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Domain of organisms
Archaea (/ɑːrˈkiːə/ ar-KEE-ə) is a domain of organisms. Traditionally, Archaea included only its prokaryotic members, but has since been found to be paraphyletic
Archaea
Topics referred to by the same term
Archaea is a domain of single-celled organisms. Archaea or archea may also refer to: Archaea (spider), an extinct genus of Archaeidae Archaea (journal)
Archaea_(disambiguation)
Taxonomic rank
of either three domains, Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya, or two domains, Archaea and Bacteria, with Eukarya included in Archaea. In the three-domain model
Domain_(taxonomy)
Hypothesis for classification of life
classification system that groups all cellular life into three domains, namely Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya, introduced by Carl Woese, Otto Kandler and Mark
Three-domain_system
Kingdom of archaea
archaea, or Promethearchaeati (previously known as superphylum "Asgard" or phylum "Asgardarchaeota"), are a kingdom belonging to the domain Archaea that
Asgard_archaea
Unicellular organism lacking a membrane-bound nucleus
phylogenetics, prokaryotes are divided into two domains: Bacteria and Archaea. A third domain, Eukaryota, consists of organisms with cell nuclei. Prokaryotes
Prokaryote
Taxonomic rank
have used a system of six kingdoms (Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista, Archaea or Archaebacteria, and Bacteria or Eubacteria), while textbooks in other
Kingdom_(taxonomy)
Biological classification system
two domains: Archaea, which includes eukaryotes in this classification, and Bacteria. It emerged from development of knowledge of archaea diversity and
Two-domain_system
Domain of life whose cells have nuclei
life forms alongside the two groups of prokaryotes: the Bacteria and the Archaea. Eukaryotes represent a small minority of the number of organisms, but
Eukaryote
Domain of microorganisms
common ancestor. These evolutionary domains are called Bacteria and Archaea. Unlike Archaea, bacteria contain ester-linked lipids in the cell membrane, possess
Bacteria
Ancestor of all current life on Earth
subsequent life forms descend under the three-domain system of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Most studies suggest that the LUCA existed by 3.5 billion
Last universal common ancestor
Last_universal_common_ancestor
Extinct genus of spiders
Archaea is an extinct genus of spiders in the family Archaeidae. As of October 2016[update], four species are placed (or possibly placed) in the genus
Archaea_(spider)
2000 book by John L. Howland
The Surprising Archaea: Discovering Another Domain of Life is a popular science book written about the domain Archaea. It was written by John L. Howland
The_Surprising_Archaea
Basic unit of life forms
prokaryotes, and eukaryotes. Prokaryotes are single-celled and include archaea and bacteria. Eukaryotes can be single-celled or multicellular. Single-celled
Cell_(biology)
Microscopic living organism
unicellular organisms in all three domains of life: two of the three domains, Archaea and Bacteria, only contain microorganisms. The third domain, Eukaryota
Microorganism
Organism that consists of only one cell
Most prokaryotes are unicellular and are classified into bacteria and archaea. Many eukaryotes are multicellular, but some are unicellular such as protozoa
Unicellular_organism
This article discusses the Unique properties of hyperthermophilic archaea. Hyperthermophiles are organisms that can live at temperatures ranging between
Unique properties of hyperthermophilic archaea
Unique_properties_of_hyperthermophilic_archaea
Marine bacteria and marine archaea
Cell wall Capsule Pili Marine prokaryotes are marine bacteria and marine archaea. They are defined by their habitat as prokaryotes that live in marine environments
Marine_prokaryotes
Archaeal appendage
Archaea, one of the three domains of life, are a highly diverse group of prokaryotes that include a number of extremophiles. One of these extremophiles
Hamus_(archaea)
Species of gastropod
Orania archaea is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Muricidae, the murex snails or rock snails. Subspecies Orania archaea archaea
Orania_archaea
Class of salt-tolerant archaea
Haloarchaea (halophilic archaea, halophilic archaebacteria, halobacteria) are a class of archaea under the phylum Euryarchaeota, found in water saturated
Haloarchaea
This article lists the genera of the Archaea and also shows taxa of archaea that do not contain genera. The currently accepted taxonomy is based on the
List_of_Archaea_genera
Type of microorganism that produces methane as a waste product
Methanogens are anaerobic archaea that produce methane as a byproduct of their energy metabolism, i.e., catabolism. Methane production, or methanogenesis
Methanogen
Biological oxidation of ammonia/ammonium to nitrate
aerobic process performed by small groups of autotrophic bacteria and archaea. The process of nitrification begins with the first stage of ammonia oxidation
Nitrification
Overview of and topical guide to life forms
life forms. No form of extraterrestrial life has yet been discovered. Archaea – a domain of single-celled microorganisms, morphologically similar to
Outline_of_life_forms
Taxonomic clade
of the two domains Archaea and Eukaryota, coined by Thomas Cavalier-Smith in 2002. Its name reflects the hypothesis that both archaea and eukaryotes evolved
Neomura
Manual for identifying prokaryotic organisms
more empirical in recent years. The Taxonomic Outline of Bacteria and Archaea is a derived publication indexing taxon names from version two of the manual
Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology
Bergey's_Manual_of_Systematic_Bacteriology
Kingdom of life
chemosynthesis (via oxidising inorganic compounds such as hydrogen sulfide) by archaea and bacteria. Animals originated in the ocean; all extant animal phyla
Animal
Biological kingdom of archaea
Nanobdellati (syn. "DPANN") is a kingdom of archaea first proposed in 2013. Many members show novel signs of horizontal gene transfer from other domains
Nanobdellati
Chemical compound
ester of glycerol. It is a component of ether lipids, which are common for archaea. Glycerol 1-phosphate is synthesized by reducing dihydroxyacetone phosphate
Glycerol_1-phosphate
External body part or natural prolongation
are cutaneous appendages. Protrusions from single-celled bacteria and archaea are known as cell-surface appendages or surface appendages. In many kinds
Appendage
Life arising from non-living matter
approach has sought to characterize LUCA by identifying the genes shared by Archaea and Bacteria, major branches of life. It appears there are 60 proteins
Abiogenesis
Infectious agent that replicates in cells
forms, from animals and plants to microorganisms, including bacteria and archaea. Viruses are found in almost every ecosystem on Earth and are the most
Virus
Organism that thrives in extremely hot environments from 60°C upward
often above 80 °C (176 °F). Hyperthermophiles are often within the domain Archaea, although few bacterial examples exist. Some of them are able to live at
Hyperthermophile
Historically, a biological kingdom
organisms found in kingdom Monera have been divided into two domains, Archaea and Bacteria (with Eukarya as the third domain). Furthermore, the taxon
Monera
Candidate phylum of thermoproteatian archaea
"Nezhaarchaeota" is a phylum of Thermoproteati archaea. Wang, Yinzhao; Wegener, Gunter; Hou, Jialin; Wang, Fengping; Xiao, Xiang (2019-03-04). "Expanding
Nezhaarchaeota
Pink lake phenomenon and examples
as Dunaliella salina, usually in conjunction with specific bacteria and archaea, which may vary from lake to lake. The most common archaeon is Halobacterium
Pink_lake
Species of moth
Arogalea archaea is a moth of the family Gelechiidae. It is found in Mexico (Guerrero). The wingspan is about 13 mm. The forewings are white, profusely
Arogalea_archaea
Type of virus that infects the domain of unicellular, prokaryotic organisms or Archaea
An archaeal virus is a virus that infects and replicates in archaea, a domain of unicellular, prokaryotic organisms. Archaeal viruses, like their hosts
Archaeal_virus
Subfield of genetics devoted to the study of microorganisms
different purposes. The microorganisms that are observed are bacteria and archaea. Some fungi and protozoa are also subjects used to study in this field
Microbial_genetics
Hypothesis in evolutionary biology
prokaryotes called eocytes (later classified as Thermoproteota, a group of archaea). After his team at the University of California, Los Angeles discovered
Eocyte_hypothesis
Phylum of archaea
The Thermoproteota are archaea that have been classified as a phylum of the domain Archaea. Initially, the Thermoproteota were thought to be sulfur-dependent
Thermoproteota
Phylum of archaea
"Nanoarchaeota", Greek for "dwarf or tiny ancient one") is a phylum of Archaea. The first species discovered, Nanoarchaeum equitans, was from a submarine
Nanobdellota
Chemical compound
the membranes of archaea. The 2,3-sn-glycerol structure and ether bond linkage are two key differences between lipids found in archaea vs those of bacteria
Archaeol
Biological process
prokaryotes, unicellular organisms without cell nuclei, such as bacteria and archaea. However, some processes in bacteria, including bacterial conjugation,
Sexual_reproduction
Matter with biological processes
functional unit of life. Smaller organisms, including prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), consist of small single cells. Larger organisms, mainly eukaryotes, can
Life
Family of DNA sequences found in prokaryotic organisms
sequences found in the genomes of prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria and archaea. Each sequence within an individual prokaryotic CRISPR is derived from
CRISPR
American microbiologist (1928–2012)
American microbiologist and biophysicist. Woese is famous for defining the Archaea (a new domain of life) in 1977 through a pioneering phylogenetic taxonomy
Carl_Woese
mitochondrion arose as an endosymbiont within a prokaryotic host in the archaea, giving rise to a symbiotic association of two cells from which the first
Hydrogen_hypothesis
Genus of archaeon
"Candidatus Sukunaarchaeum mirabile" (provisional name) is a species of archaea of which only the DNA is known, but which already presents several particularities:
Sukunaarchaeum
Family of spiders
Malkaridae, and Anapidae. Currently valid Baltic species include Archaea levigata and Archaea paradoxa. In 2003, Afrarchaea grimaldii was described from Cretaceous
Archaeidae
Any life form too small for the naked human eye to see that lives in a marine environment
diverse. They can be single-celled or multicellular and include bacteria, archaea, viruses, and most protozoa, as well as some fungi, algae, and animals
Marine_microorganisms
Hollow structures which resemble tubes
has multiple cannula connections in a dense form. Hamus (archaea) Pilus Biofilm "7: Archaea". Biology LibreTexts. 2018-02-06. Retrieved 2023-03-13. Ng
Cannula_(archaea)
Chemical compound
Hypusine is an uncommon amino acid found in all eukaryotes and in some archaea, but not in bacteria. The only known proteins containing the hypusine residue
Hypusine
Microbe community of plant roots
diverse assemblage of soil microorganisms, including bacteria, fungi, and archaea. The microbial communities inside the root and in the rhizosphere are distinct
Root_microbiome
Kingdom of archaea
"Euryarchaeota", from Ancient Greek εὐρύς eurús, "broad, wide") is a kingdom of archaea. Methanobacteriati are highly diverse and include methanogens, which produce
Methanobacteriati
Structure on the cell surface of many archaea that allows for swimming motility
archaeal flagellum) is a unique structure on the cell surface of many archaea that allows for swimming motility. The archaellum consists of a rigid helical
Archaellum
Genus of Asgard archaea
"Candidatus Hodarchaeum" is a monotypic genus of Promethearchaeati archaea. It contains the sole species "Ca. Hodarchaeum mangrovi". It is in the monotypic
Hodarchaeum
Chemical element with atomic number 74 (W)
known to occur in biomolecules, found in a few species of bacteria and archaea. However, tungsten interferes with molybdenum and copper metabolism and
Tungsten
Genus of archaea
Promethearchaeum is a genus of archaea discovered from the deep-sea sediments of the Pacific Ocean at the coast of Japan. Described in 2020 as a single
Promethearchaeum
Genus of ultra-small archaea
Microcaldus is a monotypic genus of ultra-small archaea. It contains one species, Microcaldus variisymbioticus. It is in the monotypic family Microcaldaceae
Microcaldus
Phylum of archaea
Nitrososphaeria (previously phylum Nitrososphaerota or Thaumarchaeota) is a class of Archaea under the phylum Thermoproteota. The first species, Cenarchaeum symbiosum
Nitrososphaeria
Species of halotolerant archaea
Haloquadratum walsbyi is a species of Archaea in the genus Haloquadratum, known for its square shape and halophilic nature. First discovered in a brine
Haloquadratum_walsbyi
Scientific study of life
environmental science. Biologists classify organisms—from single-celled archaea and bacteria to multicellular plants, fungi, and animals—based on shared
Biology
Series of interconnected biochemical reactions
reductase pathway is an essential metabolic pathway present in eukaryotes, archaea, and some bacteria. The pathway produces two five-carbon building blocks
Mevalonate_pathway
Taxonomic rank above species and below family
(animals, plants, protists, algae, fungi), and prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea), is Latin and binomial in form; this contrasts with common or vernacular
Genus
as pseudomurein; PPG hereafter) is a major cell wall component of some Archaea that differs from bacterial peptidoglycan in chemical structure, but resembles
Pseudopeptidoglycan
as Asgard archaea, a grouping of archaeal lineages possessing key eukaryotic proteins, suggesting that eukaryotes diverged from Asgard archaea. Lokiarchaeum
Lokiarchaeum_primum
Species of Halobacteria
Haloferax volcanii is a species of archaean in the genus Haloferax in the Archaea. Haloferax volcanii is a halophilic mesophile archaeon that can be isolated
Haloferax_volcanii
Enzyme that synthesizes RNA from DNA
representing an independent lineage. The former is found in bacteria, archaea, and eukaryotes alike, sharing a similar core structure and mechanism.
RNA_polymerase
Organisms that live in salt water
history. The earliest known life forms evolved as anaerobic prokaryotes (archaea and bacteria) in the Archean oceans around the deep sea hydrothermal vents
Marine_life
Collaborative academic project
of 16S rRNA sequences of all validly published species of Bacteria and Archaea. At one stage, 23S sequences were also collected, but this has since stopped
'The All-Species Living Tree' Project
'The_All-Species_Living_Tree'_Project
Class of thermophilic Asgard archaea
Candidatus Odinarchaeia (informally Odinarchaeia) is a class of uncultured archaea within the phylum Candidatus Odinarchaeota, itself within the kingdom Promethearchaeati
Odinarchaeia
Chemical compound
pseudopeptidoglycan, a structural polymer found in the cell walls in some types of Archaea. In archaea, the beta-1,3-glycosidic bond links N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and
N-Acetyltalosaminuronic_acid
Class of archaea related to eukaryotes
Heimdallarchaeia (also known as "Candidatus Heimdallarchaeota") is a class of archaea within the phylum Asgardarchaeota. Heimdallarchaeia is considered the closest
Heimdallarchaeia
Microorganisms which live in water with high temperature and high acidity
high temperature and low pH. The large majority of thermoacidophiles are archaea (particularly the Thermoproteota and "Euryarchaeota") or bacteria, though
Thermoacidophile
Mine in California, United States
sulfate minerals. The bacteria and archaea living in the mine such as Leptospirillum (bacteria) and Ferroplasma (archaea) are of interest because they can
Iron_Mountain_Mine
Cellular appendage functioning as locomotive or sensory organelle
sensitive to wetness outside the cell. Across the three domains of Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryota, the flagellum has a different structure, protein composition
Flagellum
Organisms that thrive under highly acidic conditions
including Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. A list of these organisms includes: Sulfolobales, an order in the Thermoproteota branch of Archaea Thermoplasmatales
Acidophile
Phylum of bacteria
up the most basal clade of all bacteria. The archaea of the Nanobdellati kingdom are ultra-small archaea that share the same characteristics with these
Nomurabacteria
Chemical compound
lipid membrane component, biphytane is widely used as a biomarker for archaea. In particular, given its association with sites of active anaerobic oxidation
Biphytane
Topics referred to by the same term
associated with the gods in Norse cosmology Asgard (Archaea), a proposed superphylum of the Archaea domain of organisms Asgard (comics), the fictional
Asgardian
Species of bacterium
Haloferax mediterranei is a species of archaea in the family Haloferacaceae. Haloferax mediterranei was discovered in 1983 in marine salterns in the village
Haloferax_mediterranei
Hypothetical life with reversed molecular chirality
existing life forms: eukaryotes and bacteria use one chirality (G3P) while archaea use the other (G1P). The two have even been mixed using genetic engineering
Mirror-image_life
Family of cytochrome P450 enzymes
CYP197 is one of the only three P450 families shared in bacteria and archaea, the other two are CYP147 and CYP109. Genes in this family are co-present
CYP197_family
Chemical compound
found only in methanogenic Archaea and anaerobic methanotrophic Archaea. It occurs in relatively high concentrations in archaea that are involved in reverse
Cofactor_F430
Incredibly small, unique extremophile Archaea species found deep in an acidic mine
laboratory at the University of California Berkeley. These novel groups of archaea named ARMAN-1, ARMAN-2 (Candidatus Micrarchaeum acidiphilum ARMAN-2), and
Archaeal Richmond Mine acidophilic nanoorganisms
Archaeal_Richmond_Mine_acidophilic_nanoorganisms
Method of bacterial gene transfer
seen in the meiotic products of sexual reproduction. Hyperthermophilic archaea encode pili structurally similar to the bacterial conjugative pili. However
Bacterial_conjugation
Organisms that obtain energy by the oxidation of electron donors in their environments
chemotrophic organisms include iron-oxidizing bacteria and methanogenic archaea. Chemoautotrophs are autotrophic organisms that can rely on chemosynthesis
Chemotroph
Species of archaeon
complete genome sequenced. The sequencing identified many genes unique to the archaea. Many of the synthesis pathways for methanogenic cofactors were worked
Methanocaldococcus_jannaschii
Species of prokaryote
Pyrolobus fumarii (Latin for "fire lobe of the chimney") is a species of archaea known for living and reproducing at extremely high temperatures that kill
Pyrolobus_fumarii
Type of organic compound
products, are organic compounds produced by any lifeform, e.g. bacteria, archaea, fungi, animals, or plants, which are not directly involved in the normal
Secondary_metabolite
a concatenated set of 53 (since RS207; 122 before) marker proteins for Archaea. Additional marker sets are also used to cross-validate tree topologies
Branching order of bacterial phyla (Genome Taxonomy Database, 2018)
Branching_order_of_bacterial_phyla_(Genome_Taxonomy_Database,_2018)
Science of classifying organisms
One main characteristic of the three-domain method is the separation of Archaea and Bacteria, previously grouped into the single kingdom Bacteria (a kingdom
Taxonomy_(biology)
RNA component
studies as it is highly conserved between different species of bacteria and archaea. Carl Woese pioneered this use of 16S rRNA in 1977. It is suggested that
16S_ribosomal_RNA
Organism that thrives at relatively high temperatures
temperatures, between 41 and 122 °C (106 and 252 °F). Many thermophiles are archaea, though some of them are bacteria and fungi. Thermophilic bacteria are
Thermophile
French writer and researcher in biology
Paris-Sud University and Pasteur Institute. He is known for his work on Archaea, viruses and the evolution of life. He was the first to use the acronym
Patrick_Forterre
Species of archaeon
more oxidized end products. Methanobrevibacter smithii is an anaerobic archaea which enjoys colonizing the colon and rectum thanks to its anaerobic environment
Methanobrevibacter_smithii
Species of archaeon
Despite its name, this is not a bacterium, but a member of the domain Archaea. It is found in salted fish, hides, hypersaline lakes, and salterns. As
Halobacterium_salinarum
Phylum of archaea
Methanobacteriota is a phylum in the domain Archaea. The phylum was introduced to prokaryotic nomenclature in 2023. "Phylum: Methanobacteriota". List
Methanobacteriota
ARCHAEA
ARCHAEA
ARCHAEA
ARCHAEA
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
Victorious Protection
Male
Finnish
Finnish form of Latin Laurus, LAURI means "laurel."
Boy/Male
Tamil
Arnrit | à®…à®°à¯à®¨à¯à®°à®¿à®¤
Nectar, Eternal
Girl/Female
Australian, Indian, Tamil
Bright
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Earth; Pledge Keeper
Girl/Female
Tamil
An atom
Girl/Female
Arabic
Night
Girl/Female
Hindu
Comely
Girl/Female
Australian, British, Christian, English, French, German, Latin, Spanish
Female Version of Lawrence; From the Place of the Laurel Leaves; English Version of the Irish Name Lorcan; Fierce; Crowned with Laurels
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, Welsh
Legendary Son of Kil Coed; One with Gray Hair
ARCHAEA
ARCHAEA
ARCHAEA
ARCHAEA
ARCHAEA
a.
Ancient; pertaining to the earliest period in geological history.
a.
Of or pertaining to certain non-fossiliferous rocks on the borders of Lake Huron, which are supposed to correspond in time to the latter part of the Archaean age.
n.
A peculiar structure found in the Archaean limestones of Canada and other regions. By some geologists it is believed to be a species of gigantic Foraminifera, but others consider it a concretion, without organic structure.
n.
The earliest period in geological period, extending up to the Lower Silurian. It includes an Azoic age, previous to the appearance of life, and an Eozoic age, including the earliest forms of life.