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In fiber optic technology, a reference surface is that surface of an optical fiber that is used to contact the transverse-alignment elements of a component
Reference_surface
Reference surface for vertical positions
hydrography and navigation, vertical datum or altimetric datum is a reference coordinate surface used for vertical positions, such as the elevations of Earth-bound
Vertical_datum
Geographic coordinate specifying north-south position
approximate the geoid by a mathematically simpler reference surface. The simplest choice for the reference surface is a sphere, but the geoid is more accurately
Latitude
Series of personal computers, tablets and interactive whiteboards by Microsoft
models (Surface RT and Surface 2) ran on ARM32, and a select handful of models starting with the Surface Pro X in 2019 run on ARM64. The Surface line has
Microsoft_Surface
System to specify locations on Earth
spatial reference system (SRS) or coordinate reference system (CRS) is a framework used to precisely measure locations on, or relative to, the surface of Earth
Spatial_reference_system
Two-dimensional manifold
surfaces arise as graphs of functions of two variables; see the figure at right. However, surfaces can also be defined abstractly, without reference to
Surface_(topology)
French short range air defense system
short-range air defence (SHORAD) missile system that can be used from vehicles, surface ships, and helicopters, as well as in a portable configuration. The "Mistral"
Mistral_(missile)
Concept in classical mechanics
of a rotating reference frame is the surface of the Earth. All non-inertial reference frames exhibit fictitious forces; rotating reference frames are characterized
Rotating_reference_frame
Amount of evaporation
evapotranspiration is calculated at a nearby climatic station on a reference surface, conventionally on land dominated by short grass (though this may
Potential_evapotranspiration
Reference frame for measuring location
geodetic reference datum, geodetic reference system, or geodetic reference frame, or terrestrial reference frame) is a global datum reference or reference frame
Geodetic_datum
Abstract coordinate system
observational frame of reference centered at a point on the Earth's surface. This frame of reference orbits around the center of the Earth, which introduces the
Frame_of_reference
Third planet from the Sun
being an ocean world, the only one in the Solar System sustaining liquid surface water. Almost all of Earth's water is contained in its ocean, which covers
Earth
hyperelliptic surface, or bi-elliptic surface, is a minimal surface whose Albanese morphism is an elliptic fibration without singular fibres. Any such surface can
Hyperelliptic_surface
Body of salt water covering most of Earth
The ocean's surface is an important reference point for oceanography and geography, particularly as mean sea level. The ocean surface has globally little
Ocean
Point of reference against which some others are calculated
such as a point, line, plane, hole, set of holes, or pair of surfaces. It serves as a reference in defining the geometry of the object and (often) in measuring
Datum_reference
Ocean shape without winds and tides
force than the surrounding areas. The geoid in turn serves as a reference coordinate surface for various vertical coordinates, such as orthometric heights
Geoid
1986 studio album by Surface
Surface is the debut studio album from the band of the same name. Three years after releasing the midtempo boogie track "Falling in Love" on Salsoul,
Surface_(Surface_album)
Fundamental concept of classical mechanics
geodesic motion in spacetime. Due to Earth's rotation, its surface is not an inertial frame of reference. The Coriolis effect can deflect certain forms of motion
Inertial_frame_of_reference
Geometric figure which approximates the Earth's shape
are two types of ellipsoid: mean and reference. A data set which describes the global average of the Earth's surface curvature is called the mean Earth
Earth_ellipsoid
Tendency of a liquid surface to shrink to reduce surface area
Surface tension is the energy per unit area due to having a surface in a liquid. It has the dimension of force per unit length, or energy per unit area
Surface_tension
Science of measuring the shape, orientation, and gravity of Earth
("real") surface. The reference ellipsoid, however, has many possible instantiations and is not readily realizable, so it is an abstract surface. The third
Geodesy
Flat surface used as a reference plane
A surface plate is a solid, flat plate used as the main horizontal reference plane for precision inspection, marking out (layout), and tooling setup. The
Surface_plate
System to specify locations on Earth
Hemispheres. The longitude λ of a point on Earth's surface is the angle east or west of a reference meridian to another meridian that passes through that
Geographic_coordinate_system
Static pressure exerted by the weight of the Earth's atmosphere
on the atmospheric gases above the surface and is a function of the mass of the planet, the radius of the surface, and the amount and composition of the
Atmospheric_pressure
Surface conductivity is an additional conductivity of an electrolyte in the vicinity of the charged interfaces. Surface and volume conductivity of liquids
Surface_conductivity
Shape of the ocean surface relative to the geoid
Ocean surface topography or sea surface topography, also called ocean dynamic topography, are highs and lows on the ocean surface, similar to the hills
Ocean_surface_topography
Annual tennis tournament held in Paris
currently held on this surface. Until 1975, the French Open was the only major tournament not played on grass. Due to the clay surface characteristics favoring
French_Open
Standard surface gravity
The surface gravity, g, of an astronomical object is the gravitational acceleration experienced at its surface at the equator, including the effects of
Surface_gravity
Setting for pressure altimeters
aircraft above a known reference surface. This reference can be the mean sea level pressure (QNH), the pressure at a nearby surface airport (QFE), or the
Altimeter_setting
Largest dwarf planet
New Horizons, indicating that its surface is less than 10 million years old. Latest studies have shown that the surface has an age of 180000+90000 −40000
Pluto
Software environment vulnerable to attack
The attack surface of a software environment is the sum of the different points (for "attack vectors") where an unauthorized user (the "attacker") can
Attack_surface
Force resisting sliding motion
Friction is the force resisting the relative motion of solid surfaces, fluid layers, and material elements sliding or grinding against each other. Types
Friction
Position along a vertical direction above or below a given vertical datum
plumb line direction) above or below a given vertical datum (a reference level surface, such as mean sea level). Vertical distance or vertical separation
Vertical_position
Altitude above geoid or mean sea level
vertical distance along the plumb line from a point of interest to a reference surface known as the geoid, the vertical datum that approximates mean sea
Orthometric_height
Acoustic sensing method
distances (ranging), communicate with or detect objects on or under the surface of the water, such as other vessels. "Sonar" can refer to one of two types
Sonar
Practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a surface
practice of applying paint, pigment, color, or other medium to a solid surface. The medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush. Other implements
Painting
Type of warship
Surface combatants (or surface ships or surface vessels) are a subset of naval warships which are designed for warfare on the surface of the water, with
Surface_combatant
Extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the Earth
Mining is the extraction of geological materials and minerals from the surface of the Earth. Mining is required to obtain most materials that cannot be
Mining
Marine invertebrates of the subphylum Anthozoa
Broadcast-spawned planula larvae develop at the water's surface before descending to seek a hard surface on the benthos to which they can attach and begin a
Coral
2024 film by Adam Wingard
King and the powerful, frost-breathing Shimo from invading the Earth's surface. Following the box office and streaming success of Godzilla vs. Kong during
Godzilla x Kong: The New Empire
Godzilla_x_Kong:_The_New_Empire
American football player and television analyst (born 1980)
against the New York Giants—a game the Cowboys would lose—when pictures surfaced of Romo (along with teammates Jason Witten and Bobby Carpenter) at a resort
Tony_Romo
South Korean anti-ship missile
(Haeseong; Korean: 해성, Sea Star) is a ship-launched sea-skimming surface-to-surface anti-ship cruise missile developed by the South Korean Agency for
SSM-700K_C-Star
UK and Irish hydrographic vertical datum
Vertical Offshore Reference Frames (VORF) is a set of high resolution surface models, published and maintained by the UK Hydrographic Office, which together
Vertical Offshore Reference Frames
Vertical_Offshore_Reference_Frames
Upper jaw bone
pyramid-shaped; has an orbital, a nasal, an infratemporal, and a facial surface; contains the maxillary sinus. Four processes: the zygomatic process the
Maxilla
American football player (born 1983)
interception, Rodgers expressed frustration by throwing down a Microsoft Surface tablet. The Packers ended up losing the game 29–37. On December 3, 2015
Aaron_Rodgers
American low observable air-launched cruise missile
The AGM-158 Joint Air-to-Surface Standoff Missile (AGM-158 JASSM, colloquially pronounced "jass-em"[citation needed]) is a low detection standoff air-launched
AGM-158_JASSM
Height of a geographic location above a fixed reference point
fixed reference point, most commonly a reference geoid, a mathematical model of the Earth's sea level as an equipotential gravitational surface (see Geodetic
Elevation
Meteorological phenomenon
reflected and the rest enters the raindrop. The light is refracted at the surface of the raindrop. When this light hits the back of the raindrop, some of
Rainbow
Measure of skin area affected by an ailment
(PASI) score, the patient's palm can serve a reference point roughly equivalent to 1% of the body surface area. For children and infants, the Lund and
Total_body_surface_area
Minor planet found within the inner Solar System
comet is that a comet shows a coma (tail) due to sublimation of its near-surface ices by solar radiation. A few objects were first classified as minor planets
Asteroid
Coordinates comprising a distance and two angles
distance r geographers commonly use altitude above or below some local reference surface (vertical datum), which, for example, may be the mean sea level. When
Spherical_coordinate_system
Natural surface created by rock erosion
for different rock types. Rate of rock surface recession can be measured by using reference points or reference planes and measure the distance among those
Erosion_surface
Photosynthetic part of a vascular plant
leaves are flattened and have distinct upper (adaxial) and lower (abaxial) surfaces that differ in color, hairiness, the number of stomata (pores that intake
Leaf
Conceptual design studies for crewed missions to Mars
support of planning for future human exploration of the Martian surface." The design reference missions are used for technology trade studies, to analyze the
Mars_Design_Reference_Mission
Branch of mathematics
geometry. For instance, planes can be studied as a topological surface without reference to distances or angles; it can be studied as an affine space,
Geometry
Area of contact between two objects
A bearing surface in mechanical engineering is the area of contact between two objects. It usually is used in reference to bolted joints and bearings
Bearing_surface
Audible defect generated during the recording or editing of a sound
saturation, hiss, noise, and print-through. It is valid to consider the genuine surface noise such as pops and clicks that are audible when a vintage vinyl recording
Sonic_artifact
Topics referred to by the same term
data. Datum reference, in carpentry, metalworking, needlework, geometric dimensioning and tolerancing Vertical datum, reference surface for vertical
Datum_(disambiguation)
Type of field-effect transistor
practical field-effect transistor enabled by Atalla’s earlier work on silicon surface passivation and thermal oxidation—revolutionized electronics and paved
MOSFET
lists land surface elevation extremes by country or dependent territory. Topographic elevation is the vertical distance above the reference geoid, a mathematical
List of elevation extremes by country
List_of_elevation_extremes_by_country
Electro-mechanical data storage device
arranged on a moving actuator arm, which read and write data to the platter surfaces. Data is accessed in a random-access manner, meaning that individual blocks
Hard_disk_drive
process called a geodynamo. The magnitude of Earth's magnetic field at its surface ranges from 25,000 to 65,000 nT (0.25 to 0.65 G). As an approximation,
Earth's_magnetic_field
Attempt by Germany during World War II to cut supply lines to Britain
warships were sunk in the Atlantic for the loss of 783 U-Boats and 47 German surface warships, including 4 battleships (Bismarck, Scharnhorst, Gneisenau, and
Battle_of_the_Atlantic
Tablet computer from Microsoft
processor in the Surface Go 3, however the microsoft website does not specify which processor this is in reference to. All options of the Surface Go come with
Surface_Go_4
Lizards belonging to the suborder Gekkota
species in the family Eublepharidae, lack eyelids; instead, the outer surface of the eyeball has a transparent membrane, the brille. They have a fixed
Gecko
Hydrated amorphous form of silica
removed. The surface of opal in contact with water is covered by siloxane bonds (≡Si–O–Si≡) and silanol groups (≡Si–OH). This makes the opal surface very hydrophilic
Opal
Mathematical idealization of the surface of a body
In mathematics, a surface is a mathematical model of the common concept of a surface. It is a generalization of a plane, but, unlike a plane, it may be
Surface_(mathematics)
Phenomena related to electric charge
They must also lie parallel to a conductor's surface, since otherwise there would be a force along the surface of the conductor that would move the charge
Electricity
1994 American film
The Cool Surface (released in the Philippines as The Playmate) is a 1994 thriller film written and directed by Erik Anjou and starring Robert Patrick
The_Cool_Surface
Surface in 3D space defined by an implicit function of three variables
implicit surface is a surface in Euclidean space defined by an equation F ( x , y , z ) = 0. {\displaystyle F(x,y,z)=0.} An implicit surface is the set
Implicit_surface
Size and shape used to model the Earth for geodesy
the entire surface as an oblate spheroid, using spherical harmonics to approximate the geoid, or modeling a region with a best-fit reference ellipsoid
Figure_of_the_Earth
3D computer-generated imagery and measurements of terrain
body has a unique reference surface. New Horizons' Long Range Reconnaissance Imager used stereo photogrammetry to produce partial surface elevation maps
Digital_elevation_model
International prime meridian used for GPS and other systems
0° The IERS Reference Meridian (IRM), also called the International Reference Meridian, is the prime meridian (0° longitude) maintained by the International
IERS_Reference_Meridian
Fine hair-like growth on plants
papillae. A covering of any kind of hair on a plant is an indumentum, and the surface bearing them is said to be pubescent. Certain, usually filamentous, algae
Trichome
Type of mining in which the soil/rock above mineral deposits is removed
Surface mining, including strip mining, open-pit mining and mountaintop removal mining, is a broad category of mining in which soil and rock overlying
Surface_mining
Type of wetland with peat-rich soil
bog functions as a carbon sink. Bogs occur where the water at the ground surface is acidic and low in nutrients. A bog usually is found at a freshwater
Bog
Type of tennis court surface
A hard court or hardcourt is a type of surface or floor on which a sport is played, most usually in reference to tennis courts. It is typically made of
Hard_court
Gas layer surrounding Earth
referred to as air) that is retained by gravity, surrounding the Earth's surface. It contains variable quantities of suspended aerosols and particulates
Atmosphere_of_Earth
Horizontal angle from north or other reference cardinal direction
the reference plane is the local area (e.g. a circular area with a 5 km radius at sea level) around an observer on Earth's surface, and the reference vector
Azimuth
Paste to assist accurate mating of surfaces
The coloured oil is rubbed onto a reference surface, and the workpiece is then rubbed against the coloured reference; the transfer (by contact) of the
Engineer's_blue
Type of soil
Kastanozem (also known as "chestnut soil") is one of the 32 Reference Soil Groups of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). These soils are brighter
Kastanozem
Two interrelated physics theories by Albert Einstein
being at rest in a gravitational field (for example, when standing on the surface of the Earth) are physically identical. The upshot of this is that free
Theory_of_relativity
Any kind of device or material used on a road surface to convey official information
Road surface marking is any kind of device or material that is used on a road surface in order to convey official information; they are commonly placed
Road_surface_marking
NATO global coordinate reference system
defines a square grid area on the Earth's surface. The location of a specific point is therefore referenced by the MGRS coordinate of the area that contains
Military Grid Reference System
Military_Grid_Reference_System
Geodetic reference system
but to re-reference the elevations to an ellipsoid model rather than to the geoid. In accomplishing WGS 60, a combination of available surface gravity data
World_Geodetic_System
U.S. man-portable surface-to-air missile
man-portable air-defense system (MANPADS) that operates as an infrared homing surface-to-air missile (SAM). It can be adapted to fire from a wide variety of
FIM-92_Stinger
Device for lighting fires
ignited by friction generated by striking the match against a suitable surface. Wooden matches are packaged in matchboxes, and paper matches are partially
Match
US–USSR spaceflight capability rivalry
as close as 47,400 feet (14.4 km) above the surface, the point where the powered descent to the surface would begin. With the LM proven to work well
Space_Race
Flow of excess rainwater not infiltrating in the ground over its surface
Surface runoff (also known as overland flow or terrestrial runoff) is the unconfined flow of water over the ground surface, in contrast to channel runoff
Surface_runoff
REMA uses stereophotogrammetry to provide high-quality surface measurements of the surface of the ice sheet that covers most of the continent, despite
Reference Elevation Model of Antarctica
Reference_Elevation_Model_of_Antarctica
Software that manages separately different parts of display screens
running application is assigned a usually resizable and usually rectangular surface of the display to present its GUI to the user; these windows may overlap
Windowing_system
Large baleen whale species
tubercles on its head. It is known for breaching and other distinctive surface behaviors, making it popular with whale watchers. Males produce a complex
Humpback_whale
Type of sensor
image correlation method. The sensor takes subsequent pictures from the surface being measured and compares the images for displacement. Resolutions down
Linear_encoder
Abstract boundary in condensed matter physics
In condensed matter physics, the Fermi surface is the surface in reciprocal space which separates occupied electron states from unoccupied electron states
Fermi_surface
Historic house in Virginia, United States
Surface House is a historic home located at Christiansburg, Montgomery County, Virginia, United States. It was built about 1870, and is a one-story, double-pile
Surface_House
Geometric figure which has infinite surface area but finite volume
Torricelli's trumpet) is a type of geometric figure that has infinite surface area but finite volume. The name refers to the Christian idea that the
Gabriel's_horn
Algebraic surface with special triviality properties
the standard reference book for compact complex surfaces. Bombieri, Enrico; Mumford, David (1976), "Enriques' classification of surfaces in char. p. III
Enriques_surface
Part of a sea, lake, or river that is close to the shore
continental shelves. Continental shelves cover an area of about 7% of the surface area of the oceans. In lake ecosystems, the littoral zone covers about
Littoral_zone
2002 National Football League championship game
AstroTurf surface. From 2000 to 2005, NFL stadiums phased out the short-pile AstroTurf in favor of natural grass or other, newer artificial surfaces which
Super_Bowl_XXXVI
Anatomy method to describe locations
line running vertically down the surface of the body passing through the midpoint of the clavicle. In addition, reference may be made to structures at specific
Anatomical_plane
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Marathi, Sanskrit
Reverence; Esteem
Boy/Male
Indian
Reverence, Sanctity
Girl/Female
Tamil
Worship, Praise, Reverence
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
First Preference
Girl/Female
Tamil
Inference
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Ascension.
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Incarnation.
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Nativity.
Girl/Female
Muslim
Selflessness, Preference
Girl/Female
Indian
Selflessness, Preference
Boy/Male
Muslim
Choice, Preference, Selection
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Incarnation.
Boy/Male
Indian
Selflessness, Preference
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Preference
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Incarnation.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Reverence, Sanctity
Girl/Female
Assamese, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Worship; Praise; Reverence
Boy/Male
Muslim
Selflessness, Preference
Girl/Female
Indian
Inference
Girl/Female
Spanish
Reference to the Nativity.
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
Boy/Male
Indian
Rightly-guided person
Girl/Female
Greek
Sea nymph; daughter of Nereus. In Greek mythology the Nereids were mermaids and deities of the seas.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Doughter of Aarya
Boy/Male
Sikh
Fight of God, Godly light
Boy/Male
Irish American English Latin Greek Hebrew
Servant.
Boy/Male
Hebrew
Child of laughter.
Boy/Male
Biblical
His diminishing.
Girl/Female
Tamil
Boy/Male
Indian
Good, Messenger
Boy/Male
Latin
Innocent.
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
REFERENCE SURFACE
imp. & p. p.
of Reverence
n.
That which refers to something; a specific direction of the attention; as, a reference in a text-book.
v. t.
Respect; relation; reference.
n.
That which is preferred; the object of choice or superior favor; as, which is your preference?
n.
Appeal.
n.
One of whom inquires can be made as to the integrity, capacity, and the like, of another.
n.
A work, or a passage in a work, to which one is referred.
n.
That which deserves or exacts manifestations of reverence; reverend character; dignity; state.
n.
Relation; regard; respect.
n.
The act of Preferring, or the state of being preferred; the setting of one thing before another; precedence; higher estimation; predilection; choice; also, the power or opportunity of choosing; as, to give him his preference.
n.
The process of sending any matter, for inquiry in a cause, to a master or other officer, in order that he may ascertain facts and report to the court.
n.
Reference; respect; regard.
n.
The act of submitting a matter in dispute to the judgment of one or more persons for decision.
n.
The act of referring, or the state of being referred; as, reference to a chart for guidance.
v.
Relation; reference; regard.
v.
Personal reference or application.
n.
One who regards with reverence.
n.
A yielding of judgment or preference from respect to the wishes or opinion of another; submission in opinion; regard; respect; complaisance.
n.
One who, or that which, is referred to.
v. t.
To regard or treat with reverence; to regard with respect and affection mingled with fear; to venerate.