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Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Replication termination factor 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RTF2 gene. The RTF2 protein is a DNA binding protein that research suggests
Replication termination factor 2
Replication_termination_factor_2
Protein signal which causes the release of transcribed RNA at a stop codon
In molecular biology, a termination factor is a protein that mediates the termination of RNA transcription by recognizing a transcription terminator and
Termination_factor
DNA replication in eukaryotic organisms
Eukaryotic DNA replication is a conserved mechanism that restricts DNA replication to once per cell cycle. Eukaryotic DNA replication of chromosomal DNA
Eukaryotic_DNA_replication
DNA replication in prokaryotes
other bacteria show many similarities. Replication is bi-directional and originates at a single origin of replication (OriC). It consists of three steps:
Prokaryotic_DNA_replication
Biological process
elongation and termination. For a cell to divide, it must first replicate its DNA. DNA replication is an all-or-none process; once replication begins, it
DNA_replication
Human chromosome
RTFDC1: encoding protein Replication termination factor 2 SCAMP2: encoding protein Secretory carrier-associated membrane protein 2 SCAMP5: encoding protein
Chromosome_15
Protein complex
interacts with PCNA to attach to the replication fork. The CAF-1 complex adds the histones to the DNA ahead of the replication fork. A mutation in p150 that
Chromatin_assembly_factor_1
Type of chromosome
bacteria chromosome replication is best understood in the well-studied bacteria Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. Chromosome replication proceeds in three
Circular_chromosome
Process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA
are seen in DNA replication. This also removes the need for an RNA primer to initiate RNA synthesis, as is the case in DNA replication. The non-template
Transcription_(biology)
Molecular complex
bidirectional replication. The two replisomes continue replication at both forks in the middle of the cell. Finally, as the termination site replicates, the two
Replisome
Bacteriophage that infects Escherichia coli
lysogenic cycle). The O and P proteins initiate replication of the phage chromosome (see "Lytic Replication"). Q, another antiterminator, binds to Qut sites
Lambda_phage
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
motif common to several proteins involved in initiation of DNA replication". Gene. 149 (2): 311–314. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90167-8. PMID 7959008. Wortman
PURA
Sequence in a genome
The origin of replication (also called the replication origin) is a particular sequence in a genome at which replication is initiated. Propagation of the
Origin_of_replication
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcription termination factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TTF1 gene. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000125482 – Ensembl, May
Transcription termination factor, RNA polymerase I
Transcription_termination_factor,_RNA_polymerase_I
Molecular structure formed in DNA transcription
DNA replication origins were hypothesized to be promoters for the 2-double-Ψ-β-barrel (2-DPBB) domains of RNAP. Replication was initiated using 2-DPBB
Transcription_bubble
Transcription is heterocatalytic function of DNA
needs a specific transcription termination factor. The mechanism used bears some resemblance to the rho-dependent termination in prokaryotes. Eukaryotic cells
Eukaryotic_transcription
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
ATP-dependent DNA helicase in humans that is a part of the TFIIH transcription factor complex. The 3D-structure of the archaeal homolog of XPB has been solved
ERCC3
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Mitochondrial transcription termination factor 1, also known as MTERF1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the MTERF gene. This gene encodes a
MTERF1
Cellular process of protein synthesis
termination, and recycling. Initiation involves the small subunit of the ribosome binding to the 5' end of mRNA with the help of initiation factors.
Translation_(biology)
DNA that does not code for proteins
synthesis. In most cases, replication proceeds in both directions from the replication origin. The main features of replication origins are sequences where
Non-coding_DNA
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
in the replication of HIV-1, as HIV-1 needs a delicate balance of spliced and unspliced forms of its viral DNA. ASF/SF2 action in the replication of HIV-1
Serine/arginine-rich splicing factor 1
Serine/arginine-rich_splicing_factor_1
Virus classification system made by David Baltimore
mechanisms to replicate their genome. A widely used method is bidirectional replication, in which two replication forks are established at a replication origin
Baltimore_classification
Protein-coding gene in humans
is chromatin-associated throughout the cell cycle, localizes to DNA replication sites, and interacts with DNA polymerase epsilon". Nucleic Acids Res
POLE_(gene)
Family of viruses
available to create a capsid around the newly replicated genome, the virus undergoes replication. After replication, the P, L, and M proteins participate in
Pneumoviridae
Species of virus
templates for replication, as well as maintaining the nucleic integrity of the stem region of the stem-loop. The termination of the replication sequence has
Porcine_circovirus
Protein synthesis process in bacteria
ribosome. A third release factor RF-3 catalyzes the release of RF-1 and RF-2 at the end of the termination process. The post-termination complex formed by the
Bacterial_translation
Family of viruses in the order Mononegavirales
rough endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex. Viral replication is cytoplasmic. The replication cycle is the same for most rhabdoviruses. All components
Rhabdoviridae
Group of proteins
content (cell cycle phase), or in relation to initiation and termination of DNA replication during S-phase, can be measured by flow cytometry. Kaposi sarcoma
Cyclin
Process in genetics
transcript (then the RNA polymerase) and termination of transcription. Rho-dependent termination: ρ factor (rho factor) is a terminator protein that attaches
Bacterial_transcription
replicates from a single origin of replication. replisome The entire complex of molecular machinery that carries out the process of DNA replication,
Glossary of cellular and molecular biology (M–Z)
Glossary_of_cellular_and_molecular_biology_(M–Z)
Form of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II
homodimers). General transcription factors (GTFs) or basal transcription factors are protein transcription factors that have been shown to be important
RNA_polymerase_II_holoenzyme
Catalase-positive bacterium
chromosomal replication, and the functioning of the Krebs cycle. Once B. subtilis commits to sporulation, the sigma factor sigma F is secreted. This factor promotes
Bacillus_subtilis
Enzyme
T7 mediates DNA replication in very similar manner to higher organisms, T7 system is generally simpler compared to other replication systems. In addition
T7_DNA_polymerase
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
factor, also known as THO complex subunit 4, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ALYREF gene. The ALYREF gene encodes Aly/REF export factor
ALYREF
Natural regrowth of damaged liver tissue
of cell division cycles and expansion. Termination phase is coordinated by TGF-β (transforming growth factor beta) that is responsible for stopping the
Liver_regeneration
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
surveillance complex interacts with the translation release factors to enhance termination and degrade aberrant mRNAs". Genes Dev. 12 (11): 1665–77. doi:10
UPF1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
is chromatin-associated throughout the cell cycle, localizes to DNA replication sites, and interacts with DNA polymerase ε". Nucleic Acids Res. 31 (19):
POLE2
Species of virus
process of DNA replication. At this time, the mechanisms behind the entry of SPLCV into host cells are unclear. One aspect of the replication process of the
Sweet_potato_leaf_curl_virus
Family of viruses
be packaged and circularizes during DNA replication. The phycodnaviruses have compact genomes for replication efficiency with approximately one gene per
Phycodnaviridae
elongation factor - peptide elongation factor tu - peptide fragment - peptide initiation factor - peptide receptor - peptide termination factor - peripheral
Index of biochemistry articles
Index_of_biochemistry_articles
Mechanism of gene expression regulation
DNA replication and induce DNA breaks. Lack of coupling produces premature transcription termination, likely due to increased binding of termination factor
Transcription-translation coupling
Transcription-translation_coupling
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the small histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H4J
information into capsids. SF5 contains a Bacterial Rho factor that works to regulate transcription termination as well as removing RNA polymerase. SF6 contains
RNA_helicase
Species of virus
follow the same replication cycle that all poxviruses use. Poxvirus is unique from other DNA viruses in respect to its locale of replication in the cell.
Turkeypox_virus
Cytoplasmic biomolecular condensates of proteins and RNA occurring in cells under stress
of translation elongation and termination factors precedes assembly of stress granules in S. cerevisiae". PLOS ONE. 8 (2) e57083. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...857083G
Stress_granule
Infectious agent that replicates in cells
the viral genomic nucleic acid. Replication of viruses involves primarily multiplication of the genome. Replication involves the synthesis of viral messenger
Virus
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
DNA damage response. R loops may arise from replication stress, such as when transcription and replication occur at the same time at a certain loci. This
SETX
Class of enzymes
presence of PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen), RFC (replication factor C) and RPA (replication protein A). Either DNA polymerase epsilon or DNA polymerase
DNA_polymerase_epsilon
Protein found in humans
Zhang SJ, Zhang P, Toomey NL, Lee MY (Dec 1997). "Identification of DNA replication and cell cycle proteins that interact with PCNA". Nucleic Acids Research
RNA_Helicase_A
1995–96 Marvel comic book crossover
X-Ternals, Generation Next, Astonishing X-Men, Amazing X-Men, Weapon X, Factor X, X-Man and X-Universe. The event was bookended by two one shots, X-Men
Age_of_Apocalypse
mutated tRNA which can bind with a termination codon on mRNA; b) a mutation on ribosomes decreasing the effect of a termination codon. It is believed that nonsense
Nonsense_suppressor
Condition in which the value of a measurement or observation is only partially known
analysis of the data from replicate tests includes both the times-to-failure for the items that failed and the time-of-test-termination for those that did not
Censoring_(statistics)
Non-coding region of the mitochondrial DNA
mitochondrial replication and transcription, influencing mitochondrial function. The mtDNA control region contains essential binding sites for factors that maintain
MtDNA_control_region
Genetic mutation not inherited from a parent
severe and often lead to early termination of translation aka a nonsense mutations can arise spontaneously during DNA replication or repair, particularly in
De_novo_mutation
Genus of viruses
cell factors.[citation needed] Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows
Tobamovirus
Control mechanism in the eukaryotic cell cycle
of DNA replication and division. The three pocket proteins are Retinoblastoma (Rb), p107, and p130, which bind to the E2F transcription factors to prevent
Cell_cycle_checkpoint
Large-cap American stock market index
United States Securities and Exchange Commission. March 22, 2012. "Termination of Trading, Conversion and Delisting of Standard-Size Standard and Poor's
S&P_500
Region of non-coding DNA that regulates the transcription of neighboring genes
regulate gene transcription by binding to transcription factors. A single transcription factor may bind to many CREs, and hence control the expression
Cis-regulatory_element
Family of viruses
antigenome synthesis. Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by viral attachment to host cell. Replication and transcription follow
Paramyxoviridae
Pathogenic type of misfolded protein
the kinetic parameters of prion replication". Biophysical Chemistry. 77 (2–3): 139–152. doi:10.1016/S0301-4622(99)00016-2. PMID 10326247. Knowles TP, Waudby
Prion
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H3F
Protein-coding gene in humans
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CPSF4 gene. Inhibition of the nuclear export of
CPSF4
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H4C
Three-stranded nucleic acid structure
and can block replication forks to induce fork collapse and subsequent double-strand breaks. R-loops may also induce unscheduled replication by acting as
R-loop
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the small histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H3I
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H4D
Protein complex assembled on mRNA
complete when the ribosome reaches a termination codon. In NMD, the mRNA transcript contains a premature termination codon (PTC) due to a nonsense mutation
Exon_junction_complex
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H3E
Concept in computer science
what transactions to commit to a database in which order, state machine replication, and atomic broadcasts. Real-world applications often requiring consensus
Consensus_(computer_science)
Replacement, insertion, or deletion of a single DNA or RNA nucleotide
and function. Point mutations usually take place during DNA replication. DNA replication occurs when one double-stranded DNA molecule creates two single
Point_mutation
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome
Histone_H2B_type_1-C
Are a class of bacterial replicons (replicating DNA molecules)
amount of time to finish replication. For this reason, replication of the chromid is delayed to coordinate replication termination between the chromosome
Secondary_chromosome
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome
Histone_H3.1
Long non-coding RNA transcribed from telomeres
stalling to allow for progression of replicative machinery. Additionally, replication fork stalling and SMG factor recruitment may also aid in telomerase
Telomeric repeat–containing RNA
Telomeric_repeat–containing_RNA
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the small histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H3H
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Redistribution of BRCA1 among four different protein complexes following replication blockage". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (42): 38549–54. doi:10.1074/jbc.M105227200
POLR2A
Type of viruses that cause gastroenteritis
virus transcription is the method of replication. Translation takes place by leaky scanning and RNA termination-reinitiation. Humans and other mammals
Norovirus
Protein found in humans
the human RCC1 gene involved in coupling between DNA replication and mitosis". Genomics. 11 (2): 459–61. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90156-9. PMID 1769659
RCC1
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
heterochromatin, the CHAMP1 complex responds dynamically to replication stress. Upon stalling of replication forks, the complex is transiently recruited to these
CHAMP1
be used to study the influence of R-loops in other processes like DNA replication and synthesis. Indirectly, DRIP-seq can be performed on mutant cell lines
DRIP-seq
American geneticist and molecular biologist (born 1930)
for his demonstration, with Franklin Stahl, of semi-conservative DNA replication. After completing his Ph.D. under Linus Pauling at the California Institute
Matthew_Meselson
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H4H
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H4B
Statistical analysis where the sample size is not fixed in advance
size estimates will lead to a significant effect, and the subsequent termination of a trial. Methods to correct effect size estimates in single trials
Sequential_analysis
Sendai virus, virus of rodents
engineering. SeV replication occurs exclusively in the cytoplasm of the host cell. The virus is using its own RNA polymerase. One replication cycle takes approximately
Murine_respirovirus
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
dimers combine within larger enzymatic complexes for DNA transcription, replication, and packaging. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000115350 – Ensembl
POLE4
Drug discovery
features the main sites for viral replication and assembly. This mechanism is thought to be independent of RNA replication, but seems to be affected by NS5A
Discovery and development of NS5A inhibitors
Discovery_and_development_of_NS5A_inhibitors
Protein-coding gene in humans
enrichment in highly proliferative cell populations. Cleavage stimulation factor 2 is encoded by an X-chromosomal gene and is transcriptionally silenced during
CSTF2
Species of bacterium
encodes its own replication machinery, so that it does not depend on its host to possess the necessary proteins and assorted factors. Gene promoters are
Synechocystis_sp._PCC_6803
Sequence of DNA that determines traits in an organism
cell division: replication origins, telomeres, and the centromere. Replication origins are the sequence regions where DNA replication is initiated to
Gene
Species of virus
only 28% effective. [2] Important control factors in Australia and Fiji such as proper inspection and isolation or termination of diseased plants has
Fiji_disease_virus
Process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms
DNA replication to occur, a replication fork is created by enzymes called helicases which unwind the DNA helix. Topoisomerases at the replication fork
Biosynthesis
Human protein-coding gene
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the small histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H3J
Addition of adenylic acids to 3' end of mature mRNA
all eukaryotic mRNAs are polyadenylated, with the exception of animal replication-dependent histone mRNAs. These are the only mRNAs in eukaryotes that
Polyadenylation
Enzyme
Sisodia SS, Michaelis S (August 1998). "Dual roles for Ste24p in yeast a-factor maturation: NH2-terminal proteolysis and COOH-terminal CAAX processing"
Zinc_metalloproteinase_STE24
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the large histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H4G
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Transcripts from this gene lack polyA tails but instead contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is found in the small histone gene cluster on chromosome
HIST1H4K
Protein-coding gene in humans
from this gene lack polyA tails; instead, they contain a palindromic termination element. This gene is located separately from the other H3 genes that
HIST3H3
Study of DNA modifications that do not change its sequence
couples gene transcription to DNA replication. In Gammaproteobacteria, adenine methylation provides signals for DNA replication, chromosome segregation, mismatch
Epigenetics
directionality - DLG2-AS1 - DNA ligase -DNA Bank - DNA polymerase - DNA replication - DNA sequencing - DNase - dominant - dot blot - double helix - downstream
Index of molecular biology articles
Index_of_molecular_biology_articles
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REPLICATION TERMINATION-FACTOR-2
REPLICATION TERMINATION-FACTOR-2
REPLICATION TERMINATION-FACTOR-2
REPLICATION TERMINATION-FACTOR-2
REPLICATION TERMINATION-FACTOR-2
REPLICATION TERMINATION-FACTOR-2
REPLICATION TERMINATION-FACTOR-2
REPLICATION TERMINATION-FACTOR-2
REPLICATION TERMINATION-FACTOR-2
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