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Type of stable macromolecular complex
A protein complex or multiprotein complex is a group of two or more associated polypeptide chains. Protein complexes are distinct from multidomain enzymes
Protein_complex
Number and arrangement of multiple folded protein subunits in a multi-subunit complex
multiple folded protein subunits in a multi-subunit complex. It includes organizations from simple dimers to large homooligomers and complexes with defined
Protein_quaternary_structure
Biomolecule consisting of chains of amino acid residues
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions
Protein
Physical interactions and constructions between multiple proteins
Multiprotein complex Protein domain dynamics Protein flexibility Protein structure Protein–protein interaction prediction Protein–protein interaction screening
Protein–protein_interaction
Protein family
into the membrane of a protein-coated vesicle, binding to complete the formation of the SNARE complex. Several SNARE proteins are located on both vesicles
SNARE_protein
Structural units of protein involved in photosynthesis
Photosystems are functional and structural units of protein complexes involved in photosynthesis. Together they carry out the primary photochemistry of
Photosystem
The TIM/TOM complex is a protein complex in cellular biochemistry which translocates proteins produced from nuclear DNA through the mitochondrial membrane
TIM/TOM_complex
with the ability to kill cancer cells. Alpha-lactalbumin is the primary protein component of human milk. In a 1995 study, it was discovered by Swedish
HAMLET_(protein_complex)
Assembly of proteins inside biological cells
Protein biosynthesis, or protein synthesis, is a core biological process, occurring inside cells, balancing the loss of cellular proteins (via degradation
Protein_biosynthesis
Openings in nuclear envelope of eukaryotic cells
The nuclear pore complex (NPC) is a large protein complex giving rise to the nuclear pore. A great number of nuclear pores are studded throughout the nuclear
Nuclear_pore_complex
dystrophin-associated protein complex, also known as the dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex is a multiprotein complex that includes dystrophin
Dystrophin-associated protein complex
Dystrophin-associated_protein_complex
The Fenna–Matthews–Olson (FMO) complex is a water-soluble complex and was the first pigment-protein complex (PPC) to be structurally analyzed by x-ray
Fenna–Matthews–Olson_complex
Protein-pigment complex
In biology, a light-harvesting complex, LHC, or antennae complex is an aggregate consisting of proteins bound with chromophores (chlorophylls and carotenoids)
Light-harvesting_complex
Genetic disease causing anemia, birth defects, and cancers
(ROS) that is detected by the FANCM protein. Following assembly, the protein core complex activates FANCL protein, which acts as an E3 ubiquitin-ligase
Fanconi_anemia
Glycoprotein spike on a viral capsid or viral envelope
In virology, a spike protein or peplomer protein is a protein that forms a large structure known as a spike or peplomer projecting from the surface of
Spike_protein
Protein found in humans
AP-2 complex subunit alpha-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AP2A1 gene. This gene encodes the alpha 1 adaptin subunit of the adaptor protein
Adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 1
Adaptor-related_protein_complex_2,_alpha_1
Gene known for its role in breast cancer
form a large multi-subunit protein complex known as the BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC). The BRCA1 protein associates with RNA polymerase
BRCA1
A protein–ligand complex is a complex of a protein bound with a ligand that is formed following molecular recognition between proteins that interact with
Protein–ligand_complex
DNA replication in eukaryotic organisms
machinery in eukaryotic DNA replication is a much larger complex, coordinating many proteins at the site of replication, forming the replisome. The replisome
Eukaryotic_DNA_replication
Type of proteins
stable dimeric complex referred to as the beta-gamma complex . Heterotrimeric G proteins located within the cell are activated by G protein-coupled receptors
G_protein
Biological mechanism for routing proteins
Protein targeting or protein sorting is the biological mechanism by which proteins are transported to their appropriate destinations within or outside
Protein_targeting
Protein complex involved in cellular respiration
NADH dehydrogenase and mitochondrial complex I) is the first large protein complex of the respiratory chains of many organisms from bacteria to humans
Respiratory_complex_I
Substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule
that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose. The etymology stems from Latin ligare, which means 'to bind'. In protein-ligand binding
Ligand_(biochemistry)
cytoskeleton (LINC) complex is a protein complex associated with both inner and outer membranes of the nucleus. It is composed of SUN-domain proteins and KASH-domain
LINC_complex
Class of cell surface receptors coupled to G-protein-associated intracellular signaling
determination of the first structure of the complex between a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) and a G-protein trimer (Gαβγ) in 2011 a new chapter of GPCR
G_protein-coupled_receptor
First protein complex in light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis
Photosystem II (or water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase) is the first protein complex in the light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis. It is
Photosystem_II
Mammalian protein found in humans
C-reactive protein (CRP) is an annular (ring-shaped) pentameric protein found in blood plasma, whose circulating concentration rises in response to inflammation
C-reactive_protein
Protein complex
a protein complex involved in the complement system, which is part of the innate immune system. C1q together with C1r and C1s form the C1 complex. Antibodies
Complement_component_1q
Membrane enclosed compartments in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria
proteins which play an important role in light-harvesting and the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. There are four major protein complexes
Thylakoid
Protein complex that degrades RNA
The exosome complex (or PM/Scl complex, often just called the exosome) is a multi-protein intracellular complex capable of degrading various types of
Exosome_complex
Protein family
beta-gamma complex (Gβγ) is a tightly bound dimeric protein complex, composed of one Gβ and one Gγ subunit, and is a component of heterotrimeric G proteins. Heterotrimeric
G_beta-gamma_complex
Family of DNA sequences found in prokaryotic organisms
RNA molecules called CRISPR RNA (crRNA), which remained bound to the protein complex. Cascade, crRNA and a helicase/nuclease (Cas3) were required to provide
CRISPR
Multi-protein complex
(TRanscription-EXport) complex is a conserved eukaryotic multi-protein complex that couples mRNA transcription and nuclear export. The TREX complex travels across
TREX_complex
Laboratory technique in biochemistry
entire protein complex out of solution and thereby identify unknown members of the complex. This works when the proteins involved in the complex bind to
Immunoprecipitation
Second protein complex in photosynthetic light reactions
plants, and cyanobacteria. Photosystem I is an integral membrane protein complex that uses light energy to catalyze the transfer of electrons across
Photosystem_I
Protein complex assembled on mRNA
An exon junction complex (EJC) is a protein complex which forms on a pre-messenger RNA strand at the junction of two exons which have been joined together
Exon_junction_complex
Aerobic respiration enzyme
cytochrome c oxidase or Complex IV (was EC 1.9.3.1, now reclassified as a translocase EC 7.1.1.9) is a large transmembrane protein complex found in bacteria
Cytochrome_c_oxidase
Protein complex found in bacteria and archaea
is a secretion protein complex found in gram negative bacteria, gram positive bacteria, and archaea. It is able to transport proteins and DNA across the
Type_IV_secretion_system
Protein complexes which degrade ubiquitin-tagged proteins by proteolysis
Proteasomes are essential protein complexes responsible for the degradation of proteins by proteolysis, a chemical reaction that breaks peptide bonds
Proteasome
Topics referred to by the same term
Be'O and Zico, 2022 Complex Networks, publisher of the now-only-online magazine Complex Protein–ligand complex, a complex of a protein bound with a ligand
Complex
Protein complex formed during initiation of DNA replication
A pre-replication complex (pre-RC) is a protein complex that forms at the origin of replication during the initiation step of DNA replication. Formation
Pre-replication_complex
Proteins assisting in protein folding
molecular chaperones are proteins that assist the conformational folding or unfolding of proteins or macromolecular protein complexes. There are a number of
Chaperone_(protein)
Mammalian protein found in humans
rapamycin is a serine-threonine protein kinase that regulates cell growth, cell proliferation, cell motility, cell survival, protein synthesis, autophagy, and
MTOR
Protein
anaphase-promoting complex (APC) and the SCF complex (Skp1-Cullin-F-box protein complex). SCF complexes consist of four proteins: Rbx1, Cul1, Skp1, which
Ubiquitin_ligase
Protein complex on the surface of T cells that recognizes antigens
The T-cell receptor (TCR) is a protein complex, located on the surface of T cells (also called T lymphocytes). They are responsible for recognizing fragments
T-cell_receptor
Family of enzymes
intracellular heterotrimeric G protein complex by protein domain dynamics. The Gs alpha subunit of the stimulated G protein complex exchanges GDP for GTP in
Protein_kinase_A
Protein domain
TOC complexes are translocons located in the chloroplast of a eukaryotic cell, that is, protein complexes that facilitate the transfer of proteins in and
TIC/TOC_complex
Predicted output by AlphaFold indicating expected position error of protein structures
to be more reliable based on CASP14 validation. For single protein chains or entire complexes, AlphaFold2 and AlphaFold3 calculate a predicted Template
Predicted_Aligned_Error
GINS is a protein complex essential to the DNA replication process in the cells of eukaryotes. The complex participates in the initiation and elongation
GINS
Eukaryotic protein complex that removes the 5' cap on mRNA
decapping complex is a protein complex in eukaryotic cells responsible for removal of the 5' cap. The active enzyme of the decapping complex is the bilobed
Decapping_complex
Structural unit of a protein complex
biology, a protein subunit is a polypeptide chain or single protein molecule that assembles (or "coassembles") with others to form a protein complex. Large
Protein_subunit
Molecule that carries genetic information
DNA and ribonucleic acid (RNA) are nucleic acids. Alongside proteins, lipids and complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides), nucleic acids are one of the
DNA
Protein complex
multi-vulval class B (DREAM) complex is a protein complex responsible for the regulation of cell cycle-dependent gene expression. The complex is evolutionarily conserved
DREAM_complex
Protein complex
The membrane attack complex (MAC) or terminal complement complex (TCC) is a complex of proteins typically formed on the surface of pathogen cell membranes
Complement membrane attack complex
Complement_membrane_attack_complex
Protein family
peridinin-chlorophyll-protein complex (PCP or PerCP) is a soluble molecular complex consisting of the peridinin-chlorophyll a-protein bound to peridinin
Peridinin-chlorophyll-protein complex
Peridinin-chlorophyll-protein_complex
Protein complex for polypeptide membrane transport
similar protein complex transports polypeptides across the (inner) plasma membrane or integrates membrane proteins. In either case, the protein complex is
Translocon
Protein family
core complex. A 2020 report suggests that budding yeast ORC dimerizes in a cell cycle dependent manner to control licensing. The following proteins are
Origin_recognition_complex
Cell structure involved in protein transport
The coat protein complex II, or COPII, is a group of proteins that facilitate the formation of vesicles to transport proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum
COPII
Cellular stress response
homeostasis. Stress signals can cause protein kinases, known as EIF-2 kinases, to phosphorylate the α subunit of a protein complex called translation initiation
Integrated_stress_response
Specialized subunit within a cell
structure is made of proteins. MLOs include: large RNA and protein complexes: ribosome, spliceosome, vault large protein complexes: proteasome, DNA polymerase
Organelle
Links clathrin to receptors in coated vesicles
sequence. Adaptor protein (AP) complexes are found in coated vesicles and clathrin-coated pits. AP complexes connect cargo proteins and lipids to clathrin
Clathrin_adaptor_protein
Protein complex
as mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 or mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1, is a protein kinase complex that functions as a nutrient/energy/redox
MTORC1
Process of cells digesting parts of themselves
of Atg6), which is also part of a protein complex. The autophagy-inducible Beclin-1 complex contains the proteins PIK3R4(p150), Atg14L and the class
Autophagy
Large-scale study of proteins
than one protein, through alternative splicing or alternative post-translational modifications. many proteins form complexes with other proteins or RNA
Proteomics
In eukaryotes, they function as the core ATPase subunits of large protein complexes such as condensin, cohesin, and SMC5/6. The term SMC derives from
SMC_protein
Protein family
The endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex (EMC) is a putative endoplasmic reticulum-resident membrane protein (co-)chaperone. The EMC is evolutionarily
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex
Endoplasmic_reticulum_membrane_protein_complex
Protein complex for carrying out biochemical reactions
multienzyme complex is a protein complex containing several copies of one or more enzymes packed into one macromolecular assembly. Multienzyme complexes carry
Multienzyme_complex
Group of cereal grain proteins
structural protein complex naturally found in certain cereal grains. The term gluten usually refers to the elastic network of a wheat grain's proteins, gliadin
Gluten
Thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT) is a protein complex of thrombin and antithrombin. It is a marker of net activation of coagulation. TAT is formed in
Thrombin–antithrombin_complex
Bacterial virulence factor
structures like the flagellar export apparatus. The T3SS is a needle-like protein complex found in several species of pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. The
Type_III_secretion_system
Three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in an amino acid-chain molecule
large protein complexes can be formed from protein subunits. For example, many thousands of actin molecules assemble into a microfilament. A protein usually
Protein_structure
Surface protein in bacteria cell walls
also commonly used to purify proteins or protein complexes indirectly through antibodies against the protein or protein complex of interest. The first reference
Protein_A
Proteins that bind with DNA
Structural proteins that bind DNA are well-understood examples of non-specific DNA-protein interactions. Within chromosomes, DNA is held in complexes with structural
DNA-binding_protein
Group of six protein isoforms produced from the MAPT gene
The tau proteins (abbreviated from tubulin associated unit) form a group of six highly soluble protein isoforms produced by alternative splicing from the
Tau_protein
Enzyme
far more complex than that of the FO particle and the ring with about 30 rotating proteins is far larger than the 10, 11, or 14 helical proteins in the
ATP_synthase
Species of bacterium
fixing bacterium, i.e., it can express and regulate nitrogenase, a protein complex that can catalyse the conversion of atmospheric dinitrogen into ammonia
Rhodospirillum_rubrum
Protein complexes present on the cell membranes of bacteria for secretion of substances
Bacterial secretion systems are protein complexes present on the cell membranes of bacteria for secretion of substances. Specifically, they are the cellular
Bacterial_secretion_system
Metabolic pathway
catalyzed by a series of protein complexes within the inner mitochondrial membrane; whereas, in prokaryotes, these proteins are located in the cell's
Oxidative_phosphorylation
Protein complex
The C1 complex (complement component 1, C1) is a protein complex involved in the complement system. It is the first component of the classical complement
C1_complex
Liquid found in cells
molecules such as calcium, large complexes of enzymes that act together and take part in metabolic pathways, and protein complexes such as proteasomes, and carboxysomes
Cytosol
Multiprotein complex
degraded by RISC. Major proteins of RISC, Ago2, SND1, and AEG-1, act as crucial contributors to the gene silencing function of the complex. RISC uses the guide
RNA-induced_silencing_complex
Quaternary-structure protein with 4 subunits
A tetrameric protein is a protein with a quaternary structure of four subunits (tetrameric). Homotetramers have four identical subunits (such as glutathione
Tetrameric_protein
Protein of the immune system
environment. In humans, the MHC class II protein complex is encoded by the human leukocyte antigen gene complex (HLA). Class II HLAs are composed of the
MHC_class_II
Enzyme that synthesizes RNA from DNA
many viruses. Depending on the organism, a RNA polymerase can be a protein complex (multi-subunit RNAP) or only consist of one subunit (single-subunit
RNA_polymerase
Protein shell of a virus
correspond to individual proteins, are called capsomeres. The proteins making up the capsid are called capsid proteins or viral coat proteins (VCP). The virus
Capsid
Cell surface proteins, part of the acquired immune system
histocompatibility complex (MHC) is a large locus on vertebrate DNA containing a set of closely linked polymorphic genes that code for cell surface proteins essential
Major histocompatibility complex
Major_histocompatibility_complex
Biological membrane that separates the interior of a cell from its outside environment
integral membrane proteins, which is tightly bound to the protein surface is called annular lipid shell; it behaves as a part of protein complex. Cholesterol
Cell_membrane
Protein complexes in algae
Phycocyanin is a pigment-protein complex from the light-harvesting phycobiliprotein family, along with allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin. It is an accessory
Phycocyanin
Prediction by observation and computation
protein complex structures and for gaining insights into various biochemical processes. Experimentally, physical interactions between pairs of proteins can
Protein–protein interaction prediction
Protein–protein_interaction_prediction
Rod-shaped cytoplasmic protein
Dystrophin is a rod-shaped cytoplasmic protein, and a vital part of a protein complex that connects the cytoskeleton of a muscle fiber to the surrounding
Dystrophin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
glycoprotein p62 is a protein complex associated with the nuclear envelope. The p62 protein remains associated with the nuclear pore complex-lamina fraction
Nuclear_pore_glycoprotein_p62
Muscle protein family
muscle protein family. It is a part of the troponin protein complex, where it binds to actin in thin myofilaments to hold the actin-tropomyosin complex in
Troponin_I
Macromolecular complex formed by two, usually non-covalently bound, macromolecules
In biochemistry, a protein dimer is a macromolecular complex or multimer formed by two protein monomers, or single proteins, which are usually non-covalently
Protein_dimer
cyclin-dependent kinase complex (CDKC, cyclin-CDK) is a protein complex formed by the association of an inactive catalytic subunit of a protein kinase, cyclin-dependent
Cyclin-dependent kinase complex
Cyclin-dependent_kinase_complex
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HLA-DRB1 gene. DRB1 encodes the most prevalent
HLA-DRB1
Protein complexes that mix with other proteins to form spliceosome
RNA-protein complexes that combine with unmodified pre-mRNA and various other proteins to form a spliceosome, a large RNA-protein molecular complex upon
SnRNP
Protein complex
Troponin, or the troponin complex, is a complex of three regulatory proteins (troponin C, troponin I, and troponin T) that are integral to muscle contraction
Troponin
Species of bacterium
by producing toxins, such as the high molecular weight insecticidal protein complex Tca. P. luminescens also produces a proteic toxin through the expression
Photorhabdus_luminescens
Macromolecular complex
Arp2/3 complex (Actin Related Protein 2/3 complex) is a seven-subunit protein complex that plays a major role in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton
Arp2/3_complex
Plant organelle that conducts photosynthesis
approximately 3000 proteins found in chloroplasts, some 95% of them are encoded by nuclear genes. Many of the chloroplast's protein complexes consist of subunits
Chloroplast
PROTEIN COMPLEX
PROTEIN COMPLEX
Boy/Male
Hindu
Boy/Male
English, Hebrew
Protect; Heel
Girl/Female
American, Australian, French
Supplanter; Yahweh May Protect
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : regional name from Old French Poitevin, denoting someone from Poitou in western France. The form Potvin has long been established in England and was brought to the U.S. from there. However, French bearers of the surname Poitevin also came to the New World, where their surname underwent a similar transformation on arrival in New England.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Muslim
Protect
Surname or Lastname
English
English : possibly a variant of Porton, a habitational name from Porton in Wiltshire or Poorton in Dorset; both place names are formed with an obscure first element, perhaps the name of a river, + Old English tūn ‘settlement’.Dutch : habitational name for someone from a place named with Dutch poort ‘gate’.
Boy/Male
German, Polish
To Protect
Boy/Male
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Protect of Heart
Girl/Female
Tamil
Rakshitha | ரகà¯à®·à®¿à®¤à®¾, ரகà¯à®·à¯€à®¤à®¾Â
Who protect
Rakshitha | ரகà¯à®·à®¿à®¤à®¾, ரகà¯à®·à¯€à®¤à®¾Â
Girl/Female
Tamil
Rakshita | ரகà¯à®·à®¿à®¤à®¾, ரகà¯à®·à¯€à®¤à®¾Â
Who protect
Rakshita | ரகà¯à®·à®¿à®¤à®¾, ரகà¯à®·à¯€à®¤à®¾Â
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Protect
Boy/Male
Greek Shakespearean
A sea god.
Boy/Male
Bengali, Indian
Symbol
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Proven
Girl/Female
Afghan, Arabic, Australian, Danish, French, Hebrew, Muslim
Protect
Boy/Male
Bengali, Indian
Love
Boy/Male
Greek Polish Slavic
God protect the king.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Who protect
Boy/Male
Arabic, Australian, Lebanese
Seeking Shelter; Protect; Rescue
Girl/Female
Hindu
Who protect
PROTEIN COMPLEX
PROTEIN COMPLEX
Girl/Female
Indian
Radiant, Brilliant, Sunnuy
Girl/Female
Australian, British, English, Hindu, Indian, Japanese
Modern Female Version of Jimmy
Girl/Female
Tamil
Saffron, Lion
Boy/Male
Tamil
Gurupada | கà¯à®°à¯à®ªà®¤à®¾
Girl/Female
Tamil
Tinkling, Cute and pretty
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a medieval personal name brought to England by the Normans, of uncertain origin. It may be the Hebrew personal name Lot ‘covering’, which was relatively popular in northern France, or a reduced form of various names formed with the diminutive suffix -lot (originally a combination of -el + -ot), commonly used with women’s names.English : from Middle English lot(t)e ‘lot’, ‘portion’ (Old English hlot), in the sense of an allotted share of land, hence a status name for someone who held such a plot.Dutch : metonymic occupational name for a plumber or lead roofer, from lood ‘lead’.German : from a pet form of Ludwig.German : topographic name from the dialect word lott ‘mud’, ‘dirt’.
Boy/Male
Assamese, Indian
First
Girl/Female
Latin American Greek English French
Horn.
Female
English
Pet form of German Wilhelmina, MINNIE means "will-helmet."
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Who Wants Good for Every One
PROTEIN COMPLEX
PROTEIN COMPLEX
PROTEIN COMPLEX
PROTEIN COMPLEX
PROTEIN COMPLEX
n.
See Poteen.
a.
Of or related to protein; albuminous; proteid.
n.
One of the microscopic particles resembling crystals, consisting of protein matter, which occur in certain plant cells; -- called also protein crystal.
v. i.
To make a solemn declaration (often a written one) expressive of opposition; -- with against; as, he protest against your votes.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Protend
n.
A name given to any one of several yellow or scarlet dyestuffs of artificial production and complex structure. In general they are diazo and sulphonic acid derivatives of benzene and naphthol.
v. i.
To protest.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Protect
imp. & p. p.
of Protect
n.
See Poteen.
imp. & p. p.
of Protest
adv.
In a protean manner.
imp. & p. p.
of Protend
a.
Of or pertaining to Proteus; characteristic of Proteus.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Protest
a.
Exceedingly variable; readily assuming different shapes or forms; as, an amoeba is a protean animalcule.
v.
A solemn declaration of opinion, commonly a formal objection against some act; especially, a formal and solemn declaration, in writing, of dissent from the proceedings of a legislative body; as, the protest of lords in Parliament.
v. t.
To make a solemn declaration or affirmation of; to proclaim; to display; as, to protest one's loyalty.
n.
One of a class of amorphous nitrogenous principles, containing, as a rule, a small amount of sulphur; an albuminoid, as blood fibrin, casein of milk, etc. Proteids are present in nearly all animal fluids and make up the greater part of animal tissues and organs. They are also important constituents of vegetable tissues. See 2d Note under Food.
n.
A body now known as alkali albumin, but originally considered to be the basis of all albuminous substances, whence its name.