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Data type which allows a program to indirectly access a particular value in memory
In computer programming, a reference is a value that enables a program to indirectly access a particular datum, such as a variable's value or a record
Reference_(computer_science)
software, data science, and computer programming. Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z See also References abstract data type
Glossary_of_computer_science
Semantic instance with state, behavior, and identity
Object-based language Object-oriented programming Pointer (computer programming) Reference (computer science) Semantics (logic) Value object Grady Booch; Robert
Object_(computer_science)
Form of automatic memory management
In computer science, garbage collection (GC) is a form of automatic memory management. The garbage collector attempts to reclaim memory that was allocated
Garbage collection (computer science)
Garbage_collection_(computer_science)
Scientist specializing in computer science
A computer scientist is a scientist who specializes in the academic study of computer science and technology. Computer scientists typically work on the
Computer_scientist
Topics referred to by the same term
another. Reference or reference point may also refer to: Reference (computer science) Reference (C++) Reference (film), a 1985 Bulgarian film Reference, a citation
Reference_(disambiguation)
Bibliographic database
The Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies (1993–2023) was one of the oldest (if not the oldest) bibliography collections freely accessible on the
Collection of Computer Science Bibliographies
Collection_of_Computer_Science_Bibliographies
Specification of a conceptualization
Knowledge Sharing" by Tom Gruber used ontology as a technical term in computer science closely related to earlier idea of semantic networks and taxonomies
Ontology (information science)
Ontology_(information_science)
Sentence, idea or formula that refers to itself
'Taming' self-reference from potentially paradoxical concepts into well-behaved recursions has been one of the great successes of computer science, and is now
Self-reference
Name that identifies a specific entity
identifier Personally identifiable information Product code Reference (computer science) Referent Representation term Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine
Identifier
Advanced Placement course and exam
Advanced Placement (AP) Computer Science Principles (also known as AP CSP) is an AP Computer Science course and examination offered by the College Board
AP Computer Science Principles
AP_Computer_Science_Principles
Ability to execute a task in a non-serial manner
In computer science, concurrency refers to the ability of a system to execute multiple tasks through simultaneous execution or time-sharing (context switching)
Concurrency (computer science)
Concurrency_(computer_science)
different areas but is often referenced alongside computer science because of the incredibly useful nature of computers and computer programs in helping those
Computer and information science
Computer_and_information_science
Bachelor's degree program studying theoretical or practical aspects of computing
Bachelor of Computer Science (abbreviated BCompSc or BCS) is a bachelor's degree for completion of an undergraduate program in computer science. In general
Bachelor_of_Computer_Science
Family of protocols for solving consensus
In computer science, Paxos is a family of protocols for solving consensus in a network of unreliable or fallible processors. Consensus is the process of
Paxos_(computer_science)
Software resource tracking technique
In computer science, reference counting is a programming technique of storing the number of references, pointers, or handles to a resource, such as an
Reference_counting
Engineering discipline specializing in the design of computer hardware
engineering and computer science. Computer engineering may be referred to as Electrical and Computer Engineering or Computer Science and Engineering at
Computer_engineering
Activity involving calculations or computing machinery
aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology
Computing
Ability of a computer system to cope with errors during execution
In computer science, robustness is the ability of a computer system to cope with errors during execution and cope with erroneous input. Robustness can
Robustness_(computer_science)
Laboratory at US university
Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) is a research institute at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) formed by the
MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
MIT_Computer_Science_and_Artificial_Intelligence_Laboratory
Mail sorter system
Ferranti Canada's Route Reference Computer was the first computerized mail sorter system, delivered to the Canadian Post Office in January 1957. Despite
Route_Reference_Computer
Programming language concept
In computer programming, type variance is the relationship between subtypes of a composite type (e.g. List[Int]) and the subtypes of its components (e
Type_variance
Characteristic of state of a computer system that outlives the process that created it
In computer science, persistence refers to the characteristic of state of a system that outlives (persists for longer than) the process that created it
Persistence (computer science)
Persistence_(computer_science)
Sequence of characters, data type
formal languages, which are used in mathematical logic and theoretical computer science, a string is a finite sequence of symbols that are chosen from a set
String_(computer_science)
Of a function, an additional effect besides returning a value
In computer science, an operation or expression is said to have a side effect if it has any observable effect other than its primary effect of reading
Side effect (computer science)
Side_effect_(computer_science)
Use of functions that call themselves
In computer science, recursion is a method of solving a computational problem where the solution depends on solutions to smaller instances of the same
Recursion_(computer_science)
French research institution for computer science
institution focusing on computer science and applied mathematics. It was created under the name French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation
French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation
French_Institute_for_Research_in_Computer_Science_and_Automation
Academic discipline
Logic in computer science covers the overlap between the field of logic and that of computer science. The topic can essentially be divided into three
Logic_in_computer_science
Book series by Springer
Lecture Notes in Computer Science is a series of computer science books published by Springer Science+Business Media since 1973. The series contains proceedings
Lecture Notes in Computer Science
Lecture_Notes_in_Computer_Science
Concept in computer science, referring to processes, or data
In computer science, synchronization is the task of coordinating multiple processes to join up or handshake at a certain point, in order to reach an agreement
Synchronization (computer science)
Synchronization_(computer_science)
Distance between start of object and a specific element in it
In computer science, an offset within an array or other data structure object is an integer indicating the distance (displacement) between the beginning
Offset_(computer_science)
School at the University of Washington
The Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering (abbreviated as the Allen School) is a department-level school within the College of Engineering
Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering
Paul_G._Allen_School_of_Computer_Science_and_Engineering
Composite data type
In computer science, a record (also called a structure, struct, user-defined type (UDT), or compound data type) is a composite data structure – a collection
Record_(computer_science)
Academic journal
Theoretical Computer Science is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering computer science published by Elsevier. It was established in 1975. It is abstracted
Theoretical Computer Science (journal)
Theoretical_Computer_Science_(journal)
Type of algorithm, produces approximately correct solutions
In mathematical optimization and computer science, heuristic (from Greek εὑρίσκω eurísko "I find, discover") is a technique designed for problem solving
Heuristic_(computer_science)
Advanced Placement courses
Computer Science (shortened to AP Comp Sci or APCS) program includes two Advanced Placement courses and examinations covering the field of computer science
AP_Computer_Science
Rule for substituting a set input with a set output
In computer programming, a macro (short for "macro instruction"; from Greek μακρο- 'long, large') is a rule or pattern that specifies how a certain input
Macro_(computer_science)
Preexisting value in computer software
default, in computer science, refers to the preexisting value of a user-configurable setting that is assigned to a software application, computer program
Default_(computer_science)
Process of device status sampling
Abstraction (computer science) Asynchronous I/O Bit banging Infinite loop Interrupt request (PC architecture) Integer (computer science) kqueue Pull technology
Polling_(computer_science)
Concept in computer science
In computer programming, a guard is a Boolean expression that must evaluate to true if the execution of the program is to continue in the branch in question
Guard_(computer_science)
Degree to which elements within a module belong together
cohesion are very good, and functional cohesion is superior. Coupling (computer science) List of object-oriented programming terms Static code analysis Yourdon
Cohesion_(computer_science)
Concrete manifestation of an element (type) in computer science
In computer science, an instance or token (from metalogic and metamathematics) is a specific occurrence of a software element that is based on a type definition
Instance_(computer_science)
State in which members are blocking each other
Readers-writer lock Sleeping barber problem Stalemate Synchronization (computer science) Turn restriction routing Coulouris, George (2012). Distributed Systems
Deadlock_(computer_science)
Programmable machine that processes data
Computability theory Computer security Glossary of computer hardware terms History of computer science List of computer term etymologies List of computer system manufacturers
Computer
Expression in computer science which cannot be evaluated further
In computer science and software programming, a value is the representation of some entity that can be manipulated by a program. The members of a type
Value_(computer_science)
Computer-based technologies
and telephones. Information technology is an application of computer science and computer engineering. An information technology system (IT system) is
Information_technology
Concept in memory management
In computer science, coalescing is a part of memory management in which multiple adjacent free blocks of computer memory or cache are merged. Coalescing
Coalescing_(computer_science)
Relationship between objects
Mary to herself", or various other possible combinations. In computer science, references are data types that refer to an object elsewhere in memory and
Reference
Dividing a system in computer science
In computer science, decomposition is the process of identifying and organising a complex system into smaller components or layers of abstraction. Decomposition
Decomposition (computer science)
Decomposition_(computer_science)
Tendency of a processor to access nearby memory locations in space or time
In computer science, locality of reference, also known as the principle of locality, is the tendency of a processor to access the same set of memory locations
Locality_of_reference
Object which stores memory addresses in a computer program
to be among computer science's "most valuable treasures." — Donald Knuth, Structured Programming, with go to Statements In computer science, a pointer
Pointer (computer programming)
Pointer_(computer_programming)
Constant exchange between memory and storage
In computer science, thrashing occurs in a system with memory paging when a computer's real memory (RAM) resources are overcommitted, leading to a constant
Thrashing_(computer_science)
Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics
A quantum computer is a computer that represents and processes information using quantum states. Quantum computations exploit phenomena such as superposition
Quantum_computing
Method of symbol substitution
In computer science, a production or production rule is a rewrite rule that replaces some symbols with other symbols. A finite set of productions P {\displaystyle
Production_(computer_science)
Computer science and logic conference
Symposium on Logic in Computer Science (LICS) is an annual academic conference on the theory and practice of computer science in relation to mathematical
Symposium on Logic in Computer Science
Symposium_on_Logic_in_Computer_Science
Core of a computer operating system
A kernel is a computer program at the core of a computer's operating system that always has complete control over everything in the system. The kernel
Kernel_(operating_system)
British consumer electronics company
late as March 1981 it was still going by the Science of Cambridge name. In March 1981, Sinclair Computers was renamed Sinclair Research Ltd and the Sinclair
Sinclair_Research
In computer science, contextualization is the process of identifying the data relevant to an entity (e.g., a person or a city) based on the entity's contextual
Contextualization (computer science)
Contextualization_(computer_science)
Software that supports solution development via inversion of control
European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 821, Springer-Verlag, pp. 150–162, CiteSeerX 10.1.1.74.7935,
Software_framework
In computer science, a monoculture is a community of computers that all run identical software. All the computer systems in the community thus have the
Monoculture (computer science)
Monoculture_(computer_science)
Datatype in C++
confusion, as in computer science a reference is a general concept datatype, with pointers and C++ references being specific reference datatype implementations
Reference_(C++)
Organization
The European Association for Theoretical Computer Science (EATCS) is an international organization with a European focus, founded in 1972. Its aim is to
European Association for Theoretical Computer Science
European_Association_for_Theoretical_Computer_Science
Synchronization mechanism for enforcing limits on access to a resource
In computer science, a lock or mutex (from mutual exclusion) is a synchronization primitive that prevents state from being modified or accessed by multiple
Lock_(computer_science)
Ontology applicable across domains of knowledge
In information science, an upper ontology (also known as a top-level ontology, upper model, or foundation ontology) is an ontology (in the sense used
Upper_ontology
Master's degree, academic title
management and Security. The degree typically includes coursework in both computer science and business skills, but the core curriculum might depend on the school
Master of Science in Information Technology
Master_of_Science_in_Information_Technology
Defunct American corporation that provided information technology services
Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) was an American multinational corporation that provided information technology (IT) services and professional services
Computer_Sciences_Corporation
Syntactic entity in a programming language with a determinable value
In computer science, an expression is a syntactic entity in a programming language that may be evaluated to determine its value of a specific semantic
Expression_(computer_science)
Programming language concept
In computer science, boxing (a.k.a. wrapping) is the transformation of placing a primitive type within an object so that the value can be used as a reference
Boxing_(computer_programming)
losing its position as computer science leader by 1974. Popular theories are favored about the lack of women in computer science, which discount historical
Women_in_computing
Unused memory in a computer system
In computer science, garbage includes data, objects, or other regions of the memory of a computer system (or other system resources), which will not be
Garbage_(computer_science)
System that supports business decisions
to a computer system with software installed. "Information systems" is also an academic field of study about systems with a specific reference to information
Information_system
Library reference method
the reference transaction is a computer-mediated communication. It is the remote, computer-mediated delivery of reference information provided by library
Digital_reference
Programming construct providing timed preemption
University - Computer Science Department. Haynes, Christopher T.; Friedman, Daniel P. (1987-01-01). "Abstracting timed preemption with engines". Computer Languages
Engine_(computer_science)
Collection of ready-to-use resources
In computer science, a pool is a collection of resources that are kept in memory, ready to use, rather than the memory acquired on use or the memory released
Pool_(computer_science)
Basic unit of a data structure
Roselyn (2013). Barron's AP Computer Science A. Barron's. ISBN 978-1-4380-0152-4. "Simply Scheme: Introducing Computer Science ch 18: Trees". College Of
Node_(computer_science)
Reusable solution template to a commonly-needed software behavior
others followed up on this work. Design patterns gained popularity in computer science after the book Design Patterns: Elements of Reusable Object-Oriented
Software_design_pattern
Process of deriving classes from, and organizing them into, a hierarchy
programming Mixin – Class used for injecting methods Polymorphism (computer science) – Using one interface or symbol with regards to multiple different
Inheritance (object-oriented programming)
Inheritance_(object-oriented_programming)
Attribute of data
In computer science and computer programming, a data type (or simply type) is a collection or grouping of data values, usually specified by a set of possible
Data_type
In computer science, a lease is a contract that gives its holder specified rights to some resource for a limited period. Because it is time-limited, a
Lease_(computer_science)
Temporary context for interactive information interchange
In computer science and networking in particular, a session is a time-delimited two-way link, a practical (relatively high) layer in the TCP/IP protocol
Session_(computer_science)
Academic department at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
The MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) is an engineering department of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge
MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science
MIT_Department_of_Electrical_Engineering_and_Computer_Science
Reference Book Clayton Walnum – The Complete Idiot's Guide to Visual Basic 6 Mitchell Waite – Visual Basic How To Donald Knuth – The Art of Computer Programming
List_of_computer_books
International computer science competition
Computer Science League, is an international computer science competition among more than 300 schools. Founded in 1978 as the Rhode Island Computer Science
American Computer Science League
American_Computer_Science_League
Network that allows computers to share resources and communicate with each other
In computer science, computer engineering, and telecommunications, a network is a group of communicating computers and peripherals known as hosts, which
Computer_network
1980s specifications for a computer workstation
Retrieved January 26, 2008. NeXT User's Reference, 4/90, pg. 242, Reorder Product #N6002 "NeXT Computer | Science Museum Group Collection". collection.sciencemuseumgroup
3M_computer
Technique for creating lexically scoped first class functions
the term comes from mathematics use, rather than the prior use in computer science. The authors consider this overlap in terminology to be "unfortunate
Closure (computer programming)
Closure_(computer_programming)
Academic journal
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science is an electronic computer science journal published by Elsevier, started in 1995. Its issues include many
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science
Electronic_Notes_in_Theoretical_Computer_Science
The David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science is a professional school within the Faculty of Mathematics at the University of Waterloo. In 1965, when
David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science
David_R._Cheriton_School_of_Computer_Science
School in Aarhus, Denmark
The Department of Computer Science at Aarhus University, is with its 1000 students, the largest Computer Science Department in Denmark. Earlier, the department
Department of Computer Science (Aarhus University)
Department_of_Computer_Science_(Aarhus_University)
Instructions a computer can execute
A computer program is a sequence or set of instructions in a programming language for a computer to execute. It is one component of software, which also
Computer_program
Automata that lists elements of some given set
material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: "Enumerator" computer science – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (May 2021) (Learn how
Enumerator_(computer_science)
1979 classic textbook on computational complexity theory
the CiteSeer search engine listed the book as the most cited reference in computer science literature. Another appendix of the book featured problems for
Computers_and_Intractability
Regular user of a product
administrators, information technology (IT) experts, software professionals, and computer technicians. End users typically do not possess the technical understanding
End_user
Instruction in computer program
A branch, jump or transfer is an instruction in a computer program that can cause a computer to begin executing a different instruction sequence and thus
Branch_(computer_science)
1992 novel by Neal Stephenson
include history, linguistics, anthropology, archaeology, religion, computer science, politics, cryptography, memetics, and philosophy. Stephenson has said
Snow_Crash
Model of concurrent computation
The actor model in computer science is a mathematical model of concurrent computation that treats an actor as the basic building block of concurrent computation
Actor_model
Academic journal
Computer Science is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the AGH University of Science and Technology (Kraków Poland) and edited by faculty
Computer_Science_(journal)
Comprehensive outline of core abstractions in the field of computer science
Abstractions are fundamental building blocks of computer science, enabling complex systems and ideas to be simplified into more manageable and relatable
List of abstractions (computer science)
List_of_abstractions_(computer_science)
Academic journal
Frontiers of Computer Science is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal in English, co-published by Springer and Higher Education Press. It publishes
Frontiers_of_Computer_Science
870052°N 122.271235°W / 37.870052; -122.271235 The International Computer Science Institute (ICSI) is an independent, non-profit research organization
International Computer Science Institute
International_Computer_Science_Institute
REFERENCE COMPUTER-SCIENCE
REFERENCE COMPUTER-SCIENCE
REFERENCE COMPUTER-SCIENCE
REFERENCE COMPUTER-SCIENCE
REFERENCE COMPUTER-SCIENCE
REFERENCE COMPUTER-SCIENCE
REFERENCE COMPUTER-SCIENCE
REFERENCE COMPUTER-SCIENCE
REFERENCE COMPUTER-SCIENCE