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Type of long-term human memory
Explicit memory (or declarative memory) is one of the two main types of long-term human memory, the other of which is implicit memory. Explicit memory
Explicit_memory
Faculty of mind to store and retrieve data
or explicit memory, is the conscious storage and recollection of data. Under declarative memory resides semantic and episodic memory. Semantic memory refers
Memory
Type of memory referring to general world knowledge
a particular cat. Semantic memory and episodic memory are both types of explicit memory (or declarative memory), or memory of facts or events that can
Semantic_memory
Process of storage and retrieval memory
explicit memory (declarative memory) and implicit memory (non-declarative memory). Explicit memory is broken down into episodic and semantic memory,
Long-term_memory
Type of long-term human memory
stored in implicit memory is called implicit knowledge, implicit memory's counterpart is known as explicit memory or declarative memory, which refers to
Implicit_memory
Memory of autobiographical events
semantic memory, it comprises the category of explicit memory, one of the two major divisions of long-term memory (the other being implicit memory). The
Episodic_memory
Recollection of odors
to interference. Explicit memory is typically the form focused on in the studies of olfactory memory, though implicit forms of memory certainly supply
Olfactory_memory
Memory system consisting of episodes recollected from an individual's life
about the world) memory. It is thus a type of explicit memory. Conway and Pleydell-Pearce (2000) proposed that autobiographical memory is constructed within
Autobiographical_memory
Region of the brain
The rhinal cortex is proposed to be part of the neural circuit for explicit memory. Studies comparing the results of selective lesions of the hippocampus
Rhinal_cortex
Development of memory in children
research on the development of memory has indicated that declarative, or explicit memory, may exist in infants who are even younger than two years old. For
Memory_development
Loss of short-term memory
anterograde amnesia, patients lose explicit memory, or the recollection of facts, while retaining procedural memory. For instance, one may preserve the
Anterograde_amnesia
The relationship between autism and memory, specifically memory functions in relation to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is an ongoing topic of research
Autism_and_memory
Awareness of facts
taught at school is declarative knowledge. It is said to be stored as explicit memory and can be learned through rote memorization of isolated, singular
Declarative_knowledge
Memory impairments linked to eating disorders
individuals with depression. Patients with anorexia nervosa show a strong explicit memory bias towards anorexia-related words. In one study, participants (AN
Eating_disorders_and_memory
Ability to recall an image from memory after one viewing
Eidetic memory (/aɪˈdɛtɪk/ eye-DET-ik), also known as photographic memory and total recall, is the ability to recall an image from memory with high precision—at
Eidetic_memory
Part of the brain responsible for personality, decision-making, and social behavior
the retrieval of explicit memory for use in speech, whereas the deactivation of the left is responsible for mediating implicit memory retrieval to be used
Prefrontal_cortex
Selective artificial removal of memories or associations from the mind
a hammer). Explicit memory, (or 'declarative memory') is that which can be consciously drawn upon by a person to remember. Explicit memory can be split
Memory_erasure
Memory triggered by an environmental cue
intrusions. Also known as involuntary explicit memory, involuntary conscious memory, involuntary aware memory, madeleine moment, mind pops and most commonly
Involuntary_memory
One of the four lobes of the mammalian brain
long-term memory. Declarative (denotative) or explicit memory is conscious memory divided into semantic memory (facts) and episodic memory (events). The
Temporal_lobe
Health effect of alcohol consumption
days to a lifetime. LTM consists of both explicit memory (requiring conscious awareness) and implicit memory (unconscious awareness). Information selected
Effects_of_alcohol_on_memory
Marketing technique
measured using direct (for explicit memory effects) as well as indirect (for implicit memory effects) measurements. Explicit effects are measured by recall
Product_placement
Vertebrate brain region
formation of explicit memory, also known as declarative memory. Episodic memory, and semantic memory are the two components of explicit memory. The hippocampus
Hippocampus
Type of software bug
Modern programming languages like C and C++ have powerful features of explicit memory management and pointer arithmetic. These features are designed for
Memory_corruption
General-purpose programming language
String handling using the standard library is code-intensive, with explicit memory management required. The language does not directly support object
C_(programming_language)
Concept in cognitive psychology
regions. Research seems to focus especially on gender differences in explicit memory. Like many other nuances of the human psyche, these differences are
Sex_differences_in_memory
Psychological model of memory
adjective has a meaning similar to another trait. Implicit memory tests, in contrast with explicit memory tests, measure the recall value of a particular stimulus
Levels_of_processing_model
Mental process dealing with knowledge
Nondeclarative Memory, § Implicit Memory Davey, Sterling & Field 2014, p. 184 American Psychological Association 2018, § Declarative Memory, § Explicit Memory American
Cognition
Cognitive disorder where memory is disturbed or lost
influence, reversibility, and having no relation between the implicit and explicit memory. Research has shown that there could be selectivity with amnesia when
Amnesia
Explicit memory, or declarative memory, is the intentional recall of past events or learned information and is a discipline of LTM. Explicit memory includes
Effects_of_stress_on_memory
Mental illness caused by a lack of thiamine in the brain
of the central nervous system characterized by amnesia, deficits in explicit memory, and confabulation. This neurological disorder is caused by a deficiency
Korsakoff_syndrome
Software design pattern
the pattern, including the use of the volatile keyword in Java and explicit memory barriers in C++. The pattern is typically used to reduce locking overhead
Double-checked_locking
Inability in hypnotic subjects to recall events that took place while under hypnosis
Hull's work showed that there was dissociation between explicit memory and implicit memory through studies on proactive interference and retroactive
Posthypnotic_amnesia
Psychological effect that people learn more by spreading studying out in time
information. This robust finding has been supported by studies of many explicit memory tasks such as free recall, recognition, cued-recall, and frequency
Spacing_effect
State of unconsciousness
including cognitive abilities such as attention, sensory perception, explicit memory, language, the execution of tasks, temporal and spatial orientation
Coma
Form of automatic memory management
needs five times the memory to compensate for this overhead and to perform as fast as the same program using idealized explicit memory management. The comparison
Garbage collection (computer science)
Garbage_collection_(computer_science)
Retrieval of events or information from the past
disproportionate loss of explicit memory, hence Disproportionate Retrograde Amnesia. The Face Advantage allows information and memories to be recalled easier
Recall_(memory)
Type of psychological experiment
recognition memory, but this test in particular helped build evidence for this distinction in implicit memory rather than explicit memory alone. For both
Indirect_tests_of_memory
Unconscious memory used to perform tasks
procedural memory acquisition, storage, and retrieval processes. McDougall[who?] (1923) first made the distinction between explicit and implicit memory. In the
Procedural_memory
Recollection of events triggered by musical stimulus
aspects of MEAMs. In general, musical memory can be split into both explicit and implicit memory systems. "Implicit" memory refers to the unconscious, automatic
Music-evoked autobiographical memory
Music-evoked_autobiographical_memory
Memory allocation scheme
Retrieved 22 February 2010. Gay, David; Aiken, Alex (1998). "Memory management with explicit regions". PLDI '98: Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 1998 conference
Region-based memory management
Region-based_memory_management
Repeating a falsity increases believability
memory – Psychological occurrence Firehose of falsehood – Propaganda technique Fluency heuristic and processing fluency Implicit and explicit memory List
Illusory_truth_effect
Cognitive system for temporarily holding information
working memory. Other suggested names were short-term memory, primary memory, immediate memory, operant memory, and provisional memory. Short-term memory is
Working_memory
Subcategory of memory
Recognition memory, a subcategory of explicit memory, is the ability to recognize previously encountered events, objects, or people. When the previously
Recognition_memory
Model that describes the programmable interface of a computer processor
performed) e.g. add, copy, test any explicit operands: registers literal/constant values addressing modes used to access memory More complex operations are built
Instruction_set_architecture
focuses on memory systems—how knowledge is stored and utilized—where declarative memory typically aligns with explicit knowledge and procedural memory with
Implicit and explicit knowledge
Implicit_and_explicit_knowledge
Psychological occurrence
Illusory Memories: Robust False Recognition of Associates Persists under Conditions of Explicit Warnings and Immediate Testing" (PDF). Journal of Memory and
False_memory
Unpleasant emotion
Mathews A, Mogg K, May J, Eysenck M (August 1989). "Implicit and explicit memory bias in anxiety". Journal of Abnormal Psychology. 98 (3): 236–240.
Anxiety
Theory that memory may be stored in the unconscious mind
Repressed memory is a controversial and largely discredited psychiatric phenomenon characterized by an inability to recall autobiographical information
Repressed_memory
Category of memory stabilizing processes
Memory consolidation is a process in the brain that stabilizes newly learned information, allowing the memory to be stored long-term. A memory trace is
Memory_consolidation
Order of accesses to computer memory by a CPU
Memory ordering is the order of accesses to computer memory by a CPU. Memory ordering depends on both the order of the instructions generated by the compiler
Memory_ordering
Medical condition
associated with explicit memory retrieval, and deficits on explicit memory tasks are often found with patients experiencing PTA. Working memory deficits are
Post-traumatic_amnesia
Critical factors contributing to the emotional enhancement effect on human memory
PMID 909043. S2CID 27705107. Bush, SI; Geer, JH. (2001). "Implicit and explicit memory of neutral, negative emotional, and sexual information". Arch Sex Behav
Emotion_and_memory
Canadian experimental psychologist (1927–2023)
distinction between conscious or explicit memory (such as episodic memory) and more automatic forms of implicit memory (such as priming). Along with one
Endel_Tulving
Object which stores memory addresses in a computer program
structures whose interface explicitly allows the pointer to be manipulated (arithmetically via pointer arithmetic) as a memory address, as opposed to a
Pointer (computer programming)
Pointer_(computer_programming)
Proposed condition of false or biased recollections
memory syndrome (FMS) was a proposed "pattern of beliefs and behaviors" in which a person's identity and relationships are affected by false memories
False_memory_syndrome
Aspect of senescence
Bennett DA (December 2004). "A longitudinal study of implicit and explicit memory in old persons". Psychology and Aging. 19 (4): 617–25. doi:10.1037/0882-7974
Memory_and_aging
High-detailed autobiographical memory
also known as hyperthymestic syndrome or highly superior autobiographical memory (HSAM), is a condition that leads people to be able to remember an abnormally
Hyperthymesia
Decline of memory retention in time
of memory retention across time, showing how information is lost when there is no attempt to retain it. A related concept is the strength of memory that
Forgetting_curve
encoded memories into existing memory networks. Reconsolidation of a memory involves the retrieval of an already consolidated memory (explicit or implicit)
Sleep_and_memory
Shared knowledge and values of a social group
Collective memory is the shared pool of memories, knowledge and information of a social group that is significantly associated with the group's identity
Collective_memory
Learning technique that helps in remembering
(/nəˈmɒnɪk/ nə-MON-ik), memory trick or memory device is any learning technique that aids information retention or retrieval in the human memory, often by associating
Mnemonic
Type of procedural memory
effects but have deficits on explicit measures of memory. However, some researchers suggest that implicit and explicit memory systems are not in fact separate
Repetition_priming
Damage to the brain's memory capacity
structures, is in line with his profound impairment on all explicit tests of new learning and memory. There is some uncertainty as to whether this pattern
Memory_disorder
Object-oriented programming language
is insufficient free memory on the heap to allocate a new object; this can cause a program to stall momentarily. Explicit memory management is not possible
Java_(programming_language)
Romanian academic and the Head of the Ministry of Education
of posthypnotic amnesia and intentional forgetting on implicit and explicit memory". International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. 48 (3):
Daniel_David
American neuroscientist
for memory of facts and events, otherwise known as declarative or explicit memory. Her research group was the first to identify major changes to patterns
Wendy_Suzuki
Computer feature to protect some memory
CR4 control register is set. SMAP can be temporarily disabled for explicit memory accesses by setting the EFLAGS.AC (Alignment Check) flag. The stac
Supervisor Mode Access Prevention
Supervisor_Mode_Access_Prevention
Types of accurate and detailed recall
Exceptional memory is the ability to have accurate and detailed recall in a variety of ways, including hyperthymesia, eidetic memory, synesthesia, and
Exceptional_memory
Recall of fabricated, misinterpreted or distorted memories
word, which was never explicitly stated in the list, it is considered a confabulation. Participants often have a false memory for the critical word.
Confabulation
Computer memory management methodology
allocated memory to a pool of free memory locations. This method is in contrast to "manual" memory management where a programmer explicitly codes memory requests
Memory_management
Effects of trauma on memory
memory. Within the construct of long-term memory, trauma has been shown to alter implicit and explicit memory. For example, sexual abuse victims with PTSD
Memory_and_trauma
Imperfect recall of a crime or other dramatic event
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or even psychogenic amnesia. Explicit memory (used in legal testimony) is affected by post traumatic stress disorder
Eyewitness_memory
When a computer program fails to release unnecessary memory
science, a memory leak is a type of resource leak that occurs when a computer program incorrectly manages memory allocations in a way that memory which is
Memory_leak
American neuropsychiatrist
suggested why the hippocampus was special for explicit memory storage. Kandel began to realize that memory storage must rely on modifications in the synaptic
Eric_Kandel
Mood disorder
meta-analytic review of the relationship between explicit memory bias and depression: Depression features an explicit memory bias that persists beyond a depressive
Major_depressive_disorder
Model of human memory
more accurate model of primary memory (often referred to as short-term memory). Working memory splits primary memory into multiple components, rather
Baddeley's model of working memory
Baddeley's_model_of_working_memory
Neural, cognitive, and behavioral effects of physical exercise
decision-making, and guidance of behavior. Declarative memory, also known as explicit memory, is the form of memory that pertains to facts and events. In healthy
Neurobiological effects of physical exercise
Neurobiological_effects_of_physical_exercise
Computer memory management technique
memory; by delegating to the kernel the burden of managing the memory hierarchy (eliminating the need for the program to handle overlays explicitly);
Virtual_memory
Inability of adults to recall memories from childhood
episodic memories (memories of situations or events) before the age of three to four years. It may also refer to the scarcity or fragmentation of memories recollected
Childhood_amnesia
In computing, a lock which causes a thread to loop continuously
protected by the lock could be corrupted. On most non-x86 architectures, explicit memory barrier or atomic instructions (as in the example) must be used. On
Spinlock
In computing, a base address is a memory address serving as a reference point ("base") for other addresses. For example, the address of the beginning of
Base_address
Part of the brain responsible for sensory input and some language processing
Dobbins IG, Jaeger A, Studer B, Simons JS (November 2012). "Use of explicit memory cues following parietal lobe lesions". Neuropsychologia. 50 (13): 2992–3003
Parietal_lobe
Computer programming paradigm
differ; the stream processing model enforces structured dataflow and explicit memory management that permits significantly higher execution efficiency.
Stream_processing
Form of computer memory allocation
further choose to explicitly use the stack to store local data of variable length. If a region of memory lies on the thread's stack, that memory is said to have
Stack-based_memory_allocation
Scientifically discredited form of psychotherapy
Recovered-memory therapy (RMT) is a controversial and scientifically discredited form of psychotherapy that uses one or more unproven therapeutic techniques
Recovered-memory_therapy
Biological memory process in organisms
from short to long-term is the same concerning both implicit memory and explicit memory. This process is regulated by a number of inhibitory constraints
Encoding_(memory)
American psychologist, academic and educator
Rovee-Collier, C. (1997). Dissociations in infant memory: Rethinking the development of implicit and explicit memory. Psychological Review, 104(3), 467–498. Rovee-Collier
Carolyn_Rovee-Collier
patients and with experimental animals, suggest that knowledge stored as explicit memory is first acquired through processing in one or more of the three polymodal
EC-hippocampus_system
Memory about one's environment and spatial orientation
In cognitive psychology and neuroscience, spatial memory is a form of memory responsible for the recording and recovery of information needed to plan a
Spatial_memory
Open question in philosophy of how abstract minds interact with physical bodies
pretheoretic conception of agency. Indeed, mental causation often figures explicitly in formulations of the mind–body problem. Some philosophers insist that
Mind–body_problem
Configuration in computer memory
because a device cannot read or write to memory that has not been explicitly allocated (mapped) for it. The memory protection is based on the fact that OS
Input–output memory management unit
Input–output_memory_management_unit
American psychologist (born 1952)
Elaborative Processing on Implicit and Explicit Memory for New Associations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 12(3), 432–444
Daniel_Schacter
Memory competitions
Memory sport, sometimes referred to as competitive memory or the mind sport of memory, refers to competitions in which participants attempt to memorize
Memory_sport
Psychological disorder
autobiographical (episodic) memory. While the explicit facts and details of the events may be known to the person (semantic memory), the facts of the events
Fragmentation_of_memory
Psychological phenomenon in which a person re-experiences a memory
investigated is the difference between explicit and implicit memory. This distinction dictates the manner in which memories are later recalled, namely either
Flashback_(psychology)
American cognitive psychologist
known in relation to the misinformation effect, false memory and criticism of recovered memory therapies. Loftus's research includes the effects of phrasing
Elizabeth_Loftus
Benzodiazepine medication
have more profound adverse effects on memory than other benzodiazepines; it impairs both explicit and implicit memory. In the elderly, falls may occur as
Lorazepam
Improved recall when the context of a situation is the same
information. Mood-congruent memory bias has been found for explicit but not implicit memory tasks, which suggests that mood-congruent memory requires an awareness
Context-dependent_memory
Form of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices
Read-only memory (ROM) is a form of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices. Data stored in ROM cannot be electronically modified
Read-only_memory
Pedagogical method
“Neurolinguistic aspects of implicit and explicit memory: implications for bilingualism”, in N. Ellis (ed.), Implicit and Explicit Learning of Second Languages.
Neurolinguistic_approach
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