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Heat required to raise the temperature of a given unit of mass of a substance
In thermodynamics, the specific heat capacity (symbol c) of a substance is the amount of heat that must be added to one unit of mass of the substance in
Specific_heat_capacity
The table of specific heat capacities gives the volumetric heat capacity as well as the specific heat capacity of some substances and engineering materials
Table of specific heat capacities
Table_of_specific_heat_capacities
Physical property of matter
intensive property is the specific heat capacity, found by dividing the heat capacity of an object by its mass. Dividing the heat capacity by the amount of substance
Heat_capacity
Thermodynamic quantity
the heat capacity ratio, also known as the adiabatic index, the ratio of specific heats, or Laplace's coefficient, is the ratio of the heat capacity at
Heat_capacity_ratio
Intensive quantity, heat capacity per amount of substance
Alternatively, it is the heat capacity of a sample of the substance divided by the amount of substance of the sample, or the specific heat capacity of the substance
Molar_heat_capacity
Thermal quality
cubic meter, J⋅K−1⋅m−3. The volumetric heat capacity can also be expressed as the specific heat capacity (heat capacity per unit of mass, in J⋅K−1⋅kg−1) times
Volumetric_heat_capacity
Comparison of a wide range of specific heat capacities
This is a table of specific heat capacities by magnitude. Unless otherwise noted, these values assume standard ambient temperature and pressure. Lasance
Orders of magnitude (specific heat capacity)
Orders_of_magnitude_(specific_heat_capacity)
Model of a crystalline solid
the specific heat problem in classical mechanics. The original theory proposed by Einstein in 1907 has great historical relevance. The heat capacity of
Einstein_solid
Thermodynamic phase transition energy
latent heat of vaporization falls to zero. Bowen ratio Eddy covariance flux (eddy correlation, eddy flux) Sublimation (physics) Specific heat capacity Enthalpy
Latent_heat
Method in physics
phonon contribution to the specific heat (heat capacity) in a solid. It treats the vibrations of the atomic lattice (heat) as phonons in a box in contrast
Debye_model
Use of thermal energy storage in building design
"It [thermal mass] is dependent on the relationship between the specific heat capacity, density, thickness and conductivity of a material" although they
Thermal_mass
Pad used for warming of parts of the body in order to manage pain
a container with a material that has a high specific heat capacity, which then gradually releases the heat over time. A hot water bottle is the most familiar
Heating_pad
Thermodynamic process in which pressure remains constant
m}\end{aligned}}} where cP is molar heat capacity at a constant pressure. To find the molar specific heat capacity of the gas involved, the following equations
Isobaric_process
interest. Heat Heat capacity Heat capacity ratio Heat equation Heat transfer coefficient Latent heat Specific heat capacity Specific melting heat Temperature
Heat_capacity_rate
Enthalpy change when a substance melts
latent heat of fusion or heat of fusion, of a substance is the change in its enthalpy resulting from providing energy, typically heat, to a specific quantity
Enthalpy_of_fusion
Properties independent of system size, and proportional to system size
specific gravity) melting point and boiling point molality, m or b molar mass, M molar volume, Vm pressure, p refractive index specific heat capacity
Intensive and extensive properties
Intensive_and_extensive_properties
Physical constant equivalent to the Boltzmann constant, but in different units
{\displaystyle R_{\text{specific}}=c_{P}-c_{V},} where cP is the specific heat capacity for a constant pressure and cV is the specific heat capacity for a constant
Gas_constant
Measure of temperature relative to absolute zero
increase in temperature; that is, they have different specific heat capacities. High specific heat capacity arises, in part, because certain substances' molecules
Thermodynamic_temperature
Superfluid transition temperature of helium-4
derives from the graph (pictured) that results from plotting the specific heat capacity as a function of temperature (for a given pressure in the above
Lambda_point
Type of energy transfer
capacity is the heat capacity per unit amount (SI unit: mole) of a pure substance, and the specific heat capacity, often called simply specific heat,
Heat
Quotient of a quantity by mass
mass Specific heat capacity, heat capacity per unit mass, unless another unit is named, such as mole-specific heat capacity, or volume-specific heat capacity
Specific_quantity
Equations definiting head capacities in thermodynamics
In thermodynamics, the heat capacity at constant volume, C V {\displaystyle C_{V}} , and the heat capacity at constant pressure, C P {\displaystyle C_{P}}
Relations between heat capacities
Relations_between_heat_capacities
Heat exchanged by a body or thermodynamic system
may be calculated as the product of the body's mass (m) with its specific heat capacity (c) and the change in temperature ( Δ T {\displaystyle \Delta T}
Sensible_heat
Thermodynamic process of a closed system in which volume remains constant
now gives d U = d Q {\displaystyle dU=dQ} Using the definition of specific heat capacity at constant volume, cv = (dQ/dT)/m, where m is the mass of the gas
Isochoric_process
Theorem in classical statistical mechanics
to derive the ideal gas law, and the Dulong–Petit law for the specific heat capacities of solids. The equipartition theorem can also be used to predict
Equipartition_theorem
Chemical data page
2003; Section 4, Properties of the Elements and Inorganic Compounds; Heat Capacity of the Elements at 25 °C As quoted at http://www.webelements.com/ from
Heat capacities of the elements (data page)
Heat_capacities_of_the_elements_(data_page)
Speed that exceeds five times the speed of sound (Mach 5 and above)
speeds where specific heat capacity changes with the temperature of the flow as the kinetic energy of the moving object is converted into heat. Hypersonic
Hypersonic_speed
Solid-state physics effect
physics where the specific heat capacity of a solid at low temperature has a peak. It is called anomalous because the heat capacity usually increases
Schottky_anomaly
Physical and chemical properties of pure water
use for retarding food spoilage. The specific heat capacity of ice at −10 °C is 2030 J/(kg·K) and the heat capacity of steam at 100 °C is 2080 J/(kg·K)
Properties_of_water
Partial differential equation describing the evolution of temperature in a region
proportionality factor called the specific heat capacity of the material. By the combination of these observations, the heat equation says the rate u ˙ {\displaystyle
Heat_equation
Change in enthalpy during an acid-base reaction
Q=mc_{p}\Delta T} where m is the mass of the solution, cp is the specific heat capacity of the solution, and ∆T is the temperature change observed during
Enthalpy_of_neutralization
include the specific heat capacity, thus allowing the calculation of the mixing temperature of different substances. If the heat capacities are not constant
Richmann's_law
Branch of physics
particles). The energy storage (sensible heat) associated with each carrier is quantified by the specific heat capacity at either constant volume or constant
Heat_transfer_physics
Chinese artist
Central Academy of Fine Arts (CAFA) in 2013. In 2012, he released The Specific Heat Capacity of Love and Xiao Chou Dan Ni (a.k.a. Joker Danny). Xiao Chou Dan
Old_Xian
Thermodynamic process
{\displaystyle \gamma } is the ratio of the heat capacity at constant pressure ( C P {\displaystyle C_{P}} ) to heat capacity at constant volume ( C V {\displaystyle
Polytropic_process
Organic compound ethane-1,2-diol
glycol lowers the specific heat capacity of water mixtures relative to pure water. A 1:1 mix by mass has a specific heat capacity of about 3140 J/(kg·°C)
Ethylene_glycol
Metal alloy
μΩ-cm at 20°C 2.70 μΩ-in at 68 °F Latent heat (heat of fusion) 110 J/g 4.7 × 10−5 BTU/lb Specific heat capacity 419 J/kg-°C 0.100 BTU/lb-°F Coefficient
Zamak
Alloy of iron and carbon
decorative castings. Grey cast iron's high thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity are often exploited to make cast iron cookware and disc brake rotors
Gray_iron
Electrical conductor used to make contact with nonmetallic parts of a circuit
compounds over manganese-based compounds are their high specific heat capacity, high volumetric heat capacity, low self-discharge rate, high discharge voltage
Electrode
Delayed temperature response
thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity, where the latter is the product of density and specific heat capacity: r = k ρ c {\displaystyle r={\sqrt
Thermal_inertia
Measure of energy in a thermodynamic system
{p}}\,\mathrm {d} T+V(1-\alpha T)\,\mathrm {d} p,} where Cp is the heat capacity at constant pressure, and α is the coefficient of (cubic) thermal expansion:
Enthalpy
Minimization of heat transfer
(ρ) and specific heat capacity (c). Thermal conductivity k is measured in watts-per-meter per kelvin (W·m−1·K−1 or W/(m·K)). This is because heat transfer
Thermal_insulation
Soft colorless solid derived from petroleum, coal or shale oil
excellent material for storing heat, with a specific heat capacity of 2.14–2.9 J⋅g−1⋅K−1 (joules per gram per kelvin) and a heat of fusion of 200–220 J⋅g−1
Paraffin_wax
Equation describing a state of matter under a given set of conditions
{\displaystyle C_{v}} is the specific heat capacity at constant volume, and C p {\displaystyle C_{p}} is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure. Since
Equation_of_state
Thermodynamic process
idealizable as reversible is slow heat transfer between two bodies on two finitely different temperatures, where the heat transfer rate is controlled by
Quasistatic_process
Concept in thermodynamics and fluid mechanics
stagnation streamline Substituting for enthalpy by assuming a constant specific heat capacity at constant pressure ( h = C p T {\displaystyle h=C_{p}T} ) we have:
Stagnation_temperature
Engine combustion process
{\displaystyle {\frac {V_{1}}{V_{2}}}} γ {\displaystyle \gamma } is ratio of specific heats (Cp/Cv) The cut-off ratio can be expressed in terms of temperature as
Diesel_cycle
Substance used to reduce or regulate the temperature of a system
high specific latent heat of boiling/condensing phase change, the enthalpy of vaporization, in addition to the fluid's non-phase-change heat capacity. Refrigerants
Coolant
Mathematical model which approximates the behavior of real gases
{c}}_{V}nRT} where U is the internal energy ĉV is the dimensionless specific heat capacity at constant volume, approximately 3/2 for a monatomic gas, 5/2
Ideal_gas
Observational basis of thermodynamics
various parameters for thermodynamic processes, such as thermodynamic work and heat, and establish relationships between them. They state empirical facts that
Laws_of_thermodynamics
vaporisation (energy needed to vaporise water) is much larger than the specific heat capacity (energy to raise the temperature of water by one degree), relatively
Hopper_cooling
Rate at which heat spreads throughout a material
conductivity divided by density and specific heat capacity at constant pressure. It is a measure of the rate of heat transfer inside a material and has
Thermal_diffusivity
Method to calculate rate of heat transfer in heat exchangers
{\displaystyle c_{p}} is the fluid specific heat capacity at constant pressure. Note that in this formulation the specific heat capacities of the fluids are considered
NTU_method
Equations in thermodynamics
T}}={\frac {L}{T\Delta v}}} The Mayer relation states that the specific heat capacity of a gas at constant volume is slightly less than at constant pressure
Thermodynamic_equations
Heat capacity of an electron gas
physics the electronic specific heat, sometimes called the electron heat capacity, is the specific heat of an electron gas. Heat is transported by phonons
Electronic_specific_heat
Physical quantity representing energy content per unit mass
heat and other thermodynamic properties of substances such as specific internal energy, specific enthalpy, specific Gibbs free energy, and specific Helmholtz
Specific_energy
and likewise, in formal thermodynamics, systems do not contain heat, but can transfer heat. Informally, however, a difference in the energy of a system
List of thermodynamic properties
List_of_thermodynamic_properties
Device for measuring a physical quantity
amount of that sample. For the ranges of specific heat capacities see: Orders of magnitude (specific heat capacity) Dilatometer Strain gauge Differential
List_of_measuring_instruments
Metallic palladium
metallic property is the electronic heat coefficient γ. This coefficient depends on the density of states. For pure Pd the heat coefficient is 9.5 mJ(mol⋅K2)
Palladium_hydride
Parameter used to calculate the volume change of a fluid or solid in response to pressure
{1}{\beta _{T}}}+{\frac {\Lambda ^{2}T}{\rho c_{v}}},} where γ is the heat capacity ratio, α is the volumetric coefficient of thermal expansion, ρ = N/V
Compressibility
Function describing equilibrium states of a system
contrast, mechanical work and heat are process quantities or path functions because their values depend on a specific "transition" (or "path") between
State_function
Thermodynamic process with no change in enthalpy
surroundings. Such a process will be isenthalpic if there is no transfer of heat to or from the surroundings, no work done on or by the surroundings, and
Isenthalpic_process
Lowest temperature at which a substance spontaneously combusts
} where k = thermal conductivity, ρ = density, and c = specific heat capacity of the material of interest, T 0 {\displaystyle T_{0}} is the initial
Autoignition_temperature
Chemical compound
into a bun-like shape. Its specific heat capacity is 982 J/(kg⋅K), which is roughly one quarter of that for water, but heat transfer is higher over a temperature
Sodium–potassium_alloy
Thermoanalytical technique
signals. The reversing heat flow is related to the changes in specific heat capacity (→ glass transition) while the non-reversing heat flow corresponds to
Differential scanning calorimetry
Differential_scanning_calorimetry
Extensive parameter used to describe a thermodynamic system's state
amount than in the constant-volume case and a different heat capacity value is required. Specific volume ( ν {\displaystyle \nu } ) is the volume occupied
Volume_(thermodynamics)
Property of a thermodynamic system
perfect behaviour were not observed since they are very small and the specific heat capacity of water is relatively high. Much later, in 1925 Frederick Keyes
Internal_pressure
Primary traditional home of the Navajo people
night, due to the high specific heat capacity of the earth in the construction. The rounded shape of the dome also helps conserve heat during the cold winters
Hogan
control. With a high specific heat capacity, the surface absorbs heat from the glass; because of the relatively slow flow of heat through the glass, it
Marver
System that converts heat or thermal energy to mechanical work
can be any system with a non-zero heat capacity, but it usually is a gas or liquid. During this process, some heat is normally lost to the surroundings
Heat_engine
Substance with high latent heat of melting or solidifying
of fusion is generally much larger than the specific heat capacity, meaning that a large amount of heat energy can be absorbed while the matter remains
Phase-change_material
Practice of walking over hot embers or stones
density, specific heat capacity, and thermal conductivity. The square root of the product of thermal conductivity, density, and specific heat capacity is called
Firewalking
Measure of a cooling system's ability to remove heat
the cooling capacity [kW] m ˙ {\displaystyle {\dot {m}}} is the mass rate [kg/s] C p {\displaystyle C_{p}} is the specific heat capacity [kJ/kg K] Δ T
Cooling_capacity
Energy contained within a system
T\right)V\operatorname {d} P,} where it is assumed that the heat capacity at constant pressure is related to the heat capacity at constant volume according to C P = C V
Internal_energy
Parameter in atmospheric modeling
{\displaystyle R_{d}} is the specific gas constant for dry air; c p {\displaystyle c_{p}} is the specific heat capacity of dry air at constant pressure;
Exner_function
Volume of fluid which passes per unit time
flow respectively, to distinguish from the notation Q {\displaystyle Q} for heat. Volumetric flow rate can also be defined by Q = v ⋅ A , {\displaystyle Q=\mathbf
Volumetric_flow_rate
Property of a thermodynamic system
{\frac {T}{T_{0}}}} provided that the constant-pressure molar heat capacity (or specific heat) C P {\textstyle C_{\mathrm {P} }} is constant and that no
Entropy
Physics of heat, work, and temperature
leading scientists of the time. The fundamental concepts of heat capacity and latent heat, which were necessary for the development of thermodynamics
Thermodynamics
Technologies to store thermal energy
heat. A disadvantage of SHS is its dependence on the properties of the storage medium. Storage capacities are limited by the specific heat capacity of
Thermal_energy_storage
Ratio of thermal diffusivity to mass diffusivity
density, Dim is the mixture-averaged diffusion coefficient, cp is the specific heat capacity at constant pressure. In the field of fluid mechanics, many sources
Lewis_number
Empirical thermodynamic law
Alexis Thérèse Petit had found in 1819 that the heat capacity per weight (the mass-specific heat capacity) for 13 measured elements was close to a constant
Dulong–Petit_law
Variation on the Rankine thermodynamic cycle
installed capacity and 698 identified power plants worldwide. Among them, the most widespread and promising fields are the following: Waste heat recovery
Organic_Rankine_cycle
Linked cyclic series of thermodynamic processes
adiabatic (no heat nor mass exchange) and reversible. Isenthalpic : The process that proceeds without any change in enthalpy or specific enthalpy. Polytropic :
Thermodynamic_cycle
Equation of the state of a hypothetical ideal gas
constant. Under these conditions, p1V1γ = p2V2γ, where γ is defined as the heat capacity ratio, which is constant for a calorifically perfect gas. The value
Ideal_gas_law
Non-hypothetical gases whose molecules occupy space and have interactions
following must be taken into account: compressibility effects; variable specific heat capacity; van der Waals forces; non-equilibrium thermodynamic effects; issues
Real_gas
Thermodynamic cycle
given portion of air, the greater expansion ratio converts more energy from heat to useful mechanical energy—meaning the engine is more efficient. The disadvantage
Atkinson_cycle
Quantifiable conditions of a thermodynamic system at a specific time
thermodynamics, a thermodynamic state of a system is its condition at a specific time; that is, fully identified by values of a suitable set of parameters
Thermodynamic_state
British chemist and physician
the specific heat capacity of substances and the heat of chemical reactions. In his influential 1779 book "Experiments and Observations on Animal Heat",
Adair_Crawford
Topics referred to by the same term
(probability) Orders of magnitude (radiation) Orders of magnitude (specific heat capacity) Orders of magnitude (speed) Orders of magnitude (temperature) Orders
Orders of magnitude (disambiguation)
Orders_of_magnitude_(disambiguation)
Thermodynamic process in which temperature remains constant
the reservoir through heat exchange (see quasi-equilibrium). In contrast, an adiabatic process is where a system exchanges no heat with its surroundings
Isothermal_process
Performance measure of a device that uses thermal energy
refrigerator, ACs etc. For a heat engine, thermal efficiency is the ratio of the net work output to the heat input; in the case of a heat pump, thermal efficiency
Thermal_efficiency
Heat exchangers used for cooling internal combustion engines
can take advantage of the specific heat of vaporization, which in the case of water is five times the specific heat capacity in the liquid form. Additional
Radiator_(engine_cooling)
Graph relating temperature and entropy during a thermodynamic process or cycle
visualize the heat transfer during a process. For reversible (ideal) processes, the area under the T–s curve of a process is the heat transferred to
Temperature–entropy_diagram
point in kelvin (K) (sources) Boiling point in kelvin (K) (sources) Heat capacity (sources) Electronegativity by Pauling (source) Abundance of elements
List_of_chemical_elements
Aluminum alloy with magnesium and silicon
Aluminum Association. It has generally good mechanical properties and is heat treatable and weldable. It is similar to the British aluminium alloy HE9
6063_aluminium_alloy
Thermodynamic cycle
Performance, Combustion and Emission Characteristics of a Turbocharged Low Heat Rejection DI Diesel Engine with Extended Expansion Concept". SAE Technical
Miller_cycle
the term heat capacity, named and first investigated by Scottish chemist Joseph Black in the 1750s. In the mid- to late 19th century, heat became understood
History_of_thermodynamics
French scientist (1785–1838)
elasticity of steam, conduction of heat, and specific heats of gases. He worked most extensively on the specific heat capacity and the expansion and refractive
Pierre_Louis_Dulong
Absorption refrigerator invented in 1930
has no moving parts, operates at constant pressure, and requires only a heat source to operate. It was jointly invented in 1926 by Albert Einstein and
Einstein_refrigerator
Tank used for storing hot water for heating or domestic use
has a high specific heat capacity and also a high volumetric heat capacity. This means, compared to other substances, it can store more heat per unit of
Hot_water_storage_tank
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SPECIFIC HEAT-CAPACITY
SPECIFIC HEAT-CAPACITY
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived on a heath (Middle English hethe, Old English hǣð) or a habitational name from any of the numerous places, for example in Bedfordshire, Derbyshire, Herefordshire, Shropshire, and West Yorkshire, named with this word. The same word also denoted heather, the characteristic plant of heathland areas. This surname has also been established in Dublin since the late 16th century.
Boy/Male
Christian & English(British/American/Australian)
From Heath or Moorland
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a herdsman in charge of cattle or a nickname for someone thought to resemble an ox or a cow, from Middle English neat ‘ox’, ‘cow’ (Old English nēat). The modern English adjective neat (via French from Latin nitidus ‘clean’, ‘shining’) does not occur before the 16th century, after the main period of surname formation.
Girl/Female
Arabic
Precious; Lord of Specific Wood
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Heart Beat
Male
Egyptian
, ("heart"); an early Egyptian astronomer.
Female
Egyptian
, the sister of the royal scribe User-hat.
Female
Egyptian
, Gold of Heart.
Female
Egyptian
, house above.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Heart
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly Nottinghamshire)
English (chiefly Nottinghamshire) : metonymic occupational name for a grower or seller of wheat, from Old English hwǣte ‘wheat’ (a derivative of hwīt ‘white’, because of its use in making white flour).
Boy/Male
Tamil
Hayagriv | ஹயாகà¯à®°à®¿à®µ
One of krishnas incarnations. specific to education
Hayagriv | ஹயாகà¯à®°à®¿à®µ
Surname or Lastname
English (Devon)
English (Devon) : nickname from Middle English hext ‘tallest’, ‘highest’ (Old English hēhst, superlative of hēah ‘high’).
Female
Egyptian
, the daughter of Petemet and the lady Hemsuisi.
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly Kent)
English (chiefly Kent) : from Middle English heved ‘head’, applied as a nickname for someone with some peculiarity or disproportion of the head, or a topographic name for someone who lived on a hill or at the head of a stream or valley. This surname has long been established in Ireland.
Surname or Lastname
English (chiefly Lancashire)
English (chiefly Lancashire) : habitational name from Heap Bridge in Lancashire, or a topographic name for someone who lived by a hill or heap, from Old English hēap ‘heap’, ‘mound’, ‘hill’.
Boy/Male
Hindu
One of krishnas incarnations. specific to education
Boy/Male
Indian, Sanskrit
Calmed; Pacific Sea
Girl/Female
Indian, Marathi
Our Heart Beat
Male
English
English surname transferred to forename use, HEATH means "heath."
SPECIFIC HEAT-CAPACITY
SPECIFIC HEAT-CAPACITY
SPECIFIC HEAT-CAPACITY
SPECIFIC HEAT-CAPACITY
SPECIFIC HEAT-CAPACITY
SPECIFIC HEAT-CAPACITY
SPECIFIC HEAT-CAPACITY
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