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Encryption and decryption tool consisting of two metal plates with alphabets
A cipher disk is an enciphering and deciphering tool developed in 1470 by the Italian architect and author Leon Battista Alberti. He constructed a device
Cipher_disk
19-20th century cipher used by the US
Wadsworth's cipher, or Wheatstone's cipher, was a cipher invented by Decius Wadsworth, a Colonel in the United States Army Ordnance Corps. In 1817, he
Wadsworth's_cipher
Polyalphabetic substitution encryption and decryption system
movable type printing press led to the development of his cipher wheel. Alberti's cipher disk embodies the first example of polyalphabetic substitution
Alberti_cipher
Multiple-substitution writing system cipher
cryptogram. For this encipherment Alberti used a decoder device, his cipher disk, which implemented a polyalphabetic substitution with mixed alphabets
Polyalphabetic_cipher
Cipher system attributed to Thomas Jefferson
The Jefferson disk, also called the Bazeries cylinder or wheel cypher, is a cipher system commonly attributed to Thomas Jefferson that uses a set of wheels
Jefferson_disk
Simple type of polyalphabetic encryption system
description of a polyalphabetic cipher was by Leon Battista Alberti around 1467 and used a metal cipher disk to switch between cipher alphabets. Alberti's system
Vigenère_cipher
Cipher machines used by the German Army during World War II
The Lorenz SZ40, SZ42a and SZ42b were German rotor stream cipher machines used by the German Army during World War II. They were developed by C. Lorenz
Lorenz_cipher
sector of the disk by copying it to an unused sector of the disk and requesting its decryption. Whereas a purpose of a usual block cipher E K {\displaystyle
Disk_encryption_theory
Japanese diplomatic code named Purple by the US
for European Characters" (九七式欧文印字機 kyūnana-shiki ōbun injiki) or "Type B Cipher Machine", codenamed Purple by the United States, was an encryption machine
Type_B_Cipher_Machine
German cipher machine during World War II
The Enigma machine is a cipher device developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial, diplomatic, and military communication
Enigma_machine
Musical algorithm for encrypting and decrypting information
'Port-Lesney' music cipher uses a mechanical device known as an Alberti cipher disk There are two rotating disks: the outer disk contains two concentric
Music_cipher
Cryptographic cipher
the Alberti Disk and was the very first polyalphabetic cipher in history. Alberti's disk also helped develop the monoalphabetic ciphers, by compartmentalizing
Aristocrat_Cipher
Class of electromechanical encryption devices, used widely from the 1920s to the 1970s
In cryptography, a rotor machine is an electro-mechanical stream cipher device used for encrypting and decrypting messages. Rotor machines were the cryptographic
Rotor_machine
American cipher machine
In the history of cryptography, the ECM Mark II was a cipher machine used by the United States for message encryption from World War II until the 1950s
SIGABA
Cryptography algorithm
In cryptography, a block cipher mode of operation is an algorithm that uses a block cipher to provide information security such as confidentiality or
Block cipher mode of operation
Block_cipher_mode_of_operation
British cipher machine
Typex (also spelled Type X or TypeX) was the primary cipher machine used by the British military during World War II by and into the early Cold War. Based
Typex
Device for decoding a substitution cipher
substitution cipher with a resulting numeric cipher text. This was followed the next year with a membership pin that included a cipher disk—enciphering
Secret_decoder_ring
Fundamental tool in cryptography
tabula recta to define a polyalphabetic cipher, which was equivalent to Leon Battista Alberti's cipher disk except that the order of the letters in the
Tabula_recta
World War II German cipher machine and teleprinter
teleprinter"), or Schlüsselfernschreibmaschine (SFM), was a World War II German cipher machine and teleprinter produced by the electrical engineering firm Siemens
Siemens_and_Halske_T52
Mechanical cipher machine
United States Navy (C-38 by the manufacturer) is a portable, mechanical cipher machine used by the US military primarily in World War II, though it remained
M-209
System to replace plaintext with ciphertext
In cryptography, a substitution cipher is a method of encrypting that creates the ciphertext (its output) by replacing units of the plaintext (its input)
Substitution_cipher
Encryption tool used to perform a transposition cipher
cylinder", also σκύταλον skútalon) is a tool used to perform a transposition cipher, consisting of a cylinder with a strip of parchment wound around it on which
Scytale
Allied codename for Nazi German teleprinter stream ciphers
GC&CS Bletchley Park codename for any of several German teleprinter stream ciphers used during World War II. Enciphered teleprinter traffic was used between
Fish_(cryptography)
US cryptographic equipment
to failure of embassies to get updated keys and strips. Jefferson disk "M-94 Cipher Device". International Spy Museum. Retrieved 2023-02-14. Friedman
M-94_(cipher_machine)
Practice and study of secure communication techniques
polyalphabetic ciphers came more sophisticated aids such as Alberti's own cipher disk, Johannes Trithemius' tabula recta scheme, and Thomas Jefferson's wheel
Cryptography
1950s cipher machines by Crypto AG
(Hagelin) C-52 and CX-52 were cipher machines manufactured by Crypto AG starting 1951/1952. These pin-and-lug type cipher machines were advanced successors
C-52_(cipher_machine)
Algorithm for encrypting and decrypting information
In cryptography, a cipher (or cypher) is an algorithm for performing encryption or decryption—a series of well-defined steps that can be followed as a
Cipher
Rotor encryption machine
cipher machine to use electronics (vacuum tubes), apart from the British ROCKEX, which was developed during World War 2. It was also the first cipher
KL-7
Cipher method
ciphertext letter at the zenith position on the cipher (left) disk. Permute the left disk. Permute the right disk. These five steps are performed continuously
Chaocipher
designed for disk encryption. Superseded by the more secure XTS mode due to security concerns. XTS: XEX-based Tweaked CodeBook mode (TCB) with CipherText Stealing
Comparison of disk encryption software
Comparison_of_disk_encryption_software
Japanese cipher machine
Typewriter for European Characters") or Angōki Taipu-A (暗号機 タイプA; Type A Cipher Machine), codenamed Red by the United States, was a diplomatic cryptographic
Type_A_Cipher_Machine
US standard for secure communications
SCIP uses a block cipher operating in counter mode. A new Traffic Encryption Key (TEK) is negotiated for each call. The block cipher is fed a 64-bit state
Secure Communications Interoperability Protocol
Secure_Communications_Interoperability_Protocol
Use of computer hardware to assist software in the process of data encryption
processor's instruction set. For example, the AES encryption algorithm (a modern cipher) can be implemented using the AES instruction set on the ubiquitous x86
Hardware-based_encryption
Simple and widely known encryption technique
A Caesar cipher is one of the simplest and most widely known encryption techniques used in cryptography. It is a type of substitution cipher in which
Caesar_cipher
Japanese World War II cipher machine
War II cipher machine. The Imperial Japanese Navy used the machine for communications from late 1942 until 1944. JADE was similar to another cipher machine
JADE_(cipher_machine)
Secure telephone
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
STU-I
WWII-era Allied cipher system
The Combined Cipher Machine (CCM) (or Combined Cypher Machine) was a common cipher machine system for securing Allied communications during World War
Combined_Cipher_Machine
Soviet cipher machine
In cryptography, Fialka (M-125) is the name of a Cold War-era Soviet cipher machine. A rotor machine, the device uses 10 rotors, each with 30 contacts
Fialka
Secure speech system
The Secret History of the Vocoder This article, or an earlier version of it, incorporates material from Greg Goebel's Codes, Ciphers, & Codebreaking.
SIGSALY
1930s invention by Swede Boris Hagelin
C-35 and C-36 were cipher machines designed by Swedish cryptographer Boris Hagelin in the 1930s. These were the first of Hagelin's cipher machines to feature
C-36_(cipher_machine)
Wide-block cipher
Adiantum is a cipher composition for disk encryption. It uses a new cipher construction called HBSH (hash, block cipher, stream cipher, hash), specifically
Adiantum_(cipher)
Data security technology
people or processes. Disk encryption uses disk encryption software or hardware to encrypt every bit of data that goes on a disk or disk volume. It is used
Disk_encryption
Discontinued source-available disk encryption utility
were present. Two projects forked from TrueCrypt: VeraCrypt (active) and CipherShed (abandoned). TrueCrypt was initially released as version 1.0 in February
TrueCrypt
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
Controlled_Cryptographic_Item
Telephone that provides encrypted calls
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
Secure_telephone
Telephone
STU-III/Inter Working Function (IWF) STU-III/Secure Data Device (SDD) STU-III/CipherTAC 2000 (CTAC) Most STU-III units were built for use with what NSA calls
STU-III
Rotor cipher machine
The Schlüsselgerät 41 ("Cipher Machine 41"), also known as the SG-41 or Hitler mill, was a rotor cipher machine, first produced in 1941 in Nazi Germany
Schlüsselgerät_41
Electro-mechanical encryption machine
substitution into a polyalphabetic one similar to the well known Vigenère cipher, with the exception that it required no manual lookup of the keys or cyphertext
Hebern_rotor_machine
British cipher machine
Mercury was a British cipher machine used by the Air Ministry from 1950 until at least the early 1960s. Mercury was an online rotor machine descended from
Mercury_(cipher_machine)
Process of converting plaintext to ciphertext
the jumbled message to a receiver with an identical cipher. A similar device to the Jefferson Disk, the M-94, was developed in 1917 independently by US
Encryption
Standard for the encryption of electronic data
Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2001. AES is a variant of the Rijndael block cipher developed by two Belgian cryptographers, Joan Daemen and Vincent Rijmen
Advanced_Encryption_Standard
Secure voice module
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
KY-58
Free and open-source disk encryption utility
and ciphers, which boost performance on modern central processing units. VeraCrypt employs AES, Serpent, Twofish, Camellia, and Kuznyechik as ciphers. Version
VeraCrypt
Family of wideband secure voice systems
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
NESTOR_(encryption)
purchase with their names and addresses. The Code-O-Graph incorporates a cipher disk, a cryptological device, but the letters in the message were substituted
Code-O-Graph
Method of flag signaling
Benjamin F. Fisher. To overcome this problem, the Signal Corps created a cipher disk to encode messages. It is believed that the Confederates never broke
Wigwag_(flag_signals)
Italian architect and author (1404-1472)
polyalphabetic cipher, which is now known as the Alberti cipher, and machine-assisted encryption using his Cipher Disk. The polyalphabetic cipher was, at least
Leon_Battista_Alberti
Family of voice encryption devices
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
VINSON
Block cypher operating mode
a block cipher. In tweaked-codebook mode with ciphertext stealing (XTS mode), it is one of the more popular modes of operation for whole-disk encryption
Xor–encrypt–xor
Secure voice terminal
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
ANDVT
British encryption machine
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
BID/60
Characters in the Uncharted series
first meets a teenage Drake in Colombia, forcing him to give her the cipher disk he had just stolen from a museum to her, but fails to get Sir Francis
Characters of the Uncharted series
Characters_of_the_Uncharted_series
Cryptographic device
bits (determined by the machine's initial settings), as a component in a cipher machine. A pinwheel consisted of a rotating wheel with a certain number
Pinwheel_(cryptography)
Encryption technique
the principles of information theory. Digital versions of one-time pad ciphers have been used by nations for critical diplomatic and military communication
One-time_pad
Encrypted voice communication
techniques. DVP uses a self-synchronizing encryption technique known as cipher feedback (CFB). The extremely high number of possible keys associated with
Secure_voice
American radio and television series
innovative, such as the Sky King Spy-Detecto Writer, which had a decoder (cipher disk), magnifying glass, measuring scale, and printing mechanism in a single
Sky_King
Encrypted telephone system
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
Secure_Terminal_Equipment
Cipher machine
Noreen, or BID 590, was an off-line one-time tape cipher machine of British origin. As well as being used by the United Kingdom, Noreen was used by Canada
Noreen_(cipher_machine)
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
KW-37
Type of cipher
cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary building
Block_cipher
Encryption device
improved HF performance, synchronous out-of-sync detection, asynchronous cipher text, plain text, bypass, and European TELEX protocol. The KG-84 (A/C) is
KG-84
The cards were strictly accounted for. Because the KW-26 used a stream cipher, if the same key card was ever used twice, the encryption could be broken
KW-26
Device for encryption and decryption
Marks, Philip (2011). "Operational Use and Cryptanalysis of the Kryha Cipher Machine". Cryptologia. 35 (114–155): 114–155. doi:10.1080/01611194.2011
Kryha
Advanced rotor machine by Boris Hagelin
2021). "The Scandalous History of the Last Rotor Cipher Machine". IEEE. Retrieved September 15, 2021. Cipher A. Deavours; Louis Kruh (1 January 1985). Machine
HX-63
Block cipher
block cipher designed by Paul Crowley for disk encryption. The block size is 4096 bits—unusually large for a block cipher, but a standard disk sector
Mercy_(cipher)
Secure telephone
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
STU-II
Rotor cipher machine
de:Heinrich Emil Weber Geoff Sullivan and Frode Weierud: The Swiss NEMA Cipher Machine. Cryptologia, 23(4), October 1999, pp310–328. Walter Schmid: Die
NEMA_(machine)
Tactical telephone system
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
KY-68
American radio drama series
substitution cipher with a resulting numeric cipher text. This was followed the next year with a membership badge or pin that included a cipher disk - enciphering
Little Orphan Annie (radio series)
Little_Orphan_Annie_(radio_series)
Feistel network based block cipher
announced that the cipher had also been included in the FreeBSD 6.4-RELEASE. Also, support for the Camellia cipher was added to the disk encryption storage
Camellia_(cipher)
Cipher machine
Rockex, or Telekrypton, was an offline one-time tape Vernam cipher machine known to have been used by Britain and Canada from 1943. It was developed by
Rockex
American cryptography machine
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
M-325
Computer security software
the equipment and cooling systems required. Some disk encryption systems, such as VeraCrypt, CipherShed (active open source forks of the discontinued
Disk_encryption_software
The Reihenschieber (English: Row Slider) was a hand cipher system used by the German Bundeswehr. It was developed during 1957 and used until the early
Reihenschieber
with the Caesar cipher, the Affine cipher, the Keyword cipher, the Transposition cipher, the Vigenère cipher and the 2x2 Hill cipher. The part B challenges
National_Cipher_Challenge
NSA secure phone development project
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
CONDOR_secure_cell_phone
Type 1 encryption module series
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
FASCINATOR
Family of block ciphers
Speck is part of a family of lightweight block ciphers publicly released by the National Security Agency (NSA) in June 2013. Speck has been optimized
Speck_(cipher)
The Schlüsselgerät 39 (SG-39) was an electrically operated rotor cipher machine, invented by the German Fritz Menzer during World War II. The device was
Schlüsselgerät_39
attack Pass the hash Enigma machine Caesar Cipher Vigenére cipher Substitution cipher One-time pad Beale ciphers The Codebreakers Data Encryption Standard
List of cybersecurity information technologies
List_of_cybersecurity_information_technologies
US encryption machine, in use from 1943 until the 1960s
SIGCUM, also known as Converter M-228, was a rotor cipher machine used to encrypt teleprinter traffic by the United States Army. Hastily designed by William
SIGCUM
British cipher machine used by both British and Canadian governments and also by NATO. It was the first fully transistorised full-duplex online cipher machine
BID_610
Defunct American computer company
Cipher Data Products, Inc., was an American computer company based in San Diego, California, and active from 1968 to 1992. The company was once a leading
Cipher_Data_Products
Civilian organisation formed in Britain in 1938
referenced in At last, the secret history of that dead cipher pigeon...Cipher Mysteries "Cipher pigeon message - "X02" decoded!". 27 April 2013. "Wanted
National_Pigeon_Service
Software that uses cryptography
key ciphers, and data at rest generally uses symmetric key ciphers. Symmetric key ciphers can be further divided into stream ciphers and block ciphers. Stream
Encryption_software
Commanding officer of the U.S. Army Signal Corps
messages produced an immediate need for codes. Myer introduced simple cipher disks to encrypt messages. Other than the signal officer, there were no men
Chief Signal Officer of the United States Army
Chief_Signal_Officer_of_the_United_States_Army
Disk encryption software
The Linux Unified Key Setup (LUKS) is a disk encryption specification created by Clemens Fruhwirth in 2004 and originally intended for Linux. LUKS implements
Linux_Unified_Key_Setup
Secure telephone
Singlet Typex Mechanical Bazeries cylinder C-36 C-52 CD-57 Cipher disk HC-9 Kryha Jefferson disk M-94 M-209 Reihenschieber Scytale Teleprinter 5-UCO BID
Navajo_I
attack • Chosen-plaintext attack • CIKS-1 • Cipher disk • Cipher runes • Cipher security summary • CipherSaber • Ciphertext expansion • Ciphertext indistinguishability
Index of cryptography articles
Index_of_cryptography_articles
Stream ciphers
and the closely related ChaCha are stream ciphers developed by Daniel J. Bernstein. Salsa20, the original cipher, was designed in 2005, then later submitted
Salsa20
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