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In oligopoly theory, conjectural variation is the belief that one firm has an idea about the way its competitors may react if it varies its output or
Conjectural_variation
Paper-and-pencil game for two players
have been found on roofing tiles dating from around 1300 BC. An early variation of tic-tac-toe was played in the Roman Empire, around the first century
Tic-tac-toe
Search algorithm
this algorithm can be trivially modified to return an entire principal variation in addition to the score. Some more aggressive algorithms such as MTD(f)
Alpha–beta_pruning
Standard example in game theory
the mix in the initial population. The introduction of mutation (random variation during reproduction) lessens the dependency on the initial population;
Prisoner's_dilemma
Logical paradox in decision-making theory
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Paradox_of_tolerance
Concept in game theory
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Focal_point_(game_theory)
Decision rule used for minimizing the possible loss for a worst-case scenario
may be trivially modified to additionally return an entire Principal Variation along with a minimax score. The pseudocode for the depth-limited minimax
Minimax
Israeli-American psychologist and economist (1934–2024)
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Daniel_Kahneman
Hand game for two players or more
Today, the best-known sansukumi-ken is called jan-ken (じゃんけん), which is a variation of the Chinese games introduced in the 17th century. Jan-ken uses the
Rock_paper_scissors
Solution concept of a non-cooperative game
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Nash_equilibrium
English saying meaning "equivalent retaliation"
(in the game-theory sense) than tit for tat. Generous tit for tat is a variation of the tit-for-tat strategy that introduces a mechanism for forgiveness
Tit_for_tat
Condition in economics and game theory
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Perfect_information
Hand game for two or more players
game's simple basic structure, there are many rule variations, as noted below. For example, in one variation a hand can only be knocked out by a sum of exactly
Chopsticks_(hand_game)
Human behavior pattern in which the participant takes on increasing risk
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Escalation_of_commitment
Political model of international conflict resolution
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Two-level_game_theory
Cooperation between firms to limit competition
collusion may have higher efficiency than if firms did not collude. One variation of this traditional theory is the theory of kinked demand. Firms face
Collusion
Game theory scenario
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Win–win_game
Pairing where no unchosen pair prefers each other over their choice
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Stable_matching_problem
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List_of_games_in_game_theory
Overuse of a shared resource
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Tragedy_of_the_commons
Hungarian and American mathematician and physicist (1903–1957)
for the gradient of a minimizing function in the field of calculus of variations, and a small simplification of Hermann Minkowski's theorem for linear
John_von_Neumann
Mathematical models of strategic interactions
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Game_theory
Concept in game theory
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Shapley_value
Model of humans as rational, self-interested agents
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Homo_economicus
Game whose outcome can be correctly predicted
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Solved_game
Model of conflict for two players in game theory
investigate a number of biologically relevant factors. These include adding variation in resource holding potential, and differences in the value of winning
Chicken_(game)
Problem in process of sharing surplus
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Cooperative_bargaining
Representation of a game in game theory
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Normal-form_game
Situation where total gains match total losses
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Zero-sum_game
Weakly optimal allocation of resources
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Pareto_efficiency
Situation where all parties are worse off
differs from that for any one player (as in the prisoner's dilemma). A variation of a no-win situation found in video gaming is a softlock, a scenario
No-win_situation
Quality of a strategy in game theory
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Strategic_dominance
Solution concept in game theory
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Rationalizable_strategy
Finding an optimal algorithm for playing chess
then all moves for the opponent, etc., to the end of the game (in each variation). The end must occur, by the rules of the games after a finite number
Solving_chess
Israeli psychologist (1937–1996)
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Amos_Tversky
Application of game theory to evolving populations in biology
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Evolutionary_game_theory
Game in economic experiments
limited study of monozygotic and dizygotic twins claims that genetic variation can have an effect on reactions to unfair offers, though the study failed
Ultimatum_game
Enhancement of Alpha–Beta game tree search
Principal variation search (sometimes equated with the practically identical NegaScout) is a negamax algorithm that can be faster than alpha–beta pruning
Principal_variation_search
Facilitating a peaceful outcome to a dispute
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Conflict_resolution
Field in social science
understand those processes which lead to a more desirable human condition. A variation on this, peace studies, is an interdisciplinary effort aiming at the prevention
Peace_and_conflict_studies
Problem about bus travel
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Wait/walk_dilemma
Conflict between safety and cooperation
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Stag_hunt
Simple mathematical game
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Pirate_game
Military strategy during the Cold War with regard to the use of nuclear weapons
The US policy of deterrence during the Cold War underwent significant variations. The early stages of the Cold War were generally characterized by the
Deterrence_theory
Decrease in severity of conflicts
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De-escalation
Experimental tool
made by each participant when deciding the amount to give in the game. A variation of the dictator game called the "taking" game (see "Experiments" section
Dictator_game
Preference of known risks to unknown risks
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Ambiguity_aversion
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Fictitious_play
Complete plan on how a game player will behave in every possible game situation
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Strategy_(game_theory)
Two-player coordination game in game theory
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Battle of the sexes (game theory)
Battle_of_the_sexes_(game_theory)
Field of economics and game theory
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Mechanism_design
Concept in game theory
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Incentive_compatibility
Economic phenomenon
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Tyranny_of_small_decisions
Game theory concept
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Bayesian_game
Game where groups of players may enforce cooperative behaviour
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Cooperative_game_theory
Game-theoretic concept
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Cheap_talk
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Asynchrony_(game_theory)
Concept in conflict studies
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Conflict_escalation
Resource distribution game
in auction theory where bidders must make simultaneous bids. Several variations on the original game have been solved by Jean-François Laslier, Brian
Blotto_game
Paradox in economics
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Bertrand_paradox_(economics)
Trigger strategy
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Grim_trigger
Branch of game theory about two-player sequential games with perfect information
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Combinatorial_game_theory
Economic model
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Cournot_competition
Level of information in economics and game theory
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Complete_information
Two player pursuit-evasion problem
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Princess_and_monster_game
Mathematical game
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Guess_2/3_of_the_average
Class of strategies employed in a repeated non-cooperative game
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Trigger_strategy
Economic model
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Stackelberg_competition
Israeli-American mathematician (born 1930)
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Robert_Aumann
Game theory concept
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Subgame_perfect_equilibrium
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Complete_mixing
Variation of minimax game tree search
the negamax value at its root node. This pseudocode shows the fail-soft variation of alpha–beta pruning. Fail-soft never returns α or β directly as a node
Negamax
Game that repeats a base game
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Repeated_game
Problem in game theory
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Airport_problem
Proof all ranked voting rules have spoilers
Benchmark Theory". Synthese. 192: 241–267. doi:10.1007/s11229-014-0566-3. Variations can be found in, e.g., Barrow, John D. (2010). 100 Essential Things You
Arrow's_impossibility_theorem
Solution concept in game theory
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Evolutionarily stable strategy
Evolutionarily_stable_strategy
Type of perfect Bayesian equilibrium
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Separating_equilibrium
Poker game developed by Harold Kuhn
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Kuhn_poker
In board games that cannot end in a draw, one of the two players has a winning strategy
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Zermelo's theorem (game theory)
Zermelo's_theorem_(game_theory)
Problem in mathematical sociology
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Bankruptcy_problem
Biological concept
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Resource_holding_potential
Polish-American mathematician (1911-1992)
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Melvin_Dresher
Making of satisfactory, not optimal, decisions
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Bounded_rationality
Solution concept in Game Theory
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Bayes_correlated_equilibrium
Economic model of competition
also willing to gain a larger customer network. Aggregative game Conjectural variation Cournot competition Differentiated Bertrand competition Stackelberg
Bertrand_competition
Term in game theory
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Move_by_nature
Solution concept for non-cooperative games
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Mertens-stable_equilibrium
Experimental economics game
standard game (with a fixed initial endowment) allows no work effort variation and cannot capture the marginal substitutions among three factors: private
Public_goods_game
Problem in game theory
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El_Farol_Bar_problem
Diplomatic policy of concessions
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Appeasement
Concept in game theory involving long-term strategic planning
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Farsightedness_(game_theory)
Italian economist (born 1961)
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Pierpaolo_Battigalli
Solution concept in game theory
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Proper_equilibrium
Study of strategic decision making
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Mean-field_game_theory
Hungarian-American economist and philosopher (1920–2000)
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John_Harsanyi
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Uncorrelated_asymmetry
Academic discipline
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Quantum_game_theory
Formal rule for predicting how a game will be played
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Solution_concept
Tendency to overestimate in auctions
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Winner's_curse
Solution concept in game theory
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Quasi-perfect_equilibrium
CONJECTURAL VARIATION
CONJECTURAL VARIATION
Girl/Female
Indian
Angel, Variation of anaitis
Girl/Female
Muslim
Angel, Variation of anaitis
Boy/Male
Tamil
Variation to Shanti meaning peacefulness
Surname or Lastname
English
English : of uncertain derivation. The 18th-century parish registers of Marske, North Yorkshire, record the surname Hartburn with the variant Harburn; Harben may be a further variant of this. If so, its origin is probably topographic or habitational, from East Hartburn in Stockton-on-Tees or Hartburn in Northumberland, both named from Old English heorot ‘hart’ + burna ‘steam’. However, this conjecture is not borne out by the distribution of the surname a century later, when it occurs chiefly in Cambridgeshire and London and also with a significant presence in the Channel Islands, perhaps suggesting that it could be a variant of Harpin.
Boy/Male
British, English
The Gaelic Harvest Festival; A Variation of Samhain
Biblical
that foretells; that conjectures
Girl/Female
Chinese, French, German, Greek, Latin
Defender of Mankind; Noble; Female Version of Alexander; Variation of Alexander
Boy/Male
Hindu
Variation to Shanti meaning peacefulness
Boy/Male
Australian, Biblical
That Foretells; That Conjectures
Girl/Female
Hindu
Variation of Jenny which is a diminutive of jane and jennifer
Boy/Male
Biblical
That foretells, that conjectures.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Variation of Jenny which is a diminutive of jane and jennifer
Girl/Female
Hindu
Variation of Jenny which is a diminutive of jane and jennifer
Girl/Female
African, American, British, Chinese, Christian, Dutch, English, German, Greek, Hawaiian, Hebrew, Irish, Jamaican
Pure; Variation of Kay; Keeper of the Keys; Beloved; Crown of Laurels; Like God; Laurel; Crown; Slim; Fair
Girl/Female
Tamil
Variation of Jenny which is a diminutive of jane and jennifer
Boy/Male
Muslim
Intuition, Conjecture, Wisdom
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim, Urdu
Intuition; Conjecture; Wisdom
Girl/Female
African, American, British, English
Variation on Kadijah; Wife of Prophet Mohammad; Pure; Rhythmic Flow of Sounds; Rhyming; Variant of Katy or Cady
Girl/Female
Hindu
Variation of Jenny which is a diminutive of jane and jennifer
Girl/Female
Tamil
Variation of Jenny which is a diminutive of jane and jennifer
CONJECTURAL VARIATION
CONJECTURAL VARIATION
Boy/Male
Biblical
My king; kingdom; or counselor.
Boy/Male
Indian, Modern, Telugu
Honest
Girl/Female
American, Arabic, British, Christian, English, Swedish
Noble; Aristocratic Lady; Exalted One; Princess
Male
German
Variant spelling of German Aldric, ALDRICK means "old ruler; long time ruler."
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Always Happy; Joyful
Male
English
Variant spelling of English unisex Taylor, TAYLER means "cutter of cloth, tailor."
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Knowledgeable
Girl/Female
Tamil
Swan or beautiful lady
Male
Egyptian
, one of the seven great spirits in the Ritual of the Dead.
Girl/Female
Indian
The th Nakshathra, A bright star
CONJECTURAL VARIATION
CONJECTURAL VARIATION
CONJECTURAL VARIATION
CONJECTURAL VARIATION
CONJECTURAL VARIATION
v. i.
To make conjectures; to surmise; to guess; to infer; to form an opinion; to imagine.
v. t.
To estimate; to conjecture.
a.
Conjectural.
v. i.
Conjecture; guess.
a.
Capable of being conjectured or guessed.
v. t.
Supposition; conjecture.
v. i.
To guess or conjecture.
v. t.
To arrive at by conjecture; to infer on slight evidence; to surmise; to guess; to form, at random, opinions concerning.
n.
A conjecturer.
n.
One who conjectures.
v. t.
To conjecture.
a.
Dependent on conjecture; fancied; imagined; guessed at; undetermined; doubtful.
a.
Resting on supposition; hypothetical; conjectural; supposed.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Conjecture
imp. & p. p.
of Conjecture
a.
Conjectural; able to conjecture.
n.
Supposition; hypothesis; conjecture.
adv.
By way of conjecture.
v. t. & i.
To conjecture wrongly.
adv.
In a conjectural manner; by way of conjecture.