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Outermost layer of some cells
A cell wall is a structural layer that surrounds some cell types, found immediately outside the cell membrane. It can be tough, flexible, and sometimes
Cell_wall
The secondary cell wall is a structure found in many plant cells, located between the primary cell wall and the plasma membrane. The cell starts producing
Secondary_cell_wall
Specialized anatomy and physiology of bacteria
bacterial cell and a typical human cell (assuming both cells are spheres) : The cell envelope is composed of the cell membrane and the cell wall. As in other
Bacterial_cell_structure
Domain of life whose cells have nuclei
providing the cell with structural support, protection, and a filtering mechanism. The cell wall also prevents over-expansion when water enters the cell. The major
Eukaryote
Basic unit of life forms
filter. The cell wall consists of peptidoglycan and acts as an additional barrier against exterior forces. The cell wall acts to protect the cell mechanically
Cell_(biology)
Polymer in bacterial cell walls
mesh-like layer. Peptidoglycan serves a structural role in the bacterial cell wall, giving structural strength, as well as counteracting the osmotic pressure
Peptidoglycan
Type of eukaryotic cell present in green plants
cells are the cells present in green plants, photosynthetic eukaryotes of the kingdom Plantae. Their distinctive features include primary cell walls containing
Plant_cell
Protective outer structure of bacterial cells
The cell envelope comprises the inner cell membrane and the cell wall of a bacterium. In gram-negative bacteria an outer membrane is also included. This
Cell_envelope
Class of broad-spectrum antibiotics
carbapenems and carbacephems. Most β-lactam antibiotics work by inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis in the bacterial organism and are the most widely used group
Β-Lactam_antibiotic
Domain of organisms
Microbiologists tried to classify microorganisms based on the structures of their cell walls, their shapes, and the substances they consume. In 1965, Emile Zuckerkandl
Archaea
Long, filamentous structure in fungi and Actinobacteria
consists of one or more cells surrounded by a tubular cell wall. In most fungi, hyphae are divided into cells by internal cross-walls called "septa" (singular
Hypha
Sugar transport tissue in vascular plants
cells. Ordinary companion cells, which have smooth walls and few or no plasmodesmatal connections to cells other than the sieve tube. Transfer cells,
Phloem
Bacteria that give a positive result in the Gram stain test
categories according to their type of cell wall. Gram-positive bacteria have a thick layer of peptidoglycan in their cell wall which retains the stain, unlike
Gram-positive_bacteria
Single-celled alga with a silica cell wall
Diatoms build intricate hard but porous cell walls called frustules composed primarily of silica. This siliceous wall can be highly patterned with a variety
Diatom
Species of bacterium
ribose and ribitol, and the essential components of nucleic acid and cell wall teichoic acid biosynthesis. Other unique ORFs likely encode products involved
Staphylococcus_haemolyticus
Technique used to enhance visual contrast of specimens observed under a microscope
broadly based on the composition of their cell wall. Gram staining uses crystal violet to stain cell walls, iodine (as a mordant), and a fuchsin or safranin
Staining
Biological membrane that separates the interior of a cell from its outside environment
cell adhesion, ion conductivity, and cell signaling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures, including the cell wall
Cell_membrane
Species of archaeon
vaginosis). The cell wall and cell membrane of Methanobrevibacter smithii determine susceptibility to antibiotics and statins. The cell wall is composed of
Methanobrevibacter_smithii
Domain of microorganisms
of their cell walls. The thick layers of peptidoglycan in the "Gram-positive" cell wall stain purple, while the thin "Gram-negative" cell wall appears
Bacteria
Group of antibiotics derived from fungi
cell lysis and death. Bacteria constantly remodel their peptidoglycan cell walls, simultaneously building and breaking down portions of the cell wall
Penicillin
Genus of bacteria
usually triggered by a lack of nutrients: the bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. They are not true spores (i.e.,
Bacillus
Species of bacteria
obscuriglobus found that it lacked a traditional Gram-negative peptidoglycan (PG) cell wall and instead possessed a proteinaceous exterior layer, later described
Gemmata_obscuriglobus
Bacterial growth form that lack cell walls, derived from different bacteria
L-phase variants or cell wall-deficient bacteria (CWDB), are growth forms derived from different bacteria. They lack cell walls. Two types of L-forms
L-form_bacteria
Genus of bacteria
contact with diseased animals. The cell wall is distinctive, with a predominance of mesodiaminopimelic acid in the murein wall and many repetitions of arabinogalactan
Corynebacterium
Genus of single-celled organisms
Despite the lack of cell wall of the ectoplasmic net, each individual cell is surrounded by a cell wall located close to the cell membrane and composed
Labyrinthula
Reproductive structure in flowering plants
It encompasses both plasmogamy, the fusion of the protoplasts (cell without cell wall), and karyogamy, the fusion of the nuclei. When pollen lands on
Flower
New cell wall that forms between two daughter cells in cell division
A septum in cell biology is the new cell wall that forms between two daughter cells as a result of cell division. Cell division is an extremely complex
Septum_(cell_biology)
Outer cell layer
(bulb) is used for storing energy, not photosynthesis. Each plant cell has a cell wall, cell membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus, and a large vacuole. The nucleus
Onion_epidermal_cell
Group of similar cells performing a specific function
tissue is present. Cells of this type of tissue are roughly spherical or polyhedral to rectangular in shape, with thin cell walls. New cells produced by meristem
Tissue_(biology)
Glycoproteins found in plant cell walls
(AGPs) are highly glycosylated proteins (glycoproteins) found in the cell walls of plants. Each one consists of a protein with sugar molecules attached
Arabinogalactan_protein
Antibiotic medication
of glycopeptide antibiotic and works by blocking the construction of a cell wall. Vancomycin was approved for medical use in the United States in 1958
Vancomycin
Group of bacteria that do not retain the Gram stain used in bacterial differentiation
differentiation. Their defining characteristic is that their cell envelope consists of a thin peptidoglycan cell wall sandwiched between an inner (cytoplasmic) membrane
Gram-negative_bacteria
Investigative procedure in microbiology
and physical properties of their cell walls. Gram-positive cells have a thick layer of peptidoglycan in the cell wall that retains the primary stain, crystal
Gram_stain
closely related nonenzymatic proteins found in the plant cell wall, with important roles in plant cell growth, fruit softening, abscission, emergence of root
Expansin
Structure in dividing plant cells
plants occurs by cell plate formation. This process entails the delivery of Golgi-derived and endosomal vesicles carrying cell wall and cell membrane components
Cell_plate
Breaking down of the membrane of a cell
occurs after the drug causes the bacterium to form a defective cell wall. If the cell wall is completely lost and the penicillin was used on gram-positive
Lysis
Infectious agent that replicates in cells
host cell. Release – Viruses can be released from the host cell by lysis, a process that kills the cell by bursting its membrane and cell wall if present:
Virus
Class of proteins
glutamine synthetase) bind to PBPs, which are essential for bacterial cell wall synthesis. PBPs are members of a subgroup of transpeptidase enzymes called
Penicillin-binding_proteins
Staining method in histology
the reduction of silver ions, which renders the fungal cell wall black. The fungal cell wall commonly contains polysaccharides. In a GMS procedure, chromic
Grocott's methenamine silver stain
Grocott's_methenamine_silver_stain
are created by depositing wall material around them, a process sometimes called free cell formation. ascus The reproductive cell of ascomycetes; where ascospores
Glossary_of_mycology
Organism belonging to kingdom Fungi
kingdom from plants, bacteria, and some protists is having chitin in their cell walls. Fungi, like animals, are heterotrophs: they acquire their nutrition by
Fungus
Process of forming the first eukaryotic cell
aerobic mitochondria, sex (meiosis and syngamy), a dormant cyst with a cell wall of chitin and/or cellulose and peroxisomes. The sequence of steps involved
Eukaryogenesis
Structural polysaccharide in the primary cell walls of land plants
Xyloglucan is a hemicellulose that occurs in the primary cell wall of all vascular plants; however, all enzymes responsible for xyloglucan metabolism
Xyloglucan
Thickening in the root endodermis of vascular plants
thickening in the center of the root endodermis (radial and tangential walls of endodermal cells) of vascular plants (Pteridophytes and Spermatophytes). The composition
Casparian_strip
Species of alga
forms with cell development stages being considered to correspond with cell form. Cell wall structure is typically what differentiate cell types, with
Chlamydomonas_nivalis
Polymer of glucose and structural component of cell wall of plants and green algae
D-glucose units. Cellulose is an important structural component of the cell walls of green plants, many forms of algae, and the oomycetes. Some species
Cellulose
Pseudopeptidoglycan (also known as pseudomurein; PPG hereafter) is a major cell wall component of some Archaea that differs from bacterial peptidoglycan in
Pseudopeptidoglycan
Hypothetical life before complete cells
pre-cells; (5) stabilized circular or linear genomes; (6) cytoplasmic membranes; (7) rigid murein cell walls; (8) various non-murein rigid cell walls; (9)
Pre-cell
Class of enzymes
biological cells which enables the separation of daughter cells following cell division. They are involved in cell growth, cell wall metabolism, cell division
Autolysin
Beta-lactam antibiotic
some gram-negative bacteria by disrupting the growth of the bacterial cell wall. Cefalexin is a β-lactam antibiotic within the class of first-generation
Cefalexin
Water transport tissue in vascular plants
from the surfaces of cells in the leaves. This evaporation causes the surface of the water to recess into the pores of the cell wall. By capillary action
Xylem
Species of bacterium
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a species of very small-cell bacteria that lack a cell wall, in the class Mollicutes. M. pneumoniae is a human pathogen that
Mycoplasma_pneumoniae
Microbe with cell wall mostly removed
spheroplast (or sphaeroplast in British usage) is a microbial cell from which the cell wall has been almost completely removed, as by the action of penicillin
Spheroplast
Process by which cells lose water in a hypertonic solution
Plant cell walls resist further water entry after a certain point, known as full turgor, which stops plant cells from bursting as animal cells do in the
Plasmolysis
Genus of bacteria
like the other members of the class Mollicutes, lack a cell wall (peptidoglycan) around their cell membrane. The absence of peptidoglycan makes them naturally
Mycoplasma
Marine flowering plants
marine habitat was accomplished by radical changes in cell wall composition. However the cell walls of seagrasses are not well understood. In addition to
Seagrass
Chemical compound
bind to a cell wall receptor to function, the enzymes have evolved over a billion years to identify substrate receptors in the bacterial cell wall that the
Epimerox
Biological root-like structure that extracts nutrients from another organism
Microscopic haustoria penetrate the host plant's cell wall and siphon nutrients from the space between the cell wall and plasma membrane but do not penetrate
Haustorium
Bacteriological technique
dyes and the cell walls of the bacteria. The acidity of the dyes was thought to cause them to bind strongly to the lipid-rich cell walls—particularly
Ziehl–Neelsen_stain
Protein
Cell wall protein 2 (CWP2) is a cell wall protein, produced by Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces pastorianus. It occurs throughout the cell wall
Cell_wall_protein_2
Spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus
Ruiz-Herrera J, Ortiz-Castellanos L (December 2019). "Cell wall glucans of fungi. A review". Cell Surface. 5 100022. doi:10.1016/j.tcsw.2019.100022. PMC 7389562
Mushroom
Network of filamentous proteins that forms the internal framework of cells
movement of vesicles and organelles within the cell) and can be a template for the construction of a cell wall. Furthermore, it can form specialized structures
Cytoskeleton
Bacterium that causes tuberculosis
auramine are used. Cells are curved rod-shaped and are often seen wrapped together, due to the presence of fatty acids in the cell wall that stick together
Mycobacterium_tuberculosis
Bactericidal antibiotics
essential steps in the bacterial cell wall synthesis which in the end results in osmotic lysis and death of the bacterial cell. Cephalosporins are widely used
Discovery and development of cephalosporins
Discovery_and_development_of_cephalosporins
Organic liquids added to wood to enhance its strength
into the wood. Once inside of the wood, the resin can diffuse into the cell wall and enhance the physical strength of the wood even further. Impregnation
Impregnation_resin
Medication for treating fungal infections
tinctures and sprays. Most antifungal drugs induce fungal cell death by destroying the cell wall of the fungus. These drugs inhibit the production of ergosterol
Topical_antifungal
Protective structure formed by bacteria
Gram-positive bacteria. In endospore formation, the bacterium divides within its cell wall, and one side then engulfs the other. Endospores enable bacteria to lie
Endospore
Class of enzymes
pectylhydrolase) is a ubiquitous cell-wall-associated enzyme that presents several isoforms that facilitate plant cell wall modification and subsequent breakdown
Pectinesterase
Structural support for biological cells
tissue; and blood plasma is the ECM of blood. The plant ECM includes cell wall components, like cellulose, in addition to more complex signaling molecules
Extracellular_matrix
Species of bacterium
The cell wall contains low amounts of teichoic acid and glutamic acid. The cell wall teichoic acid contains glycerol and glucosamine. S. hominis cells are
Staphylococcus_hominis
Hydrostatic force in plants, fungi and also walled bacteria and protists
dictionary. Turgor pressure is the force within the cell that pushes the plasma membrane against the cell wall. It is also called hydrostatic pressure, and is
Turgor_pressure
Species of Gram-positive bacterium
formation of the cross-links. As a result, cell wall formation and degradation are imbalanced, thus resulting in cell death. In most countries, however, penicillin
Staphylococcus_aureus
Resting or dormant stage of a microorganism
organisms. The cyst walls of bacteria are formed by the thickening of the normal cell wall with added peptidoglycan layers. The walls of protozoan cysts
Microbial_cyst
Nutritional disorder in plants
primary function of the element is to provide structural integrity to the cell wall in plants. Other functions likely include the maintenance of the plasma
Boron deficiency (plant disorder)
Boron_deficiency_(plant_disorder)
Class of chemical compounds
group of β-D-glucose polysaccharides (glucans) naturally occurring in the cell walls of plants (including cereals), bacteria, algae and fungi, with significantly
Beta-glucan
Biological process
Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two daughter cells. Cell division usually occurs as part of a larger cell cycle in which
Cell_division
Array found in plant cells that are about to undergo cell division
it can be seen as two bright spots close to the cell wall on either side of the nucleus. Plant cells lack centrosomes as microtubule organizing centers
Preprophase_band
Antibiotic medication
third-generation cephalosporin that works by preventing bacteria from making a cell wall. Ceftriaxone was patented in 1978 and approved for medical use in 1982
Ceftriaxone
Tissue inside seeds that is starchy in cereals and liquid in coconuts
repeated free-nuclear divisions take place by suppression of cell wall formation; if a cell wall is formed it will form after free-nuclear divisions. Commonly
Endosperm
Form of matter
elastically as the cell walls bend, then as the cell walls buckle there is yielding and breakdown of the material until finally the cell walls crush together
Foam
Structural carbohydrate in the cell walls of land plants and some algae
'curdled') is a heteropolysaccharide, a structural polymer contained in the cell walls and middle lamellae of terrestrial plants. The principal chemical component
Pectin
Structural phenolic polymer in plant cell walls
of most plants. Lignins are particularly important in the formation of cell walls, especially in wood and bark, because they lend rigidity and do not rot
Lignin
Species of bacterium
phospholipid bilayer membrane with a large cell wall consisting of peptidoglycan exterior to the membrane. The cell wall of L. acidophilus is interwoven with
Lactobacillus_acidophilus
German botanist (1920–2017)
plant carbohydrate metabolism, analysis of the structure of bacterial cell walls (murein/peptidoglycan), the systematics of Lactobacillus, and the chemotaxonomy
Otto_Kandler
Scalloped edging
which describes plant cells when the cytoplasm shrinks from the cell wall in a hypertonic environment. In plasmolysis, the cell wall stays intact, but the
Crenation
The plant cell wall is made up of hydrated polymetric material, allowing it to have viscoelastic properties. The primary cell wall of a plant consists
Wall_stress_relaxation
Species of bacterium
interior of human cells. Along with ureaplasmas, mycoplasmas are the smallest free-living organisms known. They have no cell wall and therefore do not
Mycoplasma_hominis
Species of bacterium
of S. pneumoniae and is commonly attached to the peptidoglycan of the cell wall. It consists of a viscous substance derived from a high-molecular-weight
Streptococcus_pneumoniae
Fluorescent blue dye
are present in the cell walls of fungi, plants, and protozoa. In plant cell biology research, it is used for the staining of cell walls of both algae and
Calcofluor-white
Single-celled organisms
possess animal-like behaviours, such as motility and predation, and lack a cell wall, as found in plants and many algae. This classification remained widespread
Protozoa
Genus of bacteria
Mycobacterium species are non-pathogenic, the genus's characteristic complex cell wall contributes to evasion from host defenses. Mycobacteria are aerobic with
Mycobacterium
Food product from processed yeast
Yeast extracts consist of the cell contents of yeast without the cell walls; they are used as food additives or flavorings, or as nutrients for bacterial
Yeast_extract
Category of tissue in plants
nature of the cell walls. This tissue system is present between the dermal tissue and forms the main bulk of the plant body. Parenchyma cells have thin primary
Ground_tissue
Mineral formation within a leaf
the epidermal cell wall, usually of calcium carbonate but sometimes of silicon dioxide also, formed in a cellulose matrix in special cells called lithocysts
Cystolith
Plant cell wall polysaccharide
in various places within a plant. It is produced to act as a temporary cell wall in response to stimuli such as stress or damage. Callose is composed of
Callose
Plant cell wall polysaccharide
xylose residues. It is found in plants, in the secondary cell walls of dicots and all cell walls of grasses. Xylan is considered to be the second most abundant
Xylan
Gene for resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics
(penicillin-binding protein 2A), a transpeptidase that helps form the bacterial cell wall. PBP2A has a lower affinity for beta-lactam antibiotics such as methicillin
MecA
Hydrophobic lipid polyester in plant cell walls
lignin and forms a protective barrier in the epidermal and peridermal cell walls of higher plants. Suberin and lignin are considered covalently linked
Suberin
based on whether or not the cell wall stains intensely red. Generally this is limited to microorganisms with a cell wall that is composed, at least in
Mucicarmine_stain
Chemical compound
characteristic of certain cell walls of some bacteria. DAP is often found in the peptide linkages of NAM-NAG chains that make up the cell wall of gram-negative
Diaminopimelic_acid
CELL WALL
CELL WALL
Surname or Lastname
Dutch and German
Dutch and German : from the personal name Nel, a reduced form of Cornelius.South German : nickname from Middle High German nelle ‘crown of the head’, perhaps denoting an obstinate person.English : from the Middle English personal name Nel(le), a variant of Neill.
Girl/Female
English American German
noble.
Male
Hebrew
(סֶלַע) Hebrew name CELA means "a rock." In the Old Testament bible, this is the name of the capital city of Edom, possibly an early name for Petra.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from Middle English selle, a rough hut of the type normally occupied by animals, hence a topographic name for someone who lived in a hut like this. In many cases the name may have been in effect a metonymic occupational name for a herdsman.Americanized spelling of Hungarian and Hungarian Jewish Széll, a topographic name for someone who lived in a spot exposed to the wind, from Hungarian szél ‘wind’.German : variant of Selle.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Mill.German : variant of Melle.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from the Middle English personal name Pell, a pet form of Peter.English : metonymic occupational name for a dealer in furs, from Middle English, Old French pel ‘skin’.English : variant of Pill 1.German : variant of Pelle or, in some instances, a variant of Pfell, the South German form of this name, from Middle High German phelle(e) ‘purple silk cloth’.
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly northern)
English (chiefly northern) : topographic name for someone who lived by an area of high ground or by a prominent crag, from northern Middle English fell ‘high ground’, ‘rock’, ‘crag’ (Old Norse fjall, fell).English, German, and Jewish (Ashkenazic) : metonymic occupational name for a furrier, from Middle English fell, Middle High German vel, or German Fell or Yiddish fel, all of which mean ‘skin’, ‘hide’, or ‘pelt’. Yiddish fel refers to untanned hide, in contrast to pelts ‘tanned hide’ (see Pilcher).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived in a small valley, from Middle English, Old English dell ‘dell’, ‘valley’, or a habitational name from any of several minor places named Dell, from this word, for example in Buckinghamshire, Essex, and Sussex.German : from Low German delle ‘dell’, ‘depression’ (Middle High German telle ‘gorge’).
Surname or Lastname
Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic)
Jewish (eastern Ashkenazic) : nickname for a man with red hair, from Yiddish gel ‘red-headed’, Middle High German gel ‘yellow’, German gelb (see Geller).German : unexplained.English : from a short form of the personal name Julian.Variant of French Gille.
Surname or Lastname
Irish
Irish : reduced form of McCall.English : from Middle English calle ‘close-fitting cap for women’ (from Old French cale), probably applied as a metonymic occupational name. Compare Cale.Catalan : topographic name from call ‘narrow track’ (Latin callis). Compare Calle.Possibly an Americanized spelling of German Koll or Goll.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : from a reduced form of the personal name Nicholas.Scottish or Irish : reduced form of McColl.Catalan : topographic name from coll ‘mountain pass’, from Latin collis ‘hill’.Americanized spelling of German Koll or Kohl.
Male
English
Short form of English unisex Kelly, KELL means "bright-headed."
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Belle, BELL means "beautiful."Â
Girl/Female
Latin
Abbreviation of Cecilia: blind.
Boy/Male
Latin
Blind.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived near a spring or stream, Middle English well(e) (Old English well(a)).German : from a short form of the personal names Wallo, Walilo.German : nickname from Middle High German wël ‘round’.
Female
English
Pet form of English Eleanor, NELL means "foreign; the other."
Surname or Lastname
English (Essex)
English (Essex) : unexplained; perhaps from the personal name Yuel, a form of the Biblical name Joel.Scottish (Shetland) : from the name of the principal island of the Shetlands. According to Black, ‘Persons of this name in Shetland have changed to Dalziel, probably from the idea of its being more aristocratic, and spell
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Hill, from southeastern Middle English hell ‘hill’, a dialect form characteristic of Kent and Sussex.English : from a personal name, Helle, which may have been a variant of Elie (a Middle English form of Elias), or perhaps a short form of a personal name formed with Hild- as the first element (see Hilliard for example), or perhaps from the female personal name Helen.German : nickname from Middle High German hell ‘bright’, ‘shining’.German : variant of Helle 3.
Boy/Male
French English
Handsome.
CELL WALL
CELL WALL
Girl/Female
Muslim
Protected
Girl/Female
Celtic American Gaelic Irish
Famous.
Girl/Female
Indian
Desire
Boy/Male
American, Anglo, Australian, British, Christian, English, German
Peace; God's Peace
Boy/Male
Scottish Welsh English
Royal chieftain. Surname.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : origin uncertain; probably from an unidentified English place name formed with the Old Norse element by ‘farmstead’, ‘settlement’.Greenfield Larrabee was a mariner who arrived in New Haven, CT, from England in 1647.
Boy/Male
Australian, Czech, Czechoslovakian, German, Greek, Slavic, Slovenia
Masculine
Surname or Lastname
English (Kent)
English (Kent) : habitational name from either of two places in Warwickshire named Exhall.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
A Superior Gem
Girl/Female
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Happily Victorious
CELL WALL
CELL WALL
CELL WALL
CELL WALL
CELL WALL
a.
Surrounding a cell; as, the pericellular lymph spaces surrounding ganglion cells.
a.
Consisting of, or having, many cells or more than one cell.
n.
Development of cells in animal and vegetable organisms. See Gemmation, Budding, Karyokinesis; also Cell development, under Cell.
pl.
of Cello
v. t.
To make bell-mouthed; as, to bell a tube.
a.
Being in health; sound in body; not ailing, diseased, or sick; healthy; as, a well man; the patient is perfectly well.
n.
A cell; a house.
a.
Being well folded.
a.
Consisting of, or containing, cells; of or pertaining to a cell or cells.
a.
Containing a cell or cells.
n.
Same as Cella.
v. t.
To place or inclose in a cell.
v. t.
To put a bell upon; as, to bell the cat.
a.
Safe; as, a chip warranted well at a certain day and place.
v. t.
To utter in a loud or distinct voice; -- often with off; as, to call, or call off, the items of an account; to call the roll of a military company.
v. t.
To pour forth, as from a well.
n.
The continuous development of cells in tissue formation; cell formation.
v. i.
To develop bells or corollas; to take the form of a bell; to blossom; as, hops bell.
n.
Alt. of Sancte bell