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Protein shell of a virus
A capsid is the protein shell of a virus, enclosing its genetic material. It consists of several oligomeric (repeating) structural subunits made of protein
Capsid
Fully infectious extracellular virus particle
are packed into a protein shell, the capsid. The capsid proteins are often differentiated into major and minor capsid proteins (MCP and mCP). In exceptional
Virion
Type of viruses that cause gastroenteritis
non-enveloped, with icosahedral geometries. Capsid diameters vary widely, from 23 to 40 nm in diameter. The larger capsids (38–40 nm) exhibit T=3 symmetry and
Norovirus
Outermost layer of many types of the infectious agent
or E protein is a protein in the envelope, which may be acquired by the capsid from an infected host cell. Numerous human pathogenic viruses in circulation
Viral_envelope
Viral protein
individuals will have Epstein Barr viral capsid antigens (EBV-VCA) in their mouth and blood. The viral capsid of a virus is the complex of proteins that
Epstein–Barr virus viral-capsid antigen
Epstein–Barr_virus_viral-capsid_antigen
Realm of viruses
encode the HK97 fold major capsid protein. The HK97 fold major capsid protein (HK97 MCP) is the primary component of the viral capsid, which stores the viral
Duplodnaviria
Realm of viruses
single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genomes and a hallmark single jelly roll fold (SJR) major capsid protein (MCP). Viruses in the realm are commonly called microviruses. They
Volvereviria
Re-arrangement of viral components into solid crystal particles
their capsid protein subunits) in order to study protein-protein interactions; a proxy for the capsids' properties and functions. The helical capsid structure
Virus_crystallisation
Class of HIV/AIDS drugs
In the management of HIV/AIDS, HIV capsid inhibitors are antiretroviral medicines that target the capsid shell of the virus. This is in contrast to other
HIV_capsid_inhibition
Species of virus
single-stranded RNA of positive polarity which is enclosed by an icosahedral capsid. As of 1999[update] the molecular basis for the causation of congenital
Rubella_virus
Infectious agent that replicates in cells
structure of the proteins by which the virus acts; (ii) a protein coat, the capsid, which surrounds and protects the genetic material; and in some cases (iii)
Virus
Realm of viruses
Singelaviria is a realm of viruses that includes all viruses that encode major capsid proteins (MCPs) that contain a single vertical jelly roll fold. Singelavirians
Singelaviria
Family of true bugs
taxonomic synonym Capsidae. Species in the family may be referred to as capsid bugs or "mirid bugs". Common names include plant bugs, leaf bugs, and grass
Miridae
Family of viruses
a replication initiator protein, called NS1, and the protein the viral capsid is made of. The coding portion of the genome is flanked by telomeres at
Parvoviridae
Protein family
The p24 capsid protein (CA) is the most abundant HIV protein with each virus containing approximately 1,500 to 3,000 p24 molecules. It is the major structural
P24_capsid_protein
Antiretroviral medication
injection. Lenacapavir is a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) capsid inhibitor. The most common side effects include reactions at the injection
Lenacapavir
Taxonomic rank
unique alpha-helical major capsid protein; Duplodnaviria, which contains all dsDNA viruses that encode the HK97-fold major capsid protein; Efunaviria, from
Realm_(virology)
Species of virus
protein cage called the capsid, which is wrapped in a lipid bilayer called the envelope. The envelope is joined to the capsid through a tegument. This
Herpes_simplex_virus
Type of beta barrel protein domain structure
of beta barrel. It is very common in viral proteins, particularly viral capsid proteins. Taken together, the jelly roll and Greek key structures comprise
Jelly_roll_fold
Realm of viruses
major capsid proteins that contain two vertical jelly roll folds. The major capsid proteins (MCP) form into pseudohexameric subunits of the viral capsid, which
Varidnaviria
Subunit of a capsid
subunit of the capsid, an outer covering of protein that protects the genetic material of a virus. Capsomeres self-assemble to form the capsid. Subunits called
Capsomere
Protein family
Minor capsid protein VP2 and minor capsid protein VP3 are viral proteins that are components of the polyomavirus capsid. Polyomavirus capsids are composed
Minor capsid proteins VP2 and VP3
Minor_capsid_proteins_VP2_and_VP3
Realm of viruses
floreovirians encode a major capsid protein (MCP) characterized by a single jelly roll motif. The MCP is the primary component of the capsid, a protein shell that
Floreoviria
Species of true bug
Closterotomus norvegicus (also known as the potato capsid) is a species of bugs belonging to the family Miridae, subfamily Mirinae. It can be found feeding
Closterotomus_norvegicus
Protein family
Major capsid protein VP1 is a viral protein that is the main component of the polyomavirus capsid. VP1 monomers are generally around 350 amino acids long
Major_capsid_protein_VP1
Realm of viruses
genomes. Their genomes exist in A-form (A-DNA) and encode a dimeric major capsid protein (MCP) that contains the SIRV2 fold, an alpha-helix bundle with four
Adnaviria
Species of virus
in bioreactors, and purification aimed at increasing the yield of full capsids and removing impurities. To improve productivity, new methods are being
Adeno-associated_virus
Genus of viruses
"Megavirus". Until the discovery of pandoraviruses in 2013, it had the largest capsid diameter of all known viruses, as well as the largest and most complex genome
Megavirus
Genus of viruses
2013, when a larger virus Pandoravirus was described, it had the largest capsid diameter of all known viruses. APMV was discovered accidentally in 1992
Mimivirus
the capsid and the envelope of the virus. The genetic material of a virus is stored within a viral protein structure called the capsid. The capsid is a
Viral_protein
Family of viruses
is packaged in a viral capsid of about 40-50 nanometers in diameter, which is icosahedral in shape (T=7 symmetry). The capsid is composed of 72 pentameric
Polyomaviridae
Species of true bug
Pycnoderes quadrimaculatus, the bean capsid, is a species of plant bug in the family Miridae. It is found in the Caribbean Sea, Central America, North
Pycnoderes_quadrimaculatus
Type of virus according to Baltimore classification
their ability to carry out transcription of the dsRNA segments within the capsid, and the required enzymes are part of the virion structure. Double-stranded
Double-stranded_RNA_viruses
Phylum of viruses
other characteristics: most contain a viral envelope that surrounds the capsid, which encases the viral genome, −ssRNA virus genomes are usually linear
Negative-strand_RNA_virus
Genus of viruses
EV-D68, EV-B69, EV-D70, EV-A71, etc., where genotyping is based on the VP1 capsid region. Enteroviruses affect millions of people worldwide each year and
Enterovirus
Family of viruses
stranded, positive sense RNA genome within a non-enveloped icosahedral capsid. This family of viruses consists of two genera, Avastrovirus (AAstV) and
Astrovirus
Species of virus
picornavirus family, FMDV is small and unenveloped, with an icosahedral capsid. The virus causes foot-and-mouth disease, a highly contagious disease affecting
Foot-and-mouth_disease_virus
Virus of the herpes family
virus. This "first complete atomic model [includes] the icosahedral capsid, the capsid-associated tegument complex (CATC) and the dodecameric portal—the
Epstein–Barr_virus
Viral disease affecting parrots
skin, liver, gastrointestinal tract, and bursa of Fabricius; while the capsid antigen of BFDV is found in the spleen, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid and
Psittacine beak and feather disease
Psittacine_beak_and_feather_disease
Family of viruses
small, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA viruses with a 30 nm icosahedral capsid. The viruses in this family can cause a range of diseases including the
Picornavirus
Kingdom of viruses
viruses. This kingdom is recognized for its use of double jelly roll major capsid proteins. It was formerly known as the PRD1-adenovirus lineage. The kingdom
Bamfordvirae
Enterovirus
numbered 1, 2, and 3. Poliovirus is composed of an RNA genome and a protein capsid. The genome is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA (+ssRNA) genome that
Poliovirus
Genus of viruses (Enterovirus)
composed of a capsid that contains four viral proteins, VP1, VP2, VP3 and VP4. VP1, VP2, and VP3 form the major part of the protein capsid. The much smaller
Rhinovirus
Virus that has DNA as its genetic material
major capsid protein (MCP) that has the HK97 fold. Viruses in the realm also share a number of other characteristics involving the capsid and capsid assembly
DNA_virus
Theory that viruses predate cellular life
representing a transitional stage before LUCA. Koonin further proposed that viral capsids may have functioned as a primitive compartment type that helped pioneer
Virus_world_hypothesis
Viral disease
the genome of the virus surrounded by a shell made of capsid proteins, called the capsid. The capsid is surrounded by a lipid membrane called an envelope
Eastern_equine_encephalitis
Protein family
proteins are processed by the protease (PR or pro) into MA (matrix), CA (capsid), NC (nucleocapsid) parts, and sometimes more. If Gag fails to cleave into
Group-specific_antigen
Family of viruses
display a pseudo T=25 symmetry. The capsid has two layers. The outer layer is a protein structure of 240 capsid proteins trimers, and the inner one is
Tectivirus
Genus of viruses
virus Virions consist of a capsid. The capsid is not enveloped, round with T=3 icosahedral symmetry. The isometric capsid has a diameter of 35–39 nm.
Lagovirus
Species of virus
transiently exposed hydrophobic gamma peptide and the metastability of the viral capsid. FHV can be engineered in insect cell culture allowing for the tailored
Flock_House_virus
Virus affecting plants of the Solanaceae family
Fraenkel-Conrat and Robley Williams showed that purified TMV RNA and its capsid (coat) protein assemble by themselves to functional viruses, indicating
Tobacco_mosaic_virus
Formation of biological viruses during the infection process
achieved by a virus attachment protein that extends from the protein shell (capsid), of a virus. This protein is responsible for binding to a surface receptor
Viral_replication
Specific genus of RNA viruses
codes for two. The RNA is surrounded by a three-layered icosahedral protein capsid. Viral particles are up to 76.5 nm in diameter and are not enveloped. There
Rotavirus
Family of viruses
Group-specific antigen (gag) proteins are major components of the viral capsid, which are about 2000–4000 copies per virion. Gag possesses two nucleic
Retrovirus
Family of viruses
incertae sedis virus. Viruses in the family are related to Helvetiavirae. The capsid proteins of these viruses and their characteristics are of evolutionary
Portogloboviridae
Proposed genus of viruses
approximately 20-200 nm. Mimiviruses also possess fibril structures on the capsid as well as genes encoding proteins for nucleotide synthesis and various
Tupanvirus
Molecule composed of copies of a small unit
biochemistry for oligomers of proteins that are not covalently bound. The major capsid protein VP1 that comprises the shell of polyomaviruses is a self-assembling
Oligomer
Species of virus
an unenveloped icosahedral virus with a T=3 viral capsid composed of 180 subunits of a single capsid protein. Its structure was studied extensively by
Tomato_bushy_stunt_virus
Genus of viruses
genome is present in the particle. The nucleic acid content of a totivirus capsid is one segment of linear double stranded RNA. The genome contains two large
Totivirus
HHV Capsid Portal Protein, or HSV-1 UL-6 protein, is the protein which forms a cylindrical portal in the capsid of Herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). The protein
HHV_capsid_portal_protein
Family of DNA viruses
This capsid has 161 capsomers consisting of 150 hexons and 11 pentons, as well as a portal complex that allows entry and exit of DNA into the capsid. All
Herpesviridae
Genus of viruses
180 subunits (T=3). The diameter of the capsid is between 27 and 40 nm. Like other caliciviruses, the capsid of the sapovirus has round intends on its
Sapovirus
Kingdom of viruses
(+ssRNA) viruses and some double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) viruses encode a major capsid protein that has a single jelly roll fold, so named because the folded structure
Orthornavirae
Family of viruses
viruses. They are classified as vertebrate viruses and have a non-enveloped capsid, which is round with isometric, icosahedral symmetry and has a triangulation
Anelloviridae
Family of viruses
formation of a 55–60 nanometer capsid composed of 72 star-shaped capsomers (see figure). Like most non-enveloped viruses, the capsid is geometrically regular
Papillomaviridae
Viral part of the biosphere
Capsid is the outer protecting shell or scaffold of a viral genome. Capsid enclosing viral nucleic acid make up viral particle or a virion. Capsid is
Virosphere
Class of viruses
of DNA are made, and then put together to form the whole genome. Viral capsid proteins come together to form a precursor prohead, into which the genome
Caudoviricetes
Protein family
viral capsid will spontaneously into a T=3 or T=4 icosahedral capsid. The capsid will usually package the hepatitis B genomic RNA, but some capsids will
HBcAg
Genus of viruses
consist of a capsid. Virus capsid is non-enveloped, and are round with icosahedral symmetry and triangulation number T=3. The isometric capsid has a diameter
Vesivirus
Species of virus
This outer shell, or capsid is made up of proteins set up in an icosahedral formation. Unlike other picornaviruses, the capsid shell of Ljungan virus
Ljungan_virus
Phylum of viruses
Some members also infect eukaryotes. Most of these viruses do not have capsids, except for the genus Ourmiavirus. The name of the group is a syllabic
Lenarviricota
British Nigerian medical biophysicist (1963–2021)
and elucidation of antibody binding sites on AAV capsids has led to the development of viral capsid development and gene therapy approaches that evade
Mavis_Agbandje-McKenna
Mathematical theory on behavior of connected clusters in a random graph
fragmentation of biological virus shells (capsids), with the fragmentation threshold of Hepatitis B virus capsid predicted and detected experimentally. When
Percolation_theory
Species of virus
Dicistroviridae and the order Picornavirales. The protein capsid of the virus is 30 nm in diameter. The capsid has icosahedral symmetry and a pseudo-triangulation
Triatoma_virus
Phylum of viruses
Pisuviricota. Characteristic of the group is a viral capsid composed of 60 homo- or heterodimers of capsid protein on a pseudo-T=2 lattice. Duplornaviruses
Duplornaviricota
Species of flavivirus causing West Nile fever
The RNA genome is bound to capsid (C) proteins, which are 105 amino-acid residues long, to form the nucleocapsid. The capsid proteins are one of the first
West_Nile_virus
Protein family
systems were first identified through the use of bioinformatics that linked capsid-like proteins to specific operons in bacterial and archaeal genomes. When
Encapsulin
Realm of viruses
(bacteriophages) that encode an FtsK family ATPase and hydrophobic major capsid proteins (MCPs) that are forced out from the host cell membrane during virion
Efunaviria
Method of gene modification
components of the viral nucleocapsid proteins: the matrix (MA/p17), the capsid (CA/p24) and the nucleocapsid (NC/p7) proteins. The "pol" domain codes for
Lentiviral vector in gene therapy
Lentiviral_vector_in_gene_therapy
Family of viruses
The caliciviruses have a simple construction and are not enveloped. The capsid appears hexagonal/spherical and has icosahedral symmetry (T=1 or T=3) with
Caliciviridae
Very large DNA virus
replication. 2A stargate is a five-pronged star structure present on the viral capsid forming the portal through which the internal core of the particle is delivered
Giant_virus
Species of virus
(inner capsid protein) L2-λ2 – Turret protein, guanyltransferase and methyltranferase, genome extrusion L3-λ1 – RdRP M1-μ2 – NTPase M2-μ1 – Outer capsid protein
Piscine_orthoreovirus
Genus of viruses
crystallography. From these analyses, atomic models of the capsid proteins and a plausible model for capsid assembly have been derived. While the structural proteins
Phytoreovirus
Member of the polyomavirus family
non-enveloped, icosahedral capsid with a diameter of 45–50 nm. The capsid is made up of viral proteins VP1, VP2, and VP3. The capsid proteins have T=7 arrangement
BK_virus
Major structure in coronaviruses
viral capsids or reduced replication. E is a multifunctional protein and, in addition to its role as a structural protein in the viral capsid, it is
Coronavirus_envelope_protein
Species of virus
the capsid. At a neutral pH, the capsid protein reversibly binds to RNA forming a pre-capsid complex. This consists of RNA surrounded by enough capsid proteins
Cowpea_chlorotic_mottle_virus
Species of virus
assembly of the icosahedral shell or capsid from coat proteins can occur in the absence of RNA; however, capsid assembly is nucleated by coat protein
Bacteriophage_MS2
Organisation of viruses into a taxonomic system
DNA viruses Virus family Examples (common names) Virion naked/enveloped Capsid symmetry Nucleic acid type Group 1. Adenoviridae Canine hepatitis virus
Virus_classification
Genus of virus
with two genes. This encodes two capsid proteins, CP-17 and CP-16. The virion is non-enveloped, spherical, with a capsid of about 15 nm with icosahedral
Macronovirus
Species of virus
L-A helper virus ScV-L-A capsid protein structure and homodimer of the gag capsid protein Virus classification (unranked): Virus Realm: Riboviria Kingdom:
Saccharomyces cerevisiae virus L-A
Saccharomyces_cerevisiae_virus_L-A
Species of virus
each contains. BQCV is a pseudo-T=3 capsid, meaning that it is mathematically a T=1 capsid, but the way the capsid is structured makes it look like T=3
Black_queen_cell_virus
Genus of viruses
composed of five expression units: from the N terminal to the C terminal - Capsid, E3, E2, 6K and E1. A sub genomic positive strand RNA—the 26S RNA—is replicated
Alphavirus
Genus of viruses
Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation Tequatrovirus Head-Tail T=13 Q=21 Non-enveloped Linear Monopartite
Tequatrovirus
Species of virus
SV40 is composed of 72 pentamers of major capsid protein VP1, with each VP1 pentamers harboring one minor capsid protein, either VP2 or VP3. The virion undergoes
SV40
RNA family
The Flavivirus capsid hairpin cHP is a conserved RNA hairpin structure identified within the capsid coding region of several flavivirus genomes. These
Flavivirus_capsid_hairpin_cHP
Acute infectious disease of the liver
poor internal ribosome entry site. In the region that codes for the HAV capsid, highly conserved clusters of rare codons restrict antigenic variability
Hepatitis_A
for proteins that make up components of the viral capsid or are involved in assembly of the capsid. The L1-L5 transcription units are all regulated by
Adenovirus_genome
Chemical compound
hepatitis B virus (HBV) from replicating by inhibiting the formation of its capsid. It is also being studied for use in combination with JNJ-73763989, a small
Bersacapavir
Genus of viruses
Genus Structure Symmetry Capsid Genomic arrangement Genomic segmentation Nanovirus Icosahedral T=1 Non-enveloped Circular Segmented
Nanovirus
Family of viruses
family are distinguished by the absence of a turreted protein on the inner capsid to produce a smooth surface. The family contains the following genera: Cardoreovirus
Sedoreoviridae
CAPSID
CAPSID
CAPSID
CAPSID
Male
Arthurian
, (Sir), brother of Palamedes.
Girl/Female
American, Australian, Latin
Smooth; Polished; Feminine of Terence
Girl/Female
Indian
Beautiful, Lovely
Female
English
Diminutive form of Latin Lora ("sorrowful"), LORINA means "little sorrowful one."
Female
Finnish
Finnish name SINI means "blue."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Water like
Girl/Female
Hindu
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Newly Born
Girl/Female
Hebrew Aramaic
child.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Assamese, Gujarati, Indian, Kannada, Muslim
Beautiful One
CAPSID
CAPSID
CAPSID
CAPSID
CAPSID