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In fiber optic technology, a reference surface is that surface of an optical fiber that is used to contact the transverse-alignment elements of a component
Reference_surface
Reference surface for vertical positions
hydrography and navigation, vertical datum or altimetric datum is a reference coordinate surface used for vertical positions, such as the elevations of Earth-bound
Vertical_datum
Geographic coordinate specifying north-south position
approximate the geoid by a mathematically simpler reference surface. The simplest choice for the reference surface is a sphere, but the geoid is more accurately
Latitude
System to specify locations on Earth
spatial reference system (SRS) or coordinate reference system (CRS) is a framework used to precisely measure locations on, or relative to, the surface of Earth
Spatial_reference_system
Series of personal computers, tablets and interactive whiteboards by Microsoft
models (Surface RT and Surface 2) ran on ARM32, and a select handful of models starting with the Surface Pro X in 2019 run on ARM64. The Surface line has
Microsoft_Surface
Two-dimensional manifold
surfaces arise as graphs of functions of two variables; see the figure at right. However, surfaces can also be defined abstractly, without reference to
Surface_(topology)
Amount of evaporation
evapotranspiration is calculated at a nearby climatic station on a reference surface, conventionally on land dominated by short grass (though this may
Potential_evapotranspiration
Body of salt water covering most of Earth
The ocean's surface is an important reference point for oceanography and geography, particularly as mean sea level. The ocean surface has globally little
Ocean
Fundamental concept of classical mechanics
geodesic motion in spacetime. Due to Earth's rotation, its surface is not an inertial frame of reference. The Coriolis effect can deflect certain forms of motion
Inertial_frame_of_reference
Reference frame for measuring location
geodetic reference datum, geodetic reference system, or geodetic reference frame, or terrestrial reference frame) is a global datum reference or reference frame
Geodetic_datum
Concept in classical mechanics
of a rotating reference frame is the surface of the Earth. All non-inertial reference frames exhibit fictitious forces; rotating reference frames are characterized
Rotating_reference_frame
Abstract coordinate system
observational frame of reference centered at a point on the Earth's surface. This frame of reference orbits around the center of the Earth, which introduces the
Frame_of_reference
hyperelliptic surface, or bi-elliptic surface, is a minimal surface whose Albanese morphism is an elliptic fibration without singular fibres. Any such surface can
Hyperelliptic_surface
Third planet from the Sun
being an ocean world, the only one in the Solar System sustaining liquid surface water. Almost all of Earth's water is contained in its ocean, which covers
Earth
Point of reference against which some others are calculated
such as a point, line, plane, hole, set of holes, or pair of surfaces. It serves as a reference in defining the geometry of the object and (often) in measuring
Datum_reference
Geometric figure which approximates the Earth's shape
are two types of ellipsoid: mean and reference. A data set which describes the global average of the Earth's surface curvature is called the mean Earth
Earth_ellipsoid
Science of measuring the shape, orientation, and gravity of Earth
("real") surface. The reference ellipsoid, however, has many possible instantiations and is not readily realizable, so it is an abstract surface. The third
Geodesy
Ocean shape without winds and tides
force than the surrounding areas. The geoid in turn serves as a reference coordinate surface for various vertical coordinates, such as orthometric heights
Geoid
Shape of the ocean surface relative to the geoid
Ocean surface topography or sea surface topography, also called ocean dynamic topography, are highs and lows on the ocean surface, similar to the hills
Ocean_surface_topography
Tendency of a liquid surface to shrink to reduce surface area
Surface tension is the energy per unit area due to having a surface in a liquid. It has the dimension of force per unit length, or energy per unit area
Surface_tension
Annual tennis tournament held in Paris
currently held on this surface. Until 1975, the French Open was the only major tournament not played on grass. Due to the clay surface characteristics favoring
French_Open
1986 studio album by Surface
Surface is the debut studio album from the band of the same name. Three years after releasing the midtempo boogie track "Falling in Love" on Salsoul,
Surface_(Surface_album)
Largest dwarf planet
New Horizons, indicating that its surface is less than 10 million years old. Latest studies have shown that the surface has an age of 180000+90000 −40000
Pluto
Height of a geographic location above a fixed reference point
fixed reference point, most commonly a reference geoid, a mathematical model of the Earth's sea level as an equipotential gravitational surface (see Geodetic
Elevation
Flat surface used as a reference plane
A surface plate is a solid, flat plate used as the main horizontal reference plane for precision inspection, marking out (layout), and tooling setup. The
Surface_plate
Altitude above geoid or mean sea level
vertical distance along the plumb line from a point of interest to a reference surface known as the geoid, the vertical datum that approximates mean sea
Orthometric_height
Setting for pressure altimeters
aircraft above a known reference surface. This reference can be the mean sea level pressure (QNH), the pressure at a nearby surface airport (QFE), or the
Altimeter_setting
Surface conductivity is an additional conductivity of an electrolyte in the vicinity of the charged interfaces. Surface and volume conductivity of liquids
Surface_conductivity
American football player (born 1983)
interception, Rodgers expressed frustration by throwing down a Microsoft Surface tablet. The Packers ended up losing the game 29–37. On December 3, 2015
Aaron_Rodgers
Position along a vertical direction above or below a given vertical datum
plumb line direction) above or below a given vertical datum (a reference level surface, such as mean sea level). Vertical distance or vertical separation
Vertical_position
Force resisting sliding motion
Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding or grinding against each other. Types
Friction
also References External links absolute location The particular location of a point on Earth's surface that can be expressed by a grid reference such
Glossary of geography terms (A–M)
Glossary_of_geography_terms_(A–M)
Software environment vulnerable to attack
The attack surface of a software environment is the sum of the different points (for "attack vectors") where an unauthorized user (the "attacker") can
Attack_surface
American low observable air-launched cruise missile
The AGM-158 Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile (AGM-158 JASSM, colloquially pronounced "jass-em"[citation needed]) is a low detection standoff air-launched
AGM-158_JASSM
System to specify locations on Earth
Hemispheres. The longitude λ of a point on Earth's surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that
Geographic_coordinate_system
Upper jaw bone
pyramid-shaped; has an orbital, a nasal, an infratemporal, and a facial surface; contains the maxillary sinus. Four processes: the zygomatic process the
Maxilla
Area of contact between two objects
A bearing surface in mechanical engineering is the area of contact between two objects. It usually is used in reference to bolted joints and bearings
Bearing_surface
South Korean anti-ship missile
(Haeseong; Korean: 해성, Sea Star) is a ship-launched sea-skimming surface-to-surface anti-ship cruise missile developed by the South Korean Agency for
SSM-700K_C-Star
Natural surface created by rock erosion
In geology and geomorphology, an erosion surface is a surface of rock or regolith that was formed by erosion and not by construction (e.g. lava flows,
Erosion_surface
Measure of skin area affected by an ailment
(PASI) score, the patient's palm can serve a reference point roughly equivalent to 1% of the body surface area. For children and infants, the Lund and
Total_body_surface_area
Type of mining in which the soil/rock above mineral deposits is removed
Surface mining, including strip mining, open-pit mining and mountaintop removal mining, is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying
Surface_mining
Type of tennis court surface
A hard court or hardcourt is a type of surface or floor on which a sport is played, most usually in reference to tennis courts. It is typically made of
Hard_court
lists land surface elevation extremes by country or dependent territory. Topographic elevation is the vertical distance above the reference geoid, a mathematical
List of elevation extremes by country
List_of_elevation_extremes_by_country
French short range air defense system
short-range air defence (SHORAD) missile system that can be used from vehicles, surface ships, and helicopters, as well as in a portable configuration. The "Mistral"
Mistral_(missile)
Coordinates comprising a distance and two angles
distance r geographers commonly use altitude above or below some local reference surface (vertical datum), which, for example, may be the mean sea level. When
Spherical_coordinate_system
Type of warship
Surface combatants (or surface ships or surface vessels) are a subset of naval warships which are designed for warfare on the surface of the water, with
Surface_combatant
Horizontal angle from north or other reference cardinal direction
the reference plane is the local area (e.g. a circular area with a 5 km radius at sea level) around an observer on Earth's surface, and the reference vector
Azimuth
Conceptual design studies for crewed missions to Mars
support of planning for future human exploration of the Martian surface." The design reference missions are used for technology trade studies, to analyze the
Mars_Design_Reference_Mission
Electro-mechanical data storage device
arranged on a moving actuator arm, which read and write data to the platter surfaces. Data is accessed in a random-access manner, meaning that individual blocks
Hard_disk_drive
Size and shape used to model the Earth for geodesy
the entire surface as an oblate spheroid, using spherical harmonics to approximate the geoid, or modeling a region with a best-fit reference ellipsoid
Figure_of_the_Earth
International prime meridian used for GPS and other systems
0° The IERS Reference Meridian (IRM), also called the International Reference Meridian, is the prime meridian (0° longitude) maintained by the International
IERS_Reference_Meridian
Minor planet found within the inner Solar System
comet is that a comet shows a coma (tail) due to sublimation of its near-surface ices by solar radiation. A few objects were first classified as minor planets
Asteroid
Lizards belonging to the suborder Gekkota
species in the family Eublepharidae, lack eyelids; instead, the outer surface of the eyeball has a transparent membrane, the brille. They have a fixed
Gecko
Geodetic reference system
but to re-reference the elevations to an ellipsoid model rather than to the geoid. In accomplishing WGS 60, a combination of available surface gravity data
World_Geodetic_System
1994 American film
The Cool Surface (released in the Philippines as The Playmate) is a 1994 thriller film written and directed by Erik Anjou and starring Robert Patrick
The_Cool_Surface
Hydrated amorphous form of silica
removed. The surface of opal in contact with water is covered by siloxane bonds (≡Si–O–Si≡) and silanol groups (≡Si–OH). This makes the opal surface very hydrophilic
Opal
Gas layer surrounding Earth
referred to as air) that is retained by gravity, surrounding the Earth's surface. It contains variable quantities of suspended aerosols and particulates
Atmosphere_of_Earth
Surface of constant negative curvature
In differential geometry, a breather surface is a one-parameter family of mathematical surfaces which correspond to breather solutions of the sine-Gordon
Breather_surface
Paste to assist accurate mating of surfaces
The coloured oil is rubbed onto a reference surface, and the workpiece is then rubbed against the coloured reference; the transfer (by contact) of the
Engineer's_blue
Large baleen whale species
tubercles on its head. It is known for breaching and other distinctive surface behaviors, making it popular with whale watchers. Males produce a complex
Humpback_whale
Two interrelated physics theories by Albert Einstein
being at rest in a gravitational field (for example, when standing on the surface of the Earth) are physically identical. The upshot of this is that free
Theory_of_relativity
Mathematical idealization of the surface of a body
In mathematics, a surface is a mathematical model of the common concept of a surface. It is a generalization of a plane, but, unlike a plane, it may be
Surface_(mathematics)
Act of modifying the surface of a material
Surface modification is the act of modifying the surface of a material by bringing physical, chemical or biological characteristics different from the
Surface_modification
Coordinate system for planets
zero-level surface. The longitude systems of most of those bodies with observable rigid surfaces have been defined by references to a surface feature such
Planetary_coordinate_system
Extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth
Mining is the extraction of geological materials and minerals from Earth's surface. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be grown through
Mining
US–USSR spaceflight capability rivalry
as close as 47,400 feet (14.4 km) above the surface, the point where the powered descent to the surface would begin. With the LM proven to work well
Space_Race
Type of soil
Kastanozem (also known as "chestnut soil") is one of the 32 Reference Soil Groups of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). These soils are brighter
Kastanozem
Altitude above quasigeoid or mean sea level
advantage of normal heights compared to orthometric heights. The reference surface where normal heights are zero is called the quasi-geoid (or quasigeoid)
Normal_height
Topics referred to by the same term
data. Datum reference, in carpentry, metalworking, needlework, geometric dimensioning and tolerancing Vertical datum, reference surface for vertical
Datum_(disambiguation)
Algebraic surface defined by a cubic polynomial
mathematics, a cubic surface is a surface in 3-dimensional space defined by one polynomial equation of degree 3. Cubic surfaces are fundamental examples
Cubic_surface
NATO global coordinate reference system
defines a square grid area on the Earth's surface. The location of a specific point is therefore referenced by the MGRS coordinate of the area that contains
Military Grid Reference System
Military_Grid_Reference_System
Software that manages separately different parts of display screens
running application is assigned a usually resizable and usually rectangular surface of the display to present its GUI to the user; these windows may overlap
Windowing_system
Field of mathematics dealing with three-dimensional Euclidean spaces
solid figure is the region of 3D space bounded by a two-dimensional closed surface; for example, a solid ball consists of a sphere and its interior. Solid
Solid_geometry
Measurement technique
beams. The reference beam is reflected by the reference mirror, while the measurement beam is reflected or scattered from the test surface. The returning
White_light_interferometry
Tablet computer from Microsoft
processor in the Surface Go 3, however the microsoft website does not specify which processor this is in reference to. All options of the Surface Go come with
Surface_Go_4
Algebraic surface with special triviality properties
the standard reference book for compact complex surfaces. Bombieri, Enrico; Mumford, David (1976), "Enriques' classification of surfaces in char. p. III
Enriques_surface
Geometric figure which has infinite surface area but finite volume
Torricelli's trumpet) is a type of geometric figure that has infinite surface area but finite volume. The name refers to the Christian idea that the
Gabriel's_horn
Anatomy method to describe locations
line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the midpoint of the clavicle. In addition, reference may be made to structures at specific
Anatomical_plane
Spectroscopic technique
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy or surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a surface-sensitive technique that enhances Raman scattering by molecules
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
Surface-enhanced_Raman_spectroscopy
Small benign skin tumor
of a grain of rice. The surface of an acrochordon may be smooth or irregular in appearance and is often raised from the surface of the skin on a fleshy
Skin_tag
3D computer-generated imagery and measurements of terrain
body has a unique reference surface. New Horizons' Long Range Reconnaissance Imager used stereo photogrammetry to produce partial surface elevation maps
Digital_elevation_model
Representation of a mathematical function
real-valued function of two real variables, its graph forms a surface, which can be visualized as a surface plot. In science, engineering, technology, finance,
Graph_of_a_function
Measurement method using interference of waves
test surface. In the illustrated Fizeau interferometer test setup, the zero-order diffracted beam is directed towards the spherical reference surface, and
Interferometry
Type of milling process
materials. This milling process is not only rapid but also versatile. Cuts surfaces parallel to the rotational axis of the tool unlike drilling (perpendicular
Arbor_milling
Part of a sea, lake, or river that is close to the shore
continental shelves. Continental shelves cover an area of about 7% of the surface area of the oceans. In lake ecosystems, the littoral zone covers about
Littoral_zone
Fourth crewed Moon landing
spent 181⁄2 hours on the Moon's surface on four extravehicular activities (EVA), and collected 170 pounds (77 kg) of surface material. At the same time, Command
Apollo_15
Electrode with a stable and accurate electrode potential
A reference electrode is an electrode that has a stable and well-known electrode potential. The overall chemical reaction taking place in a cell is made
Reference_electrode
Abstract boundary in condensed matter physics
In condensed matter physics, the Fermi surface is the surface in reciprocal space which separates occupied electron states from unoccupied electron states
Fermi_surface
unstable quantum surface states, preventing electricity from reliably penetrating the surface to reach the semiconducting silicon layer. Surface passivation
History_of_the_transistor
In mathematics, a Kodaira surface is a compact complex surface of Kodaira dimension 0 and odd first Betti number. The concept is named after Kunihiko Kodaira
Kodaira_surface
Small, local deviations of a surface from a perfectly flat ideal
Surface finish, also known as surface texture or surface topography, is the nature of a surface as defined by the three characteristics of lay, surface
Surface_finish
Metal treatment process
process used to increase the thickness of the natural oxide layer on the surface of metal parts. The process is called anodizing because the part to be
Anodizing
Term in geology
the present-day erosion surface are referred to as outcrops, then now-buried rocks that were exposed at ancient erosion surfaces are referred to as subcrops
Subcrop
UK and Irish hydrographic vertical datum
Vertical Offshore Reference Frames (VORF) is a set of high resolution surface models, published and maintained by the UK Hydrographic Office, which together
Vertical Offshore Reference Frames
Vertical_Offshore_Reference_Frames
Surface in 3D space defined by an implicit function of three variables
implicit surface is a surface in Euclidean space defined by an equation F ( x , y , z ) = 0. {\displaystyle F(x,y,z)=0.} An implicit surface is the set
Implicit_surface
Conformal structure admits a Hodge dual of 1-forms without even specifying a metric
In mathematics, differential forms on a Riemann surface are an important special case of the general theory of differential forms on smooth manifolds
Differential forms on a Riemann surface
Differential_forms_on_a_Riemann_surface
Concept in differential geometry
differential geometry of surfaces, the Monge patch designates the parameterization of a surface by its height over a flat reference plane. It is also called
Monge_patch
Acoustic sensing method
distances (ranging), communicate with or detect objects on or under the surface of the water, such as other vessels. "Sonar" can refer to one of two types
Sonar
Device for lighting fires
ignited by friction generated by striking the match against a suitable surface. Wooden matches are packaged in matchboxes, and paper matches are partially
Match
Self-intersecting, highly symmetrical mapping of the real projective plane into 3D space
In mathematics, the Roman surface or Steiner surface is a self-intersecting mapping of the real projective plane into three-dimensional space, with an
Roman_surface
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
Boy/Male
Indian
Selflessness, Preference
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Incarnation.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Selflessness, Preference
Girl/Female
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Worship; Praise; Reverence
Boy/Male
Muslim
Choice, Preference, Selection
Girl/Female
Tamil
Inference
Boy/Male
Indian
Reverence, Sanctity
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Nativity.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Sanskrit
Reverence; Esteem
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Incarnation.
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Incarnation.
Girl/Female
Indian
Selflessness, Preference
Girl/Female
Muslim
Selflessness, Preference
Girl/Female
Tamil
Worship, Praise, Reverence
Girl/Female
Indian
Inference
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Ascension.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Preference
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Nativity.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Reverence, Sanctity
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
First Preference
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
Male
Hungarian
 Pet form of Hungarian András, ANDRIS means "man; warrior." Compare with another form of Andris.
Girl/Female
Hindu
Holy place, Sacred water, Place of pilgrimage
Boy/Male
Israeli American
Cry of rejoicing.
Biblical
the river of judgment, Some translate it as "the descender," from the Semitic yrd, "to descend"
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Shiva
Boy/Male
Arabic, Indian, Muslim, Parsi
Illuminated; Sparkling
Boy/Male
Gaelic, German
One who Sings Ballads
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Fountain of Paradise; Ever Ambitious
Girl/Female
Tamil
Date
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Moon; Lord Chandra (Moon); Lord of Night
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
n.
The act of referring, or the state of being referred; as, reference to a chart for guidance.
n.
One who regards with reverence.
n.
The act of submitting a matter in dispute to the judgment of one or more persons for decision.
n.
Appeal.
n.
The process of sending any matter, for inquiry in a cause, to a master or other officer, in order that he may ascertain facts and report to the court.
n.
One of whom inquires can be made as to the integrity, capacity, and the like, of another.
n.
That which refers to something; a specific direction of the attention; as, a reference in a text-book.
n.
The act of Preferring, or the state of being preferred; the setting of one thing before another; precedence; higher estimation; predilection; choice; also, the power or opportunity of choosing; as, to give him his preference.
v. t.
To regard or treat with reverence; to regard with respect and affection mingled with fear; to venerate.
imp. & p. p.
of Reverence
n.
One who, or that which, is referred to.
n.
That which deserves or exacts manifestations of reverence; reverend character; dignity; state.
n.
A work, or a passage in a work, to which one is referred.
v.
Personal reference or application.
n.
That which is preferred; the object of choice or superior favor; as, which is your preference?
n.
Reference; respect; regard.
n.
Relation; regard; respect.
n.
A yielding of judgment or preference from respect to the wishes or opinion of another; submission in opinion; regard; respect; complaisance.
v. t.
Respect; relation; reference.
v.
Relation; reference; regard.