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Form of cryptanalysis
In cryptography, linear cryptanalysis is a general form of cryptanalysis based on finding affine approximations to the action of a cipher. Attacks have
Linear_cryptanalysis
General form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers
Differential cryptanalysis is a general form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers, but also to stream ciphers and cryptographic hash
Differential_cryptanalysis
Study of analyzing information systems in order to discover their hidden aspects
Differential cryptanalysis Harvest now, decrypt later Impossible differential cryptanalysis Improbable differential cryptanalysis Integral cryptanalysis Linear cryptanalysis
Cryptanalysis
Form of cryptanalysis
Langford in 1994, the differential-linear attack is a mix of both linear cryptanalysis and differential cryptanalysis. The attack utilises a differential
Differential-linear_attack
Early unclassified symmetric-key block cipher
chosen-plaintext variant of linear cryptanalysis. Junod performed several experiments to determine the actual time complexity of linear cryptanalysis, and reported
Data_Encryption_Standard
Technique in cryptography
cryptanalysis is a form of cryptanalysis for block ciphers. Developed by Carlo Harpes in 1995, the attack is a generalization of linear cryptanalysis
Partitioning_cryptanalysis
Block cipher
susceptible to various forms of cryptanalysis, and has acted as a catalyst in the discovery of differential and linear cryptanalysis. There have been several
FEAL
Type of cipher
sizes. A linear cryptanalysis is a form of cryptanalysis based on finding affine approximations to the action of a cipher. Linear cryptanalysis is one of
Block_cipher
Principle used in linear cryptanalysis
In cryptanalysis, the piling-up lemma is a principle used in linear cryptanalysis to construct linear approximations to the action of block ciphers. It
Piling-up_lemma
Block cipher
also increases the strength of DES against differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis, although the improvement is much smaller than in the case
DES-X
Repeated basic operation in a cryptosystem
number of rounds "almost always" protects against differential and linear cryptanalysis, as for these tools the effort grows exponentially with the number
Round_(cryptography)
Block cipher
theory, designed to be provably secure against differential cryptanalysis, linear cryptanalysis, and even certain types of undiscovered cryptanalytic attacks
COCONUT98
Attacks against common ciphers
Rechberger (2011-08-17). "Biclique Cryptanalysis of the Full AES". Cryptology ePrint Archive. Vincent Rijmen (1997). "Cryptanalysis and Design of Iterated Block
Cipher_security_summary
Israeli cryptographer and cryptanalyst (born 1960)
www.iacr.org. Biham, E., & Perle, S. (2018). Conditional Linear Cryptanalysis – Cryptanalysis of DES with Less Than 242 Complexity. IACR Transactions on
Eli_Biham
Japanese cryptographer (born 1961)
differential cryptanalysis, and discovered the technique of linear cryptanalysis, published in 1993. Differential and linear cryptanalysis are the two
Mitsuru_Matsui
Attack applicable to block and stream ciphers
cryptography, mod n cryptanalysis is an attack applicable to block and stream ciphers. It is a form of partitioning cryptanalysis that exploits unevenness
Mod_n_cryptanalysis
Block cipher
attack by Eli Biham, Orr Dunkelman and Nathan Keller presents a linear cryptanalysis attack that breaks 10 of 32 rounds of Serpent-128 with 2118 known
Serpent_(cipher)
Block cipher
this, together with the cipher's not having been designed to resist linear cryptanalysis, meant that other designs were pursued instead, such as 3-Way. MMB
MMB_(cipher)
Family of block ciphers
Springer-Verlag, 1994. Lars R. Knudsen, M. J. B. Robshaw, "Non-linear Approximations in Linear Cryptanalysis", in Advances in Cryptology – Eurocrypt'96, LNCS 1070
LOKI
Block cipher
decorrelation theory to be provably secure against ordinary differential and linear cryptanalysis, in 1999 Lars Knudsen and Vincent Rijmen presented a differential
DFC_(cipher)
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
sought will have been found. But this may not be enough assurance; a linear cryptanalysis attack against DES requires 243 known plaintexts (with their corresponding
Cryptography
Block cipher
XOR, modular addition, and bit rotation. It has been shown that linear cryptanalysis can break NUSH with less effort than a brute force attack. Lars Knudsen
NUSH
Block cipher
rounds is susceptible to linear cryptanalysis, and a reduced version of 5 rounds is susceptible to differential cryptanalysis. In 2014, Alex Biryukov and
SC2000
Method of designing block ciphers
block ciphers to be provably secure against differential cryptanalysis, linear cryptanalysis, and even undiscovered cryptanalytic attacks meeting certain
Decorrelation_theory
Cryptographic algorithm
known-plaintext attacks, chosen-plaintext attacks, differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis. Careful construction of the functions for each round can
Symmetric-key_algorithm
Function returning one of only two values
immune to that order. The Walsh coefficients play a key role in linear cryptanalysis. The autocorrelation of a Boolean function is a k-ary integer-valued
Boolean_function
Special type of Boolean function
a bent function by an affine (linear) function is hard, a useful property in the defence against linear cryptanalysis. In addition, detecting a change
Bent_function
Block cipher
as a source of "nothing up my sleeve numbers". Q is vulnerable to linear cryptanalysis; Keliher, Meijer, and Tavares have an attack that succeeds with 98
Q_(cipher)
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
and Dmitry Khovratovich, Related-key Cryptanalysis of the Full AES-192 and AES-256, "Related-key Cryptanalysis of the Full AES-192 and AES-256". Table
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
Block cipher
MBAL has been shown to be susceptible to both differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis. Schneier, Bruce (1996). Applied Cryptography (2nd ed.)
SXAL/MBAL
cryptography standards as PKCS and IEEE P1363, the extension of linear cryptanalysis to use multiple approximations, and the design of the block cipher
Burt_Kaliski
Substitution box used in the Rijndael cipher
designed to be resistant to linear and differential cryptanalysis. This was done by minimizing the correlation between linear transformations of input/output
Rijndael_S-box
Family of cryptographic hash functions
problem for a subset of the problem space. For example, there exists a linearization method that can be used to produce collisions of in a matter of seconds
Fast_syndrome-based_hash
Block cipher
2000[update], the best published cryptanalysis of the Twofish block cipher is a truncated differential cryptanalysis of the full 16-round version. The
Twofish
Cryptographic algorithm
PRESENT was suggested in 2014. Several full-round attacks using biclique cryptanalysis have been introduced on PRESENT. By design all block ciphers with a
PRESENT
Block cipher
showing that they are likely resistant to both differential and linear cryptanalysis. ISO/IEC9979-0019 Register Entry (PDF), registered 6 July 1998 (includes
CIPHERUNICORN-E
Basic component of symmetric key algorithms
S-box. S-boxes can be analyzed using linear cryptanalysis and differential cryptanalysis in the form of a Linear approximation table (LAT) or Walsh transform
S-box
Family of lightweight block ciphers
this was included to block slide and rotational cryptanalysis attacks. Still, rotational-XOR cryptanalysis has been used to find distinguishers against reduced-round
Simon_(cipher)
Block cipher
ISBN 978-3-540-63696-0. Bogdanov, Andrey; Wang, Meiqin (2012). "Zero Correlation Linear Cryptanalysis with Reduced Data Complexity". Fast Software Encryption (PDF). Lecture
Tiny_Encryption_Algorithm
Type of cryptanalytic attack
against block ciphers. After the two attacks, differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis, were presented on block ciphers, some new block ciphers
Interpolation_attack
Cryptanalytic attacks using a system of multivariate equations
Algebraic attack is a method of algebraic cryptanalysis by which a set of algebraic equations can be used to solve a cryptographic Boolean function that
Algebraic_attack
Block cipher
cipher cryptanalysis" (PDF). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) Posteuca, R.; Negara, G. (2015). "Integral cryptanalysis of round-reduced
Prince_(cipher)
Cryptographic technique
showing that they are likely resistant to both differential and linear cryptanalysis. Matt Robshaw (14 December 2001). "A Cryptographic Review of CIPHERUNICORN-A"
CIPHERUNICORN-A
Type of shift register in computing
distributed output streams. However, an LFSR is a linear system, leading to fairly easy cryptanalysis. For example, given a stretch of known plaintext
Linear-feedback shift register
Linear-feedback_shift_register
Attack against cryptographic algorithms
differential cryptanalysis. The term "rotational cryptanalysis" was coined by Dmitry Khovratovich and Ivica Nikolić in 2010 paper "Rotational Cryptanalysis of ARX"
Rotational_cryptanalysis
Topics referred to by the same term
also a solution Linear code, an error-correcting code for which any linear combination of codewords is also a codeword Linear cryptanalysis, a method of
Linear_(disambiguation)
Cryptographer
notable work includes the cryptanalysis of a number of cryptographic primitives, including the extension of linear cryptanalysis to use multiple approximations
Matt_Robshaw
Problem of determining if a Boolean formula could be made true
ISBN 0-201-00029-6. Massacci, Fabio; Marraro, Laura (2000-02-01). "Logical Cryptanalysis as a SAT Problem". Journal of Automated Reasoning. 24 (1): 165–203.
Boolean satisfiability problem
Boolean_satisfiability_problem
Differential cryptanalysis Impossible differential cryptanalysis Integral cryptanalysis Linear cryptanalysis Meet-in-the-middle attack Mod-n cryptanalysis Related-key
Outline_of_cryptography
Theoretical attack on block ciphers
In cryptography, the eXtended Sparse Linearization (XSL) attack is a method of cryptanalysis for block ciphers. The attack was first published in 2002
XSL_attack
Block cipher
Differential Cryptanalysis of CLEFIA". Retrieved 25 October 2010. Cihangir Tezcan (8 August 2010). "The Improbable Differential Attack: Cryptanalysis of Reduced
CLEFIA
Block cipher
Springer-Verlag 1999. Wenling Wu, Bao Li, Denguo Feng, Sihan Qing, "Linear cryptanalysis of LOKI97", Journal of Software, vol 11 no 2, pp 202–6, Feb 2000
LOKI97
Block cipher
than exhaustive search) within months using impossible differential cryptanalysis. A truncated differential attack was also published against 28 rounds
Skipjack_(cipher)
Block cipher
rotated 56 bits for use in the next two rounds. Only a small amount of cryptanalysis has been published on NewDES. The designer showed that NewDES exhibits
NewDES
"TSC-3". ECRYPT. Retrieved 2024-02-02. Muller, F., Peyrin, T. (2005). Linear Cryptanalysis of the TSC Family of Stream Ciphers. In: Roy, B. (eds) Advances in
TSC-3
Block cipher
KeeLoq is a proprietary hardware-dedicated block cipher that uses a non-linear feedback shift register (NLFSR). The uni-directional command transfer protocol
KeeLoq
Switching lemma Forking lemma Leftover hash lemma Piling-up lemma (linear cryptanalysis) Yao's XOR lemma Interchange lemma Newman's lemma (term rewriting)
List_of_lemmas
Block cipher
Youngdai; Chang, Donghoon; Lee, Wonil; Lee, Sangjin (2004). "Differential Cryptanalysis of TEA and XTEA". In Lim, JI.; Lee, DH. (eds.). Information Security
XTEA
Topics referred to by the same term
electronics, a circuit with an inductor and a capacitor Linear cryptanalysis, a form of cryptanalysis Lines of code Logic cell, in Field-programmable gate
LC
integral cryptanalysis. Paul Kocher, US, discovered differential power analysis. Mitsuru Matsui, Japan, discoverer of linear cryptanalysis. Kenny Paterson
List_of_cryptographers
Retrieved 1 Jun 2022. Mukherjee, Chandra Sekhar; Dibyendu Roy; Subhamoy Maitra (2021). Design and Cryptanalysis of ZUC. Springer. ISBN 9789813348820. v t e
ZUC_stream_cipher
Digital rights management system used for DVD Video discs
DVD copy protection schemes Stevenson, Frank A. (November 8, 1999). "Cryptanalysis of Contents Scrambling System". DVD-Copy. Archived from the original
Content_Scramble_System
Block cipher
to a range of attacks, including differential cryptanalysis, linear cryptanalysis and mod n cryptanalysis. "ISO/IEC9979-0020 Register Entry" (PDF). Professor
M8_(cipher)
Israeli cryptographer and cryptanalyst
and at the Weizmann Institute of Science. Among his contributions to cryptanalysis are: Dissection attack – joint work with Itai Dinur, Nathan Keller,
Orr_Dunkelman
Block cipher
"Cryptanalysis of the Improved Cellular Message Encryption Algorithm" (PDF). The attack on CMEA Press release and the NSA response Cryptanalysis of
Cellular Message Encryption Algorithm
Cellular_Message_Encryption_Algorithm
Family of block ciphers
this was included to block slide and rotational cryptanalysis attacks. Still, rotational-XOR cryptanalysis has been used to find distinguishers against reduced-round
Speck_(cipher)
Israeli cryptographer (born 1952)
differential cryptanalysis in the late 1980s, a general method for attacking block ciphers. It later emerged that differential cryptanalysis was already
Adi_Shamir
Limit of a function approaching a value point from values below or above the value point
August 2021. Hasan, Osman; Khayam, Syed (2014-01-02). "Towards Formal Linear Cryptanalysis using HOL4" (PDF). Journal of Universal Computer Science. 20 (2):
One-sided_limit
Soviet/Russian national standard block cipher
Kara (2008). "Reflection Cryptanalysis of Some Ciphers". Nicolas T. Courtois; Michał Miształ (2011). "Differential Cryptanalysis of GOST". IACR. Nicolas
GOST_(block_cipher)
Rediscovery of a language or script's meaning
and Linear B using data from similar languages, in this case Hebrew and Ancient Greek. In recent years, the fields of decipherment and cryptanalysis have
Decipherment
Block cipher
Ko; Deukjo Hong; Seokhie Hong; Sangjin Lee & Jongin Lim (2003). "Linear Cryptanalysis on SPECTR-H64 with Higher Order Differential Property". Computer
Spectr-H64
churning "offers a low level of protection for data confidentiality". Cryptanalysis had shown that "the churning cipher is robustly weak". Churning uses
Churning_(cipher)
Type of cryptanalytic attack
NXT). Unlike differential cryptanalysis, which uses pairs of chosen plaintexts with a fixed XOR difference, integral cryptanalysis uses sets or even multisets
Integral_cryptanalysis
Variant of the meet-in-the-middle method of cryptanalysis
of cryptanalysis. It utilizes a biclique structure to extend the number of possibly attacked rounds by the MITM attack. Since biclique cryptanalysis is
Biclique_attack
Properties of the operation of a secure cipher
together to thwart the application of statistics, and other methods of cryptanalysis. Confusion in a symmetric cipher is obscuring the local correlation
Confusion_and_diffusion
Block cipher
Blowfish provides a good encryption rate in software, and no effective cryptanalysis of it has been found to date for smaller files. It is recommended Blowfish
Blowfish_(cipher)
Algorithm that calculates all the round keys from the key
key schedule plays a part in providing strength against linear and differential cryptanalysis. For toy Feistel ciphers, it was observed that those with
Key_schedule
Block cipher
{\displaystyle F[k](a_{1},a_{0})=(HNAdd_{2}[k](a_{1})\oplus a_{0},a_{1}).} Non-linear transformation is given by substituting S = Bin8 S' Bin8−1. Values of the
Kuznyechik
Type of error-correcting code
For other decoding algorithms, see. Private information retrieval Linear cryptanalysis Sergey Yekhanin. "Locally decodable codes: a brief survey" (PDF)
Locally_decodable_code
Type of symmetric key cipher
(link) Côme Berbain; Henri Gilbert; Alexander Maximov (2006-01-02). "Cryptanalysis of Grain" (PDF). eSTREAM. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-10-11
Stream_cipher
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack Algebraic Cube attack Gröbner attack Linear (Piling-up
Galois/Counter_Mode
Exploitation of impossible differences in block ciphers
impossible differential cryptanalysis is a form of differential cryptanalysis for block ciphers. While ordinary differential cryptanalysis tracks differences
Impossible differential cryptanalysis
Impossible_differential_cryptanalysis
English computer scientist (1912–1954)
machine, a model of a general-purpose computer, and his contributions to cryptanalysis helped the Allies of World War II decipher messages encrypted by the
Alan_Turing
Chinese block cipher
Corporation. December 2024. p. 1-3. Retrieved 2 February 2025. Linear and Differential Cryptanalysis of Reduced SMS4 Block Cipher Example of SMS4 implemented
SM4_(cipher)
Stream cipher
(Real-Time) Cryptanalysis of A5/2. Rump session of Crypto'99, 1999. Barkam, Elad; Biham, Eli; Keller, Nathan (2008), "Instant Ciphertext-Only Cryptanalysis of
A5/2
Feistel network based block cipher
Sangjin; Lim, Jongin; Yoon, Seonhee (2001). "Truncated differential cryptanalysis of Camellia". In Kim, Kwangjo (ed.). Information Security and Cryptology
Camellia_(cipher)
Form of cryptanalysis
the boomerang attack is a method for the cryptanalysis of block ciphers based on differential cryptanalysis. The attack was published in 1999 by David
Boomerang_attack
Block cipher
chosen-plaintext attack requiring 259 queries and negligible work. See cryptanalysis below. The cipher's designers were Roger Needham and David Wheeler of
XXTEA
• CRHF • Crib (cryptanalysis) • Crowds (anonymity network) • Crypt (C) • Cryptanalysis • Cryptanalysis of the Enigma • Cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher
Index of cryptography articles
Index_of_cryptography_articles
Block cipher
From Differential Cryptanalysis to Ciphertext-Only Attacks. CRYPTO. pp. 72–88. Ken Shirriff (October 1995). "Differential Cryptanalysis of Madryga". {{cite
Madryga
Computational hardness assumption
The Decision Linear assumption (DLIN assumption) is a computational hardness assumption used in elliptic curve cryptography. In particular, the DLIN assumption
Decision_Linear_assumption
Block cipher
best public cryptanalysis of CAST-256 in the standard single secret key setting that works for all keys is the zero-correlation cryptanalysis breaking 28
CAST-256
Stream cipher
used to facilitate the linear cryptanalysis of MUGI with two main objectives: to reconstruct the secret key and to find linear statistical distinguishers
MUGI
Block cipher designed in 2000 by Chang-Hyi Lee
SHARK. Zodiac is theoretically vulnerable to impossible differential cryptanalysis, which can recover a 128-bit key in 2119 encryptions. Zodiac Technical
Zodiac_(cipher)
Symmetric-key block cipher
strength against differential cryptanalysis and concluded that it is immune under certain assumptions. No successful linear or algebraic weaknesses have
International Data Encryption Algorithm
International_Data_Encryption_Algorithm
Block cipher
Feistel network. MISTY1 claims to be provably secure against linear and differential cryptanalysis. KASUMI is a successor of the MISTY1 cipher which was supposed
MISTY1
Substitution cipher based on linear algebra
cryptography, the Hill cipher is a polygraphic substitution cipher based on linear algebra. Invented by Lester S. Hill in 1929, it was the first polygraphic
Hill_cipher
1998 esoteric programming language
Andrew Cooke and implemented in Lisp. Later, Lou Scheffer posted a cryptanalysis of Malbolge and provided a program to copy its input to its output.
Malbolge
Belgian cryptographer (born 1965)
subsequently joined the COSIC research group, and has worked on the design and cryptanalysis of block ciphers, stream ciphers and cryptographic hash functions. Daemen
Joan_Daemen
Complex Soviet pencil and paper cipher
ciphers, in practice messages protected by it resisted all attempts at cryptanalysis by at least the NSA from its discovery in 1953 until Häyhänen's defection
VIC_cipher
travel, tourism, insurance
LINEAR CRYPTANALYSIS
LINEAR CRYPTANALYSIS
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LINEAR CRYPTANALYSIS
LINEAR CRYPTANALYSIS
LINEAR CRYPTANALYSIS
LINEAR CRYPTANALYSIS
LINEAR CRYPTANALYSIS
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