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Layer on the inner face of a cell membrane
The cell cortex, also known as the actin cortex, cortical cytoskeleton or actomyosin cortex, is a specialized thin layer of cross-linked actomyosins attached
Cell_cortex
Outer layer of the cerebrum of the mammalian brain
primary visual cortex. "Basic cell types", Webvision: Image of the basic cell types of the monkey cerebral cortex. Cerebral Cortex – Cell Centered Database
Cerebral_cortex
Projection neurons in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus
Pyramidal cells, or pyramidal neurons, are a type of multipolar neuron found in areas of the brain including the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and
Pyramidal_cell
Organ of the lymphatic system
network, there are follicular dendritic cells in the B cell follicle and fibroblastic reticular cells in the T cell cortex. The reticular network provides structural
Lymph_node
Structure at the rear of the vertebrate brain, beneath the cerebrum
000. The large, spherical cell bodies of Purkinje cells are packed into a narrow layer (one cell thick) of the cerebellar cortex, called the Purkinje layer
Cerebellum
Basic unit of life forms
controlling a cell's structure by directing, bundling, and aligning filaments. The outermost part of the cytoskeleton is the cell cortex, or actin cortex, a thin
Cell_(biology)
Outermost layer of an organ
functions as a site for somatic recombination of T cell receptors, and positive selection. The cerebral cortex, the outer layer of the cerebrum, plays a key
Cortex_(anatomy)
Cerebellar neural cell
Basket cells are inhibitory GABAergic interneurons of the brain, found throughout different regions of the cortex and cerebellum. Basket cells are multipolar
Basket_cell
Part of a cell's cytoplasm
cytoplasm in protists, that lies just beneath the cell membrane. In other eukaryotes it is known as the cell cortex. It contains actin filaments, allowing the
Ectoplasm_(cell_biology)
Area of the temporal lobe of the brain
function of the reelin positive cells in the layer II of the entorhinal cortex. According to this concept, these cells would be generally organized into
Entorhinal_cortex
Topics referred to by the same term
adrenal gland Cell cortex, the region of a cell directly underneath the membrane Cortex (hair), the middle layer of a strand of hair Cortex (botany), the
Cortex
Giant pyramidal neurons of the primary motor cortex
the primary motor cortex. These neurons are the largest in the central nervous system, sometimes reaching 100 μm in diameter. Betz cells are upper motor
Betz_cell
Final stage of cell division
microtubules from the spindle poles carry a furrow-inducing signal to the cell cortex, where signals from two poles are somehow focused into a ring at the
Cytokinesis
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
region of the mitotic apparatus: distribution in a human/hamster hybrid cell". Cell. 22 (2 Pt 2): 489–499. doi:10.1016/0092-8674(80)90359-1. PMID 7004645
Nuclear mitotic apparatus protein 1
Nuclear_mitotic_apparatus_protein_1
Part of the brain responsible for personality, decision-making, and social behavior
prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the anterior part of the cerebral cortex of each frontal lobe of the mammalian brain. It is the association cortex in the frontal
Prefrontal_cortex
Cell division into two identical cells
and myosin (actomyosin) into a contractile homogeneous cell cortex that 1) rigidifies the cell periphery and 2) facilitates generation of intracellular
Mitosis
Part of the brain's frontal cortex
movements. Primary motor cortex is defined anatomically as the region of cortex that contains large neurons known as Betz cells, which, along with other
Primary_motor_cortex
Mammalian structure involved in higher-order brain functions
called the neopallium, isocortex or six-layered cortex, is a set of layers of the mammalian cerebral cortex involved in higher-order brain functions such
Neocortex
Type of neuron
A grid cell is a type of neuron within the entorhinal cortex that fires at regular intervals as an animal navigates an open area, allowing it to understand
Grid_cell
Specialized neuron in the cerebellum
the cerebellar cortex of the brain. With their flask-shaped cell bodies, many branching dendrites, and a single long axon, these cells are essential for
Purkinje_cell
Region of the cerebral cortex involved in voluntary movement
cortex comprises interconnected fields on the posterior frontal lobe—chiefly Brodmann area 4 (primary motor cortex, M1) and area 6 (premotor cortex and
Motor_cortex
Family of proteins
the diffusion of molecules from one compartment of the cell to another, or in the cell cortex as a barrier to the diffusion of membrane-bound proteins
Septin
Region of the brain that processes visual information
mammals, the visual cortex of the brain is the area of the cerebral cortex that processes visual information. The visual cortex is located in the occipital
Visual_cortex
Area of the prefrontal cortex of primates
The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC or DLPFC) is an area in the prefrontal cortex of the primate brain. It is one of the most recently derived parts
Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Dorsolateral_prefrontal_cortex
Production of two daughter cells with different cellular fates
to cell size asymmetry is spindle-independent. The mechanism instead relies on the spatial and temporal organization of myosin on the cell cortex and
Asymmetric_cell_division
Cellular structure shaped like a star
Astral microtubules develop in the actin skeleton and interact with the cell cortex to aid in spindle orientation. They are organized into radial arrays
Aster_(cell_biology)
Star-shaped neurons in the central nervous system
body. These cells play significant roles in various brain functions, including inhibition in the cerebellum and excitation in the cortex, and are involved
Stellate_cell
Functional tissue of the brain
cortex different neurons occupy the different cortical layers and include the pyramidal neurons and rosehip neurons. In the cerebellum Purkinje cells
Brain_cell
All of the contents of a cell including organelles but excluding the nucleus
processes such as cell division. The concentrated inner area is called the endoplasm and the outer layer is called the cell cortex, or ectoplasm. Movement
Cytoplasm
Outer layer of a stem or root in a vascular plant
plants, the cortex occupies a larger portion of the organ's volume than in herbaceous stems. The loosely packed cells of the root cortex allow movement
Cortex_(botany)
Biological process
The development of the cerebral cortex, known as corticogenesis is the process during which the cerebral cortex of the brain is formed as part of the
Development of the cerebral cortex
Development_of_the_cerebral_cortex
Thick granular layer of the cerebellar cortex
granule cells form the thick granular layer of the cerebellar cortex and are among the smallest neurons in the brain. (The term granule cell is used for
Cerebellar_granule_cell
Biological membrane that separates the interior of a cell from its outside environment
cell membrane Cell cortex – Layer on the inner face of a cell membrane Cell damage – Damaging changes to a biological cell, including damage to cell membrane
Cell_membrane
Specific class of mammalian cortical neurons
neurons was far higher in the cortex of robust gorillas (no data for orangutans was given). An adult human had 82,855 such cells, a gorilla had 16,710, a bonobo
Von_Economo_neuron
Bipolar-shaped progenitor cells of all neurons in the cerebral cortex and some glia
neurons in the cerebral cortex. RGPs also produce certain lineages of glia, including astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Their cell bodies (somata) reside
Radial_glial_cell
Species of amoeba
(F-actin) to total actin correlate with the contractile state of the cell cortex, where an increasing F-actin/total actin ratio corresponds to isometric
Amoeba_proteus
Bulge in the plasma membrane of a cell
lab cell models using different methods. By inserting a micropipette into a cell, the cell can be aspirated rapidly until destruction of cortex-membrane
Bleb_(cell_biology)
Type of neuron with a very small cell body
bulb, and the cerebral cortex. Cerebellar granule cells account for the majority of neurons in the human brain. These granule cells receive excitatory input
Granule_cell
Protein family
(August 2002). "ERM proteins and merlin: integrators at the cell cortex". Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 3 (8): 586–99. doi:10.1038/nrm882. PMID 12154370. S2CID 26970178
ERM_protein_family
Brain cell
A simple cell in the primary visual cortex is a cell that responds primarily to oriented edges and gratings (bars of particular orientations). Torsten
Simple_cell
Endocrine gland
the volume of the cortex. In the zona fasciculata, cells are arranged in columns that are radially oriented towards the medulla. Cells contain numerous
Adrenal_gland
Part of the human brain
The premotor cortex is an area of the motor cortex lying within the frontal lobe of the brain just anterior to the primary motor cortex. It occupies part
Premotor_cortex
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
linker between plasma membrane and actin cytoskeleton. It plays a key role in cell surface structure adhesion, migration, and organization. The N-terminus domain
Ezrin
Class of enzymes
positions the spindle at the site of cytokinesis by anchoring to the cell cortex and pulling on astral microtubules emanating from centrosome. While a
Dynein
Protein found in humans
gene was identified by its ability to suppress the tumorigenicity of Hela cells in nude mice. The protein encoded by this gene contains a C-terminal region
DENN domain-containing protein 2B
DENN_domain-containing_protein_2B
Scientific concept related to the somatic motor system
Memory cells are found in the primary motor cortex (M1), a region located in the posterior portion of the frontal lobe of the brain. Their behavior is
Memory_cells_(motor_cortex)
Protein found in humans
results from mutation in any one of several genes encoding proteins of the red cell membrane skeleton. The form discussed here is the one found in the 1950s
Protein_4.1
Hypothetical neuron that responds to a single concept
Visual neurons in the inferior temporal cortex of the monkey fire selectively to hands and faces. These cells are selective in that they do not fire for
Grandmother_cell
Part of the brain
those of the motor cortex (the premotor cortex, the nonprimary motor cortex, the primary motor cortex) and the prefrontal cortex (e.g., the dorsolateral
Frontal_lobe
Genus of single-celled organisms
their test. These plates are located outside alveolar vesicles of the cell cortex, and contain both organic and inorganic components, the latter of which
Coleps
Protein and coding gene in humans
important role in ERBB2-dependent stabilization of microtubules at the cell cortex. A recent study shows that RhoA-Rho kinase signaling mediates thrombin-induced
Transforming_protein_RhoA
Protein found in humans
microtubules to the cell cortex in animals and plants. CLASPs, such as CLASP1, interact with CLIPs (e.g., CLIP1). In animal cells, CLASP1 is involved
CLASP1
Topics referred to by the same term
Memory cell may refer to: Memory cells (motor cortex), found in the primary motor cortex (M1), a region located in the posterior portion of the frontal
Memory_cell
Network of filamentous proteins that forms the internal framework of cells
matrix – Fibrillar network lying on nuclear membrane Cell cortex – Layer on the inner face of a cell membrane This article incorporates text available
Cytoskeleton
Protein found in humans
percent of all proteins in the cytosol of brain cells. It is expressed highly in neurons within the frontal cortex, hippocampus, striatum, and olfactory bulb
Alpha-synuclein
The list of human cell types provides an enumeration and description of the various specialized cells found within the human body, highlighting their
List_of_human_cell_types
Cortex of the adrenal gland
The adrenal cortex is the outer region and also the largest part of the adrenal gland. It is divided into three separate zones: zona glomerulosa, zona
Adrenal_cortex
Portion of the mammalian cerebral cortex
The insular cortex (also insula and insular lobe) is a portion of the cerebral cortex folded deep within the lateral sulcus (the fissure separating the
Insular_cortex
Protein-coding gene in humans
the 3 Gi alpha subunits, this protein has an important role in inhibitory cell signaling for many hormones and neurotransmitters, such as adrenaline and
GNAI1
Species of single-celled organism
extremely variable. It is a colourless species, with no pigmentation in the cell cortex. The body of the organism is covered with 40-80 longitudinal rows of
Stentor_roeselii
Part of the human brain
The posterior parietal cortex (the portion of parietal neocortex posterior to the primary somatosensory cortex) plays an important role in planned movements
Posterior_parietal_cortex
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
spectrin, a cytoskeletal protein involved in forming the actin cellular cortex. A number of promoter and enhancer regions have been identified that mediate
Activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein
Activity-regulated_cytoskeleton-associated_protein
52 distinct regions of the brain's cerebral cortex
cerebral cortex, in the human or other primate brain, defined by its cytoarchitecture, or histological structure and organization of cells. The concept
Brodmann_area
Sensory system used for smelling
"Parallel Mitral and Tufted Cell Pathways Route Distinct Odor Information to Different Targets in the Olfactory Cortex". Journal of Neuroscience. 32
Olfactory_system
Brain cell involved in visual processing
cells can be found in the primary visual cortex (V1), the secondary visual cortex (V2), and Brodmann area 19 (V3). Like a simple cell, a complex cell
Complex_cell
Part of the nervous system
senses: the somatosensory cortex, the visual cortex, the auditory cortex, the primary olfactory cortex, and the gustatory cortex. Other modalities have corresponding
Sensory_nervous_system
1939 biology book by Ernest Everett Just
suggests that "Just’s theorizing on the cell cortex [in this work] was unsurpassed". "The biology of the cell surface, by Ernest Everett Just". Biodiversity
The Biology of the Cell Surface
The_Biology_of_the_Cell_Surface
One of three gyri of the temporal lobe of the brain
Research into the single-cell understanding of the IT cortex reveals many compelling characteristics of these cells: single-cells with similar selectivity
Inferior_temporal_gyrus
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
limits experience-driven visual cortex plasticity. In mutant mice, non-functional NgR resulted in enhancement of visual cortex plasticity after the critical
Reticulon_4_receptor
Chandelier cells or chandelier neurons are a subset of GABAergic cortical interneurons. They are described as parvalbumin-containing and fast-spiking
Chandelier_cell
Cell that guides radial neuronal migration
molecularly distinct reelin-producing cells. They are found in the marginal zone/layer I of the developing cerebral cortex and in the immature hippocampus of
Cajal–Retzius_cell
Primary cell of the nervous system
Basket cells, interneurons that form a dense plexus of terminals around the soma of target cells, found in the cortex and cerebellum Betz cells, large
Neuron
Brain area
prefrontal cortex, rostrolateral prefrontal cortex, or anterior prefrontal cortex) is the anterior-most portion of the prefrontal cortex in the human
Brodmann_area_10
progenitor cells (IPCs) are a type of progenitor cell in the developing cerebral cortex. They are multipolar cells produced by radial glial cells who have
Intermediate_progenitor_cell
Type of dendrite found at the apex of cortical pyramidal cell pathways
the cortices. Pyramidal cells are found in the prefrontal cortex, the hippocampus, the entorhinal cortex, the olfactory cortex, and other areas. Dendrite
Apical_dendrite
Process in embryonic development
are regulators of actomyosin contraction in cells. The arrangement of actin and myosin in the cell cortex and the way they generate force can vary across
Invagination
Neuron in the cerebral cortex used for visual processing
A hypercomplex cell (currently called an end-stopped cell) is a type of visual processing neuron in the mammalian cerebral cortex. Initially discovered
Hypercomplex_cell
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
promotes disassembly of actin filament structures and loss of cell adhesion". The Journal of Cell Biology. 141 (1): 187–97. doi:10.1083/jcb.141.1.187. PMC 2132722
Rnd3
Organ central to the nervous system
extraordinary: for example, if a pyramidal cell (an excitatory neuron) of the cerebral cortex were magnified so that its cell body became the size of a human body
Brain
addition of tubulin at the plus end, or it may balance microtubules at the cell cortex. Many mechanisms of regulation are not fully understood. In mitosis,
Microtubule plus-end tracking protein
Microtubule_plus-end_tracking_protein
Region of the prefrontal cortex of the brain
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is a prefrontal cortex region in the frontal lobes of the brain which is involved in the cognitive process of decision-making
Orbitofrontal_cortex
Mammalian protein found in humans
erased associative memories for conditioned taste aversion in the insular cortex, up to 3 months after training. The protein also seems to be involved, through
Protein_kinase_C_zeta_type
Type of neuron
A fork cell, also known as a fork neuron, is a type of neuron found in the human brain, located in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and frontoinsular
Fork_cell
Protein found in humans
Willebrand/Integrin A Domains: Widely Dispersed Domains with Roles in Cell Adhesion and Elsewhere". Mol. Biol. Cell. 13 (10): 3369–87. doi:10.1091/mbc.E02-05-0259. PMC 129952
Hemicentin_1
Protein found in humans
regulatory protein is involved in the regulation of smooth and non-muscle cell contraction, and is activated by phosphorylation. Myosin light chain Myosin
Myosin regulatory light chain 12A
Myosin_regulatory_light_chain_12A
Protein-coding gene in humans
gene. Heterotrimeric G proteins transduce extracellular signals received by cell surface receptors into integrated cellular responses. GPSM2 belongs to a
GPSM2
Tubular structure to conduct male gametes of plants to the female gametes
"Class II formin targeting to the cell cortex by binding PI(3,5)P2is essential for polarized growth". The Journal of Cell Biology. 198 (2): 235–250. doi:10
Pollen_tube
Species of single-celled organism
harbors approximately 700 cells of zoochlorellae (green algae) from the genera Chlorella or Micractinium under its cell cortex, forming endosymbionts. The
Paramecium_bursaria
Structure in the brain
is a thin sheet of neurons and supporting glial cells in the brain that connects to the cerebral cortex and subcortical regions including the amygdala
Claustrum
Taxon of protozoans with hair-like organelles called cilia
the cell cortex. Others are the alveoli, small vesicles under the cell membrane that are packed against it to form a pellicle maintaining the cell's shape
Ciliate
Neural structure
mitral cells and GABAergic granule cells are also permeated by dendrites from neurons called mitral cells, which in turn output to the olfactory cortex. Numerous
Olfactory_bulb
Protein found in humans
Two alternative transcripts of PSEN2 have been identified. In melanocytic cells PSEN2 gene expression may be regulated by MITF. PSEN2 has been shown to
Presenilin-2
Family of RISC-based computer architectures
CPUs: Cortex-A5, Cortex-A7, Cortex-A32, Cortex-A34, Cortex-A35, Cortex-A53, Cortex-R5, Cortex-R8, Cortex-R52, Cortex-M0, Cortex-M0+, Cortex-M3, Cortex-M4
ARM_architecture_family
Body parts responsible for vision
cornea and lens) and the neural system (including the retina and visual cortex). The visual system performs a number of complex tasks based on the image
Visual_system
Japanese embryologist and cell biologist
of cytokinesis, in which interaction of spindle microtubules with the cell cortex determines the position of the cleavage furrow. Katsuma Dan was professor
Katsuma_Dan
Cell type with a single axon and many dendrites
the cortex of the brain and the spinal cord. Peripherally, multipolar neurons are found in autonomic ganglia. Dogiel cells Ganglion cell Purkinje cell Pyramidal
Multipolar_neuron
Central organ of the human nervous system
of the cortex is made up of astrocyte endfeet processes that serve in part to contain the cells of the brain. Mast cells are white blood cells that interact
Human_brain
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
contractile ring protein that cycles from the nucleus to the cell cortex". The Journal of Cell Biology. 131 (1): 165–78. doi:10.1083/jcb.131.1.165. PMC 2120607
ANLN
associated with the cortical actin cytoskeleton structures in terminal web, cell-cell adhesion sites as well as stress fibres. It is expressed in a variety
Ankycorbin
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
(2015). "Mechanism and regulation of cytoplasmic dynein". Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology. 31: 83–108. doi:10.1146/annurev-cellbio-100814-125438
DCTN1
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CELL CORTEX
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