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DNA sequence whose position in the genome is variable
Mobile genetic elements (MGEs), sometimes called selfish genetic elements, are a type of genetic material that can move around within a genome, or that
Mobile_genetic_elements
Defense system in bacteria and archaea
systems are major players in the co-evolutionary interaction between mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and their hosts. Genes encoding R-M systems have been reported
Restriction modification system
Restriction_modification_system
Kingdom of archaea
eukaryotes. In addition to viruses, several groups of cryptic mobile genetic elements have been discovered through CRISPR spacer matching to be associated
Asgard_archaea
DNA that does not code for proteins
retrotransposons are mobile genetic elements. Retrotransposon repeated sequences, which include long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed
Non-coding_DNA
DNA sequences that jump/transpose within a genome
or mobile genetic element, are DNA sequences that can change their position, or translocate, within a genome. TEs were first identified via genetic studies
Transposable_element
Kind of transposon
these unusual TTAA-specific elements came through a somewhat unconventional route relative to most other Class II mobile elements. Spontaneous plaque morphology
PiggyBac_transposon_system
Mobile genetic elements
Integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) are mobile genetic elements present in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. In a donor cell, ICEs
Integrative and conjugative element
Integrative_and_conjugative_element
S2CID 31040875. Lambowitz, A. M.; Belfort, M. (1993). "Introns as Mobile Genetic Elements". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 62: 587–622. doi:10.1146/annurev
History_of_RNA_biology
Database of mobile genetic elements
Gypsy (GyDB) is a wiki-style database of mobile genetic elements. Classification of mobile genetic elements Horizontal gene transfer Llorens, Carlos; Futami
Gypsy_(database)
Microbial community assemblage and activity
microbiome. The integration of phages, viruses, plasmids, and mobile genetic elements is more controversial. Whipps's "theatre of activity" includes
Microbiome
Class of transposable elements that cause hybrid dysgenesis in eukaryotes
P elements are transposable elements that were discovered in Drosophila as the causative agents of genetic traits called hybrid dysgenesis. The transposon
P_element
Part of a gene that is spliced away
examination of intron structure by DNA sequence analysis, together with genetic and biochemical analysis of RNA splicing reactions. At least four distinct
Intron
Type of molecules produced by a pathogen that might cause potential harmful effects
obtained from mobile genetic elements like plasmids and bacteriophages (e.g. some exotoxins). Virulence factors encoded on mobile genetic elements spread through
Virulence_factor
Alteration in the nucleotide sequence of a genome
substitution, insertion or deletion of segments of DNA due to mobile genetic elements. Mutations may or may not produce detectable changes in the observable
Mutation
Species of Gram-positive bacterium
the same lineage are mostly conserved, except for mobile genetic elements. Mobile genetic elements that are common in S. aureus include bacteriophages
Staphylococcus_aureus
Fictional sailor
for mobile genetic elements like retrotransposons to be named after mythical, historical, or literary travelers; for example, the well-known mobile genetic
Sinbad_the_Sailor
Class of mobile genetic elements
Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) (also known as long interspersed nucleotide elements or long interspersed elements) are a group of non-LTR (long
Long interspersed nuclear element
Long_interspersed_nuclear_element
Severity of disease pathogens on its host
chromosomal DNA, bacteriophage DNA or plasmids. Certain bacteria employ mobile genetic elements and horizontal gene transfer. Therefore, strategies to combat certain
Virulence
CLAssification of Mobile genetic Elements) is a database of sequenced mobile genetic elements. Gypsy (database) Mobile genetic elements Leplae, Raphaël;
ACLAME
Kind of transposon
adapt to new environments, making IS elements an important mechanism for evolution in bacteria. Mobile genetic elements Mahillon, Jacques; Chandler, Michael
Insertion_sequence
Concept in biological evolution
McClintock, the existence of multiple cellular mechanisms (including mobile genetic elements) that can restructure DNA. From these, Shapiro concludes: [I]t
Natural_genetic_engineering
Staphylococcus mobile genetic element
staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec, is a mobile genetic element of Staphylococcus bacterial species. This genetic sequence includes the mecA gene coding
SCCmec
Transfer of genes from unrelated organisms
genes. Most mobile genetic elements and antibiotic resistance genes are in hotspots, but many hotspots lack recognizable mobile genetic elements and exhibit
Horizontal_gene_transfer
Plasmid cloning vector
pUC19 is one of a series of plasmid cloning vectors designed by Joachim Messing and co-workers. The designation "pUC" is derived from the classical "p"
PUC19
Type of transposable element
fungi can adapt. The transfer of genes with adaptive functions via mobile genetic elements is well established in prokaryotes, where it is important for phenomena
Starship_(genetics)
Type of transposable element in genomes
recognized and annotated in Repbase, a database of repetitive DNA elements maintained by the Genetic Information Research Institute: Academ Crypton CryptonF CryptonA
DNA_transposon
RNA transcript from the CRISPR locus
immune system found in bacteria and archaea to protect against mobile genetic elements, like viruses, plasmids, and transposons. The CRISPR locus contains
CRISPR_RNA
Gene editing system
is not yet clear but could include defence against viruses and mobile genetic elements. Like CRISPR-Cas, the TIGR-Tas system can be used for gene editing
TIGR-Tas
Family of DNA sequences found in prokaryotic organisms
arose from subsequent independent insertions of mobile genetic elements. These mobile genetic elements took the place of the multiple gene effector modules
CRISPR
Mobile genetic element in the genome of S. aureus
(Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity islands) are a family of ~15 kb mobile genetic elements resident in the genomes of the vast majority of S. aureus strains
SaPI
Process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA
mammals is regulated by many cis-regulatory elements, including core promoter and promoter-proximal elements that are located near the transcription start
Transcription_(biology)
Bacteriophage genome that is integrated into a bacterial cell
phage particles that will lyse the cell and spread. As ubiquitous mobile genetic elements, prophages play important roles in bacterial genetics and evolution
Prophage
Islander is a database of integrative islands in prokaryotic genomes. Mobile genetic elements Mantri, Yogita; Williams Kelly P (Jan 2004). "Islander: a database
Islander_(database)
American biologist and academic
parasite Wolbachia pipientis wMel: a streamlined genome overrun by mobile genetic elements Elizabeth McGraw publications indexed by Google Scholar Elizabeth
Elizabeth_McGraw
end. If this was the end of the matter the transposon would perish by genetic drift and the loss of copies owing to the occasional failure to achieve
Tn10
Type of nucleic acid sequence
in certain types of genetic disease in humans and other eukaryotes. In essence, short interspersed nuclear elements are genetic parasites which have
Short interspersed nuclear element
Short_interspersed_nuclear_element
Biological process
division: a vegetative division (mitosis), producing daughter cells genetically identical to the parent cell, and a cell division that produces haploid
Cell_division
CRISPR-associated transposons or CASTs are mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that have evolved to make use of minimal CRISPR systems for RNA-guided transposition
CRISPR-associated_transposons
The mobilome is the entire set of mobile genetic elements in a genome. Mobilomes are found in eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses. The compositions of
Mobilome
Mobile genetic element found in prokaryotes
The Tn3 transposon is a 4957 base pair mobile genetic element, found in prokaryotes. Tn3 is medically relevant because it confers antibiotic resistance
Tn3_transposon
Type of behavior of a dynamical system
mechanism which does not make a perfect copy (mutation) will experience genetic variation and will create variants of itself. These variants will be subject
Self-replication
on mobile genetic elements. Similarly, in an analysis of the resistome in a water treatment plant, plasmids and other protein-coding mobile genetic elements
Resistome
harnessed as a genetic tool for the analysis of gene and protein function. The use of transposons is well-developed in Drosophila (in which P elements are most
Transposons_as_a_genetic_tool
Topics referred to by the same term
forms a closed loop and has no ends. Examples include: Plasmids, mobile genetic elements cccDNA, formed by some viruses inside cell nuclei Circular bacterial
Circular_DNA
Genus of Gram-positive bacteria
the staphylococci evolve, especially due to the acquisition of mobile genetic elements encoding resistance and virulence genes is helping to identify
Staphylococcus
Genetic segments that can enhance their own transmission at the expense of other genes
Selfish genetic elements (historically also referred to as selfish genes, ultra-selfish genes, selfish DNA, parasitic DNA and genomic outlaws) are genetic segments
Selfish_genetic_element
Genus of bacteria
Robert; Williams, Kelly (June 6, 2014). "Resistance Determinants and Mobile Genetic Elements of an NDM-1-Encoding Klebsiella pneumoniae Strain". PLOS ONE. 9
Raoultella
Artificial plasmid
made it suitable as a cloning vector. The plasmid was constructed with genetic material from three main sources: the tetracycline resistance gene of pSC101
PBR322
Proteinaceous hair-like appendage on the surface of bacteria
where conjugation apparatus typically mediates the transfer of mobile genetic elements, such as plasmids or transposons, the conjugative machinery of
Pilus
Synthetic DNA transposon for vertebrate genetic modification
animals and for gene therapy. The genetic cargo can be an expression cassette—a transgene and associated elements that confer transcriptional regulation
Sleeping Beauty transposon system
Sleeping_Beauty_transposon_system
Enzyme which generates DNA
and hepatitis B to replicate their genomes, by retrotransposon mobile genetic elements to proliferate within the host genome, and by eukaryotic cells
Reverse_transcriptase
The arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) is a mobile genetic element of Staphylococcus bacterial species. This genetic element provides for several
Arginine catabolic mobile element
Arginine_catabolic_mobile_element
doubly so, since alterations to the genetic and epigenetic code will be more easily inherited. While transposable elements may affect any number of different
Epigenetic regulation of transposable elements in the plant kingdom
Epigenetic_regulation_of_transposable_elements_in_the_plant_kingdom
Biological process
mutagenesis uses specific cloned genes from the host species to incorporate genetic elements. Another effective approach is to deliver transposons through viral
Transposon_mutagenesis
Type of DNA in bacterial genomes
research as well as for commercial production of transgenic crops. In genetic engineering, the tumor-promoting and opine-synthesis genes are removed
Transfer_DNA
Gene that has limited phylogenetic distribution
that at least 56% were recently acquired from integrative elements (or mobile genetic elements) from non-cellular sources such as viruses and plasmids that
Orphan_gene
Genus of bacteria
beta-lactamases encoded by the chromosome or a plasmid and associated with mobile genetic elements have been described in Capnocytophaga spp. The most common are:
Capnocytophaga
Biological process
translation (the biological synthesis of new proteins in accordance with the genetic code), could have been a replicator molecule itself in the early abiogenesis
DNA_replication
Long terminal repeat retrotransposon, a genetic element
integration". Mobile DNA. 4 (1): 8. doi:10.1186/1759-8753-4-8. PMC 3605345. PMID 23448600. Macas, J; Neumann, P (1 April 2007). "Ogre elements--a distinct
LTR_retrotransposon
understanding of CRISPR-Cas systems and their association with mobile genetic elements (MGEs). His review in Nature Reviews Microbiology provided a comprehensive
Guilhem_Faure
Organism that consists of more than one cell
organism to one of many cells. Genes borrowed from viruses and mobile genetic elements (MGEs) have recently been identified as playing a crucial role
Multicellular_organism
mutant[clarification needed][citation needed]. Tn-seq was used to determine genetic interactions between five query genes and the rest of the genome in Streptococcus
Transposon_sequencing
de la Cruz F (2011). "Plasmid segregation without partition". Mobile Genetic Elements. 1 (3): 236–241. doi:10.4161/mge.1.3.18229. PMC 3271553. PMID 22312593
Plasmid_partition_system
Group of transposable elements
PMID 24179226. Erwin JA, Marchetto MC, Gage FH (August 2014). "Mobile DNA elements in the generation of diversity and complexity in the brain". Nature
LINE1
increasingly thought to form one component of a complex genetic network linking selfish genetic elements in eukaryotic genomes with double-stranded DNA viruses
Polinton
Organism resembling a form long shown in the fossil records
coelacanth: Can a "living fossil" have active transposable elements in its genome?". Mobile Genetic Elements. 5 (4): 55–9. doi:10.1080/2159256X.2015.1052184. PMC 4588170
Living_fossil
Being between human and posthuman
2014 article from Ars Technica speculated that mutating clumps of mobile genetic elements known as "transposons" could possibly be used as a semi-parasitic
Transhuman
Type of genetic component
Retrotransposons (also called Class I transposable elements) are mobile elements which move in the host genome by converting their transcribed RNA into
Retrotransposon
American scientist and cytogeneticist (1902–1992)
discovering "mobile genetic elements"; this was more than 30 years after she initially described the phenomenon of controlling elements. She was compared
Barbara_McClintock
Family of retrotransposons
genomic loci. Retrozymes possess close similarities to types of mobile genetic elements (MGE), especially viroids, satellite RNA (satRNA), and Ribozyviria
Retrozyme
Virus that infects bacteria
EC (December 2012). "Paradigms of pathogenesis: targeting the mobile genetic elements of disease". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.
Bacteriophage
Part of a genome that has evidence of horizontal origins
of other mobile elements such as phages and plasmids. Some genomic islands, including those adjacent to integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs), can
Genomic_island
Small DNA molecule within a cell
gain of genetic material. Such events are frequently triggered by the transposition of mobile elements or by the presence of unstable elements such as
Plasmid
Plasmid in bacteria
ColE1 is a plasmid found in bacteria. Its name derives from the fact that it carries a gene for colicin E1 (the cea gene). It also codes for immunity from
ColE1
RNA family
Transfer-messenger RNA (abbreviated tmRNA, also known as 10Sa RNA and by its genetic name SsrA) is a bacterial RNA molecule with dual tRNA-like and messenger
Transfer-messenger_RNA
Cellular process of protein synthesis
generated. The matching from nucleotide triple to amino acid is called the genetic code. The translation is performed by a large complex of functional RNA
Translation_(biology)
Exchange of genetic material
Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) is the exchange of genetic material between two identical sister chromatids. It was first discovered by using the Giemsa
Sister_chromatid_exchange
Species of bacterium
2025). "Genomic characterization of antimicrobial resistance and mobile genetic elements in swine gut bacteria isolated from a Canadian research farm".
Staphylococcus_pasteuri
DNA", in Craig, N. L.; Craigie, R.; Gellert, M.; Lambowitz, A. M. (eds.), Mobile DNA II, American Society for Microbiology, pp. 384–402, ISBN 9781555812096
Replicative_transposition
DNA-editing technology
context, Cas12a targets and destroys the genetic material of viruses and other foreign mobile genetic elements. In a target organism, crRNA contains a
Cas12a
Class of roundworms
transposable element family shapes genetic variation and gene expression in the protist Trichomonas vaginalis". Mobile DNA. 5: 12. doi:10.1186/1759-8753-5-12
Tc1/mariner
Prion Mammalian prion Fungal prion Nucleic acid self-replication Mobile genetic elements Mobilome Horizontal gene transfer Genomic island Transposable element
Helper_dependent_virus
maintaining them, these plasmids are often referred to as selfish elements or genetic parasites.The maintenance of cryptic plasmids might be explained
Cryptic_plasmids
DNA strand exchange
pathogenesis, and movement of mobile genetic elements. For the same reasons, they present a potential basis for the development of genetic engineering tools. Recombination
Site-specific_recombination
Process of virus reproduction
(14 December 2012). "Paradigms of pathogenesis: targeting the mobile genetic elements of disease". Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.
Lysogenic_cycle
for antibiotic resistance, many of which are located on highly mobile genetic elements. Carbapenem antibiotics (heretofore often the treatment of last
List of antibiotic-resistant bacteria
List_of_antibiotic-resistant_bacteria
Branch of virology
Prion Mammalian prion Fungal prion Nucleic acid self-replication Mobile genetic elements Mobilome Horizontal gene transfer Genomic island Transposable element
Synthetic_virology
Species of bacterium
2005.04964.x. PMID 16390436. Cehovin A, Lewis SB (August 2017). "Mobile genetic elements in Neisseria gonorrhoeae: movement for change". Pathogens and Disease
Neisseria_gonorrhoeae
Species of bacterium
casei includes transformation, conjugation, and transduction. The mobile genetic elements found within the genome, known as mobilomes, play an important
Lacticaseibacillus_casei
Very large DNA virus
or politons that are found in some eukaryotic cells. In 2013, mobile genetic elements with segments homologous to genes in virophages, called transpovirons
Giant_virus
American geneticist (born 1951)
direct quantification and comparison of recombination rates in mobile genetic elements in sexual and asexual lineages. This species of Daphnia's asexual
Michael_Lynch_(geneticist)
Theory that viruses predate cellular life
co-evolution hypothesis) proposes that self-replicating virus-like genetic elements existed before cellular life and contributed to its emergence. It is
Virus_world_hypothesis
Enzyme that catalyzes movement of transposable elements
the high levels of transposon integration. The Tn7 transposon is a mobile genetic element found in many prokaryotes such as Escherichia coli (E. coli)
Transposase
Topics referred to by the same term
Russia, where gypsum was mined Gypsy (database), a database of mobile genetic elements Gypsy (software), a word processing program General Intensional
Gypsy_(disambiguation)
Subfield of evolutionary biology and virology concerned with the evolution of viruses
cell). Once called "jumping genes", transposons are examples of mobile genetic elements and could be the origin of some viruses. They were discovered in
Viral_evolution
Genetic material
replication and copy number regulation, as there are less superfluous genetic elements which might affect the processes being studied. Several mutants of
RK2_plasmid
Species of bacterium
and Drug Administration because H. coagulans does not contain mobile genetic elements. Since the bacterium is not pathogenic in humans or animals, it
Heyndrickxia_coagulans
Type of transposable element
transposon, which is tolerated by the host. Helitrons, as most of other mobile elements in the A. thaliana and C. elegans genomes are present in the genomes
Helitron_(biology)
transfer efficiency (virC and virE). Several chromosomal-determined genetic elements have shown their functional role in the attachment of A. tumefaciens
Plant_transformation_vector
Topics referred to by the same term
in 2007 Missouri Gas Energy, a natural gas distribution company Mobile genetic elements Modular GIS Environment Machine Gun Etiquette, an album by The
MGE
MOBILE GENETIC-ELEMENTS
MOBILE GENETIC-ELEMENTS
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Molly, MOLLIE means "obstinacy, rebelliousness" or "their rebellion."Â
Girl/Female
French German
Of the race of women.
Girl/Female
American, Australian, Biblical, Chinese, Christian, Greek, Hawaiian, Hebrew
Beginning; Origin
Girl/Female
Australian, British, English, Jamaican
From Venetia
Female
English
(ΓÎνεσις) English name of Greek origin, derived from the word genesis, GENESIS means "creation, generation, origin, source," from gignesthai "to be born," which is related to genos "birth, descent, race." In the bible, this is the name of the first book of the Old Testament.
Girl/Female
Australian, British, Celtic, Danish, English, German, Italian, Latin
Woman of Venice
Girl/Female
Australian, French, German
Of the Race of Women; White Wave
Female
English
English variant spelling of French Jeanette, GENETTE means "God is gracious."
Girl/Female
British, English, French, Latin, Portuguese
Rules
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Charming
Male
English
English name derived from the vocabulary word, from Latin nobilis, NOBLE means "noble."
Boy/Male
Australian, Hawaiian, Hebrew
Origin
Male
English
Middle English form of French Moisé, MOISE means "drawn out."
Female
English
Variant spelling of English Mabel, MABLE means "lovable."Â
Girl/Female
Biblical American Hebrew
Beginning.
Girl/Female
Celtic Italian
Blessed.
Girl/Female
Indian
Boy/Male
British, Celtic, English, Welsh
Cherished
Female
French
Feminine form of French Odilon, ODILE means "wealthy."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : possibly a variant of Goble or Gobel.Perhaps an Americanized spelling of French Gobeil.
MOBILE GENETIC-ELEMENTS
MOBILE GENETIC-ELEMENTS
Surname or Lastname
English, French, German, Dutch, Spanish (TobÃas), Hungarian (Tóbiás), and Jewish
English, French, German, Dutch, Spanish (TobÃas), Hungarian (Tóbiás), and Jewish : from a Greek form of the Hebrew male personal name TÅvyÄh ‘Jehovah is good’, which, together with various derivative forms, has been popular among Jews for generations.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Brave
Boy/Male
English Scottish
Lives at the creek town.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Fresh air
Boy/Male
Tamil
Pushyanth | பà¯à®·à¯à®¯à®‚த
Boy/Male
Biblical
Grace, mercy, gift of the Lord.
Girl/Female
Tamil
One that has nice fragrance
Girl/Female
Indian, Sikh
Love
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Week
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
To Cause Affection
MOBILE GENETIC-ELEMENTS
MOBILE GENETIC-ELEMENTS
MOBILE GENETIC-ELEMENTS
MOBILE GENETIC-ELEMENTS
MOBILE GENETIC-ELEMENTS
a.
Disposed to be taught; tractable; easily managed; as, a docile child.
imp. & p. p.
of Moil
v. t.
To make noble; to ennoble.
n.
Alt. of Genette
v. t.
To prompt or incite by a motive or motives; to move.
a.
Pertaining to, concerned with, or determined by, the genesis of anything, or its natural mode of production or development.
a.
Changing in appearance and expression under the influence of the mind; as, mobile features.
n.
One of several species of small Carnivora of the genus Genetta, allied to the civets, but having the scent glands less developed, and without a pouch.
n. & v.
See Moil, and Moile.
a.
Characterized by an extreme degree of fluidity; moving or flowing with great freedom; as, benzine and mercury are mobile liquids; -- opposed to viscous, viscoidal, or oily.
a.
Producing motion; as, motile powers.
a.
Having powers of self-motion, though unconscious; as, the motile spores of certain seaweeds.
superl.
Grand; stately; magnificent; splendid; as, a noble edifice.
n.
The fur of the common genet (Genetta vulgaris); also, any skin dressed in imitation of this fur.
a.
Same as Genetical.
a.
Causing motion; having power to move, or tending to move; as, a motive argument; motive power.
n.
A fishing boat. See Coble.
a.
Pertaining to, or inhabiting, the Ganges; as, the Gangetic shark.
v. t.
To make or mend coarsely; to patch; to botch; as, to cobble shoes.
n.
An African genet (Genetta pardina). See Genet.