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Block cipher
In cryptography, MacGuffin is a block cipher created in 1994 by Bruce Schneier and Matt Blaze at a Fast Software Encryption workshop. It was intended
MacGuffin_(cipher)
Block cipher
Blowfish is a symmetric-key block cipher, designed in 1993 by Bruce Schneier and included in many cipher suites and encryption products. Blowfish provides
Blowfish_(cipher)
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2001. AES is a variant of the Rijndael block cipher developed by two Belgian cryptographers, Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
Cryptography construction
cryptography, a Feistel cipher (also known as Luby–Rackoff block cipher) is a symmetric structure used in the construction of block ciphers, named after the
Feistel_cipher
Cryptography algorithm
In cryptography, a block cipher mode of operation is an algorithm that uses a block cipher to provide information security such as confidentiality or
Block cipher mode of operation
Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
(or "E") for the eavesdropping adversary. Since the development of rotor cipher machines in World War I and the advent of computers in World War II, cryptography
Cryptography
Type of cipher
cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building
Block_cipher
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
Mode (GCM) is a mode of operation for symmetric-key cryptographic block ciphers. The proposal was first published in 2007. The GCM algorithm belongs to
Galois/Counter_Mode
Algorithm
use either stream ciphers or block ciphers. Stream ciphers encrypt the digits (typically bytes), or letters (in substitution ciphers) of a message one
Symmetric-key_algorithm
Block cipher
In cryptography, KHAZAD is a block cipher designed by Paulo S. L. M. Barreto together with Vincent Rijmen, one of the designers of the Advanced Encryption
KHAZAD
Block cipher
In cryptography, SHARK is a block cipher identified as one of the predecessors of Rijndael (the Advanced Encryption Standard). SHARK has a 64-bit block
SHARK
Family of authenticated ciphers
Ascon is a family of lightweight authenticated ciphers and hash functions that have been selected by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology
Ascon_(cipher)
Attacks against common ciphers
This article summarizes publicly known attacks against block ciphers and stream ciphers. Note that there are perhaps attacks that are not publicly known
Cipher_security_summary
Early unclassified symmetric-key block cipher
design elements, a relatively short key length of the symmetric-key block cipher design, and the involvement of the NSA, raising suspicions about a backdoor
Data_Encryption_Standard
Block cipher
In cryptography, UES (Universal Encryption Standard) is a block cipher designed in 1999 by Helena Handschuh and Serge Vaudenay. They proposed it as a transitional
UES_(cipher)
Block cipher
Algorithm (TDEA or Triple DEA), is a symmetric-key block cipher, which applies the DES cipher algorithm three times to each data block. The 56-bit key
Triple_DES
Block cipher
Serpent is a symmetric key block cipher that was a finalist in the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) contest, in which it ranked second to Rijndael. Serpent
Serpent_(cipher)
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
(counter with cipher block chaining message authentication code; counter with CBC-MAC) is a mode of operation for cryptographic block ciphers. It is an authenticated
CCM_mode
Block cipher
In cryptography, RC5 is a symmetric-key block cipher notable for its simplicity. Designed by Ronald Rivest in 1994, According to Ron Rivest, RC stands
RC5
Block ciphers
In cryptography, Khufu and Khafre are two block ciphers designed by Ralph Merkle in 1989 while working at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center. Along with
Khufu_and_Khafre
Block cipher used by the 4C Entity
The Cryptomeria cipher, also called C2, is a proprietary block cipher defined and licensed by the 4C Entity. It is the successor to CSS algorithm (used
Cryptomeria_cipher
Block cipher
In cryptography, Twofish is a symmetric key block cipher with a block size of 128 bits and key sizes up to 256 bits. It was one of the five finalists of
Twofish
Block cipher
In cryptography, the Tiny Encryption Algorithm (TEA) is a block cipher notable for its simplicity of description and implementation, typically a few lines
Tiny_Encryption_Algorithm
Republic of Korea national standard block cipher
Lightweight Encryption Algorithm (also known as LEA) is a 128-bit block cipher developed by South Korea in 2013 to provide confidentiality in high-speed
LEA_(cipher)
Cryptographic algorithm
PRESENT is a lightweight block cipher, developed by Orange Labs (France), Ruhr University Bochum (Germany) and the Technical University of Denmark in 2007
PRESENT
Block cipher
3-Way is a block cipher designed in 1994 by Joan Daemen. It is closely related to BaseKing; the two are variants of the same general cipher technique. 3-Way
3-Way
Block cipher
KASUMI is a block cipher used in UMTS, GSM, and GPRS mobile communications systems. In UMTS, KASUMI is used in the confidentiality (f8) and integrity algorithms
KASUMI
Block cipher
(Russian for 'Grasshopper'; Cyrillic script: Кузнечик) is a symmetric block cipher. It has a block size of 128 bits and key length of 256 bits. It is defined
Kuznyechik
Block cipher
In cryptography, CRYPTON is a symmetric block cipher submitted as a candidate for the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES). It is very efficient in hardware
CRYPTON
Block cipher
cryptography, XTEA (eXtended TEA) is a block cipher designed to correct weaknesses in TEA. The cipher's designers were David Wheeler and Roger Needham
XTEA
Block cipher
block cipher designed by Ron Rivest in 1987. "RC" stands for "Ron's Code" (see also RC2, RC5 and RC6), but generally called simply RC2. Other ciphers designed
RC2
Chinese block cipher
ShāngMì 4 (SM4, 商密4) (formerly SMS4) is a block cipher, standardised for commercial cryptography in China. It is used in the Chinese National Standard
SM4_(cipher)
Block cipher
The Hasty Pudding cipher (HPC) is a variable-block-size block cipher designed by Richard Schroeppel, which was an unsuccessful candidate in the competition
Hasty_Pudding_cipher
Block cipher
SEED is a block cipher developed by the Korea Information Security Agency (KISA). It is used broadly throughout South Korean industry, but seldom found
SEED
Adding data to a message prior to encryption to hide its length
report, Sincerely yours, etc. The primary use of padding with classical ciphers is to prevent the cryptanalyst from using that predictability to find known
Padding_(cryptography)
Block cypher operating mode
The xor–encrypt–xor (XEX) is a (tweakable) mode of operation of a block cipher. In tweaked-codebook mode with ciphertext stealing (XTS mode), it is one
Xor–encrypt–xor
Input to a cryptographic primitive
between (potentially similar) segments of the encrypted message. For block ciphers, the use of an IV is described by the modes of operation. Some cryptographic
Initialization_vector
Block cipher
cryptography, the IDEA NXT algorithm (previously known as FOX) is a block cipher designed by Pascal Junod and Serge Vaudenay of EPFL (Lausanne, Switzerland)
IDEA_NXT
Soviet/Russian national standard block cipher
GOST block cipher (Magma), defined in the standard GOST 28147-89, is a Soviet and Russian government standard symmetric key block cipher with a block
GOST_(block_cipher)
Form of cryptanalysis
affine approximations to the action of a cipher. Attacks have been developed for block ciphers and stream ciphers. Linear cryptanalysis is one of the two
Linear_cryptanalysis
Block cipher
In cryptography, FEAL (the Fast data Encipherment Algorithm) is a block cipher proposed as an alternative to the Data Encryption Standard (DES), and designed
FEAL
Symmetric-key block cipher
Improved Proposed Encryption Standard (IPES), is a symmetric-key block cipher designed by James Massey of ETH Zurich and Xuejia Lai and was first described
International Data Encryption Algorithm
International_Data_Encryption_Algorithm
Block cipher
In cryptography, RC6 is a symmetric key block cipher derived from RC5. It was designed by Ron Rivest, Matt Robshaw, Ray Sidney, and Yiqun Lisa Yin to meet
RC6
Block cipher
In cryptography, the Intel Cascaded Cipher is a high bandwidth block cipher, used as an optional component of the Output Content Protection DRM scheme
Intel_Cascade_Cipher
Block cipher
cryptography, Corrected Block TEA (often referred to as XXTEA) is a block cipher designed to correct weaknesses in the original Block TEA. XXTEA is vulnerable
XXTEA
Block cipher
KeeLoq is a proprietary hardware-dedicated block cipher that uses a non-linear feedback shift register (NLFSR). The uni-directional command transfer protocol
KeeLoq
Classified National Security Agency Type 1 encryption algorithm
Mode (also known as Key-Auto-KEY or KAK) and Autoclave Mode (also known as Cipher-Text Auto Key or CTAK). On the AIM microchip, it runs at 4% of the clock
SAVILLE
Block cipher
In cryptography, Grand Cru is a block cipher invented in 2000 by Johan Borst. It was submitted to the NESSIE project, but was not selected. Grand Cru is
Grand_Cru_(cipher)
Feistel network based block cipher
In cryptography, Camellia is a symmetric key block cipher with a block size of 128 bits and key sizes of 128, 192 and 256 bits. It was jointly developed
Camellia_(cipher)
General form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers
general form of cryptanalysis applicable primarily to block ciphers, but also to stream ciphers and cryptographic hash functions. In the broadest sense,
Differential_cryptanalysis
Japanese cryptography research project
CRYPTREC included certain 64-bit block ciphers in its recommended list, while NESSIE did not select any 64-bit block ciphers in its final portfolio. Similarly
CRYPTREC
Concept in cryptography
is the desirable property of cryptographic algorithms, typically block ciphers and cryptographic hash functions, wherein if an input is changed slightly
Avalanche_effect
Cipher design construction
network (SPN), is a series of linked mathematical operations used in block cipher algorithms such as AES (Rijndael), 3-Way, Kalyna, Kuznyechik, PRESENT, SAFER
Substitution–permutation network
Substitution–permutation_network
Block ciphers
The BEAR and LION block ciphers were invented by Ross Anderson and Eli Biham by combining a stream cipher and a cryptographic hash function. The algorithms
BEAR_and_LION_ciphers
Block cipher invented by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen
In cryptography, Square (sometimes written SQUARE) is a block cipher invented by Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen. The design, published in 1997, is a forerunner
Square_(cipher)
Block cipher
cryptography, the Cellular Message Encryption Algorithm (CMEA) is a block cipher which was used for securing mobile phones in the United States. CMEA is
Cellular Message Encryption Algorithm
Cellular_Message_Encryption_Algorithm
Block cipher
is a variant on the DES (Data Encryption Standard) symmetric-key block cipher intended to increase the complexity of a brute-force attack. The technique
DES-X
LOKI97 • Lorenz cipher • Louis W. Tordella • Lsh • Lucifer (cipher) • Lyra2 M6 (cipher) • M8 (cipher) • M-209 • M-325 • M-94 • MacGuffin (cipher) • Madryga
Index of cryptography articles
Index_of_cryptography_articles
Block cipher designed in 2000 by Chang-Hyi Lee
In cryptography, Zodiac is a block cipher designed in 2000 by Chang-Hyi Lee for the Korean firm SoftForum. Zodiac uses a 16-round Feistel network structure
Zodiac_(cipher)
1981. (In German). Bruce Schneier, Matt Blaze (December 1994). The MacGuffin Block Cipher Algorithm (PDF/PostScript). 2nd International Workshop on Fast Software
Encryption_by_date
Block cipher
In cryptography, Ladder-DES is a block cipher designed in 1994 by Terry Ritter. It is a 4-round Feistel cipher with a block size of 128 bits, using DES
Ladder-DES
Block cipher
MARS is a block cipher that was IBM's submission to the Advanced Encryption Standard process. MARS was selected as an AES finalist in August 1999, after
MARS_(cipher)
Earliest civilian block ciphers
Lucifer was the name given to several of the earliest civilian block ciphers, developed by Horst Feistel and his colleagues at IBM. Lucifer was a direct
Lucifer_(cipher)
Belgian cryptographer (born 1963)
project. He has also contributed to the cryptanalysis of RC4, SOBER-t32, MacGuffin, Helix, Phelix, Py, TPypy, the HAVAL cryptographic hash function, and
Bart_Preneel
Family of block ciphers
III are block ciphers designed by cryptographer Michael Wood for Cryptech Inc and are optimised for use in software. Both REDOC ciphers are patented.
REDOC
Block cipher
(alternatively CAST5) is a symmetric-key block cipher used in a number of products, notably as the default cipher in some versions of GPG and PGP. It has also
CAST-128
Family of block ciphers
Speck is part of a family of lightweight block ciphers publicly released by the National Security Agency (NSA) in June 2013. Speck has been optimized
Speck_(cipher)
Cryptographic algorithm
cryptography, ciphertext stealing (CTS) is a general method of using a block cipher mode of operation that allows for processing of messages that are not evenly
Ciphertext_stealing
Block cipher
In cryptography, CAST-256 (or CAST6) is a symmetric-key block cipher published in June 1998. It was submitted as a candidate for the Advanced Encryption
CAST-256
Block cipher
LOKI97 is a block cipher which was a candidate in the Advanced Encryption Standard competition. It is a member of the LOKI family of ciphers, with earlier
LOKI97
Block cipher
In cryptography, BassOmatic is the symmetric-key cipher designed by Phil Zimmermann as part of his email encryption software PGP (in the first release
BassOmatic
Authenticated encryption mode with resistance against nonce reuse
benefits on little-endian architectures. Authenticated encryption Stream cipher "Webpage for the AES-GCM-SIV Mode of Operation". 31 May 2023. Gueron, S
AES-GCM-SIV
Cryptanalytic attacks using a system of multivariate equations
objective is to reduce the non linearity of the equations and then solve the cipher to decrypt into plaintext. It has been used for vulnerability testing for
Algebraic_attack
Block cipher
In cryptography, KN-Cipher is a block cipher created by Kaisa Nyberg and Lars Knudsen in 1995. One of the first ciphers designed to be provably secure
KN-Cipher
Block cipher
Akelarre is a block cipher proposed in 1996, combining the basic design of IDEA with ideas from RC5. It was shown to be susceptible to a ciphertext-only
Akelarre_(cipher)
Block cipher
SHACAL) is a 160-bit block cipher based on SHA-1, and supports keys from 128-bit to 512-bit. SHACAL-2 is a 256-bit block cipher based upon the larger hash
SHACAL
Family of block ciphers
NOEKEON /ˈnuːki.ɒn/ is a family of two block ciphers designed by Joan Daemen, Michaël Peeters, Gilles Van Assche and Vincent Rijmen and submitted to the
NOEKEON
Block cipher
BATON is a Type 1 block cipher in use since at least 1995 by the United States government to secure classified information. While the BATON algorithm itself
BATON
Block cipher
In cryptography, Skipjack is a block cipher — an algorithm for encryption — developed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA). Initially a
Skipjack_(cipher)
Form of cryptanalysis
cryptanalysis designed to deal with the prevailing idea that even weak ciphers can become very strong by increasing the number of rounds, which can ward
Slide_attack
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
parallelizable mode (IAPM) is a mode of operation for cryptographic block ciphers. As its name implies, it allows for a parallel mode of operation for higher
IAPM_(mode)
Cipher
In cryptography, the S-1 block cipher was a block cipher posted in source code form on Usenet on 11 August 1995. Although incorrect security markings
S-1_block_cipher
Block cipher
In cryptography, Spectr-H64 is a block cipher designed in 2001 by N. D. Goots, A. A. Moldovyan and N. A. Moldovyan. It relies heavily on the permutation
Spectr-H64
Wide-block cipher
Adiantum is a cipher composition for disk encryption. It uses a new cipher construction called HBSH (hash, block cipher, stream cipher, hash), specifically
Adiantum_(cipher)
Form of cryptanalaysis
generalization of differential cryptanalysis, an attack against block ciphers. Lars Knudsen developed the technique in 1994. Whereas ordinary differential
Truncated differential cryptanalysis
Truncated_differential_cryptanalysis
Family of block ciphers
In cryptography, Hierocrypt-L1 and Hierocrypt-3 are block ciphers created by Toshiba in 2000. They were submitted to the NESSIE project, but were not
Hierocrypt
European research program in cryptography, 2000-2003
interested", according to a NESSIE project press release. None of the six stream ciphers submitted to NESSIE were selected because every one fell to cryptanalysis
NESSIE
Family of block ciphers
LOKI91 are symmetric-key block ciphers designed as possible replacements for the Data Encryption Standard (DES). The ciphers were developed based on a body
LOKI
Type of cryptanalytic attack
generalization of differential cryptanalysis, an attack used against block ciphers. While in standard differential cryptanalysis the difference between only
Higher-order differential cryptanalysis
Higher-order_differential_cryptanalysis
Block cipher
Data Seal (NDS) is a block cipher that was designed at IBM in 1975, based on the Lucifer algorithm that became DES. The cipher uses a block size of 128
New_Data_Seal
Generic space–time tradeoff cryptographic attack
space and 2112 operations. When trying to improve the security of a block cipher, a tempting idea is to encrypt the data several times using multiple keys
Meet-in-the-middle_attack
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
In cryptography, CWC Mode (Carter–Wegman + CTR mode) is an AEAD block cipher mode of operation that provides both encryption and built-in message integrity
CWC_mode
Block cipher
block cipher proposed by Hitachi in 1997 for use in the IEEE 1394 FireWire standard. The design allows some freedom in choosing a few of the cipher's operations
M6_(cipher)
Cryptographic technique
In cryptography, CIPHERUNICORN-A is a block cipher created by NEC in 2000. It was among the cryptographic techniques recommended for Japanese government
CIPHERUNICORN-A
Block cipher
In cryptography, NewDES is a symmetric key block cipher. It was created in 1984–1985 by Robert Scott as a potential DES replacement. Despite its name,
NewDES
Block cipher
In cryptography, CIKS-1 is a block cipher designed in 2002 by A.A. Moldovyan and N.A. Moldovyan. Like its predecessor, Spectr-H64, it relies heavily on
CIKS-1
Block cipher
In cryptography, MESH is a block cipher designed in 2002 by Jorge Nakahara, Jr., Vincent Rijmen, Bart Preneel, and Joos Vandewalle. MESH is based directly
MESH_(cipher)
Block cipher
CLEFIA is a proprietary block cipher algorithm, developed by Sony. Its name is derived from the French word clef, meaning "key". The block size is 128-bits
CLEFIA
Cipher
In cryptography, the Iraqi block cipher was a block cipher published in C source code form by anonymous FTP upload around July 1999, and widely distributed
Iraqi_block_cipher
Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data
technologies have proven their capability in the brute-force attack of certain ciphers. One is modern graphics processing unit (GPU) technology,[page needed]
Brute-force_attack
MACGUFFIN CIPHER
MACGUFFIN CIPHER
MACGUFFIN CIPHER
Girl/Female
Tamil
Praise, Pleasant
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Telugu
Son of Sun; Part of Sun
Boy/Male
Muslim
Servant of the Most Thankful.
Male
Scottish
Scottish Gaelic form of Anglo-Saxon Cuthbeorht, CUITHBRIG means "bright fame."Â
Boy/Male
English
Fighting boar.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Ruby
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon American
Name of a king.
Boy/Male
Hindu
Girl/Female
Arabic
Entity; Strong Existence
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Vishnu
MACGUFFIN CIPHER
MACGUFFIN CIPHER
MACGUFFIN CIPHER
MACGUFFIN CIPHER
MACGUFFIN CIPHER
n.
According to the French and American notation, a thousand octillions, or a unit with thirty ciphers annexed; according to the English notation, a million octillions, or a unit with fifty-four ciphers annexed. See the Note under Numeration.
n.
One who ciphers.
n.
The art of writing in various ciphers, and of deciphering the same.
n.
According to the French notation, which is used on the Continent and in America, the cube of a million, or a unit with eighteen ciphers annexed; according to the English notation, a number produced by involving a million to the fifth power, or a unit with thirty ciphers annexed. See the Note under Numeration.
v. t.
To get by ciphering; as, to cipher out the answer.
n.
The art of writing in cipher, or in characters which are not intelligible except to persons who have the key; cryptography.
n.
According to the French method of numeration (which method is followed also in the United States) the number expressed by a unit with twenty-seven ciphers annexed. According to the English method, the number expressed by a unit with forty-eight ciphers annexed. See Numeration.
n.
A combination or interweaving of letters, as the initials of a name; a device; a monogram; as, a painter's cipher, an engraver's cipher, etc. The cut represents the initials N. W.
n.
According to the method of numeration (which is followed also in the United States), the number expressed by a unit with twenty-one ciphers annexed. According to the English method, a million raised to the sixth power, or the number expressed by a unit with thirty-six ciphers annexed. See Numeration.
n.
According to the French method of numeration (which is followed also in the United States), the number expressed by a unit with twenty-four ciphers annexed. According to the English method, the number expressed by a unit with forty-two ciphers annexed. See Numeration.
n.
A cipher; nothing; naught.
imp. & p. p.
of Cipher
n.
A cipher; zero.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Cipher
adv.
The arithmetical character 0; a cipher. See Cipher.
n.
According to the French notation, which is followed also upon the Continent and in the United States, a unit with fifteen ciphers annexed; according to the English notation, the number produced by involving a million to the fourth power, or the number represented by a unit with twenty-four ciphers annexed. See the Note under Numeration.
n.
That which has no value; a cipher; zero.
a.
Of the nature of a cipher; of no weight or influence.
n.
A cipher; naught.
n.
According to the French notation, which is used upon the Continent generally and in the United States, the number expressed by a unit with twelve ciphers annexed; a million millions; according to the English notation, the number produced by involving a million to the third power, or the number represented by a unit with eighteen ciphers annexed. See the Note under Numeration.