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Protein found in humans
Platelet basic protein (PBP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the gene PPBP (previously CXCL7). PBP is a precursor protein that is cleaved into
Platelet_basic_protein
Component of blood aiding in coagulation
complex, as more than 193 proteins and 301 interactions are involved in platelet dynamics. Despite much overlap, platelet function can be modeled in
Platelet
Protein involved in blood clotting, wound healing and inflammation
human chromosome 4. Platelet factor-4 is a 70-amino acid protein that is released from the alpha-granules of activated platelets and binds with high affinity
Platelet_factor_4
Blood product used in transfusion medicine
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), also known as autologous conditioned plasma, is a concentrate of plasma protein derived from whole blood, centrifuged to remove
Platelet-rich_plasma
Class of proteins involved in inflammation
Acute-phase proteins (APPs) are a class of proteins whose concentrations in blood plasma either increase (positive acute-phase proteins) or decrease (negative
Acute-phase_protein
Signaling glycoprotein regulating cell proliferation
Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is one among numerous growth factors that regulate cell growth and division. In particular, PDGF plays a significant
Platelet-derived growth factor
Platelet-derived_growth_factor
Abnormally low levels of platelets in the blood
characterized by abnormally low levels of platelets (also known as thrombocytes) in the blood. Low levels of platelets in turn may lead to prolonged or excessive
Thrombocytopenia
producing proteins that are secreted into the blood, including major plasma proteins, factors in hemostasis and fibrinolysis, carrier proteins, hormones
Proteins produced and secreted by the liver
Proteins_produced_and_secreted_by_the_liver
Mammalian protein involved in blood clotting
α-granules in platelets. Von Willebrand Factor's primary function is binding to other proteins, in particular factor VIII, and it is important in platelet adhesion
Von_Willebrand_factor
Class of cell surface receptors coupled to G-protein-associated intracellular signaling
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-(pass)-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptors
G_protein-coupled_receptor
Body fluid in the circulatory system
proteins remaining are albumin and immunoglobulins. Blood pH is regulated to stay within the narrow range of 7.35 to 7.45, making it slightly basic (compensation)
Blood
Cellular component of platelets
factor 1, platelet-derived growth factors, TGF beta, platelet factor 4 (which is a heparin-binding chemokine) and other clotting proteins (such as thrombospondin
Alpha_granule
Membrane receptor
exclusively functional on the surface of platelets. It primarily functions to mediate the first critical step in platelet adhesion, by facilitating binding to
Glycoprotein_Ib-IX-V_complex
Medical condition
Platelet storage pool deficiency is a family of clotting disorders characterized by deficient granules in platelets. Individuals with these disorders
Platelet storage pool deficiency
Platelet_storage_pool_deficiency
Indian American medical scientist
tomato had a positive effect in the prevention of blood platelet aggregation. Hyperactive platelets are important mediators of atherogenesis. In addition
Asim_Duttaroy
Protein found in humans
The platelet-activating factor receptor (PAF-R) is a G-protein coupled receptor which binds platelet-activating factor. It is encoded in the human by the
Platelet-activating factor receptor
Platelet-activating_factor_receptor
Medical condition with rash and bleeding risk
is an autoimmune primary disorder of hemostasis characterized by a low platelet count in the absence of other causes. ITP often results in an increased
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura
Immune_thrombocytopenic_purpura
Medical condition
quantity of von Willebrand factor (VWF), a protein required for platelet adhesion through the binding to other proteins, particularly factor VIII. The disease
Von_Willebrand_disease
Cell produced by hematopoiesis
growth factors produced by platelets include basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), platelet-derived epidermal growth
Blood_cell
Pathogenic type of misfolded protein
infectivity. PrPC is a normal protein found on the membranes of cells, "including several blood components of which platelets constitute the largest reservoir
Prion
Blood clot
components to a thrombus: aggregated platelets and red blood cells that form a plug, and a mesh of cross-linked fibrin protein. The substance making up a thrombus
Thrombus
Biochemical laboratory technique
"Quantitative validation of different protein precipitation methods in proteome analysis of blood platelets". Electrophoresis. 26 (12): 2481–9. doi:10
Protein_precipitation
Factor that stimulates the growth of bone tissue
growth factors (FGFs), platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), and certain
Bone_growth_factor
Subfamily of related G protein-coupled receptors
related G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by cleavage of part of their extracellular domain. They are highly expressed in platelets, and also
Protease-activated_receptor
Skin discoloration due to underlying bleeding
pressure. The spots are caused by bleeding underneath the skin secondary to platelet disorders, vascular disorders, coagulation disorders, or other causes.
Purpura
Abnormally high platelet count in the blood
is a condition of high platelet (thrombocyte) count in the blood. Normal count is in the range of 150×109 to 450×109 platelets per liter of blood, but
Thrombocythemia
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
hypereosinophilic heart disease. Protein C may be up-regulated by platelet factor 4. This cytokine is conjectured to improve activation of protein C by forming an electrostatic
Protein_C
Family of enzymes
loop. The consensus sequence of protein kinase C enzymes is similar to that of protein kinase A, since it contains basic amino acids close to the Ser/Thr
Protein_kinase_C
Process of preventing and stopping bleeding
hemostasis. Clot formation: Once the platelet plug has been formed by the platelets, the clotting factors (a dozen proteins that travel along the blood plasma
Hemostasis
Medical condition cause by blood clots
speaking, or problems moving parts of the body. As clotting factors and platelets are used up, bleeding may occur. This may include blood in the urine,
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Disseminated_intravascular_coagulation
plant protein - plasma membrane - plasmid - plasmin - plasminogen - platelet glycoprotein GPIb-IX complex - platelet membrane glycoprotein - platelet-derived
Index of biochemistry articles
Index_of_biochemistry_articles
including phospholipase A2 and platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase Protein and glycan hydrolases, including protein phosphate methylesterase 1, acyloxyacyl
Serine_hydrolase
Chemical compound
fostamatinib reduces the immune system's destruction of platelets, so allowing the platelet count to rise, which reduces the likelihood of excessive
Fostamatinib
Combination of screening laboratory tests
categorization of haemostatic problems. The basic screen consists of: platelet count bleeding time for platelet function PR (prothrombin ratio) for the tissue
Coagulation_screen
Liquid component of blood
component of blood in which blood cells are absent, but which contains proteins and other constituents of whole blood in suspension. It makes up about
Blood_plasma
Vertebrate organ involved in metabolism
functions, such as detoxification of the organism and the synthesis of various proteins and other biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth. In humans, it
Liver
Protein-coding gene in humans
the development of alpha granule-deficient platelets by failing to stimulate the expression of NBDAL2 protein. Given these differences, the GATA1 mutation-related
GATA1
Cancer of plasma cells
transplants can cause unwanted bleeding and may require platelet transfusions. It was seen that platelet transfusions for people undergoing chemotherapy or
Multiple_myeloma
Protein complex found in mammals
antimicrobial proteins. Mammalian cells secrete calprotectin during the inflammatory response. Circulating activated platelets and platelet-leukocyte aggregates
Calprotectin
Gene that has the potential to cause cancer
three basic methods of activation: A mutation within a proto-oncogene can cause a change in the protein structure, causing an increase in protein activity
Oncogene
Small red or purple blemish on the skin, eyes, etc. due to rupture of capillaries
scurvy Vitamin K deficiency Leukemia Thrombocytopenia – Low platelet counts or diminished platelet function (e.g., as a side effect of medications or during
Petechia
Polymer in bacterial cell walls
(also called MurNAc or NAMA). Gram-positive cell wall Penicillin binding protein forming cross-links in newly formed bacterial cell wall. Peptidoglycan
Peptidoglycan
Loop that increases an initial effect
signal chemicals that activate platelets in the blood. An activated platelet releases chemicals to activate more platelets, causing a rapid cascade and
Positive_feedback
Mammalian protein found in humans
of distal regulatory domains in the megakaryocyte-specific platelet basic protein/platelet factor 4 gene locus". Blood. 98 (3): 610–7. doi:10.1182/blood
CXCL5
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
ALOX12 is 75 kilodalton protein composed of 663 amino acids. Other systematic names for ALOX12 include 12S-Lipoxygenase, platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase,
ALOX12
PMID 168501. Olashaw NE Pledger WJ. Association of platelet-derived growth factor-induced protein with nuclear material. Nature. 1983 Nov 17-23;306(5940):272-4
Warren_Jackson_Pledger
Type of protein or peptide
Scrace, G., Whittle, N. et al. Platelet-derived growth factor is structurally related to the putative transforming protein p28sis of simian sarcoma virus
Mitogen
Acute phase protein found in plasma
its strong ligand-binding capabilities. Being an acidic protein, AGP primarily binds to basic (positively charged) drugs, but it can also bind neutral
Orosomucoid
American immunologist
other extracellular proteins, the fibronectin and vitronectin receptors were isolated and their sequences determined and platelet protein IIb/IIIa was also
Timothy_A._Springer
Class of compounds
Proteoglycans are proteins that are heavily glycosylated. The basic proteoglycan unit consists of a "core protein" with one or more covalently attached
Proteoglycan
Protein found in humans
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), also known as thrombospondin-5, is an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein primarily present in cartilage. In
Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein
Cartilage_oligomeric_matrix_protein
Large-scale study of proteins
Proteomics is the large-scale study of proteins. The proteome is the entire set of proteins produced or modified by an organism or system. Proteomics is
Proteomics
Routine laboratory test of blood cells
The CBC indicates the counts of white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets, the concentration of hemoglobin, and the hematocrit (the volume percentage
Complete_blood_count
Medical techniques to separate one or more components of blood
apheresis platelet donation the donor's pre platelet count should be above 150 x 10^9/L. For apheresis plasma donation, the donor's total protein level should
Apheresis
Type of white blood cell
AC, Tavener SA, McDonald B, Goodarzi Z, Kelly MM, et al. (April 2007). "Platelet TLR4 activates neutrophil extracellular traps to ensnare bacteria in septic
Neutrophil
Large plasma protein found in the blood
act as a carrier protein because it also binds to numerous growth factors and cytokines, such as platelet-derived growth factor, basic fibroblast growth
Alpha-2-Macroglobulin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
a protein that in humans is encoded by the TAL1 gene. The protein encoded by TAL1 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor. TAL1 has been shown
TAL1
Family of zinc finger transcription factors
as intestinal enriched Krüppel-like factor (IKLF) or basic transcription element binding protein 2 (Bteb2), has been assigned purely transcriptional activation
Kruppel-like_factors
Growth factor and signaling protein otherwise known as FGF2
factor 2 (FGF-2), also known as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and FGF-β, is a growth factor and signaling protein encoded by the FGF2 gene. It binds
Fibroblast_growth_factor_2
Enzyme involved in prostaglandin synthesis
such as aspirin. Thromboxane A2, the major product of COX-1 in platelets, induces platelet aggregation. The inhibition of COX-1 is sufficient to explain
Cyclooxygenase-1
Condition in which damaged skeletal muscle breaks down rapidly
irregular heartbeat. Some of the muscle breakdown products, such as the protein myoglobin, are harmful to the kidneys and can cause acute kidney injury
Rhabdomyolysis
Biological ability of cells to distinguish between types of neighboring cells
selectin-expressing cells in animals. Selectin is a receptor protein found on the membranes of leukocytes, platelet cells, and endothelial cells that binds membrane-bound
Cell–cell_recognition
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)
low antithrombotic efficacy as measured by platelet aggregation. Dr. Karl Thomae GmbH filed the German basic patent DE2756113 (1979) and Boehringer Ingelheim
Meloxicam
Class of chemical compounds
Monoalkylglycerol ethers (MAGEs) are also generated from 2-acetyl MAGEs (precursors of platelet-activating factor) by KIAA1363. Plasmalogens as well as some 1-O-alkyl
Ether_lipid
Protein found in humans
Zinc finger protein ZFPM1 also known as friend of GATA protein 1 (FOG-1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZFPM1 gene. It is a cofactor of
Zinc_finger_protein_ZFPM1
G protein-coupled receptor
due to polymorphism of platelet V1R there is significant heterogeneity in the aggregation response of normal human platelets to vasopressin. V1Rs are
Vasopressin_receptor
Protein found in humans
into 6 exons. In total, myelin protein zero is 219 amino acids long and has many basic amino acid residues. Myelin protein zero consists of an extracellular
Myelin_protein_zero
Disease of blood and kidneys after bacterial infection
failure), and low platelets. Initial symptoms typically include bloody diarrhea, fever, vomiting, and weakness. Kidney problems and low platelets then occur
Hemolytic–uremic_syndrome
Toxin protein
by calciseptine and platelet aggregation is inhibited via interactions with adhesion proteins by dendroaspin and related proteins. In some cases no toxicity
Three-finger_toxin
Family of viruses
activating the cell growth-promoting signaling of platelet-derived growth factor receptors. The E5 proteins of human papillomaviruses associated to cancer
Papillomaviridae
Protease enzyme present in mammals and other organisms
; Singh, S. B.; Ashraf, M. Z. (Feb 2014). "Altered expression of platelet proteins and calpain activity mediate hypoxia-induced prothrombotic phenotype"
Calpain
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
K, Schultz G (1994). "G proteins of the G12 family are activated via thromboxane A2 and thrombin receptors in human platelets". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci
Thromboxane_receptor
Class of drugs
which happens after the initial platelet aggregation but before the formation of fibrin and stable aggregated platelet products. Common anticoagulants
Anticoagulant
Oxygen-delivering blood cell and the most common type of blood cell
approximately 270 million hemoglobin molecules. The cell membrane is composed of proteins and lipids, and this structure provides properties essential for physiological
Red_blood_cell
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Kavanagh TJ, Roth GJ (February 1998). "Human signaling protein 14-3-3zeta interacts with platelet glycoprotein Ib subunits Ibalpha and Ibbeta". Blood. 91
YWHAZ
Medical condition
serotonin and adenosine-phosphate-containing granules in platelets causes impaired platelet aggregation, leading to prolonged bleeding time. Thus, patients
Chédiak–Higashi_syndrome
Chronic disease of the liver, characterized by fibrosis
metabolic processes in the body, including protein synthesis, detoxification, nutrient storage (such as glycogen), platelet production, and clearance of bilirubin
Cirrhosis
Protein family
receptor (or adrenoceptor) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) associated with the Gi heterotrimeric G-protein. It consists of three homologous subtypes
Alpha-2_adrenergic_receptor
Protein involved in coagulation
in coagulation; it belongs to peptidase family S1. Deficiency of this protein causes haemophilia B. It was discovered in 1952 after a young boy named
Factor_IX
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Histidine-rich glycoprotein and platelet factor 4 mask heparan sulfate proteoglycans recognized by acidic and basic fibroblast growth factor". Biochemistry
Syndecan-2
Chemical compound
polyphenols such as myricetin may target other platelet activation pathways, limiting fibrinogen's ability to bind platelet surface receptors. Several in vitro and
Myricetin
Blood vessel formation, when new vessels emerge from existing vessels
angiogenesis. FGF-2 is a more potent angiogenic factor than VEGF or PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor); however, it is less potent than FGF-1. As well
Angiogenesis
Type of white blood cells
(RNase), deoxyribonucleases (DNase), lipase, plasminogen, and major basic protein. These mediators are released by a process called degranulation following
Eosinophil
Protein family
signals using a conserved family of proteins called SMADs. They play fundamental roles in the regulation of basic biological processes such as growth
Transforming growth factor beta superfamily
Transforming_growth_factor_beta_superfamily
Storage granules of endothelial cells
Marshall-Carlson L, Bainton DF (July 1989). "GMP-140, a platelet alpha-granule membrane protein, is also synthesized by vascular endothelial cells and
Weibel–Palade_body
Protein family
activity-modifying proteins (RAMPs) are a class of protein that interact with and modulate the activities of several Class B G protein-coupled receptors
Receptor activity-modifying protein
Receptor_activity-modifying_protein
Biological process in animal connective tissue
Studies looking at defective platelets and reduced platelet counts in mouse models have shown that impaired platelet function is associated with decreased
Epithelial–mesenchymal transition
Epithelial–mesenchymal_transition
Family of digestive enzymes
to break bonds between amino acids in proteins. Digestive trypsins are part of an intermediate stage of protein digestion, where they cut long chains
Trypsin
Human chromosome
experimental evidence at the protein level, in 2012. 271 appear to be membrane proteins. 54 have been classified as cancer-associated proteins. The following are
Chromosome_4
Medical condition
anticoagulant paradox" may be explained by platelet activation as described above, as well as enhancement of activated protein C resistance and suppression of the
Lupus_anticoagulant
Field of medicine involving orthopedic tissue regeneration
osteoarthritis to test the effectiveness of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections with varying platelet concentrations. Patients were assigned to receive
Orthobiologics
Area of clinical pathology that is generally concerned with analysis of bodily fluids
easily done by centrifugation, which packs the denser blood cells and platelets to the bottom of the centrifuge tube, leaving the liquid serum fraction
Clinical_chemistry
Molecule destroying the membrane of red blood cells
Hemolysins or haemolysins are lipids and proteins that cause lysis of red blood cells by disrupting the cell membrane. Although the lytic activity of some
Hemolysin
Protein encoding gene in humans
encoded by the CXCR2 gene. The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the G-protein-coupled receptor family. This protein is a receptor for interleukin
CXCR2
Surface protein important to the immune system
killer cells, macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, human platelets, and mast cells – that contribute to the protective functions of the immune
Fc_receptor
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SORT1 gene on chromosome 1. This protein is a type I membrane glycoprotein in the vacuolar protein sorting
Sortilin
Medical condition
which mature to megakaryocytes. Megakaryocytes release platelets into the bloodstream. Platelets are critical for normal blood clotting. In consequence
Transient myeloproliferative disease
Transient_myeloproliferative_disease
Superfamily of proteins that make up microtubules
marginal-band like structures present in megakaryocytes and platelets. Katanin is a protein complex that severs microtubules at β-tubulin subunits, and
Tubulin
Protein found in humans
environmental perturbations, including stimulation by platelet-derived growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor, transforming growth factor β1
CCN_family_member_1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
transcription factor protein that in humans is encoded by the MAFK gene. MafK is one of the small Maf proteins, which are basic region and leucine zipper
MAFK
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