data is transmitted
Onion_routing
Network that allows computers to share resources and communicate with each other
communications. End-to-end encryption generally protects both confidentiality and integrity. Examples of end-to-end encryption include HTTPS for web traffic
Computer_network
Data item stored in a browser by a website
transmitted over HTTPS connections, and the HTTPS protocol dictates end-to-end encryption (i.e. the information is encrypted on the user's browser and decrypted
HTTP_cookie
Digital asset using a distributed ledger
creating the transaction broadcasts details of the transaction using encryption to other nodes throughout the node network so that the transaction (and
Cryptocurrency
Hiding messages in other messages
interest and may in themselves be incriminating in countries in which encryption is illegal. Whereas cryptography is the practice of protecting the contents
Steganography
Form of computer communication over the internet or locally
group. Privacy can also be enhanced in several ways, such as end-to-end encryption by default. Public and group chat features allow users to communicate with
Instant_messaging
Anonymous communicating between two entities
secure communications. Encryption is a method in which data is rendered hard to read by an unauthorized party. Since encryption methods are created to
Secure_communication
American social media and messaging app
incorporated limited use of end-to-end encryption, with intention to expand its use in the future. Snapchat was created by Evan Spiegel, Bobby Murphy, and Reggie
Snapchat
Communication protocol for cryptographic keys
facilitates data encryption by simplifying encryption key management. Keys may be created on a server and then retrieved, possibly wrapped by other keys. Both
Key Management Interoperability Protocol
Key_Management_Interoperability_Protocol
Email service provided by Google
updates—November 2020". Google Cloud Blog. Retrieved September 14, 2022. "Email encryption in transit". Google Transparency Report. Archived from the original on
Gmail
Early block substitution cipher
a manual symmetric encryption technique and was the first literal digram substitution cipher. The scheme was invented in 1854 by Charles Wheatstone,
Playfair_cipher
Cloud-based service and infrastructure
object's data and metadata under the 128-bit Advanced Encryption Standard (AES-128), and each encryption key is itself encrypted with a regularly rotated set
Google_Cloud_Platform
Instant messaging app by Meta Platforms
standalone apps support using multiple accounts, conversations with end-to-end encryption, and playing games. There are also group chats where you can connect with
Facebook_Messenger
English cryptanalyst (1917–1996)
Mikael Byström, Thesis Supervisor, Torkel Jansson, Seminar leader, [Seminar date, 4 June 2013]. Uppsala, SWE: Uppsala universitet. Archived (PDF) from the
Joan_Clarke
File format used to present documents
and various other data formats. The PDF specification also provides for encryption and digital signatures, file attachments, and metadata to enable workflows
Vietnamese instant messaging and social media service
and support each other. In May 2022, Zalo added experimental end-to-end encryption that utilizes the Signal protocol. As of version 25.01.01, this feature
Zalo
Type of transposition cipher
of transposition cipher. It derives its name from the manner in which encryption is performed, in analogy to a fence built with horizontal rails. In the
Rail_fence_cipher
U.S. signals intelligence organization
transparent process for replacing the outdated Data Encryption Standard (DES) by an Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). Cybersecurity policy expert Susan
National_Security_Agency
Type of two-dimensional barcode
prompted reduced contact between service staff and customers. By specifying the SSID, encryption type, password/passphrase, and whether the SSID is hidden
QR_code
Cyber security in power management systems
edition was published 06/2023, replacing edition 1.2. TLS Encryption Node Authentication by means of X.509 certificates Message Authentication IEC 62351-4
IEC_62351
Method of exchanging digital messages
They already include the encryption key, so using an iMail destination is not harder than using standard email with gpg encryption. The destination is two
IMail
U.S. government cryptographic standard
to update the FIPS 140 standard date back to the early 2000s. The FIPS 140-3 (2013 Draft) was scheduled for signature by the Secretary of Commerce in August
FIPS_140-3
Multiple-substitution writing system cipher
ISBN 978-0-521-00890-7 Gaines, Helen Fouché (1939), Cryptanalysis, Dover, ISBN 0-486-20097-3 {{citation}}: ISBN / Date incompatibility (help) Topics in cryptography
Polyalphabetic_cipher
Complex Soviet pencil and paper cipher
The secret key for the encryption is the following: A short Phrase (e.g. the first line of a song, at least 20 letters long) A Date (written numerically
VIC_cipher
American annual film and music festival
outdated networks, helping balance security and privacy, and the FBI–Apple encryption dispute. Films that premiered at SXSW Film include Everybody Wants Some
South_by_Southwest
System that can issue, distribute and verify digital certificates
identities, which are used for: Encryption and/or sender authentication of e-mail messages (e.g., using OpenPGP or S/MIME); Encryption and/or authentication of
Public_key_infrastructure
Rotor encryption machine
non-reciprocal rotor encryption machine. The KL-7 had rotors to encrypt the text, most of which moved in a complex pattern, controlled by notched rings. The
KL-7
Hyper-encryption is a form of encryption invented by Michael O. Rabin which uses a high-bandwidth source of public random bits, together with a secret
Hyper-encryption
Indian general entertainment television channel
Archived from the original on 8 March 2012. "EXCLUSIVE: Date confirmed for Colors encryption". 7 April 2010. Archived from the original on 8 March 2012
Colors_TV
Apple's digital product ecosystem
disabled at a future date after a period of time has passed. This excludes other Apple services that already use end-to-end encryption, and data that is
Apple_ecosystem
Use of digital attacks against a state
infrastructures, encryption and other cyberdefenses. The topics of cyber peacekeeping and cyber peacemaking have also been studied by researchers, as a
Cyberwarfare
American multinational software company
salted them. Another security firm, Sophos, showed that Adobe used a weak encryption method permitting the recovery of a lot of information with very little
Adobe_Inc.
Former end-to-end encryption application
replaced by Peerio 2 on 15 June 2017. The app is discontinued. Messages and user files stored on the Peerio cloud were protected by end-to-end encryption, meaning
Peerio
Cable/satellite TV scrambling/descrambling brand
second version of Videocipher, Videocipher II, was the primary encryption scheme used by major cable TV programmers to prevent TVRO owners from receiving
Videocipher
TrueCrypt is based on Encryption for the Masses (E4M), an open source on-the-fly encryption program first released in 1997. However, E4M was discontinued
TrueCrypt_version_history
Research and scientific development company
codebreaker Alan Turing visited the labs at this time, working on speech encryption and meeting Claude Shannon. Bell Labs Quality Assurance Department gave
Bell_Labs
Legal concept regulating rights of a creative work
rights management technology to restrict non-playback access through encryption and other means. Digital watermarks can be used to trace copies, deterring
Copyright
Short-range wireless technology standard
using a single encryption key longer than this time allows simple XOR attacks to retrieve the encryption key. Turning off encryption is required for
Bluetooth
Encrypted sculpture by American artist Jim Sanborn
encryption. Sanborn also suggested in a 2005 interview that should he die before the entire sculpture is deciphered, he had put in place a method by which
Kryptos
ITU-T Recommendation
cryptography, H.234 is an international standard that defines popular encryption systems used to secure communications, specifically Diffie-Hellman key
H.234
2025 Chinese-Hong Kong film by Larry Yang
by hacking the surveillance system. The police discover that the vault belongs to a wealthy businessman and learn the notebook contains an encryption
The_Shadow's_Edge
Type of substitution cipher
pp. 182–183 Barker, p. 40 Wrixon, p. 27 Gardner Bauer, Friedrich L. "Encryption Steps: Simple Substitution." Decrypted Secrets: Methods and Maxims of
Pigpen_cipher
Technology to control access to copyrighted works and prevent unauthorized copying
policies within devices. DRM technologies include licensing agreements and encryption. Laws in many countries criminalize the circumvention of DRM, communication
Digital_rights_management
(such as photographs), often transmitted or stored insecurely and without encryption. They also note that the measures are easily circumvented with VPNs, prompting
Social media age verification laws in the United States
Social_media_age_verification_laws_in_the_United_States
Network protocol used by the Web
need for encryption and their providers have no desire to spend additional resources on it. Encryption proponents have stated that this encryption overhead
HTTP/2
Spreadsheet editor by Microsoft
the original password. In Excel 2003/XP the encryption is slightly better – a user can choose any encryption algorithm that is available in the system (see
Microsoft_Excel
Transfer of information or power that does not require the use of physical wires
the end of 2007 when it was revealed that Microsoft's implementation of encryption in some of its 27 MHz models were highly insecure. Wireless energy transfer
Wireless
Data protection process
known date value for whatever record is being masked. Encryption is often the most complex approach to solving the data masking problem. The encryption algorithm
Data_masking
Telephone
one has a more up-to-date key revocation list, it transmits it to the other. While there have been no reports of STU-III encryption being broken, there
STU-III
ENCRYPTION BY-DATE
ENCRYPTION BY-DATE
Girl/Female
Tamil
Trick, Power, Strategy, Solution by logic, By reasoning
Boy/Male
Tamil
Munisansutasanstuta | à®®à¯à®¨à¯€à®¸à®‚ஸà¯à®¤à®¾à®¸à®‚ஸà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®¾
Worshipped by sages
Munisansutasanstuta | à®®à¯à®¨à¯€à®¸à®‚ஸà¯à®¤à®¾à®¸à®‚ஸà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à®¾
Girl/Female
Tamil
Hridhya | ஹà¯à®°à¯€à®¤à¯à®¯à®¾
By heart
Hridhya | ஹà¯à®°à¯€à®¤à¯à®¯à®¾
Boy/Male
British, English
Lives by the Path by the Brook
Boy/Male
Tamil
Omdutt | ஓமà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®¤Â
Given by God
Omdutt | ஓமà¯à®¤à¯à®¤à¯à®¤Â
Girl/Female
Tamil
Chethasaa | சேதாஸா
By consciousness
Chethasaa | சேதாஸா
Girl/Female
Tamil
Trick, Power, Strategy, Solution by logic, By reasoning
Girl/Female
Indian
By consciousness
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
By Thinking
Girl/Female
Tamil
Dhanapriya | தநாபà¯à®°à®¿à®¯à®¾
Loved by wealth
Dhanapriya | தநாபà¯à®°à®¿à®¯à®¾
Girl/Female
Hindu
Trick, Power, Strategy, Solution by logic, By reasoning
Boy/Male
Tamil
Nirved | நிரà¯à®µà¯‡à®¤
Gift by God
Nirved | நிரà¯à®µà¯‡à®¤
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Blessed by God; Forgiven by God
Boy/Male
English
Lives by the path by the brook.
Boy/Male
American, British, English
Dwells by the Path by the Brook
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Tamil
Trick; Power; Strategy; Solution by Logic; By Reasoning
Girl/Female
Tamil
Dhana Priya | தநாபà¯à®°à®¿à®¯à®¾
Loved by wealth
Dhana Priya | தநாபà¯à®°à®¿à®¯à®¾
Boy/Male
Australian, British, Christian, English, Norse
Farm by a Ditch; Town by the Ditch
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Modern, Sanskrit, Telugu
Loved by Buddha; Liked by Buddha
Girl/Female
Indian
By heart
ENCRYPTION BY-DATE
ENCRYPTION BY-DATE
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : variant spelling of Wager.
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sikh, Tamil, Telugu, Traditional
World; Earth; Daughter of the Earth
Boy/Male
Hindu
Play
Girl/Female
American, Arabic, Indian, Muslim, Pashtun, Sikh
Trustful; Honest; Trustworthy; Mother of Prophet Mohammed; Truthful
Boy/Male
Tamil
Dhoomravarna | தூமà¯à®°à®µà®°à¯à®£Â
Smoke, Hued Lord
Girl/Female
Teutonic
Shepherdess.
Male
Vietnamese
North Vietnamese form of Phuc, PHUOC means "blessings, luck."
Girl/Female
Tamil
Sivamathy | ஸீவமாஂதà¯à®¯Â
Knowledge, Moon
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Christian, English, French, German
Rufus; Red-haired; Red Skinned; Little Red One
Boy/Male
Norse Swedish English Irish Scandinavian
Happy.
ENCRYPTION BY-DATE
ENCRYPTION BY-DATE
ENCRYPTION BY-DATE
ENCRYPTION BY-DATE
ENCRYPTION BY-DATE
pref.
Used in specifying adjacent dimensions; as, a cabin twenty feet by forty.
pref.
On; along; in traversing. Compare 5.
n.
One who stands near; one who is present; a bystander.
a.
Out of the common path; aside; -- used in composition, giving the meaning of something aside, secondary, or incidental, or collateral matter, a thing private or avoiding notice; as, by-line, by-place, by-play, by-street. It was formerly more freely used in composition than it is now; as, by-business, by-concernment, by-design, by-interest, etc.
pref.
In the neighborhood of; near or next to; not far from; close to; along with; as, come and sit by me.
n.
One who goes by; a passer.
pref.
Near to, while passing; hence, from one to the other side of; past; as, to go by a church.
n.
One who, or that which, stands by one in need; something upon which one relies for constant use or in an emergency.
a.
Past; gone by.
pref.
With, as means, way, process, etc.; through means of; with aid of; through; through the act or agency of; as, a city is destroyed by fire; profit is made by commerce; to take by force.
adv.
Near; in the neighborhood; present; as, there was no person by at the time.
pref.
Against.
n.
A by-passage, for a pipe, or other channel, to divert circulation from the usual course.
n.
A local or subordinate law; a private law or regulation made by a corporation for its own government.
adv.
Passing near; going past; past; beyond; as, the procession has gone by; a bird flew by.
adv.
Aside; as, to lay by; to put by.
n.
A passing without notice; intentional neglect; thrusting away; a shifting off; adieu; as, to give a proposal the go-by.
n.
An election held by itself, not at the time of a general election.
n.
Private end or view; by-interest.
n.
A law that is less important than a general law or constitutional provision, and subsidiary to it; a rule relating to a matter of detail; as, civic societies often adopt a constitution and by-laws for the government of their members. In this sense the word has probably been influenced by by, meaning secondary or aside.