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Use of encryption technology to ensure human rights are maintained
Human rights and encryption refers to the ways in which digital encryption affects human rights. Encryption can be used as both a detriment and a boon
Human_rights_and_encryption
Human rights in cyberspace is a relatively new and uncharted area of law. The United Nations Human Rights Council (UNHRC) has stated that the freedoms
Human_rights_in_cyberspace
Secure communications method
End-to-end encryption (E2EE) is a method of implementing a secure communication system where only the sender and intended recipients can read the messages
End-to-end_encryption
Encryption where existence of a plaintext is difficult to proof
In cryptography and steganography, plausibly deniable encryption describes encryption techniques in which the existence of an encrypted file or message
Deniable_encryption
Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext
In cryptography, encryption is the process of transforming information in a way that, ideally, only authorized parties can decode. This process converts
Encryption
UK constitution, human rights derive from common law, from statutes such as Magna Carta, the Bill of Rights 1689 and the Human Rights Act 1998, from membership
Human rights in the United Kingdom
Human_rights_in_the_United_Kingdom
Attempts to limit access to strong cryptography
Enforcement Act Code as speech Human rights and encryption 40-bit encryption "The Crypto Wars: Governments Working to Undermine Encryption". Electronic Frontier
Crypto_Wars
human rights consists of a series of rights which are legally protected by the Constitution of the United States (particularly by the Bill of Rights)
Human rights in the United States
Human_rights_in_the_United_States
UK law to regulate online content
freedom of expression and privacy. In February 2024, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that requiring degraded end-to-end encryption "cannot be regarded
Online_Safety_Act_2023
Freedom of a person or people to publish and consume information
and have access to information. Article 19 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights provides for the right to "receive and impart information and
Freedom_of_information
American foundation
groups and other NGOs use encryption to protect their online communications. It has contributed to encryption standards such as OpenPGP, IPsec and GnuPG
CryptoRights_Foundation
Australian's human rights, report says". ABC News. 14 May 2018. Retrieved 21 May 2018. thejuicemedia (2 September 2018), Honest Government Ad | Anti Encryption Law
Digital_Rights_Watch
cryptosystems overcome these limitations and risks through the use of one-way, fully homomorphic encryption. This form of encryption allows computations to be carried
Private_biometrics
Term used for debates on media representation in the developing world
in/phone_ban/ Website: https://genderingsurveillance.internetdemocracy.in/ Schultz, Wolfgang; van Hoboken, Joris. Human rights and encryption (PDF).
New World Information and Communication Order
New_World_Information_and_Communication_Order
Topics referred to by the same term
AACS (gene), a human gene Advanced Access Content System, a standard for content distribution and digital rights management AACS encryption key controversy
AACS
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
disclosure of encryption keys for documents relevant to an investigation. Cryptography also plays a major role in digital rights management and copyright
Cryptography
Type of human and legal rights
Digital rights are the human rights and legal rights that enable individuals to access, use, create, and publish digital media, as well as to access and use
Digital_rights
State's human rights report for 2022, there exists "significant human rights issues" in Ethiopia. In addition to extrajudicial killings and instances
Human_rights_in_Ethiopia
Proposed international treaty on computer crime
to be about crime and not human rights, and limiting the ability of companies or NGOs to set standards for access, encryption, and privacy. According
United Nations Convention against Cybercrime
United_Nations_Convention_against_Cybercrime
Topics referred to by the same term
display manufacturer NDS is also used as shorthand for VideoGuard, the encryption system created by NDS Group Navigation Data Standard, a format for automotive-grade
NDS
2015–2016 public relations and legal dispute
The Apple–FBI encryption dispute concerns whether and to what extent courts in the United States can compel manufacturers to assist in unlocking cell
Apple–FBI_encryption_dispute
Aspect of US National Security Agency
National Security Agency took over responsibility for all US government encryption systems when it was formed in 1952. The technical details of most NSA-approved
NSA_encryption_systems
European Union regulation proposal on child pornography detection
services, while excluding end-to-end encryption from their scope. 13 February 2024 – The European Court of Human Rights ruled in an unrelated case that requiring
Regulation to Prevent and Combat Child Sexual Abuse
Regulation_to_Prevent_and_Combat_Child_Sexual_Abuse
Open-source self-hosted VPN software
in 2020, held by digital human rights activists from Roskomsvoboda. Amnezia VPN supports modern blocking bypass protocols and works even where other VPNs
Amnezia_VPN
Blocking access to Telegram in Russia
Puts Out Call for Lawyers to Fight Encryption Fine Human Rights Law Firm to Defend Telegram in Government Encryption Row Telegram files appeal to fight
Blocking of Telegram in Russia
Blocking_of_Telegram_in_Russia
pressure to weaken encryption, as in the Apple-FBI phone case. It has also served to justify legal protection to cryptocurrencies and privacy tools, with
Freedom of speech in the United States
Freedom_of_speech_in_the_United_States
American video communications company
month, Zoom acquired Keybase, a company specializing in end-to-end encryption, and in June, the company hired its first chief diversity officer, Damien
Zoom_Communications
Proposed US legislation
using encryption as evidence, arguing companies might use it as a 'get-out-of-jail-free card.'" In February 2022, 60 privacy and human rights groups
EARN_IT_Act
Overview regarding protection of personal privacy rights
encryption automatically. OpenPGP is a data encryption standard that allows end-users to encrypt the email contents. There are various software and email-client
Email_privacy
Christoph (2024-03-05). "European Court of Human Rights Confirms: Weakening Encryption Violates Fundamental Rights". Electronic Frontier Foundation. Retrieved
Mass_surveillance_in_Russia
Hacktivist group
to apply the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights to the Internet. Oxblood Ruffin, the director
Hacktivismo
1791 amendment limiting government restriction of civil liberties
protected in the Bill of Rights points toward the American founders' understanding of the importance of religion to human, social, and political flourishing
First Amendment to the United States Constitution
First_Amendment_to_the_United_States_Constitution
Banner symbolizing free expression
the encryption key for HD DVDs and asked readers to share it widely. Knowledge of this numeric key value allowed users to bypass digital rights management
Free_Speech_Flag
Government Counter Terrorism policy
swift and proportionate manner Aggregating internal capacities so that response is given with a whole of government approach Human rights and rule of
PRAHAAR
agreements such as the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime, and Lanzarote Convention through their human rights reports. At least two major treaties are in place
Legality_of_child_pornography
American-British human rights campaigner
Vincent (born 1983) is an American-British human rights campaigner who is currently the Director of Insights and Innovation at the Thomson Reuters Foundation
Rebecca_Vincent
Journalist right
Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) Report on Encryption, Anonymity and the Human Rights Framework by UN Special on the Promotion and Protection of the
Source_protection
American law professor & politician
international humanitarian law human rights and international criminal justice. He is co-director of the UCI Fair Elections and Free Speech Center working
David_Kaye_(academic)
Hiding or perplexing genetic information by a computational method
DNA encryption is the process of hiding or perplexing genetic information by a computational method in order to improve genetic privacy in DNA sequencing
DNA_encryption
Cloud computing and storage service from Apple
concerns from human rights activists who claim that it may be used to track dissidents. In response, CEO Tim Cook stated that Apple encryption was "the same
ICloud
Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom
the Internet and strong encryption. The Regulation of Investigatory Powers Bill was introduced in the House of Commons on 9 February 2000 and completed its
Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000
Regulation_of_Investigatory_Powers_Act_2000
American domestic terrorist (1942–2023)
of Meanings and manual corrections for misdirections. Code #II functioned as a one-time pad, a type of potentially unbreakable encryption assuming the
Ted_Kaczynski
Techniques used to obstruct forensic analysis
techniques to defeat computer forensics is data encryption. In a presentation given on encryption and anti-forensic methodologies, the Vice President
Anti–computer_forensics
Non-profit organization
risks to privacy rights in international trade agreements, and government surveillance. Access Now has supported the use of encryption and limited cyber
Access_Now
American cryptographer, creator of PGP (born 1954)
American computer scientist and cryptographer. He is the creator of Pretty Good Privacy (PGP), the most widely used email encryption software in the world.
Phil_Zimmermann
American non-profit organization
telecom and Internet policies. CDT staff worked with Frank LaRue to shape a report on Internet human rights and the U.S. Ambassador to the UN Human Rights Council
Center for Democracy and Technology
Center_for_Democracy_and_Technology
mechanisms and rules that ERP security needs to follow, including data encryption, access rights, and monitoring to protect against internal and external
ERP_security
Entertainment and Arts Alliance, the Australian journalists' union Timothy Pilgrim, Privacy Commissioner Gillian Triggs, Human Rights Commissioner the
Mass surveillance in Australia
Mass_surveillance_in_Australia
Controversy regarding copyright
knows the encryption key. muslix64 claimed to have found title and volume keys in main memory while playing HD DVDs using a software player, and that finding
AACS encryption key controversy
AACS_encryption_key_controversy
Seclusion from unwanted attention
people may employ encryption or anonymity measures to protect their privacy. The word privacy is derived from the Latin word and concept of 'privatus'
Privacy
Messaging and VoIP service owned by Meta
spread of hoaxes and fake news. WhatsApp was initially criticized for its lack of encryption, sending information as plaintext. Encryption was first added
Activist advocating widespread use of strong cryptography
public-key cryptography, by Whitfield Diffie and Martin Hellman, and the US government publication of the Data Encryption Standard (DES), a block cipher which
Cypherpunk
Technical standard for digital audiobooks, periodicals and computerized text
Education. Content from both the NLS and the Learning Ally organizations uses the DAISY Protected Digital Book (PDTB) encryption standard. The basic structure
Digital Accessible Information System
Digital_Accessible_Information_System
Cross-platform instant messaging service
macOS, Linux, Wear OS, watchOS and web browsers. Telegram offers end-to-end encryption in voice and video calls, and optionally in private chats if both
Telegram_(software)
Digital rights group
Trance, and Extol Human Rights". Wired. ISSN 1059-1028. Archived from the original on August 30, 2025. Retrieved March 19, 2026. "Fed Encryption Standard
Electronic Frontier Foundation
Electronic_Frontier_Foundation
Right to communicate one's opinions and ideas
as a human right in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) and international human rights law. Many countries have constitutional laws that
Freedom_of_speech
one can say that encryption is about privacy. The right to a "safety zone" and privacy exists in the First and Fourth Amendment rights in the USA where
State_v._Levie
Form of surveillance, such as wiretapping
counter-terrorism and human rights condemned mass electronic surveillance as a clear violation of core privacy rights guaranteed by multiple treaties and conventions
Targeted_surveillance
Cellular phone surveillance device
negotiations. Beginning around 2018 and over the next several years until 2023, the ACLU and the Center for Human Rights and Privacy were able to obtain, through
Stingray_phone_tracker
Component of Belgian elections
all available Belgian courts and the issue of legality of eVoting was raised before the European Court of Human Rights. The European court discarded
Electronic_voting_in_Belgium
Free and open source project building an anonymous network
are achieved by encrypting the user's traffic (by using end-to-end encryption), and sending it through a volunteer-run network of roughly 55,000 computers
I2P
Free online crowdsourced encyclopedia
use HTTPS encryption, which made selective censorship more difficult. In 2017–18, after a barrage of false news reports, both Facebook and YouTube announced
Wikipedia
International advocacy group
promotion of online anonymity and encryption, multistakeholderism, and open source software. European Digital Rights and its members fought as well for
European_Digital_Rights
American computer scientist
for Human Rights and Humanitarian Studies and the Policy Lab. He teaches a popular Algorithms for the People course that surveys, critiques, and aspires
Seny_Kamara
have emerged and become commonplace in all areas of modern computing. Modern encryption schemes utilize the concepts of public-key and symmetric-key
Glossary_of_computer_science
EU regulation on information privacy
European Union (EU) and the European Economic Area (EEA). The GDPR is an important component of EU privacy law and human rights law, in particular Article
General Data Protection Regulation
General_Data_Protection_Regulation
Commercial service for proxied Internet access
VPN services as privacy-enhancing, citing security features, such as encryption, from the underlying VPN technology. However, when the transmitted content
VPN_service
Legal concept regulating rights of a creative work
revenue. Some have used digital rights management technology to restrict non-playback access through encryption and other means. Digital watermarks can
Copyright
Free and open-source anonymity network based on onion routing
2022. Peterson, Andrea (28 May 2015). "U.N. report: Encryption is important to human rights — and backdoors undermine it". The Washington Post. Archived
Tor_(network)
United States federal law concerning health information
form of encryption must be utilized. If closed systems/networks are utilized, existing access controls are considered sufficient and encryption is optional
Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act
Health_Insurance_Portability_and_Accountability_Act
Type of machine learning model
Atomic Scientists. Retrieved 10 April 2025. Wang, Yongge (20 June 2024). "Encryption Based Covert Channel for Large Language Models" (PDF). IACR ePrint 2024/586
Large_language_model
SpaceX satellite Internet constellation
end-to-end encryption. Starlink satellites use Hall-effect thrusters with krypton or argon gas as the reaction mass for orbit raising and station keeping
Starlink
Hacker organization
to apply the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights to the Internet. Among Hacktivismo's beliefs
Cult_of_the_Dead_Cow
Pornographic video sharing website
first major adult sites to incorporate HTTPS encryption. HTTPS allows for privacy, malware protection, and the integrity of information exchange. Alex
XHamster
Computer hacking perpetrated by governments
to monitor user activity and interfere with device operation. Government attacks on security may include malware and encryption backdoors. The National
Government_hacking
American software company
countries with internet censorship, including China, Iran, and Saudi Arabia. Human rights workers in Central America reportedly used the service to send
SafeWeb
Monitoring of computer or network activity
"European Court of Human Rights confirms: weakening of encryption can violate the human right to privacy". European Digital Rights (EDRi). Archived from
Computer and network surveillance
Computer_and_network_surveillance
Internet surveillance tool
platform companies," and that ShadowDragon vets "all in-bound requests for our products to ensure they're not used to conduct human rights violations." Importantly
ShadowDragon
Global system of connected computer networks
authentication, the transit of the file over the Internet may be obscured by encryption, and money may change hands for access to the file. The price can be paid
Internet
American federal judge and legal scholar (born 1939)
rejects strong animal rights on pragmatic grounds and emphasizes human intuition about the special value of human life over rights-based claims for animals
Richard_Posner
Entity owned by a person or a group of people
Property is a system of rights that gives people legal control of valuable things, and also refers to the valuable things themselves. Depending on the
Property
Exposing of scandalous activity
major news outlets, though occasionally, third parties expose human rights violations and exploitation of workers. Many governments attempt to protect
Whistleblowing
Privacy-focused encrypted messaging app
with end-to-end encryption. The client software includes mechanisms by which users can independently verify their contacts' identities and the data channel's
Signal_(software)
Covert operation
through the sale of manipulated encryption technology (CX-52) from Swiss-based Crypto AG, which was secretly owned and influenced by the two services from
Operation_Rubicon
Document and image storage service
plausible deniability also as known as deniable encryption in the field of cryptography and steganography, and ensure privacy even under coercion. Cryptee
Cryptee
2025 Chinese-Hong Kong film by Larry Yang
discover that the vault belongs to a wealthy businessman and learn the notebook contains an encryption key to his cryptocurrency wallet. They deduce that the
The_Shadow's_Edge
2022 U.S. Supreme Court case on abortion
Commissioner for Human Rights, Michelle Bachelet, said that the decision "represents a major setback after five decades of protection for sexual and reproductive
Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization
Dobbs_v._Jackson_Women's_Health_Organization
UK human rights organization
British human rights organisation that equips oppressed communities in hard-to-access areas with cameras, technology, and training to safely and effectively
Videre
File format standard for electronic business cards
and SOCIALPROFILE, and some new parameters for existing properties. It also updated the ADR and N properties to support more detailed addresses and secondary
VCard
2006 FBI Intelligence Assessment
September 29, 2020, Jamie Raskin, the Chairman of the Subcommittee on Civil Rights and Civil Liberties, released an unredacted version of the report. Manning
White Supremacist Infiltration of Law Enforcement
White_Supremacist_Infiltration_of_Law_Enforcement
American nonprofit corporation that aims to support global Internet freedom technologies
technologies and communities that increase free expression, circumvent censorship, and obstruct repressive surveillance as a way to promote human rights and open
Open_Technology_Fund
Draft legislation proposed in the United Kingdom
Data Bill and Explanatory Notes (interleaved), European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) Memorandum and Delegated Powers Memorandum. Open Rights Group wiki
Draft Communications Data Bill
Draft_Communications_Data_Bill
Borders (RWB), and the Country Reports on Human Rights Practices by the U.S. State Department Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. Pervasive
Internet censorship and surveillance in Europe
Internet_censorship_and_surveillance_in_Europe
sportswashing, and human rights issues. There have been diplomatic boycotts of the Olympics largely due to the human rights situation in China, and the persecution
Concerns and controversies at the 2022 Winter Olympics
Concerns_and_controversies_at_the_2022_Winter_Olympics
interception of data and intelligence sharing with agencies in other countries do not breach the European Convention on Human Rights, and are compliant with
Mass surveillance in the United Kingdom
Mass_surveillance_in_the_United_Kingdom
Italian hacktivist collective
complaint with the Italian Data Protection Authority [it] and urged the adoption of encryption tools such as GNU Privacy Guard. A/I was already overhauling
Autistici/Inventati
Indian digital liberties organisation
weaken encryption or eliminate anonymity would harm citizens’ fundamental rights. Facebook had the various ID-linking cases consolidated and transferred
Internet_Freedom_Foundation
US Senate subcommittee of the Senate Judiciary Committee
included oversight of government encryption policies and encryption export licensing and oversight of espionage laws and their enforcement. The subcommittee
United States Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on Terrorism and Homeland Security
United_States_Senate_Judiciary_Subcommittee_on_Terrorism_and_Homeland_Security
Series of covert and illegal projects by the FBI
police. During the early sixties, at the height of the civil rights movement, and the human rights movement, the police in the United States became increasingly
COINTELPRO
encrypted messages based on symmetric encryption". December 12, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2018. "POP, IMAP, and SMTP settings for Outlook.com - Microsoft
Comparison of webmail providers
Comparison_of_webmail_providers
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HUMAN RIGHTS-AND-ENCRYPTION
HUMAN RIGHTS-AND-ENCRYPTION
Boy/Male
Arabic, Parsi
Mind and Intellect; Devil; Evil Spirit
Female
Native American
Native American Hopi name SHUMAN means "rattlesnake handler."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : partly from an unattested late Old English personal name, Hygemann, composed of the elements hyge ‘mind’ (cognate with the underlying Germanic element in Hugh) + mann ‘man’. In some cases this may also have been an occupational name for a servant (Middle English man) of a man called Hugh.Perhaps an altered spelling of German Homann.
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : nickname for someone with a deformed hand or who had lost one hand, from Middle English hand, Middle High German hant, found in such appellations as Liebhard mit der Hand (Augsburg 1383).Jewish (Ashkenazic) : nickname from German Hand ‘hand’ (see 1).Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Flaithimh (see Guthrie), resulting from an erroneous association of the Gaelic name with the Gaelic word lámh ‘hand’. It is used as an English equivalent for several other names of Gaelic origin too, e.g. Claffey, Glavin, and McClave.Dutch : from a variant of hont ‘dog’, ‘hound’, either a derogatory nickname, or a habitational name for someone living at a house distinguished by the sign of a dog.
Male
Yiddish
 Yiddish altered form of Hebrew Hyam, HYMAN means "life." Compare with another form of Hyman.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Brave and Noble; Magnanimous; Courageous; Generous
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Light of Human Being
Girl/Female
Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Traditional
Beautiful Flowers; Flower; Cheerful and Wise; One who has a Good Mind
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
English, Scottish, Danish, Norwegian, Swedish, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : topographic name for someone who lived on patch of sandy soil, from the vocabulary word sand. As a Swedish or Jewish name it was often purely ornamental.Dutch and Belgian : reduced form of Van den Sand(e), Van den Zande, a habitational name from places such as Zande in West Flanders or various minor places named with zand ‘sand’.English and Scottish : from a short form of Alexander.French : from a Germanic personal name, Sando.
Surname or Lastname
English, Scottish, and northern Irish
English, Scottish, and northern Irish : occupational name for a maker of machinery, mostly in wood, of any of a wide range of kinds, from Old English wyrhta, wryhta ‘craftsman’ (a derivative of wyrcan ‘to work or make’). The term is found in various combinations (for example, Cartwright and Wainwright), but when used in isolation it generally referred to a builder of windmills or watermills.Common New England Americanized form of French Le Droit, a nickname for an upright person, a man of probity, from Old French droit ‘right’, in which there has been confusion between the homophones right and wright.
Boy/Male
Arabic, French, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Muslim, Sindhi
Courageous and Generous; Courageous; Generous
Male
Hebrew
(הָמָן) Hebrew name of Persian origin, HAMAN means "magnificent." In the bible, this is the name of a wicked prime minister.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Himan was the Name of One of the Famous Slaves that had a Hand in Building the Tomb of Queen Venika
Female
Chinese
obliging and quiet.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil, Telugu
One has Good Heart; Flower; Cheerful and Wise; Good Mind; Love
Surname or Lastname
English, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic)
English, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : metonymic occupational name for a maker of hoops and bands, etc., from Middle English band, bond, Middle High German, Middle Low German bant, German Band denoting something used for tying or binding: ‘hoop’, ‘metal band’, ‘fetter’, ‘shackle’.Old spelling of the Dutch cognates Bant, Bande, from Middle Dutch bant ‘band’.
Girl/Female
Afghan, Arabic, Assamese, Gujarati, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Muslim, Sindhi
Bird of Paradise; Daughter of King Bahman and Mother of Darab; Gold; An Imaginary Bird
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
An Imaginary bird
Surname or Lastname
English and German
English and German : topographic name from Old English land, Middle High German lant, ‘land’, ‘territory’. This had more specialized senses in the Middle Ages, being used to denote the countryside as opposed to a town or an estate.English : topographic name for someone who lived in a forest glade, Middle English, Old French la(u)nde, or a habitational name from Launde in Leicestershire or Laund in West Yorkshire, which are named with this word.Norwegian : habitational name from any of three farmsteads so named, from Old Norse land ‘land’, ‘territory’ (see 1 above).
Boy/Male
Indian
Courageous and generous
HUMAN RIGHTS-AND-ENCRYPTION
HUMAN RIGHTS-AND-ENCRYPTION
HUMAN RIGHTS-AND-ENCRYPTION
HUMAN RIGHTS-AND-ENCRYPTION
HUMAN RIGHTS-AND-ENCRYPTION
HUMAN RIGHTS-AND-ENCRYPTION
HUMAN RIGHTS-AND-ENCRYPTION
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