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Instruction set architecture
Explicitly parallel instruction computing (EPIC) is a term coined in 1997 by the HP–Intel alliance to describe a computing paradigm that researchers had
Explicitly parallel instruction computing
Explicitly_parallel_instruction_computing
Computer architecture to aid parallelism
Very long instruction word (VLIW) is a type of instruction set architecture designed to exploit instruction-level parallelism (ILP) by explicitly specifying
Very_long_instruction_word
Type of computing architecture
No instruction set computing (NISC) is a computing architecture and compiler technology for designing highly efficient custom processors and hardware
No_instruction_set_computing
Ability of computer instructions to be executed simultaneously with correct results
related explicitly parallel instruction computing concepts, in which multiple execution units are used to execute multiple instructions in parallel. Out-of-order
Instruction-level_parallelism
Processor with instructions capable of multi-step operations
8 instructions, but is clearly a CISC because it combines memory access and computation in the same instructions. Explicitly parallel instruction computing
Complex instruction set computer
Complex_instruction_set_computer
Model that describes the programmable interface of a computer processor
architectures, and the closely related long instruction word (LIW)[citation needed] and explicitly parallel instruction computing (EPIC) architectures. These architectures
Instruction_set_architecture
Abstract machine that uses only one instruction
tarpit Reduced instruction set computer Complex instruction set computer Explicitly parallel instruction computing Minimal instruction set computer Very
One-instruction_set_computer
EPC—Electronic Product Code EPC—Evolved Packet Core EPIC—Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing EPP—Endpoint protection platform EPROM—Erasable Programmable
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
Programming paradigm in which many processes are executed simultaneously
of parallel computing: bit-level, instruction-level, data, and task parallelism. Parallelism has long been employed in high-performance computing, but
Parallel_computing
CPU that implements instruction-level parallelism within a single processor
very long instruction word (VLIW), explicitly parallel instruction computing (EPIC), simultaneous multithreading (SMT), and multi-core computing. With VLIW
Superscalar_processor
CPU architecture
Complex instruction set computer Explicitly parallel instruction computing Reduced instruction set computer Very long instruction word No instruction set
Minimal instruction set computer
Minimal_instruction_set_computer
Processor executing one instruction in minimal clock cycles
of reduced instruction set computer (RISC) chips. Explicitly parallel instruction computing No instruction set computing One-instruction set computer
Reduced instruction set computer
Reduced_instruction_set_computer
Low-level parallel thread execution virtual machine and instruction set architecture
Parallel Thread Execution (PTX or NVPTX) is a low-level parallel thread execution virtual machine and instruction set architecture used in Nvidia's Compute
Parallel_Thread_Execution
1960s supercomputer architecture
RS/6000 and, more recently, have contributed to the Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (EPIC) computing paradigm used by Intel and HP in the Itanium processors
IBM Advanced Computer Systems project
IBM_Advanced_Computer_Systems_project
Overview of computer engineering topics
Computer performance Supercomputer SIMD Multi-core processor Explicitly parallel instruction computing Simultaneous multithreading Dependability Active redundancy
Computer engineering compendium
Computer_engineering_compendium
Type of computer processor
determines which instructions are ready and safe to dispatch on each clock cycle. Out-of-order execution Explicitly parallel instruction computing "Scheduling
Wide-issue
Topics referred to by the same term
Evolutionary Process for Integrating COTS-Based Systems Explicitly parallel instruction computing, a CPU architecture design philosophy Expansion via Prediction
Epic
Type of parallel processing
Single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) is a type of parallel computing (processing) in Flynn's taxonomy. SIMD describes computers with multiple processing
Single instruction, multiple data
Single_instruction,_multiple_data
Russian computer scientist
designed Elbrus-3 computer using an architecture named Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (EPIC). From 1992 to 2004, Babayan held senior positions
Boris_Babayan
Executing several computations during overlapping time periods
Concurrent computing is a form of computing in which several computations are executed concurrently—during overlapping time periods—instead of sequentially—with
Concurrent_computing
Computer architecture that utilizes multiple, different processing methods
particular tasks. Usually heterogeneity in the context of computing refers to different instruction-set architectures (ISA), where the main processor has
Heterogeneous_computing
Use of a GPU for computations typically assigned to CPUs
supercomputing it is well-known that scientific computing drives the largest concentrations of Computing power in history, listed in the TOP500: the majority
General-purpose computing on graphics processing units
General-purpose_computing_on_graphics_processing_units
Microprocessor instruction set architecture
a variation of VLIW design concepts which Intel named explicitly parallel instruction computing (EPIC). Intel's goal was to leverage the expertise HP
IA-64
Programmable machine that processes data
He proved that such a machine is capable of computing anything that is computable by executing instructions (program) stored on tape, allowing the machine
Computer
Ability of a CPU to provide multiple threads of execution concurrently
to further exploit instruction-level parallelism have stalled since the late 1990s. This allowed the concept of throughput computing to re-emerge from
Multithreading (computer architecture)
Multithreading_(computer_architecture)
Family of 64-bit Intel microprocessors
architecture, later named Explicitly Parallel Instruction Computing (EPIC), which differs by: having template bits which show which instructions are independent
Itanium
Operation common in numerical signal processing
In computing, especially digital signal processing, the multiply–accumulate (MAC) or multiply–add (MAD) operation is a common step that computes the product
Multiply–accumulate_operation
System with multiple networked computers
coupled form of distributed computing, and distributed computing may be seen as a loosely coupled form of parallel computing. Nevertheless, it is possible
Distributed_computing
call an explicitly parallel instruction computing (EPIC) design. This design supposedly provides the VLIW advantage of increased instruction throughput
History of general-purpose CPUs
History_of_general-purpose_CPUs
Computer processor which works on arrays of several numbers at once
In computing, a vector processor is a central processing unit (CPU) that implements an instruction set where its instructions are designed to operate efficiently
Vector_processor
Form of implicit data structure
In computing, a group of parallel arrays (also known as structure of arrays or SoA) is a form of implicit data structure that uses multiple arrays to represent
Parallel_array
Computer programming paradigm
acceleration Molecular modeling on GPU Parallel computing Partitioned global address space Real-time computing Real Time Streaming Protocol SIMT Streaming
Stream_processing
Classification of computer architectures
processor known today as SIMT – These receive the one (same) instruction but each parallel processing unit (PU) has its own separate and distinct memory
Flynn's_taxonomy
Abstraction of parallel computer architecture
In computing, a parallel programming model is an abstraction of parallel computer architecture, with which it is convenient to express algorithms and
Parallel_programming_model
Register in which intermediate arithmetic and logic results of a CPU are stored
particular register as an accumulator in some instructions, but other instructions use register numbers for explicit operand specification. Any system that uses
Accumulator_(computing)
Research division of HP Inc.
early 90s, HP Labs invented the concept of an Explicitly parallel instruction computing (EPIC) instruction set, which led to the Intel Itanium architecture
HP_Labs
Component of a computer process
the threads run, either concurrently on one core or in parallel on multiple cores. GPU computing environments like CUDA, OpenCL and DirectX 12 use the
Thread_(computing)
for each lane in parallel. The main SIMD instruction set extensions that have been introduced for x86 are: The count of 13 instructions for SSE3 includes
List_of_x86_SIMD_instructions
Computer memory management instruction
In computing, a cache control instruction is a hint embedded in the instruction stream of a processor intended to improve the performance of hardware caches
Cache_control_instruction
machine (PRAM) parallel computational model. A more direct explanation of XMT starts with the rudimentary abstraction that made serial computing simple: that
Explicit_multi-threading
Use of widely distributed computer resources to reach a common goal
Grid computing is the use of widely distributed computer resources to reach a common goal. A computing grid can be thought of as a distributed system
Grid_computing
Microsoft's early days Triumph of the Nerds Ubiquitous computing Internet of things Fog computing Edge computing Ambient intelligence System on a chip Network
History of computing hardware (1960s–present)
History_of_computing_hardware_(1960s–present)
Set of computers configured in a distributed computing system
and scheduled by software. The newest manifestation of cluster computing is cloud computing. The components of a cluster are usually connected to each other
Computer_cluster
Subfield of computer science and mathematics
ones, which are then solved "in parallel". There are several different forms of parallel computing: bit-level, instruction level, data, and task parallelism
Theoretical_computer_science
Type of parallel computing architecture of tightly coupled nodes
offered as a classic example of MISD architecture in textbooks on parallel computing and in engineering classes. If the array is viewed from the outside
Systolic_array
Computer chip instruction set extension
In computing, Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE) is a single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) instruction set extension to the x86 architecture, designed
Streaming_SIMD_Extensions
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
decryption to be parallelized, in contrast to modes like cipher block chaining (CBC) where each block relies on the previous one. GCM was explicitly designed
Galois/Counter_Mode
Type of computer processor design
instruction-set processor (ASIP) Very long instruction word (VLIW) Explicitly parallel instruction computing (EPIC) Dataflow architecture V. Guzma, P.
Transport triggered architecture
Transport_triggered_architecture
Parallel processing technique
technique for performing parallel operations on data contained in a processor register. SIMD stands for single instruction, multiple data. Many modern
SWAR
Computation model defining an abstract machine
Turing tarpit, any computing system or language that, despite being Turing complete, is generally considered useless for practical computing Unorganised machine
Turing_machine
Unit of digital information, usually 8 bits
Nibble Octet (computing) Primitive data type Tryte Word (computer architecture) The term syllable was used for bytes containing instructions or constituents
Byte
High-level computer programming conceptualization
execution model. For parallel computing, using a programming model instead of a language is common. The reason is that details of the parallel hardware leak
Programming_paradigm
Instruction set architecture extension
the start and the end of a transactional code region; the XABORT instruction explicitly aborts a transaction. Transaction failure redirects the processor
Transactional Synchronization Extensions
Transactional_Synchronization_Extensions
Parallel programming model
In computing, algorithmic skeletons, or parallelism patterns, are a high-level parallel programming model for parallel and distributed computing. Algorithmic
Algorithmic_skeleton
Instructions for the x86 microprocessors
4VNNIW and 4FMAPS instruction set extensions are currently only implemented in Intel computing coprocessors. The updated SSE/AVX instructions in AVX-512F use
Advanced_Vector_Extensions
Israeli-American computer scientist
for his work in the field of parallel computing. In 1996, he was inducted as a Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, with the following
Uzi_Vishkin
List of x86 microprocessor instructions
The x86 instruction set refers to the set of instructions that x86-compatible microprocessors support. The instructions are usually part of an executable
List_of_x86_instructions
Family of RISC-based computer architectures
heterogeneous computing architecture DynamIQ ARMulator – an instruction set simulator Comparison of ARM processors Comparison of instruction set architectures
ARM_architecture_family
Explicit data graph execution, or EDGE, is a type of instruction set architecture (ISA) which intends to improve computing performance compared to common
Explicit_data_graph_execution
Large multi-threaded computer released in 1960
central processor for asynchronous parallel processes, using an explicit fork-join parallelism at the instruction level. The Gamma 60 foreshadowed the
Bull_Gamma_60
Theoretical computer used for teaching
The three units are connected by parallel buses. The address buses (15-bit), as well as the data and instruction busses (16-bit) for the ROM and RAM
Hack_computer
Series of pioneering microprocessors from the 1980s
transputer is a series of microprocessors from the 1980s, intended for parallel computing. To support this, each transputer had its own integrated memory and
Transputer
Sequence of program instructions invokable by other software
subroutine was worked out after computing machines had already existed for some time. The arithmetic and conditional jump instructions were planned ahead of time
Function (computer programming)
Function_(computer_programming)
Message-passing system for parallel computers
(MPI) is a portable message-passing standard designed to function on parallel computing architectures. The MPI standard defines the syntax and semantics of
Message_Passing_Interface
SIMD CPU instruction set
instruction. The parallel operation packs noticeable increases in performance. SSE4.2 introduced new SIMD string operations, including an instruction
SSE4
Instruction set extension by Intel
extensions to the 256-bit Advanced Vector Extensions SIMD instructions for x86 instruction set architecture (ISA) proposed by Intel in July 2013, and
AVX-512
Computer programming paradigm
programming Glossary of reconfigurable computing High-performance reconfigurable computing Incremental computing Parallel programming model Partitioned global
Dataflow_programming
Methods for dividing computing resources
consolidate compute power on multiple underutilized dedicated servers. The most visible hallmark of a return to the roots of computing is cloud computing, which
Virtualization
at the same time. There are several different forms of parallel computing: bit-level, instruction-level, data, and task parallelism. parameter In computer
Glossary_of_computer_science
Software analysis tool
memory use, and GPU offload optimization. The tool supports C, C++, Data Parallel C++ (DPC++), Fortran and Python languages. It is available on Windows and
Intel_Advisor
Open-source CPU instruction set architecture
(pronounced "risk-five") is a free and open standard instruction set architecture (ISA) based on reduced instruction set computer (RISC) principles. Unlike proprietary
RISC-V
First commercially produced personal workstation with a Graphical User Interface
Chilton Computing, UK. PERQ History: Part V: 20. ICL Manufacturing, Chilton Computing, UK. PERQ History: Part VII: 34. Hardware, Chilton Computing, UK. "Informatics
PERQ
General-purpose programming language
programming, modular programming, generic programming (Fortran 90), parallel computing (Fortran 95), object-oriented programming (Fortran 2003), and concurrent
Fortran
Computing system
targeting parallel computing, available for Microsoft Windows and Linux. Bolt is a C++ template library optimized for heterogeneous computing. GPUOpen
Heterogeneous System Architecture
Heterogeneous_System_Architecture
Open standard for programming heterogenous computing systems, such as CPUs or GPUs
platform and execute programs on the compute devices. OpenCL provides a standard interface for parallel computing using task- and data-based parallelism
OpenCL
Compiler backend for multiple programming languages
generation Intel C++ Compiler. The Los Alamos National Laboratory has a parallel-computing fork of LLVM 8 named "Kitsune". Nvidia uses LLVM in the implementation
LLVM
AMD computing architecture
generally, for high-performance computing. The first products containing AI engines were the Versal adaptive compute acceleration platforms, which combine
AI_engine
Atomic computer processor instruction
In computer science, compare-and-swap (CAS) is an atomic instruction used in multithreading to achieve synchronization. It compares the contents of a
Compare-and-swap
Abstract model of computation
Wang (1957), A Variant to Turing's Theory of Computing Machines, JACM (Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery) 4; 63-92. Presented at the meeting
Random-access_machine
Classification of computer architectures
"SIMD-Processing: Concepts and Systems". In A. Zomaya (ed.). Parallel and Distributed Computing Handbook. McGraw-Hill. pp. 649–679. ISBN 978-0-07-073020-5
Duncan's_taxonomy
Measuring the time or resources used by a section of a computer program
Performance Tools for OpenMP Task-Parallel Programs. Proc. 7th Int'l Workshop on Parallel Tools for High Performance Computing. pp. 25–37. ISBN 9783319081441
Profiling (computer programming)
Profiling_(computer_programming)
general purpose functional programming language and auto-parallelizing (parallel computing) compiler and tool set, which main design objectives are performance
SequenceL
8-bit microprocessor
processors with non-pipelined execution units. The index registers have a parallel instruction to JP (HL), which is JP (IX) and JP (IY). This is often seen in stack-oriented
Zilog_Z80
Inherent parallelism in expressed computation
implicitly parallel language does not need special directives, operators or functions to enable parallel execution, in contrast to explicit parallelism
Implicit_parallelism
Series of 16/32-bit minicomputers
next instruction to be obeyed. The 8-bit EC register contains condition codes bits. (Some of this is illustrated in the much simpler instruction set of
GEC_4000_series
American research center, 1985–1995
with similar implementation problems and delays. Many attempts at parallel computing startups arose in the decades following Illiac 4, but nothing achieved
University of Illinois Center for Supercomputing Research and Development
University_of_Illinois_Center_for_Supercomputing_Research_and_Development
Computer synchronizing instruction
In computing, a memory barrier, also known as a membar, memory fence or fence instruction, is a type of barrier instruction that causes a central processing
Memory_barrier
Former American manufacturer of supercomputers
access. Instruction decode was hardwired, and pipelining was used. Each KSR1 processor was a custom 64-bit reduced instruction set computing (RISC) CPU
Kendall_Square_Research
Method for generating pseudo-random numbers
calculated in parallel using a single instruction. Notably for Intel-based machines, one can use fsincos assembler instruction or the expi instruction (available
Marsaglia_polar_method
Case in parallel computing
Automatic vectorization, in parallel computing, is a special case of automatic parallelization, where a computer program is converted from a scalar implementation
Automatic_vectorization
language — P′′ — that was explicitly based on the SESE property: a) It is only possible to enter a cycle from its first instruction, ... b) It is only possible
Single-entry_single-exit
Subset of x86 instruction set architecture for floating-point arithmetic
exchange instructions (codes D9C8..D9CFh) are optimized down to a zero clock penalty by using one of the integer paths for FXCH ST(x) in parallel with the
X87
Supercomputer
TFLOPS) was the first computer built under the Accelerated Strategic Computing Initiative (ASCI), the supercomputing initiative of the United States
ASCI_Red
Software that translates code from one programming language to another
code. Theoretical computing concepts developed by scientists, mathematicians, and engineers formed the basis of digital modern computing development during
Compiler
Tool to convert sequential code to parallel
computing. Past methods provided solutions for languages like Fortran and C; however, these were not enough. These methods dealt with parallelizing sections
Automatic parallelization tool
Automatic_parallelization_tool
Proposed extension to x86-64 instruction set architecture
instructions. Marked cache lines can be released from protection with the RELEASE instruction. Transaction aborts generated by hardware or explicitly
Advanced Synchronization Facility
Advanced_Synchronization_Facility
Signal to a computer processor emitted by hardware or software
pending until the interrupt is enabled or explicitly cleared, e.g., by the Test Pending Interruption (TPI) instruction of IBM System/370-XA and later. E.g.
Interrupt
concerned with extracting parallel tasks from loops. The opportunity for loop-level parallelism often arises in computing programs where data is stored
Loop-level_parallelism
Garbage collection assisted by hardware mechanisms
languages, and the rise of cloud computing and hardware accelerators. Hardware assistance can involve dedicated instructions for memory allocation, reference
Hardware-assisted garbage collection
Hardware-assisted_garbage_collection
Multi-core microprocessor microarchitecture
Processor for Scientific Computing". ACM Computing Frontiers. Retrieved April 6, 2017. "SCOP3: A Rough Guide to Scientific Computing On the PlayStation 3"
Cell_(processor)
EXPLICITLY PARALLEL-INSTRUCTION-COMPUTING
EXPLICITLY PARALLEL-INSTRUCTION-COMPUTING
Boy/Male
Indian
Instruction
Biblical
destruction
Boy/Male
Arabic, Farsi, Iranian, Muslim
Guidance; Instruction
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Instruction
Boy/Male
Arabic
Guidance; Instruction
Boy/Male
Indian
Sky, Education, Instruction
Biblical
parables; governing
Boy/Male
Muslim
Instruction
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Education; Instruction
Boy/Male
Muslim
Sky, Education, Instruction
Boy/Male
Biblical
Destruction.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Sky, Education, Instruction
Boy/Male
Indian
Sky, Education, Instruction
Boy/Male
Indian
Instruction, Courage, Daring, Guidance
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Instruction; Courage; Daring
Girl/Female
Muslim
Instruction, Courage, Daring, Guidance
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
All's Well That Ends Well.' A follower of Bertram, Count of Rousillon.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Instruction, Courage, Daring, Guidance
Girl/Female
Biblical
Parables, governing.
Girl/Female
Indian
Instruction, Courage, Daring, Guidance
EXPLICITLY PARALLEL-INSTRUCTION-COMPUTING
EXPLICITLY PARALLEL-INSTRUCTION-COMPUTING
Boy/Male
Finnish, German, Swedish
Peaceful Ruler; Island Ruler; Lone Warrior; Battle Leader
Boy/Male
Australian, Norse
Son of Thorbjorn the Feeble
Girl/Female
English American Teutonic German Welsh
Elf strength, good counselor. From the Old English name Aelfthryth.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Kapilashwar | கபிலாஷà¯à®µà®°
One with a white horse
Boy/Male
Hindu
Name of Lord Indra
Boy/Male
Indian
Cute
Girl/Female
French
Dear one;darling'.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various places named Ovington, most notably those in Durham and Northumberland, where the surname is most common. The one in Durham is named in Old English as ‘estate (tūn) associated with (-ing-) a man called Wulfa’; the one in Northumberland as ‘hill (dūn) of the followers of (-inga-) a man called Ofa’.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Apshrut | அபà¯à®·à¯à®°à¯à®¤
Girl/Female
Hindu
Very special
EXPLICITLY PARALLEL-INSTRUCTION-COMPUTING
EXPLICITLY PARALLEL-INSTRUCTION-COMPUTING
EXPLICITLY PARALLEL-INSTRUCTION-COMPUTING
EXPLICITLY PARALLEL-INSTRUCTION-COMPUTING
EXPLICITLY PARALLEL-INSTRUCTION-COMPUTING
n.
The act of instructing, teaching, or furnishing with knowledge; information.
adv.
Avowedly; explicitly.
a.
Conveying knowledge; serving to instruct or inform; as, experience furnishes very instructive lessons.
v. t.
To represent by parable.
v. t.
To place or set so as to be parallel; to place so as to be parallel to, or to conform in direction with, something else.
imp. & p. p.
of Parallel
adv.
By implication; impliedly; as, to deny the providence of God is implicitly to deny his existence.
n.
A comparison made; elaborate tracing of similarity; as, Johnson's parallel between Dryden and Pope.
a.
Extended in the same direction, and in all parts equally distant; as, parallel lines; parallel planes.
a.
Having opposite surfaces exactly plane and parallel, as a piece of glass.
a.
Pertaining to, or promoting, instruction; educational.
a.
Having no disguised meaning or reservation; unreserved; outspoken; -- applied to persons; as, he was earnest and explicit in his statement.
n.
A line which, throughout its whole extent, is equidistant from another line; a parallel line, a parallel plane, etc.
a.
Continuing a resemblance through many particulars; applicable in all essential parts; like; similar; as, a parallel case; a parallel passage.
adv.
In an explicit manner; clearly; plainly; without disguise or reservation of meaning; not by inference or implication; as, he explicitly avows his intention.
v. t.
To produce or adduce as a parallel.
n.
One of the imaginary circles on the surface of the earth, parallel to the equator, marking the latitude; also, the corresponding line on a globe or map.
n.
A character consisting of two parallel vertical lines (thus, ) used in the text to direct attention to a similarly marked note in the margin or at the foot of a page.
v. i.
To be parallel; to correspond; to be like.
adv.
In a parallel manner; with parallelism.