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Family of cryptographic hash functions
The Secure Hash Algorithms are a family of cryptographic hash functions published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a U
Secure_Hash_Algorithms
Hash function that is suitable for use in cryptography
only polynomial time. There are many cryptographic hash algorithms; this section lists a few algorithms that are referenced relatively often. A more extensive
Cryptographic_hash_function
Competition to develop SHA-3
SHA-3 hash algorithm. The winning hash function has been published as NIST FIPS 202 the "SHA-3 Standard", to complement FIPS 180-4, the Secure Hash Standard
NIST hash function competition
NIST_hash_function_competition
Hash function phenomenon
from a hash function which takes a data input and returns a fixed length of bits. Although hash algorithms, especially cryptographic hash algorithms, have
Hash_collision
Set of cryptographic hash functions
SHA-2 (Secure Hash Algorithm 2) is a set of cryptographic hash functions designed by the United States National Security Agency (NSA) and first published
SHA-2
Information used for message authentication and integrity checking
cryptographic hash functions (as in the case of HMAC) or from block cipher algorithms (OMAC, CCM, GCM, and PMAC). However many of the fastest MAC algorithms, like
Message_authentication_code
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
bare digest algorithms, and so has been thought worth the effort. Cryptographic hash functions are a third type of cryptographic algorithm. They take a
Cryptography
Obsolete cryptographic hash function
The MD2 Message-Digest Algorithm is an obsolete cryptographic hash function developed by Ronald Rivest in 1989. The algorithm is optimized for 8-bit computers
MD2_(hash_function)
Computer communications authentication algorithm
retrieved 15 June 2015 Eastlake, Donald; Hansen, Tony (May 2011). US Secure Hash Algorithms (SHA and SHA-based HMAC and HKDF). Internet Engineering Task Force
HMAC
Message-digest hashing algorithm
computational requirements than more recent Secure Hash Algorithms. MD5 is one in a series of message digest algorithms designed by Professor Ronald Rivest of
MD5
Concept in cryptography
Hash-based cryptography is the generic term for constructions of cryptographic primitives based on the security of hash functions. It is of interest as
Hash-based_cryptography
Attack against cryptographical hash functions
information at the end of the message and produce a valid hash without knowing the secret. Algorithms like MD5, SHA-1 and most of SHA-2 that are based on the
Length_extension_attack
Hash functions
as a secure message authentication code (MAC). SipHash, however, is not a general purpose key-less hash function such as Secure Hash Algorithms (SHA)
SipHash
Cryptographic hash function
In cryptography, SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) is a hash function which takes an input and produces a 160-bit (20-byte) hash value known as a message
SHA-1
Function that derives secret keys from a secret value
illustrated the importance of algorithm selection in securing passwords. Although bcrypt was employed to protect the hashes (making large scale brute-force
Key_derivation_function
Set of cryptographic hash functions
SHA-3 (Secure Hash Algorithm 3) is the latest member of the Secure Hash Algorithm family of standards, released by NIST on August 5, 2015. Although part
SHA-3
theory and formal reduction. These functions are called provably secure cryptographic hash functions. To construct these is very difficult, and few examples
Security of cryptographic hash functions
Security_of_cryptographic_hash_functions
Method of building collision-resistant cryptographic hash functions
functions. This construction was used in the design of many popular hash algorithms such as MD5, SHA-1, and SHA-2. The Merkle–Damgård construction was
Merkle–Damgård_construction
Measure of cryptographic strength
measure of the strength that a cryptographic primitive — such as a cipher or hash function — achieves. Security level is usually expressed as a number of "bits
Security_level
Random data used as an additional input to a hash function
salt is random data fed as an additional input to a one-way function that hashes data, a password or passphrase. Salting helps defend against attacks that
Salt_(cryptography)
Cryptographic hash function
Skein Hash Function Family" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-24. Retrieved 2010-12-15. "NIST Selects Winner of Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-3)
Skein_(hash_function)
Cryptographic key management algorithm
key derivation function (KDF), such as a hash function, and is therefore called a double ratchet. The algorithm provides forward secrecy for messages, and
Double_Ratchet_Algorithm
Set of cryptographic algorithms by the NSA
The Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite (CNSA) is a set of cryptographic algorithms promulgated by the National Security Agency as a replacement
Commercial National Security Algorithm Suite
Commercial_National_Security_Algorithm_Suite
Key derivation function based on an HMAC
"hash_hkdf — Generate a HKDF key derivation of a supplied key input". php.net. Eastlake, Donald; Hansen, Tony (2011). "US Secure Hash Algorithms (SHA
HKDF
Cryptographic hash function
cryptography, Whirlpool (sometimes styled WHIRLPOOL) is a cryptographic hash function. It was designed by Vincent Rijmen (co-creator of the Advanced Encryption
Whirlpool_(hash_function)
Used for encoding or decoding ciphertext
Quynh (August 2012). "Recommendation for Applications Using Approved Hash Algorithms" (PDF). Retrieved 2021-04-02. Turan, M. S.; Barker, E. B.; Burr, W
Key_(cryptography)
Non-cryptographic hash function
non-cryptographic hash function created by Glenn Fowler, Landon Curt Noll, and Kiem-Phong Vo. The basis of the FNV hash algorithm was taken from an idea
Fowler–Noll–Vo_hash_function
a checksum. Hash function security summary Secure Hash Algorithms NIST hash function competition Key derivation functions (category) "Hash functions".
List_of_hash_functions
Attack model against cryptographic hash functions
preimage attack on cryptographic hash functions tries to find a message that has a specific hash value. A cryptographic hash function should resist attacks
Preimage_attack
Algorithm for public-key cryptography
details of padding scheme for secure public-key encryption and hashing for secure digital signature are different. The use of a hash, first proposed in 1978
RSA_cryptosystem
Type of data structure
cryptographic hash of the labels of its child nodes. A hash tree allows efficient and secure verification of the contents of a large data structure. A hash tree
Merkle_tree
the timestamp. There are different algorithms that can be used to build a hash calendar and extract a relevant hash chain per second. The easiest is to
Hash_calendar
Open competition to select password hash functions
need for strong password hash algorithms, hopefully avoiding a repeat of previous password breaches involving weak or no hashing, such as the ones involving
Password_Hashing_Competition
System that regulates the formation of blocks on a blockchain
through the idea of "reusable proof of work" using the 160-bit secure hash algorithm 1 (SHA-1). Proof of work was later popularized by Bitcoin as a foundation
Proof_of_work
Cryptographic algorithm for digital signatures
follows these steps: Calculate e = HASH ( m ) {\displaystyle e={\textrm {HASH}}(m)} . (Here HASH is a cryptographic hash function, such as SHA-2, with the
Elliptic Curve Digital Signature Algorithm
Elliptic_Curve_Digital_Signature_Algorithm
Cryptographic hash function
increased to 16. Throughout the NIST hash function competition, entrants are permitted to "tweak" their algorithms to address issues that are discovered
BLAKE_(hash_function)
Cryptographic hash function
cryptographic hash function designed by Ross Anderson and Eli Biham in 1995 for efficiency on 64-bit platforms. The size of a Tiger hash value is 192 bits
Tiger_(hash_function)
Algorithm
Symmetric-key algorithms are algorithms for cryptography that use the same cryptographic keys for both the encryption of plaintext and the decryption
Symmetric-key_algorithm
Key derivation function
published in 2017, recommends PBKDF2 for password hashing. PBKDF2 applies a pseudorandom function, such as hash-based message authentication code (HMAC), to
PBKDF2
Augmented password-authenticated key exchange protocol
group Z N ∗ {\displaystyle \scriptstyle \mathbb {Z} _{N}^{*}} . H() is a hash function; e.g., SHA-256. k is a parameter derived by both sides; in SRP-6
Secure Remote Password protocol
Secure_Remote_Password_protocol
Digital signature scheme
other properties are required for a secure signature algorithm. Just as with the closely related signature algorithms DSA, ECDSA, and ElGamal, reusing the
Schnorr_signature
IEEE network security standard
for encryption and authentication algorithms as well as protection against replay attacks An optional LAN-wide Secure Channel Identifier (SCI), which is
IEEE_802.1AE
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
During the AES selection process, developers of competing algorithms wrote of Rijndael's algorithm "we are concerned about [its] use ... in security-critical
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
Free and open-source disk encryption utility
on November 15, 2018. "Encryption Algorithms". VeraCrypt Documentation. IDRIX. Retrieved 2018-03-31. "Hash Algorithms". VeraCrypt Documentation. IDRIX
VeraCrypt
Password cracking dataset
cryptographic hash function, usually for cracking password hashes. Passwords are typically stored not in plain text form, but as hash values. If such
Rainbow_table
Cryptographic hash function
1007/978-3-642-13858-4_10. ISBN 978-3-642-13857-7. "NIST Selects Winner of Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA-3) Competition" (Press release). NIST. 2012-10-02. Retrieved
JH_(hash_function)
Property of some cryptosystems
encryption algorithm to produce encrypted messages that are indistinguishable from random bits. However, some authors consider such encryption algorithms to be
Ciphertext indistinguishability
Ciphertext_indistinguishability
Implementations of Advanced Encryption Standard
A comprehensive C++ public-domain implementation of encryption and hash algorithms. FIPS validated gKrypt has implemented Rijndael on CUDA with its first
AES_implementations
Mapping arbitrary data to fixed-size values
output. The values returned by a hash function are called hash values, hash codes, (hash/message) digests, or simply hashes. The values are usually used to
Hash_function
Cryptographic hash function
encryption algorithms could also undermine collision resistance when applied in a hashing context. As a result of these findings, N-hash was never adopted
N-hash
Block cipher
cryptographic hash function. This weakness led to a method for hacking Microsoft's Xbox game console, where the cipher was used as a hash function. TEA
Tiny_Encryption_Algorithm
Encrypted information
different types of encryption. Earlier algorithms were performed by hand and are substantially different from modern algorithms, which are generally executed by
Ciphertext
Method to set encryption keys
typically used. Such systems almost always use symmetric key cryptographic algorithms. The term PSK is used in Wi-Fi encryption such as Wired Equivalent Privacy
Pre-shared_key
Cryptographic secret, not public in contrast to salt
password during hashing with a cryptographic hash function. This value differs from a salt in that it is not stored alongside a password hash, but rather
Pepper_(cryptography)
Digital verification standard
version 10.0. release notes". Retrieved 21 April 2025. "FIPS PUB 180-4: Secure Hash Standard (SHS), March 2012" (PDF). csrc.nist.gov. "NIST Special Publication
Digital_Signature_Algorithm
Tables comparing general and technical information for common hashes
internal state here means the "internal hash sum" after each compression of a data block. Most hash algorithms also internally use some additional variables
Comparison of cryptographic hash functions
Comparison_of_cryptographic_hash_functions
Deleting data by deleting encryption keys
'salting': Hashing can be inadequate for confidentiality, because the hash is always the same when entering the same data. For example: The hash of a specific
Crypto-shredding
Cryptographic hash function
cryptographic hash algorithm". SM3 is used for implementing digital signatures, message authentication codes, and pseudorandom number generators. The algorithm is
SM3_(hash_function)
Basic cryptographic algorithm used to build cryptographic protocols
security systems. These routines include, but are not limited to, one-way hash functions and encryption functions. When creating cryptographic systems,
Cryptographic_primitive
Number of bits in a key used by a cryptographic algorithm
against an algorithm), because the security of all algorithms can be violated by brute-force attacks. Ideally, the lower-bound on an algorithm's security
Key_size
Cryptographic primitives that involve lattices
polynomial time on a quantum computer. Furthermore, algorithms for factorization tend to yield algorithms for discrete logarithm, and conversely. This further
Lattice-based_cryptography
Password-based key derivation function
increasing computation power. The bcrypt function is the default password hash algorithm for OpenBSD,[non-primary source needed] and was the default for some
Bcrypt
Publicly known attacks against cryptographic hash functions
cryptographic hash functions. Note that not all entries may be up to date. For a summary of other hash function parameters, see comparison of cryptographic hash functions
Hash function security summary
Hash_function_security_summary
Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext
a digital signature usually done by a hashing algorithm or a PGP signature. Authenticated encryption algorithms are designed to provide both encryption
Encryption
Surveillance strategy
algorithms to be broken at some time in the future, making it possible to decrypt any stored material that had been encrypted using those algorithms.
Harvest_now,_decrypt_later
System to verify the source and or authenticity of a message
transmitted between them. It is based on using a cryptographic hash or symmetric encryption algorithm. The authentication key is only shared by exactly two parties
Message_authentication
Cryptographic hash function
The elliptic curve only hash (ECOH) algorithm was submitted as a candidate for SHA-3 in the NIST hash function competition. However, it was rejected in
Elliptic_curve_only_hash
Function computed by two parties that emulates a random oracle
function, similar to a keyed-hash function, but with the distinction that in an OPRF two parties cooperate to securely compute a pseudorandom function
Oblivious pseudorandom function
Oblivious_pseudorandom_function
List of data hashes
file). A hash list is a subtree of a Merkle tree. Often, an additional hash of the hash list itself (a top hash, also called root hash or master hash) is used
Hash_list
Process of developing the AES standard
period. The result of this feedback was a call for new algorithms on September 12, 1997. The algorithms were all to be block ciphers, supporting a block size
Advanced Encryption Standard process
Advanced_Encryption_Standard_process
Cryptographic hash function
Smooth Hash (VSH) is a provably secure cryptographic hash function invented in 2005 by Scott Contini, Arjen Lenstra, and Ron Steinfeld. Provably secure means
Very_smooth_hash
Mathematical scheme for verifying the authenticity of digital documents
consists of three algorithms: A key generation algorithm that selects a private key at random from a set of possible private keys. The algorithm outputs the
Digital_signature
Techniques to protect against brute-force attack
password hashes.) Key derivation function – often uses key stretching PBKDF2, bcrypt, scrypt, Argon2 – widely used key stretching algorithms Hash chain Kelsey
Key_stretching
Scheme often used with RSA encryption
encoding algorithm: Hash the label L using the chosen hash function: l H a s h = H a s h ( L ) {\displaystyle \mathrm {lHash} =\mathrm {Hash} (L)} To
Optimal asymmetric encryption padding
Optimal_asymmetric_encryption_padding
Technical standard
republished as RFC 3447, version 2.2 updates the list of allowed hashing algorithms to align them with FIPS 180-4, therefore adding SHA-224, SHA-512/224
PKCS_1
Family of block ciphers
world's leading cryptographers support NSA's conclusion that the algorithms are secure and NSA affirmed that it is not aware of any cryptanalytic techniques
Speck_(cipher)
Authenticated encryption mode
to the class of authenticated encryption with associated data (AEAD) algorithms. In practice, GCM gives a recipient two guarantees at once: the message
Galois/Counter_Mode
International standard
needs and emerging cryptographic algorithms. RFC 8933 (Update to the Cryptographic Message Syntax (CMS) for Algorithm Identifier Protection) RFC 5652 (Cryptographic
Cryptographic_Message_Syntax
Cryptographic attack
a collision attack on a cryptographic hash tries to find two inputs producing the same hash value, i.e. a hash collision. This is in contrast to a preimage
Collision_attack
Encrypted telephone system
is present, secure calls can be placed to other STE phones. STE phones are "releasable" (unlike STU-III sets). All cryptographic algorithms are in the
Secure_Terminal_Equipment
Field of asymmetric cryptographic primitives
public key as follows. The message is hashed to a vector in y ∈ F n {\displaystyle y\in F^{n}} via a known hash function. The signature is x = P − 1 (
Multivariate_cryptography
Stream cipher
be used to build a cryptographic hash function, a deterministic random bit generator (DRBG), an encryption algorithm that supports authenticated encryption
RC4
Aspect of cryptography
as sequences of cryptographic primitives. A protocol describes how the algorithms should be used and includes details about data structures and representations
Cryptographic_protocol
Concept in cryptography
effect is the desirable property of cryptographic algorithms, typically block ciphers and cryptographic hash functions, wherein if an input is changed slightly
Avalanche_effect
Type of symmetric key cipher
unrelated (such as generated by a well-seeded CSPRNG or a cryptographic hash function) and that the first bytes of the keystream are discarded. The elements
Stream_cipher
German cipher machine during World War II
all branches of the German military. The Enigma machine was considered so secure that it was used to encipher the most top-secret messages. The Enigma has
Enigma_machine
their work. Hashing is a common technique used in cryptography to encode information quickly using typical algorithms. Generally, an algorithm is applied
History_of_cryptography
Project by NIST to standardize post-quantum cryptography
("first track"), as well as eight alternate algorithms ("second track"). The first track contains the algorithms which appear to have the most promise, and
NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization
NIST_Post-Quantum_Cryptography_Standardization
Family of authenticated ciphers
Ascon is a family of lightweight authenticated ciphers and hash functions that have been selected by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology
Ascon_(cipher)
Cryptanalytic method for unauthorized users to access data
attacks. A special form of credential recycling is pass the hash, where unsalted hashed credentials are stolen and re-used without first being brute-forced
Brute-force_attack
Authenticated encryption with associated data algorithm
faster than AES-GCM. The two building blocks of the construction, the algorithms Poly1305 and ChaCha20, were both independently designed, in 2005 and 2008
ChaCha20-Poly1305
Universal hash family used for message authentication in cryptography
Poly1305 is a universal hash family designed by Daniel J. Bernstein in 2002 for use in cryptography. As with any universal hash family, Poly1305 can be
Poly1305
Digital asset using a distributed ledger
proof-of-work schemes are based on SHA-256 and scrypt. Some other hashing algorithms that are used for proof-of-work include CryptoNote, Blake, SHA-3,
Cryptocurrency
Block cipher
general-purpose algorithm, intended as an alternative to the aging DES and free of the problems and constraints associated with other algorithms. At the time
Blowfish_(cipher)
Ability to easily switch cryptographic primitives
type, key length, and a hash algorithm. X.509 version v.3, with key type RSA, a 1024-bit key length, and the SHA-1 hash algorithm were found by NIST to
Cryptographic_agility
U.S. government cryptographic standard
and CCCS focus on working with government and industry to establish more secure systems and networks by developing, managing and promoting security assessment
FIPS_140-3
Symmetric-key block cipher
IDEA in 1996, writing: "In my opinion, it is the best and most secure block algorithm available to the public at this time." (Applied Cryptography, 2nd
International Data Encryption Algorithm
International_Data_Encryption_Algorithm
Collection of efficiently-computable functions which emulate a random oracle
in a PRF. That is, if Alice cryptographically hashes her secret value, cryptographically blinds the hash to produce the message she sends to Bob, and Bob
Pseudorandom_function_family
Type of functions designed for being unsolvable by root-finding algorithms
few. A cryptographically secure hash might also be a base of a good CSPRNG, using, for example, a construct that NIST calls Hash DRBG. An HMAC primitive
Cryptographically secure pseudorandom number generator
Cryptographically_secure_pseudorandom_number_generator
Adding data to a message prior to encryption to hide its length
of the message. This kind of padding scheme is commonly applied to hash algorithms that use the Merkle–Damgård construction such as MD-5, SHA-1, and SHA-2
Padding_(cryptography)
SECURE HASH-ALGORITHMS
SECURE HASH-ALGORITHMS
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English
Dweller by the Ash Tree; Adventurer; Cliff
Male
Swedish
Swedish name derived from Old Norse stúra, STURE means "obstinate."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name from Middle English score ‘steep place’ (Old English scoru), or a habitational name from Score in Ilfracombe or Scur Farm in Braunton, Devon.
Male
Danish
, harsh, severe.
Female
Vietnamese
Vietnamese name HANH means "has good conduct."
Surname or Lastname
German
German : nickname for a swift runner or a timorous person, from Middle High German, Middle Low German hase ‘hare’.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : ornamental name from German Hase ‘hare’.English : from a Middle English nickname, Hase, from Old English hÄs ‘harsh, raucous, or hoarse voice’.Japanese : usually written with characters meaning ‘long valley’; habitational name from a place in Yamato (now Nara prefecture). Listed in the Shinsen shÅjiroku. Some bearers are descended from the Taira clan; they are found mainly in eastern Japan. Also pronounced Nagaya and Nagatani; the original pronunciation was Hatsuse, meaning ‘beginning of the strait’.
Boy/Male
Indian
Solid, Strong, Secure, Confident, Sure, Certain
Male
English
 Short form of English unisex Ashley, ASH means "ash-tree grove."Â
Male
Hindi/Indian
(यश) Hindi name YASH means "glory."
Boy/Male
Muslim
Solid, Strong, Secure, Confident, Sure, Certain
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, English, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian
From the Ash Tree Farm; Ash Trees Meadow; Felicitous
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived near an ash tree, or a habitational name from a place named with the Old English word æsc (see Ash). The Anglo-Norman French preposition de ‘of’, ‘from’ has become fused to the name.Americanized spelling of German Dasch.Indian : variant of Das.
Girl/Female
Australian, British, Chinese, English, Gujarati, Indian
Form of Ashley; Ash Tree Meadow
Boy/Male
Muslim
Solid, Strong, Secure, Confident, Sure, Certain
Boy/Male
Indian
Solid, Strong, Secure, Confident, Sure, Certain
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by an ash tree, a variant of Ash by misdivision of Middle English atten ash ‘at the ash’, or a habitational name from any of the many places in England and Wales named Nash, from this phrase, as for example Nash in Buckinghamshire, Herefordshire, or Shropshire. The name was established from an early date in Wales and Ireland.Jewish : of unknown origin, possibly an Americanized form of one or more like-sounding Jewish surnames.The surname Nash was taken to Ireland from England or Wales by a family who established themselves in Co. Kerry in the 13th century, during the second wave of Anglo-Norman settlement.
Girl/Female
African, Australian, Swahili
Secure
Surname or Lastname
German
German : probably a habitational name from Haste near Wunstorf or Osnabrück.Dutch : nickname from Middle Dutch haest ‘hasty’.Swedish : soldier’s name, from hast ‘haste’, ‘hurry’.English (Lancashire and Yorkshire) : reduced form of Hayhurst.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Ash; the name arose as the result of misdivision of Middle English atter ashe ‘at the ash tree’ (Old English æt þǣre æsce).Jewish : of uncertain origin; the Guggenheimers consider it to be a variant of Rasch 1.Americanized spelling of German and Jewish Rasch.
Surname or Lastname
Scottish and Irish
Scottish and Irish : reduced form of McCure, an Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Ãomhair (see McIver).English : possibly from Middle English cure ‘charge’, ‘care’, ‘concern’.
SECURE HASH-ALGORITHMS
SECURE HASH-ALGORITHMS
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Blessing of Allah
Girl/Female
Muslim
Light, Another name of Hazrat Fatima Zahra
Boy/Male
Biblical Polynesian
His brother; his brethren.
Male
Spanish
Spanish form of Latin Josephus, IUCEPH means "(God) shall add (another son)."Â
Boy/Male
Indian, Rajasthani
Male King
Biblical
City of four; Fourth city
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian
Lord Krishna
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Beautiful
Girl/Female
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Tamil
Glorious; Woman; Beautiful
Girl/Female
English
Abbreviation of Jillian or Gillian. Jove's child.
SECURE HASH-ALGORITHMS
SECURE HASH-ALGORITHMS
SECURE HASH-ALGORITHMS
SECURE HASH-ALGORITHMS
SECURE HASH-ALGORITHMS
a.
Insecure.
a.
Not secure; not confident of safety or permanence; distrustful; suspicious; apprehensive of danger or loss.
a.
Confident in opinion; not entertaining, or not having reason to entertain, doubt; certain; sure; -- commonly with of; as, secure of a welcome.
v. t.
To keep secret.
n.
To /hop into small pieces; to mince and mix; as, to hash meat.
n.
Cure; remedy; recovery.
a.
Hidden; concealed; as, secret treasure; secret plans; a secret vow.
v. i.
To deliver a lecture or lectures.
v. t.
To make fast; to close or confine effectually; to render incapable of getting loose or escaping; as, to secure a prisoner; to secure a door, or the hatches of a ship.
v. t.
To put beyond hazard of losing or of not receiving; to make certain; to assure; to insure; -- frequently with against or from, rarely with of; as, to secure a creditor against loss; to secure a debt by a mortgage.
n.
A sash.
v. t.
To be a cure for; to remedy.
adv.
In a secure manner; without fear or apprehension; without danger; safely.
imp. & p. p.
of Secure
v. t.
To get possession of; to make one's self secure of; to acquire certainly; as, to secure an estate.
a.
Secret; secretive; faithful to a secret.
n.
One who, or that which, secures.
superl.
Very strict in judgment, discipline, or government; harsh; not mild or indulgent; rigorous; as, severe criticism; severe punishment.
n.
A secret.
superl.
Sharp; afflictive; distressing; violent; extreme; as, severe pain, anguish, fortune; severe cold.