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Privatization is a technique used in shared-memory programming to enable parallelism, by removing dependencies that occur across different threads in a
Privatization (computer programming)
Privatization_(computer_programming)
Computer programming structure used to create objects
In programming, a class is a syntactic entity structure used to create objects. The capabilities of a class differ between programming languages, but
Class_(programming)
Instructions a computer can execute
A computer program is a sequence or set of instructions in a programming language for a computer to execute. It is one component of software, which also
Computer_program
Assignment of an initial value for variable
In computer programming, initialization or initialisation is the assignment of an initial value for a data object or variable. The manner in which initialization
Initialization (computer programming)
Initialization_(computer_programming)
Sequence of program instructions invokable by other software
In computer programming, a function (also procedure, method, subroutine, routine, or subprogram) is a callable unit of software logic that has a well-formed
Function (computer programming)
Function_(computer_programming)
fields, including terms relevant to software, data science, and computer programming. Contents: A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z See
Glossary_of_computer_science
Bundling of data
similarity has been explained by programming language theorists in terms of existential types. In object-oriented programming languages, and other related
Encapsulation (computer programming)
Encapsulation_(computer_programming)
Study of computation
for the computer to perform. Imperative programming focuses on describing how a program operates. Object-oriented programming, a programming paradigm
Computer_science
Part of a computer program where a given name binding is valid
In computer programming, the scope of a name binding (an association of a name to an entity, such as a variable) is the part of a program in which the
Scope_(computer_programming)
Process of deriving classes from, and organizing them into, a hierarchy
targets Role-oriented programming – Programming paradigm based on conceptual understanding of objects Trait (computer programming) – Set of methods that
Inheritance (object-oriented programming)
Inheritance_(object-oriented_programming)
Text in computer source code that is generally ignored by a compiler/interpreter
In computer programming, a comment is text embedded in source code that a translator (compiler or interpreter) ignores. Generally, a comment is an annotation
Comment (computer programming)
Comment_(computer_programming)
Approach to software development
Literate programming (LP) is a programming paradigm introduced in 1984 by Donald Knuth in which a computer program is given as an explanation of how it
Literate_programming
Programming language environment
Numbers in the Ch Programming Language". Scientific Programming: 76–106. Cheng, Harry (1993). "Scientific Computing in the Ch Programming Language". Scientific
Ch_(computer_programming)
Programming language concept
In computer programming, type variance is the relationship between subtypes of a composite type (e.g. List[Int]) and the subtypes of its components (e
Type_variance
Technique for creating lexically scoped first class functions
History of Functional Programming Languages" (PDF). International Symposium on Trends in Functional Programming. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Vol. 7829
Closure (computer programming)
Closure_(computer_programming)
In programming languages, the object or class the currently running code belongs to
this, self, and Me are keywords used in some computer programming languages to refer to the object, class, or other entity which the currently running
This_(computer_programming)
Connection between computers or programs
An application programming interface (API) is a connection between computers or between computer programs. It is a type of software interface, offering
API
Ability of a process to examine and modify itself
In computer science, reflective programming or reflection is the ability of a process to examine, introspect, and modify its own structure and behavior
Reflective_programming
Function that is tied to a particular instance or class
A method in object-oriented programming (OOP) is a procedure associated with an object, and generally also a message. An object consists of state data
Method_(computer_programming)
Skill in using computers and digital technology
to computer programming and advanced problem solving. Computer literacy can also refer to the comfort level someone has with using computer programs and
Computer_literacy
Principle of computer program design
In computer science, information hiding is the principle of segregation of the design decisions in a computer program that are most likely to change, thus
Information_hiding
Set of methods that extend the functionality of a class
In computer programming, a trait is a language concept that represents a set of methods that can be used to extend the functionality of a class. In object-oriented
Trait_(computer_programming)
Software released under a license restricting rights
Until the late 1960s, computers—especially large and expensive mainframe computers, machines in specially air-conditioned computer rooms—were usually leased
Proprietary_software
Symbol affixed to a variable name
In computer programming, a sigil (/ˈsɪdʒəl/) is a symbol affixed to a variable name, showing the variable's datatype or scope, usually a prefix, as in
Sigil_(computer_programming)
Activity involving calculations or computing machinery
while the study of computer programming investigates the use of programming languages and complex systems. The field of human–computer interaction focuses
Computing
Mind sport
Competitive programming, or sport programming, is a mind sport involving participants trying to program according to given specifications. The contests
Competitive_programming
Named container for a particular type of data
variables in APL. Computer programming portal Attribute (object-oriented programming) Class (programming) Control variable (programming) Dynamic variable
Variable (high-level programming language)
Variable_(high-level_programming_language)
High-level programming language first released in 1980
for example, inside a loop. Computer programming portal Ada compilers ALGOL 68 – Programming language APSE – Programming environment specificationPages
Ada_(programming_language)
Software that manages computer hardware resources
system software that manages computer hardware and software resources, and provides common services for computer programs. Time-sharing operating systems
Operating_system
First book on computer programming (1951)
Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer (sometimes called WWG, after its authors' initials) was the first book on computer programming. Published
The Preparation of Programs for an Electronic Digital Computer
The_Preparation_of_Programs_for_an_Electronic_Digital_Computer
Special function called to create an object
In class-based, object-oriented programming, a constructor (abbreviation: ctor) is a special type of function called to create an object. It prepares
Constructor (object-oriented programming)
Constructor_(object-oriented_programming)
Numerical computing environment and programming language
replacing mainframe computers at the time. John Little and programmer Steve Bangert re-programmed MATLAB in C, created the MATLAB programming language, and
MATLAB
history of programming languages spans from documentation of early mechanical computers to modern tools for software development. Early programming languages
History of programming languages
History_of_programming_languages
Computer program that modifies other programs to replicate itself and spread
A computer virus is a type of malware that, when executed, replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and inserting its own code into those
Computer_virus
Software that provides access that hides details
planning. Computer languages can be processed with a computer. An example of this abstraction process is the generational development of programming language
Abstraction (computer science)
Abstraction_(computer_science)
Scientist specializing in computer science
theoretical computer science, numerical analysis, programming language theory, compiler, computer graphics, computer vision, robotics, computer architecture
Computer_scientist
American game designer and programmer
Witness (2016). Blow became interested in game programming while at middle school. He studied computer science and English at the University of California
Jonathan_Blow
Lexical token that names a programming language's entities
In computer programming languages, an identifier is a lexical token (also called a symbol, but not to be confused with the symbol primitive data type)
Identifier (computer languages)
Identifier_(computer_languages)
Mechanical computer built by Konrad Zuse in the 1930s
the Invention of Programming. Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-1-84882-554-3. Rojas, Raúl (Spring 2006) [2005-05-12]. "The Zuse Computers". Resurrection - The
Z1_(computer)
Model of concurrent computation
logic programming systems do not follow deductively from previous steps (see Indeterminacy in concurrent computation). Recently, logic programming has been
Actor_model
Programming paradigm based on objects
An OOP computer program consists of objects that interact with one another. An OOP language is one that provides object-oriented programming features
Object-oriented_programming
Class of microcomputers
games, and programming. Home computers were usually sold already manufactured in stylish metal or plastic enclosures. However, some home computers also came
Home_computer
Function called at the end of an object's lifetime
Sub Destructor() End Sub End Class Computer programming portal new and delete (C++) Finalizer Constructor (computer science) Object lifetime Resource Acquisition
Destructor (computer programming)
Destructor_(computer_programming)
Inappropriate short-lived object
In computer programming, a poltergeist (or gypsy wagon) is a short-lived, typically stateless object used to perform initialization or to invoke methods
Poltergeist (computer programming)
Poltergeist_(computer_programming)
Family of programming languages
and programming languages with advanced features (such as Pascal and C) became tenable on such computers. By then, most nontechnical personal computer users
BASIC
Word in a programming language that cannot be used as an identifier
'_' is treated as a letter). In an imperative programming language and in many object-oriented programming languages, apart from assignments and subroutine
Reserved_word
Method in computer programming of forming higher-level object types
Composite type. Computer programming portal Composite type Composition over inheritance Decomposition (computer science) Delegation (programming) Function composition
Object_composition
Principle of software development
(engineering) Rule of three (computer programming) Separation of concerns Single source of truth (SSOT/SPOT) Structured programming You aren't gonna need it
Don't_repeat_yourself
Changing an expression from one data type to another
punning Mehrotra, Dheeraj (2008). S. Chand's Computer Science. S. Chand. pp. 81–83. ISBN 978-8121929844. Programming Languages - Design and Constructs. Laxmi
Type_conversion
Dutch computer scientist (1930–2002)
structured programming, a programming paradigm that makes use of structured control flow as opposed to unstructured jumps to different sections in a program using
Edsger_W._Dijkstra
General-purpose programming language
character data type, structured programming (Fortran 77), array programming, modular programming, generic programming (Fortran 90), parallel computing
Fortran
General-purpose programming language
Zig is a general-purpose system programming language that emphasizes performance, simplicity and metaprogramming. The compiler is free and open-source
Zig_(programming_language)
Concept of copyright applied to computer code
would apply had the software in question been in the public domain. Computer programs are treated as literary works under international copyright treaties
Software_copyright
Set of computers configured in a distributed computing system
computer cluster is a group of autonomous computers that work together so that they can be viewed as a single system. Unlike grid computers, computer
Computer_cluster
Field of artificial intelligence
immaturity of the technology in such fields as programming, CPUs and memory, computer shogi programs took a long time to think, and often made moves
Computer_shogi
Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics
performed on these states. Programming a quantum computer is then a matter of composing operations in such a way that the resulting program computes a useful result
Quantum_computing
Design principle of receiving control flow from external source
design "inverts" control as compared to procedural programming. In procedural programming, a program's custom code calls reusable libraries to take care
Inversion_of_control
Metaprogramming Method (computer programming) Mixin Mock object Mock trainwreck Model–view–controller (MVC) Modular programming Multiple dispatch Multiple
Index of object-oriented programming articles
Index_of_object-oriented_programming_articles
Techniques to alter a program
In computer programming, hooking is a range of techniques used to alter or augment the behaviour of an operating system, applications, or other software
Hooking
Use of technology in education to enhance learning and teaching
constructivist cognitive learning in computer literacy, which involved programming as an instrument of learning. LOGO, a programming language, embodied an attempt
Educational_technology
Private research university in Pakistan
Computer and Emerging Sciences (NUCES), also known by its parent institute Foundation for Advancement of Science and Technology (FAST), is a private research
National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences
National_University_of_Computer_and_Emerging_Sciences
Opaque data type which stores a memory address
In computer programming, an opaque pointer is a special case of an opaque data type, a data type declared to be a pointer to a record or data structure
Opaque_pointer
Term for computer intruders and computing experts
an expert in programming and computer problem-solving and, more commonly, someone who attempts or gains unauthorized access to computer systems. Programmer
Hacker
System with multiple networked computers
be considered. A computer program that runs within a distributed system is called a distributed program, and distributed programming is the process of
Distributed_computing
Early object-oriented programming language
development of object-oriented programming through the Simula languages. The empty computer file is the minimal program in Simula, measured by the size
Simula
Computer-based technologies
Information technology (IT) is the study or use of computers, telecommunication systems and other devices to create, process, store, retrieve and transmit
Information_technology
Sequence of characters, data type
In computer programming, a string is traditionally a sequence of characters, either as a literal constant or as some kind of variable. The latter may allow
String_(computer_science)
Device or computer program used for writing and editing documents
A word processor (WP) is a device or computer program that provides for input, editing, formatting, and output of text, often with some additional features
Word_processor
British computer company (1968-2002)
International Computers Limited (ICL) was a British computer hardware, computer software and computer services company that operated from 1968 until 2002
International Computers Limited
International_Computers_Limited
Protection of computer systems from information disclosure, theft or damage
Computer security (also cybersecurity, digital security, or information technology (IT) security) is a subdiscipline within the field of information security
Computer_security
Computer programming community and challenge site
community for computer programming. On the platform, software developers train on programming challenges known as kata. These discrete programming exercises
Codewars
Composite data type
object-oriented programs that use subtypes". Proceedings of the European conference on object-oriented programming on Object-oriented programming systems, languages
Record_(computer_science)
Use of functions that call themselves
computer programming languages support recursion by allowing a function to call itself from within its own code. Some functional programming languages
Recursion_(computer_science)
Central computer component that executes instructions
is the primary processor in a given computer. Its electronic circuitry executes instructions of a computer program, such as arithmetic, logic, controlling
Central_processing_unit
Programming language that uses first order logic
logic. Unlike many other programming languages, Prolog is intended primarily as a declarative programming language: the program is a set of facts and rules
Prolog
Computer science learning platform
CodeHS is an interactive online learning platform offering computer science and programming instruction commands to a dog named karel. In the most popular
CodeHS
Routine that generates a sequence of values
(2000). Encyclopedia of computer science. Nature Pub. Group. ISBN 978-1-56159-248-7. Retrieved 11 May 2013. The Icon Programming Language utilizes generators
Generator (computer programming)
Generator_(computer_programming)
Network that allows computers to share resources and communicate with each other
In computer science, computer engineering, and telecommunications, a network is a group of communicating computers and peripherals called hosts, which
Computer_network
American computer scientist (1919–2001)
developed programming languages. Rochester was appointed an IBM Fellow in 1967, the company's highest technical position. In 1984 he received the Computer Pioneer
Nathaniel Rochester (computer scientist)
Nathaniel_Rochester_(computer_scientist)
Type of malware
device. Ransomware attacks are often carried out using a trojan. Unlike computer viruses and worms, trojans generally do not attempt to inject themselves
Trojan_horse_(computing)
Computer resource for recording data on a storage device
video, a program, or any wide variety of other kinds of data. Certain files can store multiple data types at once. By using computer programs, a person
Computer_file
American technology company (1985–1997)
the computer industry. Object-oriented programming and graphical user interfaces became more common after the 1988 release of the NeXT Computer and NeXTSTEP
NeXT
Shared boundary between elements of a computing system
interfaces allows for a programming style called programming to the interface. The idea behind this approach is to base programming logic on the interfaces
Interface_(computing)
University in the United States
bachelors' and masters' degree programs in computer science, game design, digital art and animation, and audio programming and design. In 1988, DigiPen
DigiPen Institute of Technology
DigiPen_Institute_of_Technology
Pedagogy of computer science
computational thinking. The field of computer science education encompasses a wide range of topics, from basic programming skills to advanced algorithm design
Computing_education
American private for-profit university
began as the Electronic Computer Programming Institute, a technical training program for students preparing to work in the computer industry. Its first campus
ECPI_University
General-purpose programming language
Ruby is a general-purpose programming language designed with an emphasis on programming productivity and simplicity. In Ruby, everything is an object
Ruby_(programming_language)
Style of computer programming
Generic programming is a style of computer programming in which algorithms are written in terms of data types to-be-specified-later that are then instantiated
Generic_programming
American non-profit organization
non-profit focused on making computer programming more accessible. The initial focus was on creating a database of all computer science classrooms in the
Code.org
Statically typed functional programming language
Computer programming portal Free and open-source software portal Gleam is a general-purpose, concurrent, functional, high-level programming language that
Gleam_(programming_language)
American computer scientist and microcomputer entrepreneur (1942–1994)
in computer science in 1972. Intel lent him systems using the 8008 and 8080 processors and, in 1973, he developed the first high-level programming language
Gary_Kildall
Computer programming convention
In computer programming, indentation style is a convention or style, governing the indentation of lines of source code. An indentation style generally
Indentation_style
Computing company founded in 2014
building and running programs for gate-based quantum computers. It is platform-inclusive and open source. The quantum programming environment is accessible
Quantinuum
American computing vendor
Concurrent Computer Corporation was an American computer company, in existence from 1985 to 2017, that made real-time computing and parallel processing
Concurrent Computer Corporation
Concurrent_Computer_Corporation
Checking software against expectations
plus when programming tools/text editors check source code structure or compilers (precompilers) check syntax and data flow as static program analysis
Software_testing
This article gives an overview of professional ethics as applied to computer programming and software development, in particular the ethical guidelines that
Programming_ethics
Writing format
alternative naming convention for multi-word identifiers in several computer programming languages. The use of medial caps for compound identifiers is recommended
Camel_case
Storage of digital data readable by computers, using memory and storage devices
Computer data storage or digital data storage is the retention of digital data via technology consisting of computer components and recording media. Digital
Computer_data_storage
Patent that covers a computer program
A software patent is a patent on a piece of software, such as a computer program, library, user interface, or algorithm. The validity of these patents
Software_patent
Malicious software
designed to cause disruption or destruction to a computer, server, client, or computer network, leak private information, gain unauthorized access to information
Malware
travel, tourism, insurance
PRIVATIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
PRIVATIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
Boy/Male
Muslim
Compiler of Hadith
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Unattained; Cannot be Competed with
Boy/Male
Irish
From an Irish name meaning “â€one who aids or assists.â€â€ It is usually translated as Terence and Terry, two names that have become strongly associated with Ireland. Turlough O’Carolan was a 17th century blind harpist and composer who wrote one of the most haunting pieces of Irish music, “â€O’Carolan’s Concerto.â€â€
Boy/Male
Latin
He who loves God. Famous Bearer: late composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
Boy/Male
Latin
He who loves God. Famous Bearer: late composer Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Compiler of Hadith
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Abu Isa Muhammad Al-tirmidhi; Compiler of the One Collection of Prophet Muhammad
Boy/Male
Irish
From an Irish name meaning “â€one who aids or assists.â€â€ It is usually translated as Terence and Terry, two names that have become strongly associated with Ireland. Turlough O’Carolan was a 17th century blind harpist and composer who wrote one of the most haunting pieces of Irish music, “â€O’Carolan’s Concerto.â€â€
Boy/Male
Hindu
Computer
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
To Compete with Pride
Boy/Male
Irish
From an Irish name meaning “â€one who aids or assists.â€â€ It is usually translated as Terence and Terry, two names that have become strongly associated with Ireland. Turlough O’Carolan was a 17th century blind harpist and composer who wrote one of the most haunting pieces of Irish music, “â€O’Carolan’s Concerto.â€â€
Male
German
Middle High German byname HEIDEN means "heathen." The composer Josef Haydn's surname was a respelling of this name.
Girl/Female
Muslim
To compete with pride
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Compiler of the Vedas
Boy/Male
Tamil
Computer
PRIVATIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
PRIVATIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
PRIVATIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
PRIVATIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
PRIVATIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
PRIVATIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
PRIVATIZATION COMPUTER-PROGRAMMING
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Compete
v. t.
To compute; to count.
v. t.
To compute or rate too high.
n.
One who computes.
v. i.
To pay, or arrange to pay, in gross instead of part by part; as, to commute for a year's travel over a route.
v. i.
To calculate; to compute.
imp. & p. p.
of Commute
v. t.
To exchange; to put or substitute something else in place of, as a smaller penalty, obligation, or payment, for a greater, or a single thing for an aggregate; hence, to lessen; to diminish; as, to commute a sentence of death to one of imprisonment for life; to commute tithes; to commute charges for fares.
v. i.
To contend emulously; to seek or strive for the same thing, position, or reward for which another is striving; to contend in rivalry, as for a prize or in business; as, tradesmen compete with one another.
v. t.
To compute erroneously.
n.
A computer.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Compute
imp. & p. p.
of Compete
n.
A preparation of fruit in sirup in such a manner as to preserve its form, either whole, halved, or quartered; as, a compote of pears.
n.
One who commutes; especially, one who commutes in traveling.
n.
A composer or compiler of hymns; one versed in hymnology.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Commute
n.
One who composes or writes a book; a composer, as distinguished from an editor, translator, or compiler.
imp. & p. p.
of Compute
n.
Compiler.
travel, tourism, insurance