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Independent evolution of similar features
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages. Convergent evolution creates analogous structures
Convergent_evolution
Examples of separate lineages of organisms developing similar characteristics
Convergent evolution—the repeated evolution of similar traits in multiple lineages which all ancestrally lack the trait—is rife in nature, as illustrated
List of examples of convergent evolution
List_of_examples_of_convergent_evolution
Similar evolution in distinct species
trait in response to similar evolutionary pressure. Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages
Parallel_evolution
Visual sensory organs of cephalopod molluscs
functionality. Contention exists on whether this is truly convergent evolution or parallel evolution. Unlike the vertebrate camera eye, the cephalopods' form
Cephalopod_eye
Group of tree dwelling mammals noted for slowness
sloths an example of convergent evolution to an arboreal lifestyle, "one of the most striking examples of convergent evolution known among mammals".
Sloth
State of decreased physiological activity in an animal
species (such as mice), and in many families of bats as a result of convergent evolution. During the active part of their day, such animals maintain normal
Torpor
Entity with human form or characteristics
byproduct of convergent evolution. Although there are no known humanoid species outside the genus Homo, the theory of convergent evolution speculates that
Humanoid
Limbless, scaly, elongate reptile
limbs or with greatly reduced limbs at least twenty-five times via convergent evolution, leading to many lineages of legless lizards. These resemble snakes
Snake
Members of the insect family Gryllotalpidae
family Talpidae with their powerful front limbs, form an example of convergent evolution, both developing adaptations for burrowing. Adults of most species
Mole_cricket
Class of mollusks
(2008). "Charting Evolution's Trajectory: Using Molluscan Eye Diversity to Understand Parallel and Convergent Evolution". Evolution: Education and Outreach
Cephalopod
Evolution of crustaceans into crab-like forms
Carcinisation (American English: carcinization) is a form of convergent evolution in which non-crab crustaceans evolve a crab-like body plan. The term
Carcinisation
"Genetic Evidence for the Convergent Evolution of Light Skin in Europeans and East Asians". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 24 (3): 710–22. doi:10.1093/molbev/msl203
Human_skin_color
Process which formed the domestic dog
humans, as are their responses to treatment and resultant outcomes. Convergent evolution is when distantly related species independently evolve similar solutions
Domestication_of_the_dog
Venom produced by the platypus
in reptilian venom production. This appears to be an example of convergent evolution of venom genes from existing immune system genes (defensins). A unique
Platypus_venom
Topics referred to by the same term
refer to: Convergent boundary, a type of plate tectonic boundary Convergent (continued fraction) Convergent evolution Convergent series Convergent may also
Convergent
Group of mammals that walk on the tips of their toes or hooves
striking example of convergent evolution. There is some dispute as to whether this smaller Euungulata is a cladistic (evolution-based) group, or merely
Ungulate
Bond formed between animals of different species
selection of behavioural skills provides a typical environment for convergent evolution. There is a wide range of shared general and specific social skills
Interspecies_friendship
Family of mammals
Because mongooses and mustelids occupy similar ecological niches, convergent evolution has led to similarity in form and behavior. Several mustelids, including
Mustelidae
Group of extinct animals
regard, these saber-toothed mammals can be viewed as examples of convergent evolution. This convergence is remarkable due not only to the development of
Saber-toothed_predator
Accumulation of genetic differences
of evolution and is distinct from convergent evolution and parallel evolution, although it does share similarities with the other types of evolution. Convergent
Divergent_evolution
Fish that can generate electric fields
electric field to remain stable for electrolocation. There has been convergent evolution in these features among the mormyrids and gymnotids. Electric fish
Electric_fish
Characteristic of a group of organisms with a common ancestor
Similarities which have no adaptive relevance cannot be explained by convergent evolution, and therefore they provide compelling support for universal common
Common_descent
Repeated evolution of a particular trait
common than transversions. The concept encompasses both convergent evolution and parallel evolution; it can be used to describe the observation of similar
Recurrent_evolution
Species of bird
between the prairie falcon and the hierofalcons are a good example of convergent evolution, with the prairie falcon and similar looking and behaving Old World
Prairie_falcon
Cylindrical flower cluster
arisen at least twice independently by convergent evolution, in Fagales and in Salicaceae. Such a convergent evolution raises questions about what the ancestral
Catkin
Method used by several animal species to determine location using sound
Emma C. (July 2009). "Hear, hear: the convergent evolution of echolocation in bats?". Trends in Ecology & Evolution. 24 (7): 351–354. Bibcode:2009TEcoE
Animal_echolocation
Species of fungus
the family Phallaceae, the strong putrid smell of the gleba shows convergent evolution with some angiosperm flowers called sapromyophilous flowers. In a
Clathrus_archeri
Group of crustaceans
crevices. They do not form a single natural group or clade, but have convergently evolved multiple times from the ancestral decapod body plan through carcinisation
Crab
Development of the embryo inside the mother
viviparous modes of reproduction; selective pressures have led to its convergent evolution more than 150 times among the vertebrates alone. There is no one
Viviparity
Large brown seaweeds in the order Laminariales
current niches. Apart from undergoing convergent evolution with plants, species of kelp have undergone convergent evolution within their own phylogeny that
Kelp
Thin component or appendage attached to a larger body or structure
walking gaits of terrestrial tetrapods. In a classic example of convergent evolution, the pectoral limbs of pterosaurs, birds and bats further evolved
Fin
Rodent with a coat of sharp spines
and also the Old World and New World porcupines, are products of convergent evolution. The spines of the various groups also vary markedly. Humans have
Porcupine
Area of land where little precipitation occurs
xerophytic plants have developed similar strategies by a process known as convergent evolution. They limit water loss by reducing the size and number of stomata
Desert
Species of amphibian
the golden mantel, comes from the Latin rubra, red. Convergent evolution is the similar evolution of multiple species found in different habitats. The
Golden_mantella
Pair of small club-shaped insect organs
(11 February 1999). "Ultrabithorax function in butterfly wings and the evolution of insect wing patterns". Current Biology. 9 (3): 109–15. Bibcode:1999CBio
Halteres
Fin on the dorsal of fish and cetaceans
vertebrates. Dorsal fins have evolved independently several times through convergent evolution adapting to marine environments, so the fins are not all homologous
Dorsal_fin
Mammals of the family Leporidae
Similarities between rabbits and rodents were once attributed to convergent evolution, but studies in molecular biology have found a common ancestor between
Rabbit
Infraclass of mammals in the clade Metatheria
resemble placentals and are examples of convergent evolution. This convergence is evident in both brain evolution and behaviour. The extinct thylacine strongly
Marsupial
Species of shark
sharks, even the lamniform basking shark, making it an example of convergent evolution. The appearance of the megamouth is distinctive, but little else
Megamouth_shark
Species of fish
similarities between the southern and northern species are due to convergent evolution. Atlantic bluefin tuna have been recorded at up to 680 kg (1,500 lb)
Atlantic_bluefin_tuna
Extinct species of canine mammal
similarity between dire wolves and gray wolves was concluded to be due to convergent evolution. Members of the wolf-like canines are known to hybridize with each
Dire_wolf
Extinct carnivorous marsupial from Australasia
numerous) throughout Australia and New Guinea. A classic example of convergent evolution, the thylacine showed many similarities to the members of the dog
Thylacine
Genus of molluscs (fossil)
Baculites is an extinct genus of heteromorph ammonite cephalopods with almost straight shells. The genus, which lived worldwide throughout most of the
Baculites
Largest genus of plants in the mint family
least two separate times, through convergent evolution. Walker and Sytsma (2007) clarified this parallel evolution in a later paper combining molecular
Salvia
Organ in electric fish
Williamson, and John Hunter. Charles Darwin used them as an instance of convergent evolution in his 1859 On the Origin of Species. Modern study began with Hans
Electric_organ_(fish)
Birds that cannot fly
evolved in many different birds independently, demonstrating repeated convergent evolution. There were families of flightless birds, such as the now-extinct
Flightless_bird
Extinct genus of bears
; Cooper, Alan (2016-04-30). "Ancient mitochondrial DNA reveals convergent evolution of giant short-faced bears (Tremarctinae) in North and South America"
Arctodus
Family of ray-finned fishes
A sand lance or sandlance is a ray-finned fish belonging to the family Ammodytidae. Several species of sand lances are commonly known as "sand eels", though
Sand_lance
Family of birds
hornbills occupy the same ecological niche as toucans, an example of convergent evolution. The name of this bird group is derived from the Tupi word tukana
Toucan
Birds from the order Strigiformes
now generally accepted to be diurnal birds of prey showing some convergent evolution toward owls. The taxa often united under Strigogyps were formerly
Owl
odd-toed ungulates Genome diversity and karyotype evolution of mammals List of examples of convergent evolution in mammals Juramaia Rougier, Guillermo W.; Martinelli
Evolution_of_mammals
Plants that consume animals
pitfall trap morphology, carnivorous pitchers are an example of convergent evolution. A passive trap, pitfall traps attract prey with nectar bribes secreted
Carnivorous_plant
Species of moth
proboscis while hovering in the air; this resemblance is an example of convergent evolution. The hummingbird hawk-moth was first described by Carl Linnaeus in
Hummingbird_hawk-moth
Extinct genus of octopus
the Late Cretaceous epoch. The authors noted that, as a result of convergent evolution, cephalopods and vertebrates acquired jaws and lost their exoskeletons
Nanaimoteuthis
Life arising from non-living matter
thermoacidophilic archaea live. Hyperthermophily could have been a result of convergent evolution in bacteria and archaea; a mesophilic environment has been called
Abiogenesis
Family of birds
Hemiprocnidae. Resemblances between swifts and swallows are due to convergent evolution, reflecting similar life styles based on catching insects in flight
Swift_(bird)
Set of ethnic groups in Southeast Asia and Andaman islands
novel mechanisms for adaptation to tropical rainforests" through convergent evolution and positive selection, rather than a remnant of a shared common
Negrito
Family of carnivoran mammals
and morphologically similar to canids in several elements due to convergent evolution: both hyenas and canines are non-arboreal, cursorial hunters that
Hyena
Species of wasp
of tarantula hawks in the animal kingdom. Evidence suggests the convergent evolution in perching and patrolling site preferences of H. ustulata with other
Hemipepsis_ustulata
Origins and diversification of the organs of sight through geologic time
2008). "Charting Evolution's Trajectory: Using Molluscan Eye Diversity to Understand Parallel and Convergent Evolution". Evolution: Education and Outreach
Evolution_of_the_eye
Name used for several ant species
often referred to as "legionary behaviour", and may be an example of convergent evolution. Most New World army ants belong to the genera Cheliomyrmex, Neivamyrmex
Army_ant
Property of a group not united by common ancestry
features known as homoplasies, which are explained as a result of convergent evolution. The arrangement of the members of a polyphyletic group is called
Polyphyly
Superorder of mammals containing elephants and elephant shrews
continents were filled by various groups of afrotheres via the process of convergent evolution. The small insectivorous afrotheres such as elephant shrews, golden
Afrotheria
Phylum of marine animals also known as lamp shells
evolved their two valved structure independently, an example of convergent evolution. Brachiopods are part of the broader group Lophophorata, alongside
Brachiopod
Species of bird
order Apodiformes. The resemblances between the groups are due to convergent evolution, reflecting similar contextual development. The swifts' nearest relatives
Common_swift
Paraphyletic group of birds
descent. Some Enantiornithes also had such talons, indicating possible convergent evolution, as enanthiornithines are not considered to be true modern birds
Bird_of_prey
Bony skin-covered spines or rays protruding from the body of a fish
walking gaits of terrestrial tetrapods. In a classic example of convergent evolution, the pectoral limbs of pterosaurs, birds and bats further evolved
Fish_fin
Subphylum of chordates
Aina; Lê, Henrike Semmler; Furu, Anlaug; et al. (4 January 2018). "Convergent evolution of bilaterian nerve cords". Nature. 553 (7686): 45–50. Bibcode:2018Natur
Vertebrate
Hollow extension of a part of a flower
clades across the angiosperms, and are often cited as an example of convergent evolution. Spur length can be an important diagnostic character for taxonomy
Nectar_spur
Origin and subsequent variation and development of neurons and neural tissues and organs
Pang K, Børve A, Lê HS, Furu A, Cannon JT, et al. (January 2018). "Convergent evolution of bilaterian nerve cords". Nature. 553 (7686): 45–50. Bibcode:2018Natur
Evolution_of_nervous_systems
Extinct genus of enigmatic cephalopod
& a descendant of the orthoceratids, and a remarkable example of convergent evolution with coleoid cephalopods, or an oegospid squid and a transitional
Antarcticeras
Family of perching birds
magpie lineage, respectively, or similar to the living forms, due to convergent evolution. The known prehistoric corvid genera appear to be mainly of the New
Corvidae
The evolution of cetaceans is thought to have proceeded in modern day Pakistan during the Eocene epoch (56–34 mya), the second epoch of the Paleogene
Evolution_of_cetaceans
Common name for several snakes
face of an aggressor with 90% accuracy. In a remarkable case of convergent evolution, the individual cobra species evolved the ability to spit venom independently
Spitting_cobra
Science fiction genre
ideas. Such occasions can be called "convergent speculation", similar to the scientific idea of convergent evolution. Perhaps the most famous speculative
Speculative_evolution
Chemical numbering scheme
reaction, then they receive the same EC number. Furthermore, through convergent evolution, completely different protein folds can catalyze an identical reaction
Enzyme_Commission_number
Therizinosaurid genus from the Late Cretaceous period
after relatives) of Therizinosaurus have been cited as an example of convergent evolution with chalicotheriines and other primarily herbivorous mammals, suggesting
Therizinosaurus
Foreleg, or upper limb in bipeds
lobe-finned fish. However, another distinct process may be identified, convergent evolution, by which the wings of birds, bats, and extinct pterosaurs evolved
Forelimb
Superorder of millipedes
Myriapoda and Crustacea, respectively); rather, this is a case of convergent evolution. Pill millipedes are relatively short-bodied compared to most other
Pill_millipede
Fungus-plant symbiotic association
mycorrhizae, emerged multiple times in different lineages of fungi through convergent evolution. Unlike arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, some of these fungi are only
Mycorrhiza
Gain or loss of the same feature independently in separate lineages during evolution
and πλάσσω (plássō), meaning "to shape, to mold". Parallel and convergent evolution lead to homoplasy when different species independently evolve or
Homoplasy
Extinct order of large marine reptiles
years later, which they gradually came to resemble in a case of convergent evolution. Ichthyosaurians were particularly abundant in the Late Triassic
Ichthyosauria
Type of amphibian
they are not closely related to each other. Millions of years of convergent evolution have resulted in very similar morphology even in species that are
Tree_frog
Extinct family of birds
Australasian honeyeaters, but instead represented a striking case of convergent evolution. The authors proposed a family, Mohoidae, for these two extinct genera
Mohoidae
Common name for several species of the falcon genus, Falco
of archaic larger falcon ancestors evolved through a process of convergent evolution to fit a similar small prey niche in the ecosystem as the true kestrels
Kestrel
Order of flying mammals
cutaneous lipid composition of bat wing and tail membranes: a case of convergent evolution with birds". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Bat
Shrub growing in brackish water
consisting of such species. Mangroves are taxonomically diverse due to convergent evolution in several plant families. They occur worldwide in tropical and subtropical
Mangrove
Species of bird from New Guinea
also known as pitohuis which are also poisonous is an example of convergent evolution and Müllerian mimicry. Their appearance is also mimicked by unrelated
Hooded_pitohui
Genus of gastropods
that resembles a fish in body plan and locomotion, an example of convergent evolution. P. atlantica occurs in the (sub) tropical waters of the Atlantic
Phylliroe
Genus of mammals
of the inner ear. Most morphological studies have concluded that convergent evolution is the mechanism that resulted in today's two genera of tree sloths
Two-toed_sloth
Species of woodpecker
not very closely related; the outward similarity is an example of convergent evolution. Why they evolved this way cannot be explained with confidence; it
Downy_woodpecker
Origins of cooperative brood care
for the evolution of eusociality to more likely occur in certain species. Eusociality is likely to be a trait arising from convergent evolution, considering
Evolution_of_eusociality
Most widespread New World vulture
Asia. However, the two groups strongly resemble each other due to convergent evolution. The turkey vulture is a scavenger and feeds almost exclusively on
Turkey_vulture
Common ancestor evolutionary evidence
reflexes are understood to have evolved multiple times independently (convergent evolution). Computer science allows the iteration of self-changing complex
Evidence_of_common_descent
Family of small mammals
very diverse group, as a result of adaptive radiation, and exhibit convergent evolution; some resemble hedgehogs, shrews, opossums, rats, or mice. They occupy
Tenrec
Evolutionary process
the same plants, and even in a bird that feeds on monarchs through convergent evolution, a hallmark of adaptation. Convergence at the gene-level across distantly
Adaptation
Family of birds
realm, toucans occupy the hornbills' ecological niche, an example of convergent evolution. Despite their close appearances, the two groups are not very closely
Hornbill
Genus of snakes
Australasian elapids. Thus, sea kraits and sea snakes are an example of convergent evolution into aquatic habitats within the Hydrophiinae snakes. Sea kraits
Sea_krait
Species of mammal
data on the Paleocene monotreme Monotrematum sudamericanum, and the convergent evolution of triangulate molars" (PDF). Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 47 (3):
Platypus
Relation between sets of properties or facts
genotypes. Innumerable examples of convergent evolution can be used to support this claim. Throughout nature, convergent evolution produces incredibly similar
Supervenience
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Sanskrit, Telugu
Creator of the Universe; Growth; Evolution
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Tamil, Telugu
Creation; Evolution; Construction
Boy/Male
Tamil
Avirbhav | அவிரà¯à®ªà®¾à®µ
The exact meaning of this name would be evolution also can mean progress
Avirbhav | அவிரà¯à®ªà®¾à®µ
Boy/Male
Celebrity, Hindu, Indian
Creator of the Universe; Growth; Evolution; Similar to Brahma
Boy/Male
Hindu
The exact meaning of this name would be evolution also can mean progress
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Easy convenient
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Easy; Convenient
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Sensible; Acquainted; Experienced; Knowing; Learned; Aware of; Conversant with
Girl/Female
Muslim
Easy, Convenient
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Evolution; Progress
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Convergence
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
Boy/Male
Tamil
Merciful Lord Shiva, Compassionate
Girl/Female
British, English, Greek
Cute; Chaste; Holy
Male
Native American
Native American Sioux name MAHKAH means "earth."
Male
English
 Short form of English/Scottish Ronald, RON means "wise ruler." Compare with another form of Ron.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
The Wife of Hzrat Ishaaq (PBUH); A Prophet of Allah Almighty
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Modern
Princess
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Servant of the Giver of Life
Girl/Female
Australian, British, Dutch, English, French, Latin
Loved
Boy/Male
Australian, Hindu, Indian
Always Happy
Girl/Female
Assamese, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Mythological, Sanskrit, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu
Good Song; Auspicious; Bliss
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
CONVERGENT EVOLUTION
a.
Conversant; familiar.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Converge
v. i.
Fit or adapted; suitable; proper; becoming; appropriate.
n.
Alt. of Convergency
n.
Convenient sea room.
n.
Any proposition which is subject to the process of conversion; -- so called in its relation to itself as converted, after which process it is termed the converse. See Converse, n. (Logic).
n.
One who converses with another; a convenser.
v. i.
Near at hand; easy of access.
n.
The condition or quality of converging; tendency to one point.
a.
Familiar; conversant.
a.
Having frequent or customary intercourse; familiary associated; intimately acquainted.
v. i.
To tend to one point; to incline and approach nearer together; as, lines converge.
a.
Tending to one point; approaching each other; convergent; as, converging lines.
a.
Familiar or acquainted by use or study; well-informed; versed; -- generally used with with, sometimes with in.
a.
Tending to tear or pull up.
v. i.
Seasonable; timely; opportune; as, a convenient occasion; a convenient season.
v. i.
Affording accommodation or advantage; well adapted to use; handly; as, a convenient house; convenient implements or tools.
a.
tending to one point of focus; tending to approach each other; converging.
a.
Concerned; occupied.
imp. & p. p.
of Converge