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Process of encrypting message one or more times
cascade encryption, cascade ciphering, cipher stacking, multiple encryption, and superencipherment. Superencryption refers to the outer-level encryption of
Multiple_encryption
Data security technology
Disk encryption is a technology which protects information by converting it into code that cannot be deciphered easily by unauthorized people or processes
Disk_encryption
Aspect of US National Security Agency
National Security Agency took over responsibility for all US government encryption systems when it was formed in 1952. The technical details of most NSA-approved
NSA_encryption_systems
Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext
In cryptography, encryption is the process of transforming information in a way that, ideally, only authorized parties can decode. This process converts
Encryption
Form of encryption that allows computation on ciphertexts
Homomorphic encryption is a form of encryption that allows computations to be performed on encrypted data without first having to decrypt it. The result
Homomorphic_encryption
Early unclassified symmetric-key block cipher
The Data Encryption Standard (DES /ˌdiːˌiːˈɛs, dɛz/) is a symmetric-key algorithm for the encryption of digital data. Although its short key length of
Data_Encryption_Standard
Disk encryption is a special case of data at rest protection when the storage medium is a sector-addressable device (e.g., a hard disk). This article presents
Disk_encryption_theory
Cryptography standard
one of the PKCS #5 standards defined in RFC 2898, which supports multiple encryption schemes. A new version 2 was proposed by S. Turner in 2010 as RFC
PKCS_8
Encryption where existence of a plaintext is difficult to proof
In cryptography and steganography, plausibly deniable encryption describes encryption techniques in which the existence of an encrypted file or message
Deniable_encryption
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), occasionally still referred to by its original name, Rijndael (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛindaːl], RAIN-dahl), is
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
Block cipher
officially the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA or Triple DEA), is a symmetric-key block cipher, which applies the Data Encryption Standard (DES) cipher
Triple_DES
This is a technical feature comparison of different disk encryption software. Hidden containers: Whether hidden containers (an encrypted container (A)
Comparison of disk encryption software
Comparison_of_disk_encryption_software
Hyper-encryption is a form of encryption invented by Michael O. Rabin which uses a high-bandwidth source of public random bits, together with a secret
Hyper-encryption
Algorithm for public-key cryptography
is used in digital signature such as RSASSA-PSS or RSA-FDH, public-key encryption of very short messages (almost always a single-use symmetric key in a
RSA_cryptosystem
EEPROM chip
8 KiB), enough to store multiple encryption keys. Most frequently it was used in key-splitting applications: either the encryption device or the KSD-64 alone
KSD-64
Data encryption and authentication program
Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) is an encryption program that provides cryptographic privacy and authentication for data communication. PGP is used for signing
Pretty_Good_Privacy
Secure communications method
End-to-end encryption (E2EE) is a method of implementing a secure communication system where only the sender and intended recipients can read the messages
End-to-end_encryption
Cryptography algorithm
itself is only suitable for the secure cryptographic transformation (encryption or decryption) of one fixed-length group of bits called a block. A mode
Block cipher mode of operation
Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
Generic space–time tradeoff cryptographic attack
space–time tradeoff cryptographic attack against encryption schemes that rely on performing multiple encryption operations in sequence. The MITM attack is the
Meet-in-the-middle_attack
Distributed payment messaging mechanism system
between counterparties. Messages will be encrypted and signed, with multiple encryption mechanisms available. Participants can establish currency conversion
BRICS_Pay
Cryptographic algorithm
algorithms for cryptography that use the same cryptographic keys for both the encryption of plaintext and the decryption of ciphertext. The keys may be identical
Symmetric-key_algorithm
Deleting data by deleting encryption keys
deliberately deleting or overwriting the encryption keys: assuming the key is not later recovered and the encryption is not broken, the data should become
Crypto-shredding
Internet protocol used for relaying e-mails
extended multiple times. The protocol version in common use today has extensible structure with various extensions for authentication, encryption, binary
Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol
Family of archive file formats
DES, RC2, RC4 supported for encryption (not published online until the publication of APPNOTE 5.2) 5.2: (2003) AES encryption support for SES (defined in
ZIP_(file_format)
Method used to encrypt a message
Messages can be transformed first by a code, and then by a cipher. Such multiple encryption, or "superencryption" aims to make cryptanalysis more difficult.
Code_(cryptography)
Cryptographic hardware
Hardware-based full disk encryption (FDE) is available from many hard disk drive (HDD/SSD) vendors, including Kingston Technology, Integral Memory, iStorage
Hardware-based full disk encryption
Hardware-based_full_disk_encryption
Security and privacy measure
hackers to retrieve the data. There are multiple techniques and technologies available for database encryption, the most important of which will be detailed
Database_encryption
Disk encryption software
The Linux Unified Key Setup (LUKS) is a disk encryption specification created by Clemens Fruhwirth in 2004 and originally intended for Linux. LUKS implements
Linux_Unified_Key_Setup
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
Cryptography prior to the modern age was effectively synonymous with encryption, converting readable information (plaintext) to unintelligible nonsense
Cryptography
Criminal VPN service
created in 2008. The service advertised VPN servers in multiple countries and offered multiple encryption. The service was known for providing services to cybercriminals
VPNLab
Software that uses cryptography
Encryption software is software that uses cryptography to prevent unauthorized access to digital information. Cryptography is used to protect digital information
Encryption_software
Methods for dividing computing resources
interface environment. This ensures run-mode compatibility across multiple encryption algorithm models, allowing seamless integration within the paravirtual
Virtualization
Algorithm for encrypting and decrypting information
In cryptography, a cipher (or cypher) is an algorithm for performing encryption or decryption—a series of well-defined steps that can be followed as a
Cipher
Simple and widely known encryption technique
A Caesar cipher is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques used in cryptography. It is a type of substitution cipher in which each
Caesar_cipher
Authenticated encryption mode with resistance against nonce reuse
is encrypted multiple times with the same nonce. When that happens, an attacker is able to observe repeat encryptions, since encryption is a deterministic
AES-GCM-SIV
Computer security practice
own encryption software and manage their own encryption keys. BYOE enables cloud service customers to utilize a virtual instance of their encryption software
Bring_your_own_encryption
Concept in cryptography
Hybrid Public Key Encryption (HPKE, published as RFC 9180) is a modern standard for generic hybrid encryption. HPKE is used within multiple IETF protocols
Hybrid_cryptosystem
Encrypted information
In cryptography, ciphertext or cyphertext is the result of encryption performed on plaintext using an algorithm, called a cipher. Ciphertext is also known
Ciphertext
Generalisation of public-key encryption
attribute-based encryption with multiple authorities who jointly generate users' private keys. There are mainly two types of attribute-based encryption schemes:
Attribute-based_encryption
Cryptographic protocols for securing data in transit
authenticated encryption ciphers, used mainly for Galois/Counter Mode (GCM) and CCM mode of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption. TLS Extensions
Transport_Layer_Security
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
published in 2007. The GCM algorithm belongs to the class of authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD) methods. Given a key K {\displaystyle K}
Galois/Counter_Mode
Extension to XMPP for multi-client end-to-end encryption
across multiple clients, even if some of them are offline". The name "OMEMO" is a recursive acronym for "OMEMO Multi-End Message and Object Encryption". It
OMEMO
Encryption method
Convergent encryption, also known as content hash keying, is a cryptosystem that produces identical ciphertext from identical plaintext files. This has
Convergent_encryption
Instant messaging app by Meta Platforms
using multiple accounts, conversations with end-to-end encryption, and playing games. There are also group chats where you can connect with multiple people
Facebook_Messenger
Cryptographic cipher
multiple messages. Ciphers that include multiple messages are called High-Order Homophonic. High-order ciphers outline multiple keys for encryption and
Aristocrat_Cipher
Multimedia container format
Format (PIFF) specification in 2010. It defined another usage of multiple encryption and DRM systems in a single file container. The PIFF brand was registered
ISO_base_media_file_format
Means of compromising computer security by restarting the computer
target machine. Typically, cold boot attacks are used for retrieving encryption keys from a running operating system for malicious or criminal investigative
Cold_boot_attack
Block cipher
In cryptography, the Cellular Message Encryption Algorithm (CMEA) is a block cipher which was used for securing mobile phones in the United States. CMEA
Cellular Message Encryption Algorithm
Cellular_Message_Encryption_Algorithm
Messaging and VoIP service owned by Meta
criticized for its lack of encryption, sending information as plaintext. Encryption was first added in May 2012. End-to-end encryption was only fully implemented
Secure network protocol suite
experimental ARPANET encryption devices, at first for native ARPANET packet encryption and subsequently for TCP/IP packet encryption; some of these were
IPsec
Hash function that is suitable for use in cryptography
functions. For example, a CRC was used for message integrity in the WEP encryption standard, but an attack was readily discovered, which exploited the linearity
Cryptographic_hash_function
Hybrid encryption in cryptography
The Integrated Encryption Scheme (IES) is a hybrid encryption scheme which provides semantic security against an adversary who is able to use chosen-plaintext
Integrated_Encryption_Scheme
Contactless smart card used in Taiwan
services and products, security measures are important. EasyCard uses multiple encryption techniques to prevent illegal modification of values and hacking
EasyCard
Data encryption and authentication program
received major funding from the German government in 1999. GnuPG is a hybrid-encryption software program because it uses a combination of conventional symmetric-key
GNU_Privacy_Guard
Peer-to-peer encrypted communication protocol
Agency (NSA), due to the decentralized nature of the protocol, and its encryption being difficult to crack. This prevents the accidental eavesdropping.
Bitmessage
building. Master encryption key (MEK) - Used to encrypt the DEK/TEK key. Master key encryption key (MKEK) - Used to encrypt multiple KEK keys. For example
Glossary of cryptographic keys
Glossary_of_cryptographic_keys
Networking protocol for real-time communication
and directing users to its new Matrix instance. In May 2020, end-to-end encryption was enabled by default for all new private conversations within the protocol
Matrix_(protocol)
Free and open source project building an anonymous network
connections are achieved by encrypting the user's traffic (by using end-to-end encryption), and sending it through a volunteer-run network of roughly 55,000 computers
I2P
Videoconferencing software
end-to-end encryption to business and enterprise users, with AES 256 GCM encryption enabled for all users. In October 2020, Zoom added end-to-end encryption for
Zoom_(software)
Aspect of cryptography
Entity authentication, perhaps using an authentication protocol Symmetric encryption and message authentication key material construction Secured application-level
Cryptographic_protocol
Authenticated encryption with associated data algorithm
ChaCha20-Poly1305 is an authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD) algorithm, that combines the ChaCha20 stream cipher with the Poly1305 message
ChaCha20-Poly1305
Implementations of Advanced Encryption Standard
There are various implementations of the Advanced Encryption Standard, also known as Rijndael. Rijndael is free for any use public or private, commercial
AES_implementations
Proposed web cryptography standard
Internet standard for creating data with optional signature and/or optional encryption whose payload holds JSON that asserts some number of claims. The tokens
JSON_Web_Token
Discrete, discontinuous representation of information
in Use. There have been multiple projects to encrypt memory. Microsoft Xbox systems are designed to provide memory encryption and the company PrivateCore
Digital_data
Cryptographic software library
cross-platform software library that provides implementations of fully homomorphic encryption schemes. OpenFHE is a successor of PALISADE and incorporates selected
OpenFHE
Simple type of polyalphabetic encryption system
and so on. Traditionally spaces and punctuation are removed prior to encryption and reintroduced afterwards. In this example the tenth letter of the plaintext
Vigenère_cipher
Encrypted voice communication
the encryption of voice communication over a range of communication types such as radio, telephone or IP. The implementation of voice encryption dates
Secure_voice
Concept in data security
breach of 2013, cardholder data encryption must take place prior to card data entering the POS and not after. Encryption takes place within the confines
Tokenization_(data_security)
Input to a cryptographic primitive
needs to be unpredictable or unique. Randomization is crucial for some encryption schemes to achieve semantic security, a property whereby repeated usage
Initialization_vector
Radio standard
options are defined. These encryption schemes are interoperable between manufacturers and support voice call late entry, multiple keys, and with no discernible
Digital_mobile_radio
Voice over IP software comparison
SIP provider. Some SIP providers do not support certain encryption protocols. Only the encryption related source code is open. Only on the network connection
Comparison_of_VoIP_software
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
older NTRU or GGH encryption schemes, and the newer NTRU signature and BLISS signatures. Some of these schemes like NTRU encryption have been studied
Post-quantum_cryptography
EPOC (Efficient Probabilistic Public Key Encryption) is a probabilistic public-key encryption scheme. EPOC was developed in 1999 by T. Okamoto, S. Uchiyama
Efficient Probabilistic Public-Key Encryption Scheme
Efficient_Probabilistic_Public-Key_Encryption_Scheme
Random data used as an additional input to a hash function
needed for a successful attack. It also helps protect passwords that occur multiple times in a database, as a new salt is used for each password instance.
Salt_(cryptography)
Size of biclique cover of a graph
intended receivers. Each receiver may possess multiple encryption keys, and each key will be distributed to multiple receivers. The optimum key generation problem
Bipartite_dimension
Method of encryption
transposition cipher (also known as a permutation cipher) is a method of encryption which scrambles the positions of characters (transposition) without changing
Transposition_cipher
IEEE Standards Association storage security group
over multiple transports. As of 2026, project P1667 is under development to update 1667-2018. Comparison of disk encryption software Disk encryption Encryption
IEEE Security in Storage Working Group
IEEE_Security_in_Storage_Working_Group
Cross-platform instant messaging service
Linux, Wear OS, watchOS and web browsers. Telegram offers end-to-end encryption in voice and video calls, and optionally in private chats if both participants
Telegram_(software)
Method for dividing a secret among multiple parties
for encryption are ill-suited for simultaneously achieving high levels of confidentiality and reliability. This is because when storing the encryption key
Secret_sharing
Encryption technique
The one-time pad (OTP), also known as the Vernam cipher, is an encryption technique that cannot be cracked in cryptography. It requires the use of a single-use
One-time_pad
German cipher machine during World War II
positions, although it did not move during encryption. In the Abwehr Enigma, the reflector stepped during encryption in a manner similar to the other wheels
Enigma_machine
Cryptographic algorithm
can only occur in plaintexts longer than one block. To implement CTS encryption or decryption for data of unknown length, the implementation must delay
Ciphertext_stealing
Cryptographic key management scheme
on the TDEA encryption algorithm and is described in the Appendix C of ANSI X9.24-3-2017. DUKPT allows the processing of the encryption to be moved away
Derived unique key per transaction
Derived_unique_key_per_transaction
Algorithm for public key cryptography
the public key and the encryption of m 1 {\displaystyle m_{1}} and m 2 {\displaystyle m_{2}} , one can compute the encryption of m 1 + m 2 {\displaystyle
Paillier_cryptosystem
Cryptographic network protocol
the telnet user. Secure Shell mitigates this risk through the use of encryption mechanisms that are intended to hide the contents of the transmission
Secure_Shell
Topics referred to by the same term
multiple locks Master Key, a pricing game on The Price Is Right Knight's Armament Company Masterkey, a door breaching shotgun One of the encryption keys
Master_key
Quantum-safe key encapsulation mechanism
memory can be sufficient for the cryptographic operations. For a chat encryption scenario using liboqs, replacing the extremely efficient, non-quantum-safe
ML-KEM
Security profile for Real-time Transport Protocol
a profile for Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) intended to provide encryption, message authentication and integrity, and replay attack protection to
Secure Real-time Transport Protocol
Secure_Real-time_Transport_Protocol
Group of public-key cryptography standards
(2000). "New Attacks on PKCS #1 v1.5 Encryption" (PDF). EUROCRYPT. pp. 369–381.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) About PKCS
PKCS
TLS extension to serve multiple HTTPS sites
1.3 protocol extension defined in RFC 9849 in March 2026 that enables encryption of the whole Client Hello message, which is sent during the early stage
Server_Name_Indication
Non-profit certificate authority
(ISRG) that provides X.509 certificates for Transport Layer Security (TLS) encryption without charging fees. It is the world's largest certificate authority
Let's_Encrypt
Proxy re-encryption (PRE) schemes are cryptosystems which allow third parties (proxies) to alter a ciphertext which has been encrypted for one party, so
Proxy_re-encryption
Type of functions designed for being unsolvable by root-finding algorithms
brute-force encrypted data to discover the rest of the encryption parameters and deduce the master encryption key used to encrypt web sessions or virtual private
Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator
Cryptographically_secure_pseudorandom_number_generator
American software company
software company that provides discovery, classification, masking and encryption software, along with data compression software. The company is headquartered
PKWare
American video communications company
next month, Zoom acquired Keybase, a company specializing in end-to-end encryption, and in June, the company hired its first chief diversity officer, Damien
Zoom_Communications
File encryption software
users to back up their data and synchronize it across multiple devices. NordLocker is an encryption software with cloud integration. The software uses so
NordLocker
Encryption protocol
CipherSaber is a simple symmetric encryption protocol based on the RC4 stream cipher. Its goals are both technical and political: it gives reasonably strong
CipherSaber
Computer network management and monitoring protocol
may consider their internal network to be sufficiently secure that no encryption is necessary for its SNMP messages. In such cases, the community name
Simple Network Management Protocol
Simple_Network_Management_Protocol
Password management software
2026-05-29. "Security and Data Encryption". "Enpass Security Whitepaper" (PDF). Benedict Collins (2025-08-22). "Multiple top password managers vulnerable
Enpass
Database encryption method
column level encryption is different from other encryption methods like file level encryption, disk encryption, and database encryption, a basic understanding
Column_level_encryption
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