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1984 book by Robert Axelrod
The Evolution of Cooperation is a 1984 book written by political scientist Robert Axelrod that expands upon a paper of the same name written by Axelrod
The_Evolution_of_Cooperation
Groups of organisms acting for mutual benefit
In evolution, cooperation is the process where groups of organisms work or act together for common or mutual benefits. It is commonly defined as any adaptation
Cooperation_(evolution)
Groups working or acting together
cultural evolution. Language allows humans to cooperate on a very large scale. Certain studies have suggested that fairness affects human cooperation; individuals
Cooperation
Change in the heritable traits of populations
level above the individual, such as group selection, may allow the evolution of cooperation. Genetic drift is the random fluctuation of allele frequencies
Evolution
Independent evolution of similar features
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages. Convergent evolution creates analogous structures
Convergent_evolution
British psychologist
who is a Professor of Evolution and Behaviour at University College London. Her research considers the evolution of cooperation in nature. She was elected
Nichola_Raihani
Study of the evolution of life
synthesis. These include speciation, the evolution of sexual reproduction, the evolution of cooperation, the evolution of ageing, and evolvability. Some evolutionary
Evolutionary_biology
Armoured fighting vehicle
The ASCOD 2 (Austrian Spanish Cooperation Development 2), also known as the ASCOD SV (Special Vehicle) is an evolution of the ASCOD armoured vehicle with
ASCOD_2
Objections to evolution have been raised since evolutionary ideas came to prominence in the 19th century. When Charles Darwin published his 1859 book
Objections_to_evolution
Scientific view of guided evolution by God
Theistic evolution (also known as theistic evolutionism or God-guided evolution, or alternatively called evolutionary creationism) is a view that God acts
Theistic_evolution
British public service broadcaster
performer". On the other hand, the BBC was "keenly interested" in a cooperation with the recording companies who "in recent years ... have not been slow
BBC
1996 book by Matt Ridley
(Review) L. Markoczy & J. Goldberg (1997) The virtue of human universals and cooperation: A review essay of Matt Ridley's The Origins of Virtue v t e v t e
The_Origins_of_Virtue
1984 compilation album by various artists
" in the album title is a backronym for "Peace, Energy, Action, Cooperation, Evolution". P.E.A.C.E. features 55 hardcore punk acts from around the world
International P.E.A.C.E. Benefit Compilation
International_P.E.A.C.E._Benefit_Compilation
Discussion of the meaning and usage of the terms evolution, fact and theory
Many scientists and philosophers of science have described evolution as fact and theory, a phrase which was used as the title of an article by paleontologist
Evolution_as_fact_and_theory
Eurasian multilateral security organisation
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a Eurasian political, economic and international security organisation of ten member states. It focuses
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation
The evolution of cetaceans is thought to have proceeded in modern day Pakistan during the Eocene epoch (56–34 mya), the second epoch of the Paleogene
Evolution_of_cetaceans
Religious rejection of evolution
Recurring cultural, political, and theological rejection of evolution by religious groups exists regarding the origins of the Earth, of humanity, and
Rejection of evolution by religious groups
Rejection_of_evolution_by_religious_groups
Mechanism favouring cooperative traits
reciprocity was proposed by Robert Trivers as a mechanism for the evolution of cooperation. If there are repeated encounters between the same two players
Reciprocity_(evolution)
Clade of insects
Scott (2012). "3 Evolution and ecological implications of 'specialized' pollinator rewards". In Patiny, Sébastien (ed.). Evolution of Plant-Pollinator
Bee
Country in West Africa
United Nations, African Union, Organisation of Islamic Cooperation, South Atlantic Peace and Cooperation Zone, Francophonie, Commonwealth of Nations, and Economic
Togo
Behavioral theory
instincts and the evolution of cooperation. London: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-026445-0. OCLC 38933813. Boone, James L. (1998). "The evolution of magnanimity:
Costly signaling theory in evolutionary psychology
Costly_signaling_theory_in_evolutionary_psychology
1902 essay collection by Peter Kropotkin
History of science portal Books portal A Darwinian Left: Politics, Evolution and Cooperation Ethology Evolutionary anthropology List of books about anarchism
Mutual Aid: A Factor of Evolution
Mutual_Aid:_A_Factor_of_Evolution
S2CID 4828678. Nowak, Martin A. (December 8, 2006). "Five rules for the evolution of cooperation". Science. 314 (5805): 1560–1563. Bibcode:2006Sci...314.1560N.
History of evolutionary thought
History_of_evolutionary_thought
Intelligence of machines
avoid the worst outcomes, establishing safety guidelines will require cooperation among those competing in use of AI. In 2023, many leading AI experts
Artificial_intelligence
Accumulation of genetic differences
Divergent evolution or divergent selection is the accumulation of differences between closely related populations within a species, sometimes leading
Divergent_evolution
global system is possible, the understanding of interdependence and cooperation, an added level of social identity including all human beings, the creation
Global_peace_system
Country in Southeast Asia and Oceania
G20, the Non-Aligned Movement, ASEAN, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation. The name Indonesia is usually explained as a compound of the Greek words
Indonesia
Ability to understand or feel what another is feeling
it. Empathic perspective-taking plays important roles in sustaining cooperation in human societies, as studied by evolutionary game theory. In game theoretical
Empathy
Country in North Africa
(AU), Arab League, Arab Maghreb Union (UMA), Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC), the Non-Aligned Movement and the Community of Sahel–Saharan States
Morocco
Variation in support for the theory of evolution
level of support for evolution among scientists, the public, and other groups is a topic that frequently arises in the creation–evolution controversy, and
Level of support for evolution
Level_of_support_for_evolution
Mechanism of evolution by differential reproduction
complement of observable characteristics. It is a key law or mechanism of evolution which changes the heritable traits characteristic of a population or species
Natural_selection
Study of changes in DNA and RNA over time
Molecular evolution describes how inherited DNA and/or RNA change over evolutionary time, and the consequences of this for proteins and other components
Molecular_evolution
American evolutionary biologist (born 1962)
research includes work on the evolution of cooperation, the evolution of altruism, the evolution of aggression, the evolution of culture, the process of
Lee_Dugatkin
West uses theoretical and empirical approaches to explain the evolution of cooperation, communication, and sex ratio. With with John Krebs and Nicholas
Stuart_West
The evolution of mammals has passed through many stages since the first appearance of their synapsid ancestors in the Pennsylvanian sub-period of the
Evolution_of_mammals
Country in Oceania
the G20, the OECD, the World Trade Organization, Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, the Pacific Islands Forum, the Pacific Community and the Commonwealth
Australia
Emergence of human moral behavior over the course of human evolution
genetic and cultural evolution. Religion likely evolved by building on morality, introducing supernatural agents to encourage cooperation and restrain selfishness
Evolution_of_morality
Country in Southeast Asia
Movement, ASEAN, and BIMSTEC. Myanmar is a Dialogue Partner of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The country is very rich in natural resources, such as
Myanmar
Host and associated species living as a discrete ecological unit
organic nutrients, participating in defense mechanisms, or by driving the evolution of the host. There is still some controversy surrounding these terms,
Holobiont
Theory in evolutionary biology
equilibrium is commonly contrasted with phyletic gradualism, the idea that evolution generally occurs uniformly by the steady and gradual transformation of
Punctuated_equilibrium
Head of state and government of the US
Archived August 6, 2020, at the Wayback Machine "George Washington and the Evolution of the American Commander in Chief". The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
President of the United States
President_of_the_United_States
Country in northern Europe
and Russians in the Finnish Civil War, and briefly occupied Åland in cooperation with the German Empire. As in the First World War, Sweden remained officially
Sweden
Canadian forest ecologist (born 1960)
modern proponent of cooperation The Overstory – Richard Powers' 2018 Pulitzer Prize winning novel Lynn Margulis - considered cooperation a general pattern
Suzanne_Simard
Country in Southeast and Central Europe
declaration of independence did not violate international law. Serbia began cooperation and dialogue with NATO in 2006, when the country joined the Partnership
Serbia
Military coalition of World War II
the German–Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Cooperation and Demarcation on 28 September. German and Soviet cooperation against Poland in 1939 has been described
Allies_of_World_War_II
Modular space station in low Earth orbit
first space station built, maintained and crewed through international cooperation and the largest human spacecraft ever constructed. It is an orbital research
International_Space_Station
First-century Jewish preacher and religious leader
Mysticism Pacifism Prosperity Supremacy Terrorism Traditionalist Catholicism Cooperation Christendom Ecumenism Charta Oecumenica World Council of Churches World
Jesus
Similar evolution in distinct species
Parallel evolution is the similar development of a trait in distinct species that are not closely related, but share a similar original trait in response
Parallel_evolution
1949–1991 international economic union
Council Committee for Cooperation in Planning, Council Committee for Scientific and Technical Cooperation, Council Committee for Cooperation in Material and
Comecon
French naturalist (1744–1829)
academic, and soldier. He was an early proponent of the idea that biological evolution occurred and proceeded in accordance with natural laws, though the mechanism
Jean-Baptiste_Lamarck
Form of art using sound
animal song, selection pressures underlying music evolution", and "music evolution and human evolution". It seeks to understand music perception and activity
Music
Topics referred to by the same term
Cooperation: Cooperation - as used in the social sciences. Co-operation (evolution) - co-operative behaviors in biology Cooperative - economic model Microbial
Cooperation_(disambiguation)
Non-technical overview of the subject of biological evolution
In biology, evolution is the process of change in all forms of life over generations, and evolutionary biology is the study of how evolution occurs. Biological
Introduction_to_evolution
Country in Eastern Europe
the economy. In 2000, Belarus and Russia signed a treaty for greater cooperation, forming the Union State. The country has been a member of the United
Belarus
Supreme law of the United States
requirements Visa policy United States and the United Nations United States–Gulf Cooperation Council relations United States portal Politics portal v t e
Constitution of the United States
Constitution_of_the_United_States
Second-largest Christian church
common: "Christ became man by the good will of the Father and by the cooperation of the Holy Spirit. Christ sends the Holy Spirit who proceeds from the
Eastern_Orthodox_Church
Continent
indigenous peoples had a variety of reactions, including curiosity, trading, cooperation, resignation, and resistance. The indigenous population declined substantially
North_America
Ideology supporting both civil and economic liberties
the 19th century. The evolution from classical to social/welfare liberalism is for example reflected in Britain in the evolution of the thought of John
Classical_liberalism
Second-highest constitutional office in the United States
25, 2008. Harold C. Relyea (February 13, 2001). "The Vice Presidency: Evolution of the Modern Office, 1933–2001" (PDF). Congressional Research Service
Vice President of the United States
Vice_President_of_the_United_States
Leader of Cuba from 1959 to 2011
Caribbean integration since the late 1990s, saying that only strengthened cooperation between Caribbean countries would prevent their domination by rich nations
Fidel_Castro
Country in South Asia
government, East Pakistan experienced civil unrest with the 1971 non-cooperation movement, which led to the Bangladesh Liberation War following a violent
Bangladesh
Country in the Caribbean
2008, the European Union and Cuba agreed to resume full relations and cooperation activities. Cuba is a founding member of the Bolivarian Alliance for
Cuba
American psychologist
A. (2011). "Is cooperation viable in mobile organisms? Simple Walk Away rule favors the evolution of cooperation in groups". Evolution and Human Behavior
Athena_Aktipis
Island country in the Atlantic Ocean
Iceland is a Nordic country, and it participates in intergovernmental cooperation through the Nordic Council. Iceland is a member of the European Economic
Iceland
Political philosophy emphasising social ownership of production
particularly socialist society, namely sociality, social responsibility, cooperation and planning. In his study Ideologies and Political Theory (1996), Michael
Socialism
Standard example in game theory
prisoner's dilemma was kindled by Robert Axelrod in his 1984 book The Evolution of Cooperation, in which he reports on a tournament that he organized of the N-step
Prisoner's_dilemma
Species of canine
Coppinger, R.; Schneider, R. (1995). "Evolution of working dogs". In Serpell, J. (ed.). The Domestic Dog: Its Evolution, Behaviour and Interactions With People
Wolf
Country in West Asia
United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.[citation needed] Owing to its geographic location, Yemen has been at
Yemen
Transition of human species to anthropologically modern behavior
cultural adaptation, social norms, language, and extensive help and cooperation beyond close kin. Within the tradition of evolutionary anthropology and
Behavioral_modernity
Country in East Africa
The Masai caused much strife in the areas they conquered; however, cooperation between such groups as the Luo people, Luhya people, and Gusii people
Kenya
Austrian novelist and pacifist (1843–1914)
ennoblement are such that they can only be fulfilled through fair and equal cooperation between the sexes", she wrote. In Lay Down Your Arms, the protagonist
Bertha_von_Suttner
Capital and largest city of Poland
the original on 10 June 2020. Retrieved 2 August 2020. "Friendship and cooperation agreements". Paris: Marie de Paris. Archived from the original on 3 April
Warsaw
Country in Southeastern Europe
expanded with accession to NATO in March 2004 and the US-Bulgarian Defence Cooperation Agreement signed in April 2006. Bezmer and Graf Ignatievo air bases,
Bulgaria
American politician and diplomat (born 1947)
Committee on Aging. She was also a member of the Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe (2001–2009). Following the September 11 terrorist attacks,
Hillary_Clinton
Austrian neurologist and founder of psychoanalysis (1856–1939)
Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books. p. 546. ISBN 978-0-465-01673-0. Docherty, John P.; Colbert, Brett M. (2024). "The evolution of
Sigmund_Freud
City in southern France
addition, Marseille has signed various types of formal agreements of cooperation with 24* Cities all over the world: Agadir, Morocco (2003) Alexandria
Marseille
Evolution on a scale at or above the level of species
microevolution is evolution occurring within the population(s) of a single species. In other words, microevolution is the scale of evolution that is limited
Macroevolution
2011 book by Robert Axelrod
The Complexity of Cooperation, by Robert Axelrod, is the sequel to The Evolution of Cooperation. It is a compendium of seven articles that previously
The_Complexity_of_Cooperation
Marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean
feature of the Gulf of Mexico Territorial evolution of the Caribbean, timeline of the territorial evolution of the Caribbean Tunica Mound, Undersea mound
Gulf_of_Mexico
Country in Central Europe (1949–1990)
policies to be followed in the occupied zones quickly led to a breakdown in cooperation among the four powers, and the Soviets administered their zone without
East_Germany
Prime Minister of India since 2014
agreement with Russian president Vladimir Putin to extend military technical cooperation. The Modi government bought the S-400 missile system, an anti-missile
Narendra_Modi
Animal behavior hypothesis
driving force in the evolution of human intelligence. To succeed within social groups, individuals must strike a balance between cooperation and competition
Machiavellian intelligence hypothesis
Machiavellian_intelligence_hypothesis
US non-profit organization
The Evolution Institute (EI) is a non-profit organization whose mission is to apply science-based solutions and use evidence-based best practices to solve
Evolution_Institute
Special case of mutualism
(1999-02-01). "The evolution of mutualisms: exploring the paths between conflict and cooperation". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 14 (2): 49–53. doi:10
Obligate_mutualism
Process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species
opportunity can be the loss of antagonists (competitors or predators), the evolution of a key innovation, or dispersal to a new environment. Any one of these
Adaptive_radiation
Romance language
expand as a global language of diplomacy, development, and multilateral cooperation. Several non-Francophone countries, including Rwanda, Ethiopia, Ghana
French_language
President of Russia from 1991 to 1999
twenty-five documents ranging from cooperation in technology to space exploration. During the 1990s, cooperation between China and Russia was facilitated
Boris_Yeltsin
Process which formed the domestic dog
assume that canid sociality and cooperation are old traits that in terms of evolution predate human sociality and cooperation. Today's wolves may even be
Domestication_of_the_dog
1978 peace treaty
1980s. International Affairs, 61(1), 91–107. Tow W.T. (1983). Sino-Japanese Security Cooperation: Evolution and Prospects. Pacific Affairs, 56(1), 51–84.
Treaty of Peace and Friendship between Japan and China
Treaty_of_Peace_and_Friendship_between_Japan_and_China
Atlantis (defunct) Black Market Reloaded (defunct) Dream Market (defunct) Evolution (defunct) Hansa (defunct) Hydra market (defunct) Sheep Marketplace (defunct)
List_of_Tor_onion_services
Country in East Africa
smartphone in Rwanda. Following its launch in 2024, Airtel Rwanda, in cooperation with the Rwandan government, released the most affordable smartphone
Rwanda
Qatari news media organization
aims to promote dialogue and build bridges of mutual understanding and cooperation between cultures, civilizations, and religions. The center also contains
Al_Jazeera_Media_Network
Study of the evolution of nervous systems
neuroscience is the scientific study of the evolution of nervous systems. Evolutionary neuroscientists investigate the evolution and natural history of nervous system
Evolutionary_neuroscience
Proposed mechanism of evolution
populations can temporarily store the benefit of local cooperation and promote the evolution of cooperation and altruism. By assuming individual differences
Group_selection
Indigenous peoples of the United States
charged with tension and emotion, but also had moments of friendship, cooperation, and intimacy. Marriages took place in English, French, Russian and Spanish
Native Americans in the United States
Native_Americans_in_the_United_States
Autonomous territory of Denmark
the Danish educational system; there is an agreement on educational cooperation between the Faroe Islands and Denmark. In 2012 the public spending on
Faroe_Islands
Characteristic of a group of organisms with a common ancestor
though the suggestion of substantial horizontal gene transfer during early evolution has led to questions about the monophyly (single ancestry) of life. 6
Common_descent
North American cult and pyramid scheme
NXIVM cult leader Lauren Salzman avoids jail time after 'extraordinary' cooperation". NBC News. Aurthur, Kate (September 8, 2021). "NXIVM Co-Founder Nancy
NXIVM
1926 book by Jan Smuts
Holism and Evolution is a 1926 book by South African statesman Jan Smuts, in which he coined the word "holism", although Smuts' meaning differs from the
Holism_and_Evolution
Ethnic group
proposed unions aimed to create a unified Arab entity that would promote cooperation and integration among Arab countries. However, the initiatives faced
Arabs
COOPERATION EVOLUTION
COOPERATION EVOLUTION
Boy/Male
Celebrity, Hindu, Indian
Creator of the Universe; Growth; Evolution; Similar to Brahma
Girl/Female
Tamil
Yashshri | யஷà¯à®·à¯à®°à¯€Â
Cooperative
Yashshri | யஷà¯à®·à¯à®°à¯€Â
Boy/Male
Hindu
Victorious, Cooperative
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Telugu
Free; Grandson of Lord Krishna; Cooperative
Girl/Female
Hindu
Cooperative
Female
Japanese
(1-æ, 2- 京, 3- å”, 4- 郷) Variant spelling of Japanese unisex Kyou, KYO means 1) "apricot," 2) "capital," 3) "cooperation," or 4) "village."Â
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi
Fame; Cooperative
Boy/Male
Tamil
Anirudha | அநீரà¯à®¤à®¾
Victorious, Cooperative
Anirudha | அநீரà¯à®¤à®¾
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Evolution; Progress
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Sanskrit, Telugu
Creator of the Universe; Growth; Evolution
Surname or Lastname
English (mainly East Anglia)
English (mainly East Anglia) : nickname for a lordly, impressive, or sharp-eyed man, from Middle English egle ‘eagle’ (from Old French aigle, from Latin aquila).English (of Norman origin) : habitational name from Laigle in Orne, France, the name of which ostensibly means ‘the eagle’, although it is possible that the recorded forms result from the operation of early folk etymology on some unknown original. Matilda de Aquila is recorded in 1129 as the widow of Robert Mowbray, Earl of Northumberland.Jewish : translation into English of Adler.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Anirudhha | அநிரூத
Victorious, Cooperative
Anirudhha | அநிரூத
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Creation; Evolution; Construction
Boy/Male
Hindu
The exact meaning of this name would be evolution also can mean progress
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Amiable and Cooperative
Boy/Male
Hindu
Victorious, Cooperative
Boy/Male
Tamil
Avirbhav | அவிரà¯à®ªà®¾à®µ
The exact meaning of this name would be evolution also can mean progress
Avirbhav | அவிரà¯à®ªà®¾à®µ
Girl/Female
Tamil
Amiable and cooperative
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Method; Way; Mode; Manner; Operation; Process
Female
Japanese
(1-æ, 2- 京, 3- å”, 4- 郷) Japanese unisex name KYOU means 1) "apricot," 2) "capital," 3) "cooperation," or 4) "village."Â
COOPERATION EVOLUTION
COOPERATION EVOLUTION
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Light
Female
Russian
(Слава) Russian unisex name SLAVA means "glory."
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
King
Boy/Male
Bengali, Indian
Beautiful
Girl/Female
British, English, French, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Indonesian
Earring; Strong; Sacrifice
Boy/Male
English Shakespearean
From the south spring.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Beauteous Light
Boy/Male
Tamil
Vishvag | விஷà¯à®µà®¾à®•
Lord Brahma
Boy/Male
Celtic, Christian, German, Irish
Intelligent; Noble; High; Bear-like Valor
COOPERATION EVOLUTION
COOPERATION EVOLUTION
COOPERATION EVOLUTION
COOPERATION EVOLUTION
COOPERATION EVOLUTION
n.
Joint help; cooperation.
n.
Joint efficiency; cooperation.
n.
Something to be done; some transformation to be made upon quantities, the transformation being indicated either by rules or symbols.
n.
The association of a number of persons for their benefit.
n.
Effect produced; influence.
n.
The method of working; mode of action.
n.
That which is operated or accomplished; an effect brought about in accordance with a definite plan; as, military or naval operations.
n.
One who labors jointly with others to promote the same end.
n.
A making ready; provision.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Cooperate
n.
Mutual help; cooperation.
a.
Operating jointly to the same end.
n.
Any methodical action of the hand, or of the hand with instruments, on the human body, to produce a curative or remedial effect, as in amputation, etc.
n.
Concurrence; cooperation.
a.
Cooperating.
n.
The act of hastening; haste.
n.
A body politic or corporate, formed and authorized by law to act as a single person, and endowed by law with the capacity of succession; a society having the capacity of transacting business as an individual.
n.
The act of choosing; selection; choice.
n.
The act of cooperating, or of operating together to one end; joint operation; concurrent effort or labor.
n.
Agency; influence; production of effects.