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Section of a polymer whose repetition would reproduce the polymer chain
A repeat unit or repeating unit , or mer, is a part of a polymer whose repetition would produce the complete polymer chain (except for the end groups)
Repeat_unit
Substance composed of macromolecules with repeating structural units
simple example is polyethylene ('polythene' in British English), whose repeat unit or monomer is ethylene. Many other structures do exist; for example,
Polymer
Polysaccharide gum used as a food additive and thickener
building the pentasaccharide repeat unit. This links the synthesis of xanthan to carbohydrate metabolism. The repeat units are built up at undecaprenylphosphate
Xanthan_gum
Repeating sequences of 2–13 base pairs of DNA
slippage results in a change of just one repeat unit, and slippage rates vary for different allele lengths and repeat unit sizes, and within different species
Microsatellite
Category of polymers, in which the monomers are joined together by ester links
category of polymers that contain one or two ester linkages in every repeat unit of their main chain. As a specific material, it most commonly refers
Polyester
Building block of a polymer chain
polymerized into a long chain. There may be more than one structural unit in the repeat unit. When different monomers are polymerized, a copolymer is formed
Structural_unit
Repetitive DNA with distinct base composition
observed between microsatellite alleles are generally multiples of the repeat unit length. Satellite DNA adopts higher-order three-dimensional structures
Satellite_DNA
Number of monomeric units in a macromolecule or polymer
number of monomeric units. Some authors, however, define DP as the number of repeat units, where for copolymers the repeat unit may not be identical
Degree_of_polymerization
Polymer derived from more than one species of monomer
comprising many units, that has at least one feature which is not present in the adjacent portions. A possible sequence of repeat units A and B in a triblock
Copolymer
Single chain manganese inosilicate (MnSiO3)
oxide. The inosilicate (chain silicate) structure of rhodonite has a repeat unit of five silica tetrahedra. The rare polymorph pyroxmangite, formed at
Rhodonite
Adjacent repeated pattern of nucleotides within DNA
repeats. When much larger lengths of nucleotides are repeated, on the order of 1,000 nucleotides, it is called a macrosatellite. When the repeat unit
Tandem_repeat
Family of DNA sequences found in prokaryotic organisms
molecules subsequently processed into unit-length small RNAs, plus some longer forms of 2, 3, or more spacer-repeat units. In 2005, Barrangou discovered that
CRISPR
Protein family
These tandem repeats commonly fold together to form a solenoid protein domain, termed leucine-rich repeat domain. Typically, each repeat unit has beta strand-turn-alpha
Leucine-rich_repeat
Biological DNA analysis for allele repeats
samples. A short tandem repeat is a microsatellite with repeat units that are 2 to 7 base pairs in length, with the number of repeats varying among individuals
STR_analysis
Linear polymer whose repeat units have regularly-branching side chains
each repeat unit of the linear backbone, dendrons are attached. A dendron is a regularly-branched, tree-like polymer, itself consisting of repeat units. If
Dendronized_polymer
Nucleotide duplications created by DNA polymerase during DNA replication
one or more units. In long repeats, expansions may involve two or more units. For example, insertion of a single repeat unit in GAGAGA expands the sequence
Slipped_strand_mispairing
Semi-crystalline high-temperature plastic in the Nylon family
Polyphthalamide TPA/hexamethylenediamine (6T) repeat unit Polyphthalamide TPA/methylpentanediamine (DT) repeat unit If more than 55% of the acid part of a PPA
Polyphthalamide
sheet-like monomolecular macromolecule consisting of laterally connected repeat units with end groups along all edges. This recent definition of 2DP is based
Two-dimensional_polymer
Chemical compound
fishing rods, tennis rackets and bicycle frames. It is a component repeat unit in several important copolymers, such as styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN)
Polyacrylonitrile
Copolymer
of the two PEG blocks is 101 repeat units, while the approximate length of the propylene glycol block is 56 repeat units. This particular compound is
Poloxamer_407
Patterns of nucleic acids that occur in multiple copies throughout the genome
Repeated sequences (also known as repetitive elements, repeating units or repeats) are short or long patterns that occur in multiple copies throughout
Repeated_sequence_(DNA)
Mathematical theory
increase or decrease by a single repeat unit at a fixed rate (i.e. by the addition or subtraction of one repeat unit per generation) and these changes
Stepwise_mutation_model
Functional group at the extremity of an oligomer or other macromolecule
repeat unit by the number of protons continued in the repeat unit. For this case, Xn = n = 100/2, and therefore Xn = 50, or there are 50 repeat units
End_group
Polymer resin widely used in packaging
polybutadiene. S represents in the figure the styrene repeat unit B the butadiene repeat unit. However, the middle block often does not consist of such
Polystyrene
Copolymers found in some bacteria
have identified a few more enzymes that attach unique sugars to the WTA repeat units. A set of enzymes and transporters named DltABCE that adds alanines to
Teichoic_acid
1996 studio album by Slipknot
Mate. Feed. Kill. Repeat. is the independent debut album recorded by the American heavy metal band Slipknot, and their only release with original lead
Mate._Feed._Kill._Repeat.
Sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) compound
response in many fishes, similar to hypoxanthine-3N-oxide. The basic repeat unit synthesised by the CHSY/CHPF heterocomplex is (GlcAβ1,3GlcNAcβ1,4)n.
Chondroitin_sulfate
Chemical compound
batch process. Also, the chlorine on the phenyl ring of the parylene C repeat unit is problematic for RoHS compliance, especially for the printed circuit
Parylene
Elastomer composed of silicone
as polyethylene. A C–C backbone unit has a bond length of 1.54 Å and a bond angle of 112°, whereas an Si–O backbone unit has a bond length of 1.63 Å and
Silicone_rubber
Topics referred to by the same term
a team in the Philippine Basketball Association Mer, a synonym for repeat unit in chemistry Mer, a type of geometric isomer of octahedral complexes
Mer
Relative conformational uniformity of repeating units in a macromolecule
configuration relative to the preceding unit. Monotactic macromolecules have one stereoisomeric atom per repeat unit,[not verified in body] ditactic to n-tactic
Tacticity
Dipolar ion polymer
ammonium and a negatively charged sulfonate group within one constitutional repeat unit. In recent years, polysulfobetaines have received increasing attention
Polysulfobetaine
Chemical substance
the name implies, the ethoxylation process leaves the molecule with 20 repeat units of polyethylene glycol; in practice these are distributed across 4 different
Polysorbate_20
Ring molecule able to store other molecules within itself
year 2000. To date cucurbiturils composed of 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, and 14 repeat units have all been isolated, which have internal cavity volumes of 82, 164
Cucurbituril
Association between genetics and ALS
have fewer than 25 repeat units, while people with ALS due to a mutation in C9orf72 tend to have hundreds or thousands of repeat units. It is not clear
Genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Genetics_of_amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis
in both coding and non-coding genomic sequences. Repetitive units of protein tandem repeats are considerably diverse, ranging from the repetition of a
Protein_tandem_repeats
Family of modified resins (polyphenylenes with polystyrene)
compatibility in Noryl resins is due to the presence of a benzene ring in the repeat units of both chains. The addition of polystyrene to PPE increases the glass
Noryl
Central computer component that executes instructions
A central processing unit (CPU), also known as a central processor, main processor, or simply processor, is the primary processor in a given computer.
Central_processing_unit
Highly flammable compound
nitrocellulose is a nitrate ester, not a nitro compound. The glucose repeat unit (anhydroglucose) within the cellulose chain has three OH groups, each
Nitrocellulose
Macromolecule
infection, particularly when the virus attaches with ACE2. The basic repeat unit synthesised by the EXT1/EXT2 heterocomplex is (GlcAβ1,4GlcNAcα1,4)n.
Heparan_sulfate
Polymer harvested from certain trees
strain crystallizes. Because there are weakened allylic C–H bonds in each repeat unit, natural rubber is susceptible to vulcanisation as well as being sensitive
Natural_rubber
Idealization in polymer thermodynamics
considerably. For an actual homopolymer chain (consists of the same repeat units) with bond length l {\displaystyle l} and bond angle θ with a dihedral
Kuhn_length
Chemical compound
are available depending on the level of ethoxylation performed, with repeat units (n) of polyethylene glycol varying between 2 and 20. Commercially it
Polyethylene glycol cetyl ether
Polyethylene_glycol_cetyl_ether
Mineral
structure is chains of SiO4 tetrahedra with repeat unit of three tetrahedra, unlike the pyroxenes where the repeat unit is two. Ca++ and Mn++ are positioned
Bustamite
sequences and structures to find, characterize and annotate protein tandem repeats. Fournier D, Palidwor GA, Shcherbinin S, Szengel A, Schaefer MH, Perez-Iratxeta
List of protein tandem repeat annotation software
List_of_protein_tandem_repeat_annotation_software
Polymer made of repeating –C≡C– units
an allotrope of carbon that has the chemical structure (−C≡C−)n as a repeat unit, with alternating single and triple bonds. It would thus be the ultimate
Linear_acetylenic_carbon
Short protein motif that forms a solenoid domain
The WD40 repeat (also known as the WD or beta-transducin repeat) is a short structural motif of approximately 40 amino acids, often terminating in a tryptophan-aspartic
WD40_repeat
Sapphirine supergroup, single chain inosilicate mineral
Na2Fe2+5TiSi6O20 and its structure consists of single tetrahedral chains with a repeat unit of four and complex side branches. It forms brown to black triclinic
Aenigmatite
Polymer containing many ionic or ionizable functional groups
(iono- + -mer) is a polymer composed of repeat units of both electrically neutral repeating units and ionized units covalently bonded to the polymer backbone
Ionomer
Protein domain
An armadillo repeat is a characteristic, repetitive amino acid sequence of about 42 residues in length that is found in many proteins. Proteins that contain
Armadillo_repeat
Chemical compound
ethoxylation of dodecanol (lauryl alcohol) to give a material with 8 repeat units of ethylene glycol. Pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether, C12E5 "Octaethyleneglycol
Octaethylene glycol monododecyl ether
Octaethylene_glycol_monododecyl_ether
Large ring molecules made of mainly inorganic and metal atoms
heteroatoms in the ring. Classically, metallacrowns contain an [M–N–O] repeat unit in the macrocycle. First discovered by Vincent L. Pecoraro and Myoung
Metallacrown
Cleavage of C=C, C≡C, or N=N bonds with ozone
the structure of some polyolefins. Early experiments showed that the repeat unit in natural rubber was shown to be isoprene. Ozonolysis can be a serious
Ozonolysis
Large molecule with an end-group enabling it to polymerize
undergo further polymerization. Macromonomers will contribute a single repeat unit to a chain of the completed macromolecule. Several macromonomers have
Macromonomer
Organic Polymer
effective conjugation extended over 11 repeat units, while later studies increased this estimate to 20 units. Using the absorbance and emission profile
Polythiophene
Chemical compound
Polyethylenimine (PEI) or polyaziridine is a polymer with repeating units composed of the amine group and two carbon aliphatic CH2CH2 spacers. Linear
Polyethylenimine
Protein domain
The ankyrin repeat is a 33-residue motif in proteins consisting of two alpha helices separated by loops, first discovered in signaling proteins in yeast
Ankyrin_repeat
Androgen and anabolic steroid
PEP is a linear polymer of on average 13 repeat units of estradiol phosphate. Each individual estradiol unit in the molecule is connected by its C3 and
Polytestosterone phloretin phosphate
Polytestosterone_phloretin_phosphate
the polymer, and the electrostatic repulsion between the individual repeat units of the polymer. It has been suggested that a polyelectrolyte chain will
Polyelectrolyte_adsorption
Chemical group (>N–C(=O)–O–)
the carbamate anion H2NCOO− (e.g. ammonium carbamate). Polymers whose repeat units are joined by carbamate like groups −NH−C(=O)−O− are an important family
Carbamate
Organic compound with multiple –OH groups
These have 2, 3 and 4 carbon atoms respectively per oxygen atom in the repeat unit. Polycaprolactone polyols are also commercially available. There is also
Polyol
Class of chemical compounds
imide subunits, i.e., the polyimides. One example is Kapton where the repeat unit consists of two imide groups derived from aromatic tetracarboxylic acids
Imide
Market-research tool describing the total volume of consumer product purchases per year
per unit time (usually taken to be one year). On the right-hand-side, the first parentheses describes trial volume, and the second describes repeat volume
Fourt–Woodlock_equation
Chemical compound
functional antiandrogenic effects due to its estrogenic activity. A single repeat unit of PEP, corresponding to estradiol phosphate (minus OH2), is of about
Polyestradiol_phosphate
Synthetic materials with properties similar to natural resins
other synthetics, however, it has a simple chain structure with the repeat unit of form −[CH2O]−. Ion-exchange resins are used in water purification
Synthetic_resin
Protein tandem repeat
The tetratricopeptide repeat (TPR) is a structural motif. It consists of a degenerate 34 amino acid tandem repeat identified in a wide variety of proteins
Tetratricopeptide_repeat
Nontransparent thermosetting polymer
polymer consists of [(O)CNHCH2NH]n repeat units. In contrast, melamine-formaldehyde resins feature NCH2OCH2N repeat units. Depending on the polymerization
Urea-formaldehyde
Vaccine research organisation
These oligosaccharides mimic the carbohydrate epitopes present in longer repeat units found in bacterial capsular polysaccharides. In addition, chemical linkers
Hilleman_Laboratories
Cracks in many different elastomers due to ozone attack
most sensitive to degradation. Every repeat unit in the first three materials has a double bond, so every unit can be degraded by ozone. Nitrile rubber
Ozone_cracking
Polymerization process involving free radicals as repeating units
polymer forms by the successive addition of a radical to building blocks (repeat units). Radicals can be formed by a number of different mechanisms, usually
Radical_polymerization
Chemical compound
chemical reaction of dodecanol (lauryl alcohol) to give a material with 5 repeat units of ethylene glycol. Within the study of biological membranes and cell
Pentaethylene glycol monododecyl ether
Pentaethylene_glycol_monododecyl_ether
biodegradable polymers characterized by anhydride bonds that connect repeat units of the polymer backbone chain. Their main application is in the medical
Polyanhydride
Protein family
corresponds to a 4-stranded anti-parallel beta-sheet motif that forms the repeat unit in a super-barrel structural fold commonly known as a beta propeller
Kelch_motif
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
variants that encode different isoforms by using the two downstream repeat units as splice donor sites have been described. An antiviral function has
IFI6
Ester of an estrogen
a polymer, with an average polymer chain length of approximately 13 repeat units of estradiol phosphate. It is slowly cleaved into estradiol and phosphoric
Estrogen_ester
Oxidation usually occurs at the tertiary carbon atom present in every repeat unit. A free radical is formed here, and then reacts further with oxygen,
Twinwall_plastic
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
highlight is for Beta Sheet). LOC105377021 has a prominent, C-terminus repeat of serine residues, potentially for disulfide bonding. One disulfide bond
LOC105377021
Polymer produced via a condensation reaction
of nylon 66, the polymerization produces two molecules of water per repeat unit: n H2N-X-NH2 + n HO2C-Y-CO2H → [HN-X-NHC(O)-Y-C(O)]n + (2n-1) H2O Another
Condensation_polymer
Repetitive DNA sequence
STR regions. Gel electrophoresis then "yields the number of times each repeat unit appears in the fragment." This allows for easy comparison of DNA. Y-STR
Y-STR
Check the validity of a logic formula
be satisfied, false otherwise. function DP-SAT(Φ) repeat // unit propagation: while Φ contains a unit clause {l} do for every clause c in Φ that contains
Davis–Putnam_algorithm
Audio effects unit
replay heads and selector switch, and a feedback loop for a variable echo-repeat effect. Watkins' shop sold the entire first production run of 100 Copicats
Watkins_Copicat
Chemical compound
Parsol SLX by DSM. The backbone chain is mainly composed of siloxane repeat units, and is of low molecular weight, so being classed as an oligomer. Parsol
Polysilicone-15
DNA structure
are highly variable, along with inverted-repeat Z-DNA structures within a larger 2.1kb satellite DNA repeat unit. Additionally, H-DNA has been shown to
Triple-stranded_DNA
Changeable segments of genetic material
instability of these sequences. Such changes often involve one or two repeat unit additions or deletions and can interact with telomeres, affecting chromosomal
Unstable_DNA_sequence
Protein family
function in export of the colanic acid repeat unit from the cytoplasm into the periplasm in a process analogous to O-unit export. The colanic acid gene clusters
Outer membrane polysaccharide transporter
Outer_membrane_polysaccharide_transporter
Units that are not part of a coherent system
of the listed units are approximate or vaguely defined. Some are odd multiples or fractions of a base unit. The ligne is a French unit of length that
List of non-coherent units of measurement
List_of_non-coherent_units_of_measurement
Organic compound of the form >C=C=O
and bis-ketenes (O=C=CH−R'−CH=C=O) react to yield polyesters with a repeat unit of (−O−R−O−CO−R'−CO). The Staudinger synthesis is used to synthesize
Ketene
capillary electrophoresis devices. From this size estimate, the number of repeat units at each locus can be deduced. The resulting information is a code which
Multiple_loci_VNTR_analysis
Scale for measuring spiciness of peppers
spiciness of chili peppers and other substances, recorded in Scoville heat units (SHU). It is based on the concentration of capsaicinoids, among which capsaicin
Scoville_scale
Data transmission and error correction protocol
Selective Repeat ARQ or Selective Reject ARQ is a specific instance of the automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocol used to manage sequence numbers and
Selective_Repeat_ARQ
Chemical reaction between ethylene oxide and substrate
difficult to control and leading to the formation of a product with varying repeat unit length (the value of n in the equation above). Better control can be
Ethoxylation
Plasma membrane found in gram-negative bacteria
not yet fully understood. The lipid A-core moiety and the O-antigen repeat units are synthesized at the cytoplasmic face of the inner membrane and are
Bacterial_outer_membrane
DNA mutation involving an increase in number of trinucleotide repeats
A trinucleotide repeat expansion, also known as a triplet repeat expansion, is the DNA mutation responsible for causing any type of disorder categorized
Trinucleotide repeat expansion
Trinucleotide_repeat_expansion
Surface coating protein of trypanosome
unusual proteins with extensive tandem repeat units of glutamic acid (E) and proline (P), referred to as EP repeats (EP1, EP1-2, EP2, EP2-1, EP3, EP3-2,
Procyclin
Type of porous material
reaction conditions of Suzuki coupling for the formation of a biphenyl repeat unit for CMPs include the palladium catalyzed cross-coupling of an organo-boron
Conjugated microporous polymer
Conjugated_microporous_polymer
Type of synthetic rubber formed from the polymerization of butadiene
and toughness. Because the chains have a double bond in each and every repeat unit, the material is sensitive to ozone cracking. The annual production of
Polybutadiene
Genes coding for ribosomal RNA
copies of the 45S rDNA transcriptional unit, spread across five chromosomes with nucleolus organizer regions. The repeat clusters are located on the acrocentric
Ribosomal_DNA
Specialized DNA sequence of a chromosome that links a pair of sister chromatids
the sequence within individual repeat elements is similar but not identical. In humans, the primary centromeric repeat unit is called α-satellite (or alphoid)
Centromere
Group of crystalline polar polymers that are also ferroelectric
other. PVDF molecules contain two hydrogen and two fluorine atoms per repeat unit, so they have a choice of multiple conformations. However, rotational
Ferroelectric_polymer
Material composed of at least two polymers mixed together
polymers in noryl is caused by the presence of an aromatic ring in the repeat units of both chains. polyethylene terephthalate (PET) – polybutylene terephthalate
Polymer_blend
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