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Measurement of small-scale features on surfaces
Surface metrology is the measurement and characterization of surface topography, and is a branch of metrology. Surface primary form, surface fractality
Surface_metrology
Measure of surface finish or texture
depending on the disciplines considered. In surface metrology, surface roughness is a component of surface finish (surface texture). It is quantified by the deviations
Surface_roughness
Science of measurement and its application
Metrology is the scientific study of measurement. It establishes a common understanding of units, crucial in linking human activities. Modern metrology
Metrology
Study of physical and chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases
property Surface modification – Act of modifying the surface of a material Surface metrology – Measurement of small-scale features on surfaces Surface phenomenon –
Surface_science
Outermost layer of a physical object
chemical phenomena that occur at the interface of two phases Surface metrology Surface wave, a mechanical wave Atmospheric boundaries (tropopause, edge
Surface
analysis and surface metrology software platform published by the company Digital Surf. Its core is "micro-topography", the science of studying surface texture
MountainsMap
ISO collection of international standards
framework of ISO 9000. For the first time, the standard brings 3D surface metrology methods into the official domain, following 2D profilometric methods
ISO_25178
Science of measurement applied to forensics
Forensic metrology is a branch of metrology (the science of measurements) applied to forensic sciences. Metrology has evolved various techniques for assessing
Forensic_metrology
Measurement method using interference of waves
technique in the fields of astronomy, fiber optics, engineering, metrology, optical metrology, oceanography, seismology, spectroscopy (and its applications
Interferometry
Digital imaging technology
from an Edison Cylinder Using Three-Dimensional Noncontact Optical Surface Metrology. Journal of the Audio Engineering Society 53 (2005), pp. 485–508.
IRENE_(technology)
Altering the properties of solid surfaces
interface of two phases Surface metrology – Measurement of small-scale features on surfaces Tribology – Science of rubbing surfaces Kaddoura, Mohamad; Majeau-Bettez
Surface_engineering
Act of modifying the surface of a material
successfully employed for polymer surface functionalization. Surface finishing Surface science Tribology Surface metrology Surface modification of biomaterials
Surface_modification
Small, local deviations of a surface from a perfectly flat ideal
atomic force microscopy and photogrammetry. Optical metrology plays a key role in non-contact surface roughness measurements, offering high-resolution and
Surface_finish
Scanning of an object or environment to collect data on its shape
the principal active optical techniques used for three-dimensional surface metrology. Structured-light scanning is still a very active area of research
3D_scanning
Process of removing material from two workpieces
Superfinishing – another micro-scale subtractive finishing operation Surface metrology – measuring the effects of such processes English, R. E. (1953). "Optical
Lapping
Measuring instrument for surface profile and roughness
efficiency and durability. Road profilometery Surface metrology Jean M. Bennett, Lars Mattsson, Introduction to Surface Roughness and Scattering, Optical Society
Profilometer
Type of plane partition
set of points in the Voronoi polygons. In surface metrology, Voronoi tessellation can be used for surface roughness modeling. In robotics, some of the
Voronoi_diagram
Fatigue failure of the surface of a material insufficiently lubricated
high surface roughness decreases the stability on heavy stressed parts. To get a good overview of the surface an areal scan (surface metrology) gives
Micro_pitting
Topics referred to by the same term
Smoothness may also refer to: Smooth number, in number theory Surface metrology Surface roughness Polishing This disambiguation page lists articles associated
Smoothness_(disambiguation)
French software company
International Conference on Surface Metrology 2009. F. Blateyron, New 3D Parameters and Filtration Techniques for Surface Metrology, in QualityMag.com. F.
Digital_Surf
Damaging, gradual removal or deformation of material at solid surfaces
digital surface metrology and machine-learning-assisted interpretation of wear processes. Abrasion (mechanical) – Process of wearing down a surface Backlash
Wear
Technique used to measure 3D topography using shifted interference
Phase-shifting interferometry (PSI) is an optical metrology technique for measuring surface topography and wavefront shape to sub-nanometre precision
Phase-shifting_interferometry
Measure of the periodicity of surface roughness
H. (2000), Machinery's Handbook (26th ed.), New York: Industrial Press Inc., ISBN 0-8311-2635-3. Surface Metrology Guide Profile Waviness Parameters
Waviness
Primary time standard globally used to regulate clocks and time
International des Poids et Mesures). Downloaded June 23, 2016. National Metrology Institutes (NMIs) BIPM Establishment of International Atomic Time and
Coordinated_Universal_Time
gives a small depth of field. The use of this method is for optical surface metrology and coordinate-measuring machine. This means measuring form, waviness
Focus_variation
Turntable that plays records using laser beams
Digitization 12 (2008): 37-42. Boltryk, P. J., et al. "Noncontact surface metrology for preservation and sound recovery from mechanical sound recordings
Laser_turntable
MathML is supported by a number of browsers and browser additions. MNT Surface metrology or image analysis document MountainsMap MO Modelica models. File format
List of filename extensions (M–R)
List_of_filename_extensions_(M–R)
in-process surface metrology, roughness measurement, 3D surface metrology in hard-to-reach spaces and in hostile environments, profilometry of surfaces with
White_light_scanner
Measurement technique
interferometers are discussed in detail due to their extensive use for surface metrology in today’s high-precision industrial applications. A CCD image sensor
White_light_interferometry
PMID 20720701. Lee-Bennett, I. (2004). Advances in non-contacting surface metrology. Optical Fabrication and Testing, OTuC1. Kino, G. S.; Chim, S. S.
Coherence scanning interferometry
Coherence_scanning_interferometry
Public engineering institution in India
ion beam sputtering deposition (DIBSD) system, Spin Coater, Optical Surface Metrology System Profiler, The Sophisticated Instrumentation Center (SIC) is
IIT_Indore
Device for measuring the geometry of objects
university-built metrology platforms for microscale metrology. Although these machines are good and in many cases excellent metrology platforms with nanometric
Coordinate-measuring_machine
National metrology institute of the German Federal Republic
Braunschweig) with the following departments: Surface Metrology, Dimensional Nanometrology, Coordinate Metrology, Interferometry on Material Measures, Scientific
Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt
Physikalisch-Technische_Bundesanstalt
"About VIEW Micro-Metrology". VIEW Micro-Metrology. Retrieved 7 July 2011. "VIEW Micro-Metrology Applications". VIEW Micro-Metrology. Retrieved 7 July
VIEW_Engineering
Set of data points in three-dimensional space
geographic information systems (GIS) models for manufactured parts, for metrology and quality inspection, and for a multitude of visualizing, animating
Point_cloud
Technologies was founded. She became a Professor and head of the surface metrology group in 2003. In 2006, she was invited to meet Queen Elizabeth II
Jane_Jiang
Method of retrieving sound from the picture of a record
Reconstruction." ISMIR. 2007. Boltryk, P. J., et al. "Noncontact surface metrology for preservation and sound recovery from mechanical sound recordings"
VisualAudio
Manufacturer
Middlefield, Connecticut, specializes in optical systems and equipment. Their metrology product lines include 3D measuring microscopes using coherence scanning
Zygo_Corporation
Method of inspection using remotely operated tools
optimally control the tool. Main article – surface metrology Laser profilometers project a shape onto the object surface. Technicians configure the laser (both
Robotic non-destructive testing
Robotic_non-destructive_testing
Multi-parametric surface plasmon resonance (MP-SPR) is based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR), an established real-time label-free method for biomolecular
Multi-parametric surface plasmon resonance
Multi-parametric_surface_plasmon_resonance
Company in Leicester, England, founded in 1886
company now manufactures precision metrology instruments—in particular, profilometers for the analysis of surface textures and forms. Taylor Hobson is
Taylor_Hobson
Class of cements, mechanically processed to transform reactivity
(1899–1990) Surface engineering – Altering the properties of solid surfaces Surface metrology – Measurement of small-scale features on surfaces Tribology –
Energetically_modified_cement
Difference between mass and weight
standard gravity at precisely 9.80665 m/s2 so that disciplines such as metrology would have a standard value for converting units of defined mass into
Mass_versus_weight
Flat surface used as a reference plane
accuracy of some metrology equipment such as: AA, A, B, and Workshop grade. While workshop grade is the least accurate, all grades of surface plates are held
Surface_plate
Optical instrument for non-contact measurement of angles
measurements to a resolution of 0.01 arcseconds. Recent developments in optical metrology have extended the role of the autocollimator beyond single-axis angular
Autocollimator
Quantity standard
therefore about 25% too small. Dimensional metrology Forensic metrology Smart Metrology Time metrology Quantum metrology GNU Units List of humorous units of
Unit_of_measurement
Areal Scale space technique Outline of metrology and measurement ISO 25178: areal surface texture standard Surface roughness Gaussian filter "ISO 16610-21:2025
ISO_16610
following fields of application: surface metrology, precise probe positioning, automatic surface characterization, automatic surface modification/stimulation
Feature-oriented_scanning
Magnitude or dimension of a thing
Represented in the Mind (2012), p. 108. de Silva, G.M.S. (2002), Basic Metrology for ISO 9000 Certification, Butterworth-Heinemann See, e.g., Robert A
Size
Spectroscopic technique
spectroscopy (XPS) is a surface-sensitive quantitative spectroscopic technique that measures the very topmost 50–60 atoms, 5–10 nm of any surface. It belongs to
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
X-ray_photoelectron_spectroscopy
Unit of force in the CGS system
Gyllenbok, Jan (11 April 2018). "dyne". Encyclopaedia of Historical Metrology, Weights, and Measures. Vol. 1. Birkhäuser. p. 90. ISBN 9783319575988
Dyne
Geometric condition for workpieces and tools
manufactured surfaces. Such surfaces are usually machined or ground to achieve the required degree of flatness. Metrology of such a surface can confirm
Flatness_(manufacturing)
Computers simulating and modeling use of machine tools for part manufacturing
in the produced part. Virtual inspection systems such as surface finish, surface metrology, and waviness can be applied to the simulated parts in virtual
Virtual_machining
Research Center at Carnegie Mellon University, the Department of Surface Metrology at Worcester Polytechnic Institute, the School of Electrical and Computer
Paul Messier (art conservator)
Paul_Messier_(art_conservator)
Standards body of Russia
Federal Agency for Technical Regulation and Metrology (Rosstandart) (Russian: Федеральное агентство по техническому регулированию и метрологии (Росстандарт))
Rosstandart
Nanotechnology company in Liestal, Switzerland
is a leading developer, manufacturer and supplier of metrology solutions for industrial metrology solutions and microscopes for academic research, and
Nanosurf
and test methods for eyewear intended to be used for surface swimming, Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection, Republic of China. Retrieved 1 October
National Standards of the Republic of China
National_Standards_of_the_Republic_of_China
Manufacturing process used to create integrated circuits
processing has increased the demand for metrology in between the various processing steps. For example, thin film metrology based on ellipsometry or reflectometry
Semiconductor device fabrication
Semiconductor_device_fabrication
Intergovernmental organisation
standards in areas including chemistry, ionising radiation, physical metrology, as well as the International System of Units (SI) and Coordinated Universal
International Bureau of Weights and Measures
International_Bureau_of_Weights_and_Measures
Form of electromagnetic radiation
is near infrared, shorter than 4 μm. On the surface of Earth, at far lower temperatures than the surface of the Sun, some thermal radiation consists of
Infrared
Type of electron microscope
of electron microscope that produces images of a sample by scanning the surface with a focused beam of electrons. The electrons interact with atoms in
Scanning_electron_microscope
Science of determining the positions of points and the distances and angles between them
geodesy, geometry, trigonometry, regression analysis, physics, engineering, metrology, programming languages, and the law. They use equipment, such as total
Surveying
these systems are used as sensors to measure mechanical quantities such as surface structure and orientation. Optical sensors are used in a feedback loop
Optomechatronics
Non-contact high precision sensors
metrology”. In many cases, the sensors are used to analyze and optimize the rotation of spindles in various machine tools, examples include surface grinders
Capacitive displacement sensor
Capacitive_displacement_sensor
Type of lens
aspheric lens or asphere (often labeled ASPH on eyepieces) is a lens whose surface profiles are not portions of a sphere or cylinder. In photography, a lens
Aspheric_lens
University in Germany
autonomous driving and electric mobility, manufacturing, life sciences, and metrology. Research is conducted in close collaboration with external organizations
TU_Braunschweig
Measure of how closely the shape of an object approaches that of a circle
_{i}}-{\hat {b}}\sin {\theta _{i}}} Roundness measurement is very important in metrology. It includes measurement of a collection of points. For this two fundamental
Roundness
Electrical depth profiling technique
Differential Hall Effect Metrology (DHEM) is an electrical depth profiling technique that measures all critical electrical parameters (resistivity, mobility
Differential Hall Effect Metrology
Differential_Hall_Effect_Metrology
American technology company
KLA later broadened its product line to include wafer inspection, wafer metrology and integrated inspection and analysis software. Tencor was founded in
KLA_Corporation
Measuring device
items to be worked on. These measuring tools are used in metalworking or metrology to either set or measure vertical distances;[citation needed] the pointer
Height_gauge
Material that scatters light in optics
fused silica with processed rough surfaces. LED diffusers can be characterized online using scatterometry-based metrology. Diffusion filters may be used
Diffuser_(optics)
Meteorological instrumentation
Hemisphere. Scatterometers are widely used in metrology for roughness of polished and lapped surfaces in optical (i.e. total integrated scatterometry
Scatterometer
Equipment used to facilitate underwater diving
"Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection: CNS 12498: 潛水鏡檢驗法. Method of test for diving mask, Bureau of Standards, Metrology and Inspection, Republic
Diving_equipment
Scientific organisation in Novosibirsk, Russia
Siberian Scientific Research Institute of Metrology is a scientific organization in Zheleznodorozhny District of Novosibirsk, Russia. It was created in
Siberian Scientific Research Institute of Metrology
Siberian_Scientific_Research_Institute_of_Metrology
Object that defined the kilogram (1889–2019)
third periodic verification 37 years ago. Further, the world's national metrology laboratories must wait for the fourth periodic verification to confirm
International Prototype of the Kilogram
International_Prototype_of_the_Kilogram
German optics company
(non-medical), optical measuring equipment, metrology software and measurement sensor systems. The Industrial Metrology subsidiary provides this equipment to
Zeiss_(company)
Modern form of the metric system
in the SI Brochure are those given in the international vocabulary of metrology. The brochure leaves some scope for local variations, particularly regarding
International_System_of_Units
Study of the deformation of solids that touch each other
et al. (2016). "Surface-specific flow factors for prediction of friction of cross-hatched surfaces" (PDF). Surface Topography: Metrology and Properties
Contact_mechanics
Extremely flat piece of optical-grade glass
used with a monochromatic light to determine the flatness (surface accuracy) of other surfaces (whether optical, metallic, ceramic, or otherwise), by means
Optical_flat
Physical constant in quantum mechanics
to the advancement of Physics by his discovery of energy quanta". In metrology, the Planck constant is used, together with other constants, to define
Planck_constant
Maximum range of an indicator
In metrology and the fields that it serves (such as manufacturing, machining, and engineering), total indicator reading (TIR), also known by the newer
Total_indicator_reading
Indian inventions
and technological of India|cartography, metallurgy, logic, mathematics, metrology and mineralogy were among the branches of study pursued by its scholars
List of Indian inventions and discoveries
List_of_Indian_inventions_and_discoveries
Optical technique for characterizing thin films
optical nanoform metrology". EPJ Web of Conferences. 238: 06006. Duwe, M. (2019). "Thin-film metrology of tilted and curved surfaces by imaging Mueller-matrix
Ellipsometry
Type of safety glass processed to increase its strength
increase its strength compared with normal glass. Tempering puts the outer surfaces into compression and the interior into tension. Such stresses cause the
Tempered_glass
Standards used to define surface quality
"Scratch/Dig Measurement - Optics Metrology - Metrology & Microscopy". www.lambdaphoto.co.uk. Retrieved 2023-12-04. "Optical Surfaces". www.newport.com. Retrieved
Surface imperfections (optics)
Surface_imperfections_(optics)
Force on a mass due to gravity
Group 2 of the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology (JCGM/WG 2) (2008). International vocabulary of metrology – Basic and general concepts and associated
Weight
Support points minimising bending of beams
points (after George Biddell Airy) are used for precision measurement (metrology) to support a length standard in such a way as to minimise bending or
Airy_points
Optical instrument used to measure optical densities in the microscopic domain
measurements is known as the granularity of the measured transmission surface, optical film, or photographic film, in particular . An alternative version
Microdensitometer
Internal combustion engine component
until the advent of digital holography, which has enabled high-definition metrology for measuring all of these listed deviations. Engine Builder Magazine
Valve_seat
System that powers a motor vehicle
dimension; and material surface flatness, waviness, roughness, and porosity. Quality control over these parameters is achieved through metrology technology applied
Powertrain
These factors include dirt, film, or scratches on lens surfaces; reflections from lens surfaces or their mounts; and the slightly imperfect transparency
Veiling_glare
Capacity of an object to radiate electromagnetic energy
The emissivity of the surface of a material is its effectiveness in emitting energy as thermal radiation. Thermal radiation is electromagnetic radiation
Emissivity
Country in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia
Russia, by landmass, is larger than three continents, and has the same surface area as Pluto. Russia has nine major mountain ranges, and they are found
Russia
neutral surface is a conceptual plane within a beam or cantilever. When loaded by a bending force, the beam bends so that the inner surface is in compression
Neutral_plane
Chemical with a high vapor pressure at room temperature
reference standards are available from specialty gas suppliers or national metrology institutes, either in the form of cylinders or dynamic generation methods
Volatile_organic_compound
degrees, it is used in pairs in surveying and in a singular block in metrology. In optical square A Horizon glass is placed at an angle of 120° with
Optical_square
Hexagonal lattice made of carbon atoms
circuit applications. The potential of epitaxial graphene on SiC for metrology has been shown since 2010, displaying quantum Hall resistance quantization
Graphene
Sensor that can create 3D scans using visible light
Walecki, W. J.; Szondy, F.; Hilali, M. M. (2008). "Fast in-line surface topography metrology enabling stress calculation for solar cell manufacturing for
Structured-light_3D_scanner
Systems and Optical Metrology. The departments within the institute are accordingly categorised. Materials and modelling Optical metrology and testing Welding
Bremen Institute for Applied Beam Technology
Bremen_Institute_for_Applied_Beam_Technology
Angle between a cutting tool face and the workpiece
Material". Thread Check Inc. Retrieved 24 November 2019. "Machining & Metrology Unit - Handout (0102)". mmu.ic.polyu.edu.hk. Archived from the original
Rake_angle
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