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Type of cryptanalytic attack
In cryptography, integral cryptanalysis is a cryptanalytic attack that is particularly applicable to block ciphers based on substitution–permutation networks
Integral_cryptanalysis
Study of analyzing information systems in order to discover their hidden aspects
Differential cryptanalysis Harvest now, decrypt later Impossible differential cryptanalysis Improbable differential cryptanalysis Integral cryptanalysis Linear
Cryptanalysis
Type of cipher
truncated differential cryptanalysis, partial differential cryptanalysis, integral cryptanalysis, which encompasses square and integral attacks, slide attacks
Block_cipher
General form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers
Differential cryptanalysis is a general form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers, but also to stream ciphers and cryptographic hash
Differential_cryptanalysis
Block cipher
However, it was successfully broken in 2015 by Yosuke Todo using integral cryptanalysis; this attack was improved in the same year by Achiya Bar-On. "MISTY"
MISTY1
Attacks against common ciphers
Rechberger (2011-08-17). "Biclique Cryptanalysis of the Full AES". Cryptology ePrint Archive. Vincent Rijmen (1997). "Cryptanalysis and Design of Iterated Block
Cipher_security_summary
Block cipher
2000[update], the best published cryptanalysis of the Twofish block cipher is a truncated differential cryptanalysis of the full 16-round version. The
Twofish
Differential cryptanalysis Impossible differential cryptanalysis Integral cryptanalysis Linear cryptanalysis Meet-in-the-middle attack Mod-n cryptanalysis Related-key
Outline_of_cryptography
Early unclassified symmetric-key block cipher
less complexity than a brute-force search: differential cryptanalysis (DC), linear cryptanalysis (LC), and Davies' attack. However, the attacks are theoretical
Data_Encryption_Standard
Family of block ciphers
key and some subkeys. There has also been some success applying integral cryptanalysis to reduced-round Hierocrypt variants; attacks faster than exhaustive
Hierocrypt
Block cipher
Youngdai; Chang, Donghoon; Lee, Wonil; Lee, Sangjin (2004). "Differential Cryptanalysis of TEA and XTEA". In Lim, JI.; Lee, DH. (eds.). Information Security
XTEA
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
letter, a syllable, or a pair of letters, etc.) to produce a cyphertext. Cryptanalysis is the term used for the study of methods for obtaining the meaning
Cryptography
Form of cryptanalysis
In cryptography, linear cryptanalysis is a general form of cryptanalysis based on finding affine approximations to the action of a cipher. Attacks have
Linear_cryptanalysis
discovered integral cryptanalysis. Paul Kocher, US, discovered differential power analysis. Mitsuru Matsui, Japan, discoverer of linear cryptanalysis. Kenny
List_of_cryptographers
Block cipher
than exhaustive search) within months using impossible differential cryptanalysis. A truncated differential attack was also published against 28 rounds
Skipjack_(cipher)
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
and Dmitry Khovratovich, Related-key Cryptanalysis of the Full AES-192 and AES-256, "Related-key Cryptanalysis of the Full AES-192 and AES-256". Table
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
Block cipher
cipher cryptanalysis" (PDF). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) Posteuca, R.; Negara, G. (2015). "Integral cryptanalysis of round-reduced
Prince_(cipher)
differential cryptanalysis. The term "rotational cryptanalysis" was coined by Dmitry Khovratovich and Ivica Nikolić in 2010 paper "Rotational Cryptanalysis of ARX"
Rotational_cryptanalysis
Block cipher
rotated 56 bits for use in the next two rounds. Only a small amount of cryptanalysis has been published on NewDES. The designer showed that NewDES exhibits
NewDES
German cryptographer (born 1964)
cipher outside the Square family, thus generalising the attack into integral cryptanalysis. He has also co-authored attacks on AES, LEVIATHAN, and the E0 cipher
Stefan_Lucks
Danish cryptologist, computer scientist (born 1962)
He introduced the technique of impossible differential cryptanalysis and integral cryptanalysis. Knudsen is a co-founder of the communications companies
Lars_Ramkilde_Knudsen
Family of block ciphers
this was included to block slide and rotational cryptanalysis attacks. Still, rotational-XOR cryptanalysis has been used to find distinguishers against reduced-round
Speck_(cipher)
Soviet/Russian national standard block cipher
Kara (2008). "Reflection Cryptanalysis of Some Ciphers". Nicolas T. Courtois; Michał Miształ (2011). "Differential Cryptanalysis of GOST". IACR. Nicolas
GOST_(block_cipher)
Family of lightweight block ciphers
this was included to block slide and rotational cryptanalysis attacks. Still, rotational-XOR cryptanalysis has been used to find distinguishers against reduced-round
Simon_(cipher)
Basic component of symmetric key algorithms
perfect S-box. S-boxes can be analyzed using linear cryptanalysis and differential cryptanalysis in the form of a Linear approximation table (LAT) or
S-box
Exploitation of impossible differences in block ciphers
impossible differential cryptanalysis is a form of differential cryptanalysis for block ciphers. While ordinary differential cryptanalysis tracks differences
Impossible differential cryptanalysis
Impossible_differential_cryptanalysis
Block cipher
Wenling; Zhang Wentao; Feng Dengguo (25 August 2005). "Improved Integral Cryptanalysis of FOX Block Cipher". Cryptology ePrint Archive. "IDEA NXT Technical
IDEA_NXT
Block cipher
chosen-plaintext attack requiring 259 queries and negligible work. See cryptanalysis below. The cipher's designers were Roger Needham and David Wheeler of
XXTEA
Algorithm
known-plaintext attacks, chosen-plaintext attacks, differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis. Careful construction of the functions for each round can
Symmetric-key_algorithm
Cryptographic algorithm
PRESENT was suggested in 2014. Several full-round attacks using biclique cryptanalysis have been introduced on PRESENT. By design all block ciphers with a
PRESENT
• CRHF • Crib (cryptanalysis) • Crowds (anonymity network) • Crypt (C) • Cryptanalysis • Cryptanalysis of the Enigma • Cryptanalysis of the Lorenz cipher
Index of cryptography articles
Index_of_cryptography_articles
Digital copy protection
feature like Intel Management Engine disabled, HDCP will not work. Cryptanalysis researchers demonstrated flaws in HDCP as early as 2001. In September
High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection
High-bandwidth_Digital_Content_Protection
Block cipher
susceptible to various forms of cryptanalysis, and has acted as a catalyst in the discovery of differential and linear cryptanalysis. There have been several
FEAL
Form of cryptanalaysis
In cryptography, truncated differential cryptanalysis is a generalization of differential cryptanalysis, an attack against block ciphers. Lars Knudsen
Truncated differential cryptanalysis
Truncated_differential_cryptanalysis
Block cipher
Code Hopping Transponder and Encoder..." Martin Novotny; Timo Kasper. "Cryptanalysis of KeeLoq with COPACOBANA" (PDF). SHARCS 2009 Conference: 159–164. {{cite
KeeLoq
Block cipher
best public cryptanalysis of CAST-256 in the standard single secret key setting that works for all keys is the zero-correlation cryptanalysis breaking 28
CAST-256
Block cipher
Blowfish provides a good encryption rate in software, and no effective cryptanalysis of it has been found to date for smaller files. It is recommended Blowfish
Blowfish_(cipher)
Block cipher
slices. This maximizes parallelism but also allows use of the extensive cryptanalysis work performed on DES. Serpent took a conservative approach to security
Serpent_(cipher)
Block cipher
to a range of attacks, including differential cryptanalysis, linear cryptanalysis and mod n cryptanalysis. "ISO/IEC9979-0020 Register Entry" (PDF). Professor
M8_(cipher)
Block cipher
Kelsey, John; Schneier, Bruce; Wagner, David (1997). "Related-key cryptanalysis of 3-WAY, Biham-DES, CAST, DES-X, NewDES, RC2, and TEA". Information
Tiny_Encryption_Algorithm
Technique in cryptography
cryptanalysis is a form of cryptanalysis for block ciphers. Developed by Carlo Harpes in 1995, the attack is a generalization of linear cryptanalysis
Partitioning_cryptanalysis
Cryptographic attack
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
Timing_attack
Authenticated encryption mode
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
Galois/Counter_Mode
Attack applicable to block and stream ciphers
cryptography, mod n cryptanalysis is an attack applicable to block and stream ciphers. It is a form of partitioning cryptanalysis that exploits unevenness
Mod_n_cryptanalysis
Block cipher
Deukjo Hong; Seokhie Hong; Sangjin Lee & Jongin Lim (2003). "Linear Cryptanalysis on SPECTR-H64 with Higher Order Differential Property". Computer Network
Spectr-H64
Earliest civilian block ciphers
blocks and 128-bit keys. This version is susceptible to differential cryptanalysis; for about half the keys, the cipher can be broken with 236 chosen plaintexts
Lucifer_(cipher)
Block cipher
component, and flaws in them are what both differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis seek to exploit. While Madryga's rotations are data-dependent
Madryga
Adding data to a message prior to encryption to hide its length
letters for this purpose has a side benefit of making some kinds of cryptanalysis more difficult. Most modern cryptographic hash functions process messages
Padding_(cryptography)
Block cipher
network Block sizes 128 bits Structure Substitution–permutation network Rounds 10 Best public cryptanalysis A meet-in-the-middle attack on 5 rounds.
Kuznyechik
Variant of the meet-in-the-middle method of cryptanalysis
of cryptanalysis. It utilizes a biclique structure to extend the number of possibly attacked rounds by the MITM attack. Since biclique cryptanalysis is
Biclique_attack
Family of authenticated ciphers
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
Ascon_(cipher)
Block cipher
Structure Feistel network Rounds 48 DES-equivalent rounds Best public cryptanalysis Lucks: 232 known plaintexts, 2113 operations including 290 DES encryptions
Triple_DES
Input to a cryptographic primitive
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
Initialization_vector
Block cipher
structure, known as Generalized Unbalanced Feistel Networks (GUFNs). The cryptanalysis proceeded very quickly, so quickly that the cipher was broken at the
MacGuffin_(cipher)
Block cipher
Red Pike Biryukov, Alex; Kushilevitz, Eyal (31 May 1998). Improved Cryptanalysis of RC5 (PDF). EUROCRYPT 1998. doi:10.1007/BFb0054119. Rivest, R. L.
RC5
Implementations of Advanced Encryption Standard
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
AES_implementations
Symmetric-key block cipher
designers analysed IDEA to measure its strength against differential cryptanalysis and concluded that it is immune under certain assumptions. No successful
International Data Encryption Algorithm
International_Data_Encryption_Algorithm
Family of block ciphers
Following the publication of LOKI89, information on the new differential cryptanalysis became available, as well as some early analysis results by (Knudsen
LOKI
Block cipher
also increases the strength of DES against differential cryptanalysis and linear cryptanalysis, although the improvement is much smaller than in the case
DES-X
Process of developing the AES standard
memory, low gate count implementations, FPGAs). Some designs fell due to cryptanalysis that ranged from minor flaws to significant attacks, while others lost
Advanced Encryption Standard process
Advanced_Encryption_Standard_process
Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data
ISBN 1-932266-65-8. Diffie, W.; Hellman, M.E. (1977). "Exhaustive Cryptanalysis of the NBS Data Encryption Standard". Computer. 10: 74–84. doi:10.1109/c-m
Brute-force_attack
Form of cryptanalysis
the boomerang attack is a method for the cryptanalysis of block ciphers based on differential cryptanalysis. The attack was published in 1999 by David
Boomerang_attack
Block cipher
"Cryptanalysis of the Improved Cellular Message Encryption Algorithm" (PDF). The attack on CMEA Press release and the NSA response Cryptanalysis of
Cellular Message Encryption Algorithm
Cellular_Message_Encryption_Algorithm
Block cipher designed in 2000 by Chang-Hyi Lee
SHARK. Zodiac is theoretically vulnerable to impossible differential cryptanalysis, which can recover a 128-bit key in 2119 encryptions. Zodiac Technical
Zodiac_(cipher)
Authenticated encryption mode with resistance against nonce reuse
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
AES-GCM-SIV
Type of cryptanalytic attack
cryptanalysis is a generalization of differential cryptanalysis, an attack used against block ciphers. While in standard differential cryptanalysis the
Higher-order differential cryptanalysis
Higher-order_differential_cryptanalysis
Algorithm that calculates all the round keys from the key
the cipher key and the round keys, in order to resist such forms of cryptanalysis as related-key attacks and slide attacks, many modern ciphers use more
Key_schedule
Block cipher
algorithms; Document 2: Kasumi specification". 3GPP. 2009. Kühn, Ulrich. Cryptanalysis of Reduced Round MISTY. EUROCRYPT 2001. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.59.7609. Elad
KASUMI
Block cipher
Differential Cryptanalysis of CLEFIA". Retrieved 25 October 2010. Cihangir Tezcan (8 August 2010). "The Improbable Differential Attack: Cryptanalysis of Reduced
CLEFIA
Generic space–time tradeoff cryptographic attack
a repetition of the same block cipher The MD-MITM has been used for cryptanalysis of, among many, the GOST block cipher, where it has been shown that
Meet-in-the-middle_attack
Theoretical attack on block ciphers
known plaintexts to perform; previous methods of cryptanalysis, such as linear and differential cryptanalysis, often require unrealistically large numbers
XSL_attack
Covariance and correlation
recognition, single particle analysis, electron tomography, averaging, cryptanalysis, and neurophysiology. The cross-correlation is similar in nature to
Cross-correlation
Block cipher
3-Way, just as its counterpart BaseKing, is vulnerable to related key cryptanalysis. John Kelsey, Bruce Schneier, and David Wagner showed how it can be
3-Way
Principle used in linear cryptanalysis
In cryptanalysis, the piling-up lemma is a principle used in linear cryptanalysis to construct linear approximations to the action of block ciphers. It
Piling-up_lemma
Cryptography construction
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
Feistel_cipher
Chinese block cipher
December 2024. p. 1-3. Retrieved 2 February 2025. Linear and Differential Cryptanalysis of Reduced SMS4 Block Cipher Example of SMS4 implemented as a Spreadsheet
SM4_(cipher)
Block cipher
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
MULTI2
Family of block ciphers
attack on one round, and Biham and Shamir (1991) used differential cryptanalysis to attack one round with 2300 encryptions. Biham and Shamir also found
REDOC
Block cipher used by the 4C Entity
Julia; Knudsen, Lars R.; Leander, Gregor; Matusiewicz, Krystian (2009). "Cryptanalysis of C2". Advances in Cryptology - CRYPTO 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer
Cryptomeria_cipher
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
CCM_mode
Study of discrete mathematical structures
general, particularly integers. It has applications to cryptography and cryptanalysis, particularly with regard to modular arithmetic, diophantine equations
Discrete_mathematics
Wide-block cipher
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
Adiantum_(cipher)
Authenticated encryption mode of operation for block ciphers
"OCB: Background". Akiko Inoue and Kazuhiko Minematsu (2018-10-26). "Cryptanalysis of OCB2". Bertram Poettering (2018-11-08). "Breaking the confidentiality
OCB_mode
Ability to easily switch cryptographic primitives
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
Cryptographic_agility
Block cypher operating mode
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
Xor–encrypt–xor
Block cipher
n=(280-1)·2176+157 Borisov, et al., using a multiplicative form of differential cryptanalysis, found a complementation property for any variant of xmx, like the first
Xmx
Block cipher
Biham and Adi Shamir showed that GDES was vulnerable to differential cryptanalysis, and that any GDES variant faster than DES is also less secure than
GDES
Type of cryptographic attack
In cryptography, a related-key attack is any form of cryptanalysis where the attacker can observe the operation of a cipher under several different keys
Related-key_attack
Block cipher
Wenling Wu; Wentao Zhang; Dengguo Feng (2006). "Impossible Differential Cryptanalysis of ARIA and Camellia". Cryptology ePrint Archive. Retrieved January
ARIA_(cipher)
Form of cryptanalysis
the differential-linear attack is a mix of both linear cryptanalysis and differential cryptanalysis. The attack utilises a differential characteristic over
Differential-linear_attack
German cipher machine during World War II
improvements to the Enigma over the years that hampered decryption efforts, cryptanalysis of the Enigma continued throughout the war. Many commentators say the
Enigma_machine
Feistel network based block cipher
Sangjin; Lim, Jongin; Yoon, Seonhee (2001). "Truncated differential cryptanalysis of Camellia". In Kim, Kwangjo (ed.). Information Security and Cryptology
Camellia_(cipher)
Block cipher invented by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen
Encryption Standard. Square was introduced together with a new form of cryptanalysis discovered by Lars Knudsen, called the "Square attack". The structure
Square_(cipher)
Block cipher
Kelsey, John; Schneier, Bruce; Wagner, David (1997). "Related-key cryptanalysis of 3-WAY, Biham-DES, CAST, DES-X, NewDES, RC2, and TEA". In Han, Y.;
RC2
Block cipher
against ordinary differential cryptanalysis, KN-Cipher was later broken using higher order differential cryptanalysis. Presented as "a prototype...compatible
KN-Cipher
Cryptographic algorithm
and Hash Function Design, Strategies Based on Linear and Differential Cryptanalysis (PDF) (Ph.D. thesis). Katholieke Universiteit Leuven. Schneier, Bruce
Ciphertext_stealing
Cryptography algorithm
Block size Key size Key whitening (Whitening transformation) Attack (cryptanalysis) Brute-force (EFF DES cracker) MITM Biclique attack 3-subset MITM attack
Block cipher mode of operation
Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
Type of cipher
more secure than the individual components to make it resistant to cryptanalysis. The product cipher combines a sequence of simple transformations such
Product_cipher
Block cipher
of data cryptography solutions. Sung, Jaechul (2011). "Differential cryptanalysis of eight-round SEED". Information Processing Letters. 111 (10): 474–478
SEED
Block cipher
Project on the AES Finalists (PDF), NIST MARS Attacks! Preliminary Cryptanalysis of Reduced-Round MARS Variants John Kelsey, Bruce Schneier, 2004 256bit
MARS_(cipher)
INTEGRAL CRYPTANALYSIS
INTEGRAL CRYPTANALYSIS
Surname or Lastname
Irish
Irish : reduced Anglicized form of either of two Gaelic names, Ó DuibhÃn ‘descendant of DuibhÃn’, a byname meaning ‘little black one’, or Ó DaimhÃn ‘descendant of DaimhÃn’, a byname meaning ‘fawn’, ‘little stag’. These are attenuated versions of Ó Dubháin and Ó Damháin, and are the phonetic origin of Anglicizations with an internal v (as opposed to w, as in Dewan, or monosyllabic forms with an o or u) (see Doane).English and French : nickname, of literal or ironic application, from Middle English, Old French devin, divin ‘excellent’, ‘perfect’ (Latin divinus ‘divine’).
Girl/Female
American, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Plucked Flower; Voice of Heart; Woman; Intellect; Behold of Any Beautiful Scene; Internal Beauty
Boy/Male
Indian
Internal Cleanliness
Girl/Female
Arabic, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Muslim, Punjabi, Sikh, Sindhi, Telugu
Heart; Inner Beauty; Fame; Internal Nature; Wisdom
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : nickname for a handsome man (perhaps also ironically for an ugly one), from Old French beu, bel ‘fair’, ‘lovely’ (Late Latin bellus).Hungarian (Bél) : from the old secular Hungarian name Bél, or alternatively from bél ‘internal part’, probably an occupational name for a servant who worked in the household.Czech (BÄ›l) from Czech bÃlý ‘white’.
INTEGRAL CRYPTANALYSIS
INTEGRAL CRYPTANALYSIS
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Old French hachet ‘small axe’, ‘hatchet’, hence a metonymic occupational name for a maker or user of such implements, or perhaps a nickname of anecdotal origin.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kashmiri
Wind; Victory
Girl/Female
Czechoslovakian, Danish, German
Fortunate Heroine; Wealthy
Girl/Female
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sindhi, Telugu
Goddess Parvati
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Beneficent
Girl/Female
Indian
Instruments
Boy/Male
Armenian
Name of a king.
Female
Hawaiian
Hawaiian form of Latin Magdalena, MAKELINA means "of Magdala."
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Coordination
Girl/Female
Bengali, Indian
Mirror
INTEGRAL CRYPTANALYSIS
INTEGRAL CRYPTANALYSIS
INTEGRAL CRYPTANALYSIS
INTEGRAL CRYPTANALYSIS
INTEGRAL CRYPTANALYSIS
n.
Space of time between any two points or events; as, the interval between the death of Charles I. of England, and the accession of Charles II.
n.
An interval.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Integrate
adv.
In an integral manner; wholly; completely; also, by integration.
a.
Essential to completeness; constituent, as a part; pertaining to, or serving to form, an integer; integrant.
a.
Inward; interior; being within any limit or surface; inclosed; -- opposed to external; as, the internal parts of a body, or of the earth.
n.
An expression which, being differentiated, will produce a given differential. See differential Differential, and Integration. Cf. Fluent.
imp. & p. p.
of Integrate
a.
Lacking nothing of completeness; complete; perfect; uninjured; whole; entire.
n.
Interval; intermission.
n.
A space between things; a void space intervening between any two objects; as, an interval between two houses or hills.
a.
Pertaining to its own affairs or interests; especially, (said of a country) domestic, as opposed to foreign; as, internal trade; internal troubles or war.
a.
Of, pertaining to, or being, a whole number or undivided quantity; not fractional.
v. t.
To subject to the operation of integration; to find the integral of.
a.
Derived from, or dependent on, the thing itself; inherent; as, the internal evidence of the divine origin of the Scriptures.
n.
A brief space of time between the recurrence of similar conditions or states; as, the interval between paroxysms of pain; intervals of sanity or delirium.
a.
Pertaining to, or proceeding by, integration; as, the integral calculus.
a.
Making part of a whole; necessary to constitute an entire thing; integral.
a.
Internal.
n.
A whole; an entire thing; a whole number; an individual.