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Public cryptographic algorithms
NSA Suite B Cryptography was a set of cryptographic algorithms promulgated by the National Security Agency as part of its Cryptographic Modernization
NSA_Suite_B_Cryptography
Classified U.S. cryptographic algorithms
NSA Suite A Cryptography is NSA cryptography which "contains classified algorithms that will not be released". "Suite A will be used for the protection
NSA_Suite_A_Cryptography
Cryptography practises of the USA's National Security Agency
from time to time NSA participates in standards processes or otherwise publishes information about its cryptographic algorithms. The NSA has categorized
NSA_cryptography
Set of cryptographic algorithms by the NSA
Algorithm Suite (CNSA) is a set of cryptographic algorithms promulgated by the National Security Agency as a replacement for NSA Suite B Cryptography algorithms
Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite
Commercial_National_Security_Algorithm_Suite
Approach to public-key cryptography
Suite (CNSA), and NSA announced CNSA 2.0 as a quantum-resistant transition suite for national security systems. Since the early 2000s, cryptographic primitives
Elliptic-curve_cryptography
NSA certification system
The U.S. National Security Agency (NSA) used to rank cryptographic products or algorithms by a certification called product types. Product types were
NSA_product_types
Cryptography secured against quantum computers
Post-quantum cryptography (PQC), sometimes referred to as quantum-proof, quantum-safe, or quantum-resistant, is the development of cryptographic algorithms
Post-quantum_cryptography
Number of bits in a key used by a cryptographic algorithm
2011-10-14. Strong Cryptography The Global Tide of Change, Cato Institute Briefing Paper no. 51, Arnold G. Reinhold, 1999 "NSA Suite B Cryptography". National
Key_size
Key agreement protocol
1: Elliptic Curve Cryptography, Version 2.0, May 21, 2009. NSA Suite B Cryptography, Suite B Implementers' Guide to NIST SP 800-56A Archived 2016-03-06
Elliptic-curve_Diffie–Hellman
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
Cryptography, or cryptology, is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of adversarial behavior. More generally,
Cryptography
Type of functions designed for being unsolvable by root-finding algorithms
A cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator (CSPRNG) or cryptographic pseudorandom number generator (CPRNG) is a pseudorandom number generator
Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator
Cryptographically_secure_pseudorandom_number_generator
application TLS 1.3 compliance table". Required components for NSA Suite B Cryptography (RFC 6460) are: Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) with key sizes
Comparison of TLS implementations
Comparison_of_TLS_implementations
U.S. signals intelligence organization
technical talk by an NSA scientist at a major cryptography conference was J. Solinas' presentation on efficient Elliptic Curve Cryptography algorithms at Crypto
National_Security_Agency
Method of exchanging cryptographic keys
Diffie–Hellman (DH) key exchange is a mathematical method of securely generating a symmetric cryptographic key over a public channel. It is named after
Diffie–Hellman_key_exchange
Cryptography library
default cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator (CSPRNG) in BSAFE was Dual_EC_DRBG, which contained an alleged backdoor from NSA, in addition
BSAFE
Application programming interface
Key Storage and Retrieval, Microsoft The Case for Elliptic Curve Cryptography, NSA Schneier, Bruce (December 17, 2007). "Dual_EC_DRBG Added to Windows
Microsoft_CryptoAPI
Surveillance strategy
Draft" (PDF). NIST NCCoE. "Migration to Post-Quantum Cryptography (Quantum Readiness)" (PDF). CISA, NSA, NIST. 21 August 2023. Retrieved 28 October 2025.
Harvest_now,_decrypt_later
Cryptography based on quantum mechanical phenomena
journal}}: Cite uses deprecated parameter |citeseerx= (help) "NSA Suite B Cryptography". Archived from the original on 1 January 2016. Retrieved 29 December
Quantum_cryptography
Aspect of US National Security Agency
internal communications, the NSA Clipper chip proposal to extend this key escrow requirement to public use of cryptography was highly controversial. TEMPEST:
NSA_encryption_systems
Secure network protocol suite
2015-10-26. "Secret Documents Reveal N.S.A. Campaign Against Encryption". New York Times. John Gilmore. "Re: [Cryptography] Opening Discussion: Speculation
IPsec
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
is included in the NSA Suite B Cryptography and its latest replacement in 2018 Commercial National Security Algorithm (CNSA) suite. GCM mode is used in
Galois/Counter_Mode
Algorithm for public-key cryptography
always a single-use symmetric key in a hybrid cryptosystem) such as RSAES-OAEP, and public-key key encapsulation. In RSA-based cryptography, a user's
RSA_cryptosystem
Software inventory list
Cryptographic bill of materials (CBOM—also cryptography bill of materials) is a structured inventory of all cryptographic assets present in a software
Cryptographic bill of materials
Cryptographic_bill_of_materials
Block cipher
"How the NSA hacks PCs, phones, routers, hard disks 'at speed of light': Spy tech catalog leaks". The Register. Retrieved 2015-08-02. "Cryptography - 256
RC6
Early unclassified symmetric-key block cipher
is differently redacted than the version on the NSA website. Konheim. Computer Security and Cryptography. p. 301. Levy, Crypto, p. 55 Schneier, Bruce (2004-09-27)
Data_Encryption_Standard
American computer security company
RSA and its leaders were prominent advocates of strong cryptography for public use, while the NSA and the Bush and Clinton administrations sought to prevent
RSA_Security
up my sleeve number • NSA cryptography • NSA encryption systems • NSAKEY • NSA Suite A Cryptography • NSA Suite B Cryptography • NT LAN Manager • NTLMSSP
Index of cryptography articles
Index_of_cryptography_articles
The Cryptographic Modernization Program is a Department of Defense directed, NSA Information Assurance Directorate led effort to transform and modernize
Cryptographic Modernization Program
Cryptographic_Modernization_Program
Transfer from the United States to another country of technology related to cryptography
added in the USML for non-encryption use of cryptography (and satellite TV descramblers) and a deal between NSA and the Software Publishers Association made
Export of cryptography from the United States
Export_of_cryptography_from_the_United_States
Cryptographic secret, not public in contrast to salt
cryptography, a pepper is a secret added to an input such as a password during hashing with a cryptographic hash function. This value differs from a salt
Pepper_(cryptography)
Encryption device
Interoperability Specification). The cryptography used is Suite A and Suite B, also specified by the NSA as part of the Cryptographic Modernization Program. HAIPE IS
High Assurance Internet Protocol Encryptor
High_Assurance_Internet_Protocol_Encryptor
Random data used as an additional input to a hash function
In cryptography, a salt is random data fed as an additional input to a one-way function that hashes data, a password or passphrase. Salting helps defend
Salt_(cryptography)
Key derivation function
In cryptography, PBKDF1 and PBKDF2 (Password-Based Key Derivation Function 1 and 2) are key derivation functions with a sliding computational cost, used
PBKDF2
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
approved by the US National Security Agency (NSA) for top secret information when used in an NSA approved cryptographic module. The Advanced Encryption Standard
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
Creating sequence of numbers that cannot be predicted
attacker to break the encryption. The NSA is reported to have inserted a backdoor into the NIST certified cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator
Random_number_generation
Measure of cryptographic strength
In cryptography, security level is a measure of the strength that a cryptographic primitive — such as a cipher or hash function — achieves. Security level
Security_level
Cryptographic algorithm for digital signatures
In cryptography, the Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm (ECDSA) offers a variant of the Digital Signature Algorithm (DSA) which uses elliptic-curve
Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm
Elliptic_Curve_Digital_Signature_Algorithm
Term applied to cryptographic systems that are highly resistant to cryptanalysis
only to the NSA within the reach of a skilled individual, so in practice there are only two levels of cryptographic security, "cryptography that will stop
Strong_cryptography
Digital verification standard
filed July 26, 1991 and now expired, and attributed to David W. Kravitz, a former NSA employee. This patent was given to "The United States of America as represented
Digital_Signature_Algorithm
Ability to easily switch cryptographic primitives
In cryptographic protocol design, cryptographic agility or crypto-agility is the ability to switch between multiple cryptographic primitives. A cryptographically
Cryptographic_agility
Computer communications authentication algorithm
In cryptography, an HMAC (sometimes expanded as either keyed-hash message authentication code or hash-based message authentication code) is a specific
HMAC
American mathematician, cryptologist and computer scientist (born 1971)
(August 5, 2022). "NSA, NIST, and post-quantum cryptography". The cr.yp.to blog. Retrieved November 24, 2025. Bernstein, Daniel J. (2025). "NSA-NIST-PQC FOIA
Daniel_J._Bernstein
Cryptographic protocols for securing data in transit
RFC 6460. Historic. Changed to historic in 2018 because the NSA stopped support for Suite B Cryptography. Updated by RFC 8996. Obsoletes RFC 5430. J. Merkle;
Transport_Layer_Security
Number of standards related to cryptography
standard CRYPTREC Japanese Government's cryptography recommendations NSA cryptography Topics in cryptography E. Rescorla (August 2018). The Transport
Cryptography_standards
Quantum-safe key encapsulation mechanism
Dilithium (later standardized as ML-DSA), as another component of their "Cryptographic Suite for Algebraic Lattices" (CRYSTALS). Like other PQC-KEM methods, Kyber
ML-KEM
U.S. government classification system
March 11, 2015. Retrieved June 22, 2008. 32 CFR 2001.90 "NSA Suite B Cryptography – NSA/CSS". Nsa.gov. Archived from the original on June 18, 2011. Retrieved
Classified information in the United States
Classified_information_in_the_United_States
Project by NIST to standardize post-quantum cryptography
Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization is a program and competition by NIST to update their standards to include post-quantum cryptography. It was announced
NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization
NIST_Post-Quantum_Cryptography_Standardization
Projected date when quantum computers could break modern encryption
Retrieved 4 June 2026. "Quantum-Readiness: Migration to Post-Quantum Cryptography". CISA, NSA and NIST. 21 August 2023. Retrieved 4 June 2026. Lee, Newton (1
Quantum_Threat
Hash function that is suitable for use in cryptography
A cryptographic hash function (CHF) is a hash algorithm (a map of an arbitrary binary string to a binary string with a fixed size of n {\displaystyle n}
Cryptographic_hash_function
Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data
In cryptography, a brute-force attack or exhaustive key search is a cryptanalytic attack that consists of an attacker submitting many possible keys or
Brute-force_attack
Block cipher
cryptography, Skipjack is a block cipher — an algorithm for encryption — developed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA). Initially a classified
Skipjack_(cipher)
Any attack based on information gained from the implementation of a computer system
information. These attacks differ from those targeting flaws in the design of cryptographic protocols or algorithms (notwithstanding the fact that cryptanalysis
Side-channel_attack
Block cipher
standards. ISO/IEC 29192-2:2019, Information security - Lightweight cryptography - Part 2: Block ciphers RFC 6114 Tezcan, Cihangir. "The Improbable Differential
CLEFIA
Family of cryptographic hash functions
Hash Algorithms are a family of cryptographic hash functions published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a U.S. Federal Information
Secure_Hash_Algorithms
Mass surveillance system
XKeyscore (XKEYSCORE or XKS) is a classified computer system used by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) for searching and analyzing global
XKeyscore
Block cipher
In cryptography, RC2 (also known as ARC2) is a symmetric-key block cipher designed by Ron Rivest in 1987. "RC" stands for "Ron's Code" (see also RC2,
RC2
Family of block ciphers
Speck is part of a family of lightweight block ciphers publicly released by the National Security Agency (NSA) in June 2013. Speck has been optimized for
Speck_(cipher)
Authenticated encryption with associated data algorithm
ChaCha: better mobile performance with cryptography". The Cloudflare Blog. 2015-02-23. Retrieved 2021-12-28. A. Langley; W. Chang; N. Mavrogiannopoulos;
ChaCha20-Poly1305
Adding data to a message prior to encryption to hide its length
In cryptography, padding is any of a number of distinct practices, all of which include adding data to the beginning, middle, or end of a message prior
Padding_(cryptography)
Cryptography algorithm
In cryptography, a block cipher mode of operation is an algorithm that uses a block cipher to provide information security such as confidentiality or authenticity
Block cipher mode of operation
Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
SP2. The cryptographic API in .NET Framework 4.6 uses the latest version of Windows CNG cryptography API. As a result, NSA Suite B Cryptography is available
.NET Framework version history
.NET_Framework_version_history
Cryptographic algorithm
Symmetric-key algorithms are algorithms for cryptography that use the same cryptographic keys for both the encryption of plaintext and the decryption of
Symmetric-key_algorithm
Attack model against cryptographic hash functions
In cryptography, a preimage attack on cryptographic hash functions tries to find a message that has a specific hash value. A cryptographic hash function
Preimage_attack
Mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity of digital documents
specific recipient that the message came from a known sender. Digital signatures are a type of public-key cryptography, and are commonly used for software distribution
Digital_signature
Public-key cryptosystem
In cryptography, the ElGamal encryption system is a public-key encryption algorithm based on the Diffie–Hellman key exchange. It was described by Taher
ElGamal_encryption
Cryptographic hash function
(SM3) is a cryptographic hash function, standardised for use in commercial cryptography in China. It was published by the State Cryptography Administration
SM3_(hash_function)
Security exploit
Keys") is a security exploit of a cryptographic weakness in the SSL/TLS protocols introduced decades earlier for compliance with U.S. cryptography export
FREAK
Type of data structure
In cryptography and computer science, a hash tree or Merkle tree is a tree in which every "leaf" node is labelled with the cryptographic hash of a data
Merkle_tree
Method of building collision-resistant cryptographic hash functions
In cryptography, the Merkle–Damgård construction or Merkle–Damgård hash function is a method of building collision-resistant cryptographic hash functions
Merkle–Damgård_construction
Concept in cryptography
In cryptography, the avalanche effect is the desirable property of cryptographic algorithms, typically block ciphers and cryptographic hash functions
Avalanche_effect
Cryptographic hash function
In cryptography, SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) is a hash function which takes an input and produces a 160-bit (20-byte) hash value known as a message
SHA-1
Family of authenticated ciphers
Technology (NIST) for cryptography on resource-constrained devices in 2025, specified in NIST SP 800-232. Ascon was developed in 2014 by a team of researchers
Ascon_(cipher)
Cryptographic protocol
to update the cryptographic primitives, and to support out-of-order delivery and asynchronous communication. According to classified NSA documents published
Off-the-Record Messaging protocol
Off-the-Record_Messaging_protocol
Authenticated encryption mode for block ciphers
chaining message authentication code; counter with CBC-MAC) is a mode of operation for cryptographic block ciphers. It is an authenticated encryption algorithm
CCM_mode
System to verify the source and or authenticity of a message
check based on a secret key shared by two parties to authenticate information transmitted between them. It is based on using a cryptographic hash or symmetric
Message_authentication
Encryption method
"Key Committing AEADs". Cryptography Stack Exchange. Retrieved 21 February 2024. (See also the comment section discussing a revised libsodium recommendation
Authenticated_encryption
Cryptographic hash function
RIPEMD (RIPE Message Digest) is a family of cryptographic hash functions developed in 1992 (the original RIPEMD) and 1996 (other variants). There are
RIPEMD
Message-digest hashing algorithm
can be used as a checksum to verify data integrity against unintentional corruption. Historically it was widely used as a cryptographic hash function;
MD5
Basic component of symmetric key algorithms
In cryptography, an S-box (substitution-box) is a basic component of symmetric key algorithms which performs substitution. In block ciphers, they are typically
S-box
Password-based key derivation function
bcrypt is a password-hashing function designed by Niels Provos and David Mazières. It is based on the Blowfish cipher and presented at USENIX in 1999
Bcrypt
Information used for message authentication and integrity checking
In cryptography, a message authentication code (MAC), sometimes known as an authentication tag, is a short piece of information used for authenticating
Message_authentication_code
Cryptography construction
In cryptography, a Feistel cipher (also known as Luby–Rackoff block cipher) is a symmetric structure used in the construction of block ciphers, named
Feistel_cipher
Protocol to encrypt DNS using elliptic curve cryptography
(PDF) on 2012-06-02. "Adam Langley: What a difference a prime makes". "The Case for Elliptic Curve Cryptography". NSA. Archived from the original on January
DNSCurve
Hash functions
November 2014). "Differential Cryptanalysis of SipHash". Selected Areas in Cryptography -- SAC 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 8781. pp. 165–182
SipHash
Implementations of Advanced Encryption Standard
as of Solaris 10. OpenAES portable C cryptographic library LibTomCrypt is a modular and portable cryptographic toolkit that provides developers with
AES_implementations
System that can issue, distribute and verify digital certificates
store and revoke digital certificates and manage public-key cryptography set-ups. The purpose of a PKI is to facilitate the secure storage and/or transfer
Public_key_infrastructure
Hash function phenomenon
collisions inevitable ("pigeonhole principle"). For the cryptographic hash functions (CHFs), the output is a compact representative of particular input value
Hash_collision
Type of cipher
In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary
Block_cipher
Theory of cryptography
In cryptography, a sponge function or sponge construction is any of a class of algorithms with finite internal state that take an input bit stream of any
Sponge_function
Cryptographic hardware
In cryptography, the EFF DES cracker (nicknamed "Deep Crack") is a machine built by the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) in 1998, to perform a brute
EFF_DES_cracker
Attack against cryptographical hash functions
In cryptography and computer security, a length extension attack is a type of attack where an attacker can use Hash(message1) and the length of message1
Length_extension_attack
uses a cryptographic ignition key to create a virtual hard drive space with a Type 1 COMSEC element found inside the MultiBook’s integrated Suite B security
Multibook
Type of message authentication code
In cryptography, a universal hashing message authentication code, or UMAC, is a message authentication code (MAC) calculated using universal hashing, which
UMAC_(cryptography)
Length of bit string processed by a cipher
In modern cryptography, symmetric key ciphers are generally divided into stream ciphers and block ciphers. Block ciphers operate on a fixed length string
Block_size_(cryptography)
Unsolved problem in cryptography
In cryptography, the RSA problem summarizes the task of performing an RSA private-key operation given only the public key. The RSA algorithm raises a message
RSA_problem
Obsolete cryptographic hash function
The MD2 Message-Digest Algorithm is an obsolete cryptographic hash function developed by Ronald Rivest in 1989. The algorithm is optimized for 8-bit computers
MD2_(hash_function)
IEEE standardization project for public-key cryptography
standardization project for public-key cryptography. It includes specifications for: Traditional public-key cryptography (IEEE Std 1363-2000 and 1363a-2004)
IEEE_P1363
Cryptography primitive
Panama is a cryptographic primitive which can be used both as a hash function and a stream cipher, but its hash function mode of operation has been broken
Panama_(cryptography)
Security vulnerability in Diffie–Hellman key exchange
claims in leaked NSA papers that NSA is able to break much current cryptography. They recommend using primes of 2048 bits or more as a defense or switching
Logjam_(computer_security)
Cryptographic hash function
BLAKE is a cryptographic hash function based on Daniel J. Bernstein's ChaCha stream cipher, but a permuted copy of the input block, XORed with round constants
BLAKE_(hash_function)
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NSA SUITE-A-CRYPTOGRAPHY
NSA SUITE-A-CRYPTOGRAPHY
Female
Irish
Contracted form of Irish Gaelic Toiréasa, TRÉASA means "harvester."
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Noah, NOA means "motion."Â
Female
Hungarian
Hungarian form of Russian Roza, RÓZSA means "rose."
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : variant of Suit.
Male
Thai/Siamese
Thai name A-WUT means "weapon."
Female
Irish
Irish form of Spanish Theresa, TOIRÉASA means "harvester."
Female
Finnish
Finnish name derived from the word ansio, ANSA means "virtue."
Female
Swedish
Short form of Swedish Linnéa, NÉA means "twinflower."
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : probably a variant of Sewatt, which is from the common Old Norse personal name Sigvarðr, composed of sigr ‘victory’ + varðr ‘guardian’. The International Genealogical Index records several UK ancestors called Suit(t), though the name is hardly found in Britain today.
Female
Spanish
Spanish form of Greek Sophia, SOFÃA means "wisdom."
Female
Thai/Siamese
Thai name A-GUN means "grape."
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Father of Isa
Male
English
 Short form of English Isaac, ISA means "he will laugh." Compare with another form of Isa.
Male
Icelandic
Icelandic form of Greek Ionas, JÓNAS means "dove."
Female
Hungarian
Variant spelling of Hungarian Zsazsa, ZSA ZSA means "lily."Â
Female
Portuguese
Portuguese name GRAÇA means "graceful."
Female
Hebrew
(× Ö´×¡Ö¸×”): Hebrew name NISA means "to test." Also spelled Nissa.
Female
Welsh
Welsh form of Irish Gaelic Niamh, NIA means "beauty, brightness." Compare with another form of Nia.
Girl/Female
English American
Derived from abbreviation of names with '-nia' ending.
Male
Finnish
Finnish form of Greek Esaias, ESA means "God is salvation."
NSA SUITE-A-CRYPTOGRAPHY
NSA SUITE-A-CRYPTOGRAPHY
NSA SUITE-A-CRYPTOGRAPHY
NSA SUITE-A-CRYPTOGRAPHY
NSA SUITE-A-CRYPTOGRAPHY
NSA SUITE-A-CRYPTOGRAPHY
NSA SUITE-A-CRYPTOGRAPHY
n.
A retinue or company of attendants, as of a distinguished personage; as, the suite of an ambassador. See Suit, n., 5.
n.
A number of things used together, and generally necessary to be united in order to answer their purpose; a number of things ordinarily classed or used together; a set; as, a suit of curtains; a suit of armor; a suit of clothes.
a.
To a great extent or degree; very; very much; considerably.
v. t.
To strike; to inflict a blow upon with the hand, or with any instrument held in the hand, or with a missile thrown by the hand; as, to smite with the fist, with a rod, sword, spear, or stone.
n.
That which follows as a retinue; a company of attendants or followers; the assembly of persons who attend upon a prince, magistrate, or other person of distinction; -- often written suite, and pronounced sw/t.
a.
Quite certain.
n.
The place where anything is fixed; situation; local position; as, the site of a city or of a house.
a.
Completely; wholly; entirely; totally; perfectly; as, the work is not quite done; the object is quite accomplished; to be quite mistaken.
v. t.
To fill with spite; to offend; to vex.
n.
A place fitted or chosen for any certain permanent use or occupation; as, a site for a church.
imp. & p. p.
of Suit
v. t.
To please; to make content; as, he is well suited with his place; to suit one's taste.
pl.
of Ansa
n.
One of the old musical forms, before the time of the more compact sonata, consisting of a string or series of pieces all in the same key, mostly in various dance rhythms, with sometimes an elaborate prelude. Some composers of the present day affect the suite form.
v. t.
To fit; to adapt; to make proper or suitable; as, to suit the action to the word.
n.
Things that follow in a series or succession; the individual objects, collectively considered, which constitute a series, as of rooms, buildings, compositions, etc.; -- often written suite, and pronounced sw/t.
v. t.
To destroy the life of by beating, or by weapons of any kind; to slay by a blow; to kill; as, to smite one with the sword, or with an arrow or other instrument.
a.
Fitted; suited.
n.
The attempt to gain an end by legal process; an action or process for the recovery of a right or claim; legal application to a court for justice; prosecution of right before any tribunal; as, a civil suit; a criminal suit; a suit in chancery.
n.
A connected series or succession of objects; a number of things used or clessed together; a set; as, a suite of rooms; a suite of minerals. See Suit, n., 6.
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