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Programming paradigm in which many processes are executed simultaneously
of parallel computing: bit-level, instruction-level, data, and task parallelism. Parallelism has long been employed in high-performance computing, but
Parallel_computing
Use of many processors to perform simultaneous operations
computations in parallel. GPUs are massively parallel architecture with tens of thousands of threads. One approach is grid computing, where the processing
Massively_parallel
Type of extremely powerful computer
High-performance computing High-performance technical computing Jungle computing Metacomputing Nvidia Tesla Personal Supercomputer Parallel computing Supercomputing
Supercomputer
System with multiple networked computers
common goal for their work. The terms "concurrent computing", "parallel computing", and "distributed computing" have much overlap, and no clear distinction
Distributed_computing
Condition of granules or grains
Complexity Cybernetics Dennett's three stances Granular computing Granularity (parallel computing) High- and low-level Levels of analysis Meta-system Multiple
Granularity
Executing several computations during overlapping time periods
Concurrent computing is a form of computing in which several computations are executed concurrently—during overlapping time periods—instead of sequentially—with
Concurrent_computing
Supercomputing centre at the University of Edinburgh
EPCC, formerly the Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre, is a supercomputing centre based at the University of Edinburgh. Since its foundation in 1990,
Edinburgh Parallel Computing Centre
Edinburgh_Parallel_Computing_Centre
Computing with supercomputers and clusters
administration (including network and security knowledge), parallel computing and distributed computing into a multidisciplinary field that combines digital
High-performance_computing
Programmable machine that processes data
of the analytical engine's computing unit (the mill) in 1888. He gave a successful demonstration of its use in computing tables in 1906. In his work
Computer
Instruction set architecture
Explicitly parallel instruction computing (EPIC) is a term coined in 1997 by the HP–Intel alliance to describe a computing paradigm that researchers had
Explicitly parallel instruction computing
Explicitly_parallel_instruction_computing
Use of a GPU for computations typically assigned to CPUs
supercomputing it is well-known that scientific computing drives the largest concentrations of Computing power in history, listed in the TOP500: the majority
General-purpose computing on graphics processing units
General-purpose_computing_on_graphics_processing_units
Digital workload distribution techniques
In computing, load balancing is the process of distributing a set of tasks over a set of resources (computing units) with the aim of making their overall
Load_balancing_(computing)
Computer that uses photons or light waves
Optical computing or photonic computing uses light waves produced by lasers or incoherent sources for data processing, data storage or data communication
Optical_computing
Measure of the amount of work needed to perform a computing task
In parallel computing, granularity (or grain size) of a task is a measure of the amount of work (or computation) which is performed by that task. Another
Granularity (parallel computing)
Granularity_(parallel_computing)
Set of computers configured in a distributed computing system
and scheduled by software. The newest manifestation of cluster computing is cloud computing. The components of a cluster are usually connected to each other
Computer_cluster
Problem easily dividable into parallel tasks
In parallel computing, an embarrassingly parallel workload or problem (also called embarrassingly parallelizable, perfectly parallel, delightfully parallel
Embarrassingly_parallel
Method of solving computing problems
Lateral computing is a lateral thinking approach to solving computing problems. Lateral thinking has been made popular by Edward de Bono. This thinking
Lateral_computing
on high-performance computing, cluster computing, and grid computing: HiPC - International Conference on High Performance Computing SC - ACM/IEEE International
List of computer science conferences
List_of_computer_science_conferences
Class of parallel computing applications
Data-intensive computing is a class of parallel computing applications which use a data parallel approach to process large volumes of data typically terabytes
Data-intensive_computing
Parallel scripting language
an implicitly parallel programming language that allows writing scripts that distribute program execution across distributed computing resources, including
Swift (parallel scripting language)
Swift_(parallel_scripting_language)
American computer scientist (born 1955)
Gelernter is known for contributions to parallel computation in the 1980s, and for books on topics such as computed worlds (Mirror Worlds) and America-Lite:
David_Gelernter
Topics referred to by the same term
direction" Parallel electrical circuits Parallel computing Parallel (software), a UNIX utility for running programs in parallel Parallelism (grammar), a balance
Parallel
Phenomenon in parallel computing
Parallel slowdown is a phenomenon in parallel computing where parallelization of a parallel algorithm beyond a certain point causes the program to run
Parallel_slowdown
Procedure in computing
Extract, transform, load (ETL) is a three-phase computing process where data are extracted from an input source, transformed (including cleaning), and
Extract,_transform,_load
Parallelization across multiple processors in parallel computing environments
Data parallelism is parallelization across multiple processors in parallel computing environments. It focuses on distributing the data across different
Data_parallelism
Non-comparative lexicographical sorting algorithm
Proceedings of International Conference on Parallel Computing Technologies. Novosibirsk. 1991. David M. W. Powers, Parallel Unification: Practical Complexity,
Radix_sort
Subfield of computer science and mathematics
(used in circuit complexity) and the number of processors (used in parallel computing). One of the roles of computational complexity theory is to determine
Theoretical_computer_science
Collective operation in parallel computing
In parallel computing, all-to-all (also known as index operation or total exchange) is a collective operation, where each processor sends an individual
All-to-all_(parallel_pattern)
Computing by new or unusual methods
Unconventional computing (also known as alternative computing or nonstandard computation) is computing by any of a wide range of new or unusual methods
Unconventional_computing
Advanced interactive shell for Python
Tools for parallel computing. IPython is a NumFOCUS fiscally sponsored project. IPython is based on an architecture that provides parallel and distributed
IPython
Sequence in computer science
parallel programming model supports both inclusive and exclusive scan support beginning with Version 5.0. There are two key algorithms for computing a
Prefix_sum
French computer scientist
was a computer scientist known for his work in data structures and parallel computing. He was a professor of computer science at the École normale supérieure
Jean_Vuillemin
Type of system using parallel computing
In computer science, high-throughput computing (HTC) is the use of many computing resources over long periods of time to accomplish a computational task
High-throughput_computing
Combined real-and-virtual environment
glasses Spatial computing – Computing paradigm emphasizing 3D spatial interaction with technology Wearable computer – Small computing device worn on the
Extended_reality
Abstraction of parallel computer architecture
In computing, a parallel programming model is an abstraction of parallel computer architecture, with which it is convenient to express algorithms and
Parallel_programming_model
Parallel computing platform and programming model
CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) is a proprietary parallel computing platform and application programming interface (API) developed by the American
CUDA
Abstract computer for designing parallel algorithms
abstract machine. As its name indicates, the PRAM is intended as the parallel-computing analogy to the random-access machine (RAM) (not to be confused with
Parallel_RAM
Use of widely distributed computer resources to reach a common goal
Grid computing is the use of widely distributed computer resources to reach a common goal. A computing grid can be thought of as a distributed system
Grid_computing
Data processing chain
of a sequence of computing processes (commands, program runs, tasks, threads, procedures, etc.), conceptually executed in parallel, with the output stream
Pipeline_(computing)
Ability to execute a task in a non-serial manner
in modern computing, including: Operating systems and embedded systems Distributed systems, parallel computing, and high-performance computing Database
Concurrency (computer science)
Concurrency_(computer_science)
Tabular comparison of deep learning software
Models - MATLAB & Simulink". MathWorks. Retrieved 13 November 2017. "Parallel Computing Toolbox - MATLAB". MathWorks. Retrieved 13 November 2017. "CNTK/LICENSE
Comparison of deep learning software
Comparison_of_deep_learning_software
Form of shared internet-based computing
concert to perform very large tasks. Fog computing – Distributed computing paradigm that provides data, compute, storage and application services closer
Cloud_computing
Annual award in parallel and distributed processing
computing, high-performance computing, resilience, and data reduction." 2025 - Srinivas Aluru. "For pioneering contributions to the field of Parallel
IEEE Computer Society Charles Babbage Award
IEEE_Computer_Society_Charles_Babbage_Award
Programming paradigm entirely based on functions
deterministic. Therefore, to program in parallel, the programmer need only specify the pieces that should be computed in parallel, and the runtime can handle all
Purely_functional_programming
Software tool for parallel networking of computers
and grid computing but has, since the mid-1990s, largely been supplanted by the much more successful MPI standard for message passing on parallel machines
Parallel_Virtual_Machine
American computer scientist (1932–2020)
the developing parallel computing area, and helped to develop software for the IBM Blue Gene project. She worked on PTRAN, the Parallel Translator, which
Frances_Allen
Type of program in computer graphics
shaders benefit greatly from parallel computing, such as SIMD hardware. The drive for faster rendering has produced highly parallel processors, like GPUs, which
Shader
Algorithm which can do multiple operations in a given time
A subtype of parallel algorithms, distributed algorithms, are algorithms designed to work in cluster computing and distributed computing environments
Parallel_algorithm
American computer scientist
(born May 25, 1954) is an American computer scientist, working on parallel computing architectures, models, and algorithms. As part of the ultracomputer
Clyde_Kruskal
Supercomputer
Trew and Greg Wilson (eds.) (1991). Past, Present, Parallel: A Survey of Available Parallel Computing Systems. New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 0-387-19664-1
Connection_Machine
Model for designing parallel algorithms
cluster Concurrent computing Concurrency (computer science) Dataflow programming Grid computing LogP machine Parallel computing Parallel programming model
Bulk_synchronous_parallel
Message-passing system for parallel computers
(MPI) is a portable message-passing standard designed to function on parallel computing architectures. The MPI standard defines the syntax and semantics of
Message_Passing_Interface
Type of geographic information system
computing," "parallel computing," and "distributed computing" do not have a clear distinction between them. Parallel computing today involves the utilization
Distributed_GIS
Amorphous computing refers to computational systems that use very large numbers of identical, parallel processors each having limited computational ability
Amorphous_computing
made at design, compile or link time. One of the key functions of parallel computing development is specializing the code to the host runtime environment
Program_lifecycle_phase
Consolidated high-performance computing platform
Fabric computing or unified computing involves constructing a computing fabric consisting of interconnected nodes that look like a weave or a fabric when
Fabric_computing
Theoretical speedup formula in computer architecture
speedup in the execution time of a task that theoretically gains from parallel computing, using a hypothetical run of the task on a single-core processor as
Gustafson's_law
Quantum computing Timeline of quantum computing and communication Moore's law – observation (not actually a law) that, over the history of computing hardware
Computer performance by orders of magnitude
Computer_performance_by_orders_of_magnitude
Method of improving computer program speed
2014. Rünger, Gudula (2006). "Parallel Programming Models for Irregular Algorithms". Parallel Algorithms and Cluster Computing. Lecture Notes in Computational
Automatic_parallelization
shared-memory algorithms for computing the minimum spanning forest of sparse graphs", Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 66 (11): 1366–1378, doi:10
Parallel algorithms for minimum spanning trees
Parallel_algorithms_for_minimum_spanning_trees
Parallel computing execution model
instruction, multiple threads (SIMT) is an execution model used in parallel computing where a single central "control unit" broadcasts an instruction to
Single instruction, multiple threads
Single_instruction,_multiple_threads
Ray tracing software
variety of research projects related to parallel rendering and visualization, cloud computing, and parallel computing, compilers, runtime systems, and computer
Tachyon_(software)
Five generation of a computer
Trade and Industry (MITI) to develop computers based on massively parallel computing and logic programming. The project aimed to create an "epoch-making
Fifth Generation Computer Systems
Fifth_Generation_Computer_Systems
Parallel computing paradigm
Automatic mutual exclusion is a parallel computing programming paradigm in which threads are divided into atomic chunks, and the atomic execution of the
Automatic_mutual_exclusion
American computer scientist (born 1950)
in linear algebra, parallel computing, the use of advanced computer architectures, programming methodology, and tools for parallel computers. His research
Jack_Dongarra
Computational science concept
computing (MTC)[excessive citations] in computational science is an approach to parallel computing that aims to bridge the gap between two computing paradigms:
Many-task_computing
Parallel computing algorithm
In parallel computing, work stealing is a scheduling strategy for multithreaded computer programs. It solves the problem of executing a dynamically multithreaded
Work_stealing
Cluster of IBM mainframes
computing, a Parallel Sysplex is a cluster of IBM mainframes acting together as a single system image with z/OS. Used for disaster recovery, Parallel
IBM_Parallel_Sysplex
Computer architecture that utilizes multiple, different processing methods
exist. Heterogeneous computing hardware can be found in every domain of computing—from high-end servers and high-performance computing machines all the way
Heterogeneous_computing
Computer systems capable of one petaFLOPS
Petascale computing refers to high-power computing systems capable of performing at least 1 quadrillion (1015) arithmetic, or floating-point operations
Petascale_computing
American supercomputer and AI firm (1983–1994)
work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) on massively parallel computing architectures into a commercial product named the Connection Machine
Thinking_Machines_Corporation
American mathematician and educator
abstract and algorithmic graph theory, as well as data visualization and parallel computing. Dean received his B.S. in Mathematics and Physics from Mississippi
Nathaniel Dean (mathematician)
Nathaniel_Dean_(mathematician)
Database of handwritten digits
training data at Parallel Computing Center, Khmelnytskyi, Ukraine". Retrieved 16 November 2016. Romanuke, Vadim. "Parallel Computing Center (Khmelnytskyi
MNIST_database
Molecular dynamics software program
; Grama, A.Y. (2012). "Parallel reactive molecular dynamics: Numerical methods and algorithmic techniques". Parallel Computing. 38 (4–5). Elsevier: 245–259
LAMMPS
Specialist field of computer science
Computational science, also known as scientific computing, technical computing or scientific computation (SC), is a division of science, and more specifically
Computational_science
Type of integrated circuit
Work Farms on a Massively Parallel Processor Array. 2008 16th International Symposium on Field-Programmable Custom Computing Machines. IEEE Computer Society
Massively parallel processor array
Massively_parallel_processor_array
Software that translates code from one programming language to another
code. Theoretical computing concepts developed by scientists, mathematicians, and engineers formed the basis of digital modern computing development during
Compiler
academic conferences in the fields of distributed computing, parallel computing, and concurrent computing. The conferences listed here are major conferences
List of distributed computing conferences
List_of_distributed_computing_conferences
Map is an idiom in parallel computing where a simple operation is applied to all elements of a sequence, potentially in parallel. It is used to solve
Map_(parallel_pattern)
Computer architecture to aid parallelism
for an application in a system-on-a-chip. No instruction set computing – Type of computing architecture One-instruction set computer – Abstract machine
Very_long_instruction_word
Open standard for programming heterogenous computing systems, such as CPUs or GPUs
platform and execute programs on the compute devices. OpenCL provides a standard interface for parallel computing using task- and data-based parallelism
OpenCL
Type of low-level computer architecture
software architectures today including database engine designs and parallel computing frameworks.[citation needed] Synchronous dataflow architectures tune
Dataflow_architecture
Execution model which allows for parallel computing
In computing, POSIX Threads, commonly known as pthreads (after its header <pthread.h>), is an execution model that exists independently from a programming
Pthreads
Form of parallel computing
Bit-level parallelism is a form of parallel computing based on increasing processor word size. Increasing the word size reduces the number of instructions
Bit-level_parallelism
Open standard for parallel computing
Apress. Team, Editorial (2019-12-16). "Heterogeneous Computing Programming: oneAPI and Data Parallel C++". insideBIGDATA. Retrieved 2020-02-11. "The Khronos
OneAPI_(compute_acceleration)
Commodity computing (also known as commodity cluster computing) involves the use of large numbers of already-available computing components for parallel computing
Commodity_computing
American computer scientist
motion planning, computational biology, computational geometry and parallel computing. Amato is the Abel Bliss Professor of Engineering and Head of the
Nancy_M._Amato
Parallel programming model paradigm in computer science
supporting parallel scientific computing on distributed arrays X10 a parallel language developed by IBM under the DARPA HPCS project Fortress a parallel language
Partitioned global address space
Partitioned_global_address_space
Parallel computing architecture
In computing, multiple instruction, single data (MISD) is a type of parallel computing architecture where many functional units perform different operations
Multiple instruction, single data
Multiple_instruction,_single_data
Type of computing cluster
processing to be shared among them. The result is a high-performance parallel computing cluster from inexpensive personal computer hardware. Beowulf originally
Beowulf_cluster
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up vectorization in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Vectorization may refer to: Array programming, a style of computer programming where operations
Vectorization
Computing using molecular biology hardware
DNA computing is an emerging branch of unconventional computing which uses DNA, biochemistry, and molecular biology hardware, instead of the traditional
DNA_computing
Microprocessor with more than one processing unit
"Guided Resource Organisation in Heterogeneous Parallel Computing". Journal of High Performance Computing. 4 (1): 13–23. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.37.4309. Bright
Multi-core_processor
Indian computer science academic
of Manchester. Her areas of research were in the fields of parallel computing, grid computing and wireless sensor networks (WSN). After graduating in 1987
Nandini_Mukherjee
Free and open-source job scheduler for Linux and similar computers
network topology in order to optimize locality of task assignments on parallel computers. It provides three key functions: allocating exclusive and/or
Slurm_Workload_Manager
Subfield of computer science
science, analysis of parallel algorithms is the process of finding the computational complexity of algorithms executed in parallel – the amount of time
Analysis of parallel algorithms
Analysis_of_parallel_algorithms
Dutch computer scientist
associate editor of several scientific journals (e.g. Parallel Computing, J. Image and Vision Computing, etc.). He co-organized and co-chaired several editions
Nicolai_Petkov
Synchronization method in parallel computing
In parallel computing, a barrier is a synchronization method. A barrier for a group of threads or processes in the source code means that all thread/process
Barrier_(computer_science)
Internal code for computer graphics
Intermediate Representation (SPIR) is an intermediate language for parallel computing and graphics by Khronos Group. It is used in multiple execution environments
Standard Portable Intermediate Representation
Standard_Portable_Intermediate_Representation
Software development product by Intel
development on Windows, macOS and Linux in C++ and Fortran for parallel computing. Parallel programming enables software programs to take advantage of multi-core
Intel_Parallel_Studio
PARALLEL COMPUTING
PARALLEL COMPUTING
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Example; Allegory; Parable
Boy/Male
Shakespearean
All's Well That Ends Well.' A follower of Bertram, Count of Rousillon.
Girl/Female
Biblical
Parables, governing.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : occupational name from Middle English combere, an agent derivative of Old English camb ‘comb’, referring perhaps to a maker or seller of combs, or to someone who used them to prepare wool or flax for spinning. This was an alternative process to carding, and caused the wool fibers to lie more or less parallel to one another, so that the cloth produced had a hard, smooth finish without a nap.English : variant of Coomber.Probably an Americanized spelling of German Kommer or Kammer.
Biblical
parables; governing
Girl/Female
Muslim
Example, Allegory, Parable
Girl/Female
Biblical
A parable, governing.
Biblical
a parable; governing
PARALLEL COMPUTING
PARALLEL COMPUTING
Boy/Male
Hindu
A huge serpent
Male
German
 German form of Latin Nicolaus, NIKOLAUS means "victor of the people." Compare with another form of Nikolaus.
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Without flaw.
Male
German
Low German form of Old High German Dietrich, TEDERICH means "first of the people; king of nations."
Boy/Male
Danish, German, Swedish
Famous; Victory; Bright
Girl/Female
Irish Italian Greek Swedish
Kind.
Boy/Male
Arabic
Strong Men
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Blessed.
Male
English
Anglicized form of Hebrew Nebuwkadnetstsar, NEBUCHADNEZZAR means "Nebo, defend my crown" or "Nebo, defend my firstborn son." In the bible, this is the name of a ruler of Babylon who conquered Judah and Jerusalem and destroyed temples.
Boy/Male
Irish
Bare.
PARALLEL COMPUTING
PARALLEL COMPUTING
PARALLEL COMPUTING
PARALLEL COMPUTING
PARALLEL COMPUTING
a.
Meeting and intersecting, as lines; not parallel; -- opposed to parallel.
a.
Extended in the same direction, and in all parts equally distant; as, parallel lines; parallel planes.
n.
A line which, throughout its whole extent, is equidistant from another line; a parallel line, a parallel plane, etc.
imp. & p. p.
of Parallel
v. i.
To be parallel; to correspond; to be like.
v. t.
Fig.: To make to conform to something else in character, motive, aim, or the like.
a.
Having opposite surfaces exactly plane and parallel, as a piece of glass.
v. t.
To place or set so as to be parallel; to place so as to be parallel to, or to conform in direction with, something else.
v. t.
To render parallel.
v. t.
To produce or adduce as a parallel.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Parallel
a.
Continuing a resemblance through many particulars; applicable in all essential parts; like; similar; as, a parallel case; a parallel passage.
v. t.
To represent by parable.
v. t.
To equal; to match; to correspond to.
n.
One of a series of long trenches constructed before a besieged fortress, by the besieging force, as a cover for troops supporting the attacking batteries. They are roughly parallel to the line of outer defenses of the fortress.
n.
One of the imaginary circles on the surface of the earth, parallel to the equator, marking the latitude; also, the corresponding line on a globe or map.
adv.
In a parallel manner; with parallelism.
n.
A comparison made; elaborate tracing of similarity; as, Johnson's parallel between Dryden and Pope.
n.
A comparison; a similitude; specifically, a short fictitious narrative of something which might really occur in life or nature, by means of which a moral is drawn; as, the parables of Christ.
n.
A character consisting of two parallel vertical lines (thus, ) used in the text to direct attention to a similarly marked note in the margin or at the foot of a page.