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Application of game theory to evolving populations in biology
Evolutionary game theory (EGT) is the application of game theory to evolving populations in biology. It defines a framework of contests, strategies, and
Evolutionary_game_theory
Mathematical models of strategic interactions
of game theory include algorithmic game theory, behavioral game theory, combinatorial game theory, evolutionary game theory, and quantum game theory. In
Game_theory
Concept in game theory
In game theory, a focal point (or Schelling point) is a solution that people tend to choose by default in the absence of communication in order to avoid
Focal_point_(game_theory)
Subject inspired by evolutionary biology
as demonstrated by Paul Rubin, among others. Evolutionary game theory is the application of game theory to evolving populations in biology. It defines
Evolutionary_economics
Idea that an animal's developmental stages resemble its evolutionary ancestors
evolutionary developmental biology (Evo Devo) are providing explanations for these phenomena on a molecular level. Analogies to recapitulation theory
Recapitulation_theory
Solution concept in game theory
it is an important concept in behavioural ecology, evolutionary psychology, mathematical game theory and economics, with applications in other fields such
Evolutionarily stable strategy
Evolutionarily_stable_strategy
Model of conflict for two players in game theory
used in biology and evolutionary game theory. From a game-theoretic point of view, "chicken" and "hawk–dove" are identical. The game has also been used
Chicken_(game)
Game in economic experiments
offer. Other authors have used evolutionary game theory to explain behavior in the ultimatum game. Simple evolutionary models, e.g. the replicator dynamics
Ultimatum_game
Modelling evolution using differential equations
time, but does not include genetic change. The related field of evolutionary game theory was first applied to biology by Maynard Smith. George Price introduced
Evolutionary_dynamics
Book by John Maynard Smith
Evolution and the Theory of Games is a book by the British evolutionary biologist John Maynard Smith on evolutionary game theory. The book was initially
Evolution and the Theory of Games
Evolution_and_the_Theory_of_Games
Interdisciplinary study
inheritance theory – Theory of human behavior Evolutionary neuroscience – Study of the evolution of nervous systems Evolutionary psychology – Branch of
Evolutionary_anthropology
Academic discipline
Quantum game theory is an extension of classical game theory to the quantum domain. It differs from classical game theory in three primary ways: Superposed
Quantum_game_theory
Complete plan on how a game player will behave in every possible game situation
In game theory, a move, action, or play is any one of the options which a player can choose in a setting where the optimal outcome depends not only on
Strategy_(game_theory)
Mathematics of change in size and age
biology fields such as epidemiology, and also uses techniques from evolutionary game theory in its modelling. Population dynamics has traditionally been the
Population_dynamics
Situation where total gains match total losses
Zero-sum game is a mathematical representation in game theory and economic theory of a situation that involves two competing entities, where the result
Zero-sum_game
Overview of and topical guide to change in the heritable characteristics of organisms
frequencies that occurs over time within a population Evolutionary game theory – Application of game theory to evolving populations in biology Fitness landscape –
Outline_of_evolution
Mathematical modelling of phenotypic evolution
reproducing populations. It is a branch of mathematical evolutionary theory that overlaps with evolutionary dynamics and adaptive dynamics. All three fields
Evolutionary invasion analysis
Evolutionary_invasion_analysis
Indian computer scientist (born 1978)
computer science, especially in algorithmic game theory, evolutionary game theory, logics and automata theory. Chatterjee obtained his BTech in Computer
Krishnendu_Chatterjee
evolutionary game theory John Harsanyi – equilibrium theory (Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences in 1994) Monika Henzinger – algorithmic game theory
List_of_game_theorists
Effects on human societies of the scientific explanation of life's diversity
have argued that social Darwinism is based on misconceptions of evolutionary theory, and many ethicists regard it as a case of the is-ought problem.
Social effects of evolutionary theory
Social_effects_of_evolutionary_theory
Branch of psychology
problems in human ancestral environments. Some evolutionary psychologists argue that evolutionary theory can provide a foundational, metatheoretical framework
Evolutionary_psychology
Set in game theory
In cooperative game theory, the core is the set of feasible allocations or imputations where no coalition of agents can benefit by breaking away from
Core_(game_theory)
Study of strategic decision making
Mean-field game theory is the study of strategic decision making by small interacting agents in very large populations. It lies at the intersection of game theory
Mean-field_game_theory
Ecological theory concerning the selection of life history traits
The r/K selection theory is an evolutionary hypothesis examining the selection of traits in an organism that trade off between quantity and quality of
R/K_selection_theory
Condition where selection restores genetic composition
free distribution (IFD) is itself an evolutionarily stable state containing mixed strategies. Evolutionary game theory as a whole provides a theoretical
Evolutionarily_stable_state
Branch of economic theory
guaranteed by concepts similar to constraints in Lagrangian mechanics. Evolutionary game theory studies the strategic interactions of boundedly rational players
Non-equilibrium_economics
In board games that cannot end in a draw, one of the two players has a winning strategy
In game theory, Zermelo's theorem is a theorem about finite two-person games of perfect information in which the players move alternately and in which
Zermelo's theorem (game theory)
Zermelo's_theorem_(game_theory)
In game theory, the outcome of a game is the ultimate result of a strategic interaction with one or more people, dependant on the choices made by all participants
Outcome_(game_theory)
Study of the evolution of life
Evolutionary biology is a subfield of biology that analyzes the four mechanisms of evolution: natural selection, mutation, genetic drift, and gene flow
Evolutionary_biology
Branch of game theory about two-player sequential games with perfect information
Combinatorial game theory is a branch of mathematics and theoretical computer science that typically studies sequential games with perfect information
Combinatorial_game_theory
Study of evolution on morality or ethics
Evolutionary ethics is a field of inquiry that explores how evolutionary theory might bear on our understanding of ethics or morality. The range of issues
Evolutionary_ethics
English saying meaning "equivalent retaliation"
blow", first recorded in 1558. It is also a highly effective strategy in game theory. An agent using this strategy will first cooperate, then subsequently
Tit_for_tat
Set of strategies in game theory
In game theory an evolutionarily stable set (ES set), sometimes referred to as evolutionary stable sets, is a set of strategies, which score equally against
Evolutionarily_stable_set
Game theory model of aggression
In game theory, the war of attrition is a dynamic timing game in which players choose a time to stop, and fundamentally trade off the strategic gains from
War_of_attrition_(game)
Decision rule used for minimizing the possible loss for a worst-case scenario
a decision rule used in artificial intelligence, decision theory, combinatorial game theory, statistics, and philosophy for minimizing the possible loss
Minimax
Point in evolutionary space where selection always leads
identified the emergence of evolutionary attractors. Evolutionary game theory as applied in biology was inspired by game theory originally devised for applications
Evolutionary_attractor
In game theory, a stochastically stable equilibrium is a refinement of the evolutionarily stable state in evolutionary game theory, proposed by Dean Foster
Stochastically stable equilibrium
Stochastically_stable_equilibrium
Game where groups of players may enforce cooperative behaviour
In game theory, a cooperative or coalitional game is a game with groups of players who form binding "coalitions" with external enforcement of cooperative
Cooperative_game_theory
Two-player coordination game in game theory
In game theory, the battle of the sexes is a two-player coordination game that also involves elements of conflict. The game was introduced in 1957 by R
Battle of the sexes (game theory)
Battle_of_the_sexes_(game_theory)
Concept in game theory involving long-term strategic planning
scenarios. In evolutionary settings, myopic strategies might dominate if immediate survival outweighs long-term planning. In evolutionary game theory, farsightedness
Farsightedness_(game_theory)
Discussion of the meaning and usage of the terms evolution, fact and theory
statements by evolutionary biologists and philosophers of science demonstrating some of the different perspectives on evolution as fact and theory. Evolution
Evolution_as_fact_and_theory
Any cause that reduces reproductive success in a proportion of a population
Evolutionary pressure, selective pressure or selection pressure is exerted by factors that reduce or increase reproductive success in a portion of a population
Evolutionary_pressure
Dynamical system
the replicator equation is a type of dynamical system used in evolutionary game theory to model how the frequency of strategies in a population changes
Replicator_equation
Set of theoretical concepts concerning evolutionary biology
to be formulated. In 1985, biologist Robert G. B. Reid authored Evolutionary Theory: The Unfinished Synthesis, which argued that the modern synthesis
Extended evolutionary synthesis
Extended_evolutionary_synthesis
Behavioral theory
Costly signaling theory in evolutionary psychology refers to uses of costly signaling theory and adaptationism in explanations for psychological traits
Costly signaling theory in evolutionary psychology
Costly_signaling_theory_in_evolutionary_psychology
Theory aiming to explain cultural differences based on perceived collective danger
modeling of regality theory is also attributed to evolutionary game theory and biological life history theory. In particular, regality theory is focusing on
Regality_theory
American game theorist, economist, and professor
(born March 9, 1945) is an American game theorist and economist known for his contributions to evolutionary game theory and its application to the study
Peyton_Young
Game theory studies strategic interaction between individuals in situations called games. Classes of these games have been given names. This is a list
List_of_games_in_game_theory
Condition in economics and game theory
Perfect information is a concept in game theory and economics that describes a situation where all players in a game or all participants in a market have
Perfect_information
Approach to studying how topology affects evolution of a population
Evolutionary graph theory is an area of research lying at the intersection of graph theory, probability theory, and mathematical biology. Evolutionary
Evolutionary_graph_theory
The theoretical foundations of evolutionary psychology are the general and specific scientific theories that explain the ultimate origins of psychological
Theoretical foundations of evolutionary psychology
Theoretical_foundations_of_evolutionary_psychology
1984 book by Robert Axelrod
primates". The book details a theory on the emergence of cooperation between individuals, drawing from game theory and evolutionary biology. Since 2006, reprints
The_Evolution_of_Cooperation
Solution concept in game theory
related refinements of the Nash equilibrium (NE) solution concept in game theory, defined by John Harsanyi and Reinhard Selten. A Nash equilibrium is
Risk_dominance
Logical paradox in decision-making theory
Either way, philosopher John Rawls concludes differently in his 1971 A Theory of Justice, stating that a just society must tolerate the intolerant, for
Paradox_of_tolerance
Conflict between safety and cooperation
In game theory, the stag hunt (also referred to as the assurance game, trust dilemma or common interest game) describes a situation or game where participants
Stag_hunt
Topics referred to by the same term
which chooses randomly between possible moves Evolutionarily stable strategy, term from evolutionary game theory Corporate strategy, a series of top-level
Strategy_(disambiguation)
Paper-and-pencil game for two players
252. ISBN 978-0-486-40917-7. Mendelson, Elliott (2016). Introducing Game Theory and its Applications. CRC Press. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-4822-8587-1. "Wild
Tic-tac-toe
Softcover ISBN 978-1-4419-3385-0. Van Valen, L. (1973). "A New Evolutionary Law". Evolutionary Theory. 1: 1–30. Hamilton, W. D.; Axelrod, R.; Tanese, R. (1990)
Evolution of sexual reproduction
Evolution_of_sexual_reproduction
Evolutionary model that explains the sex ratio
also a precursor to evolutionary game theory. R.H. MacArthur (1965) first suggested applying to sex ratios the language of game theory, and this was subsequently
Fisher's_principle
Scientific view of guided evolution by God
theistic evolutionism or God-guided evolution, or alternatively called evolutionary creationism) is a view that God acts and creates through laws of nature
Theistic_evolution
Concept in game theory
In game theory, an information set is the basis for decision making in a game, which includes the actions available to players and the potential outcomes
Information_set_(game_theory)
In evolutionary game theory, complete mixing refers to a modeling assumption where each individual in a population has an equal probability of interacting
Complete_mixing
Solution concept of a non-cooperative game
In game theory, a Nash equilibrium is a situation where no player could gain more by changing their own strategy (holding all other players' strategies
Nash_equilibrium
Game whose outcome can be correctly predicted
element of chance; solving such a game may use combinatorial game theory or computer assistance. A two-player game can be solved on several levels: Prove
Solved_game
Austrian mathematician (born 1945)
mathematics at the University of Vienna and one of the pioneers of evolutionary game theory. Sigmund was schooled in the Lycée Francais de Vienne. From 1963
Karl_Sigmund
Israeli-American psychologist and economist (1934–2024)
fallacy Dictator game Framing (social sciences) Loss aversion Optimism bias Planning fallacy Prospect theory Cumulative prospect theory Reference class
Daniel_Kahneman
Study of circular causal processes
included purposeful behaviour, neural networks, heterarchy, information theory, and self-organisation. As cybernetics developed, it became broader in scope
Cybernetics
American economist (born 1957)
research spans many aspects of game theory, including equilibrium theory, learning in games, evolutionary game theory, and many applications to other
Drew_Fudenberg
Wallace published a new evolutionary theory, explained in detail in Darwin's On the Origin of Species (1859). Darwin's theory, originally called descent
History of evolutionary thought
History_of_evolutionary_thought
A weak evolutionarily stable strategy (WESS) is a more broad form of evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS). Like ESS, a WESS is able to defend against an
Weak evolutionarily stable strategy
Weak_evolutionarily_stable_strategy
Model of cultural evolution
the fields of anthropology, behavioural economics, evolutionary biology, evolutionary game theory, sociology, and psychology. While cultural norms are
Cultural_group_selection
Military strategy during the Cold War with regard to the use of nuclear weapons
Deterrence theory is the scholarship and practice of how threats of using force by one party can convince another party to refrain from initiating some
Deterrence_theory
Problem in process of sharing surplus
Nash bargaining game to explain the emergence of human attitudes toward distributive justice. He primarily uses evolutionary game theory to explain how
Cooperative_bargaining
Branching diagram of evolutionary relationships between organisms
phylogenetic tree or phylogeny is a graphical representation which shows the evolutionary history between a set of species or taxa during a specific time. In other
Phylogenetic_tree
Ambiguous term applied to several concepts
Evolutionary epistemology refers to three distinct topics: (1) the biological evolution of cognitive mechanisms in animals and humans, (2) a theory that
Evolutionary_epistemology
Class of theorems about Nash equilibrium payoff profiles in repeated games
In game theory, folk theorems are a class of theorems describing an abundance of Nash equilibrium payoff profiles in repeated games (Friedman 1971). The
Folk_theorem_(game_theory)
English mathematician and game theorist (born 1940)
contributions to the foundations of game theory, experimental economics, evolutionary game theory and analytical philosophy. He took up economics after holding the
Kenneth_Binmore
Game theory scenario
In game theory, a win–win game or win–win scenario is a situation that produces a mutually beneficial outcome for two or more parties. It is also called
Win–win_game
Sociobiological approaches to linguistics
Evolutionary linguistics or Darwinian linguistics is a sociobiological approach to the study of language. Evolutionary linguists consider linguistics as
Evolutionary_linguistics
Political model of international conflict resolution
Politics portal Two-level game theory is a political model, derived from game theory, that illustrates the domestic-international interactions between
Two-level_game_theory
Interaction of biology and evolution
Evolutionary ecology is a science at the intersection of ecology and evolutionary biology. It approaches the study of ecology in a way that explicitly
Evolutionary_ecology
Ability of a computer system to cope with errors during execution
Multistability Bifurcation Coupled map lattices Game theory Prisoner's dilemma Rational choice theory Bounded rationality Evolutionary game theory v t e
Robustness_(computer_science)
Standard example in game theory
In game theory, the prisoner's dilemma is a thought experiment involving two rational agents, each of whom can either cooperate for mutual benefit or
Prisoner's_dilemma
Class of models in the behavioral sciences
Archived from the original on 2009-02-27. Retrieved 2008-07-30. Evolutionary Game Theory. Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University. 2021. Archived
Rational_choice_model
Concept in game theory
In cooperative game theory, the Shapley value is a method (solution concept) for fairly distributing the total gains or costs among a group of players
Shapley_value
Notion in combinatorial game theory
Combinatorial game theory measures game complexity in several ways: State-space complexity (the number of legal game positions from the initial position) Game tree
Game_complexity
experimental and behavioral economics, market dynamics, and evolutionary approaches to economic theory. He is Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Economics at
Dan_Friedman
Two-player extensive form game
In game theory, the centipede game, first introduced by Robert Rosenthal in 1981, is an extensive form game in which two players take turns choosing either
Centipede_game
In game theory, asynchrony refers to a gameplay structure where interactions and decisions do not occur in uniformly timed rounds. Unlike synchronous
Asynchrony_(game_theory)
Subfield of genetics
newer, more phenotypic approaches to modelling evolution, such as evolutionary game theory and adaptive dynamics, is its emphasis on such genetic phenomena
Population_genetics
Class of games where players choose their actions sequentially
In game theory, a sequential game is defined as a game where one player selects their action before others, and subsequent players are informed of that
Sequential_game
Study of human behavior and cultural diversity
Human behavioral ecology (HBE) or human evolutionary ecology applies the principles of evolutionary theory and optimization to the study of human behavioral
Human_behavioral_ecology
Topics referred to by the same term
Slovakia Emergent Game Technologies, developer of the Gamebryo video game engine Evolutionary game theory Evolutionary Governance Theory Exhaust gas temperature
EGT
Analysis of leadership from an evolutionary perspective
Evolutionary leadership theory analyses the concept of leadership from an evolutionary perspective. Evolutionary psychology assumes that our thinking,
Evolutionary leadership theory
Evolutionary_leadership_theory
Topics referred to by the same term
deterministic monotone non-linear and non-innovative game dynamic used in evolutionary game theory Replicator (cellular automaton), a pattern Replicator
Replicator
Bishop–Cannings theorem is a theorem in evolutionary game theory. It states that (i) all members of a mixed evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) have the same
Bishop–Cannings_theorem
Resource distribution game
World War by scholars in Operation Research, and became a classic in game theory. Gross and Wagner's 1950 research memorandum states Borel's optimal strategy
Blotto_game
Evolutionary psychology theories
Evolutionary aesthetics refers to evolutionary psychology theories in which the basic aesthetic preferences of Homo sapiens are argued to have evolved
Evolutionary_aesthetics
Examining complex systems as a whole
Systems thinking draws on and contributes to conceptual systems, systems theory, and the system sciences. The word system has several overlapping meanings
Systems_thinking
Theory in evolutionary biology
In evolutionary biology, punctuated equilibrium (also called punctuated equilibria) is a theory that proposes that once a new species appears in the fossil
Punctuated_equilibrium
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