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Process of determining the nucleic acid sequence
DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence – the order of nucleotides in DNA. It includes any method or technology that is
DNA_sequencing
Method of DNA sequencing developed in 1977
Sanger sequencing is a method of DNA sequencing that involves electrophoresis and is based on the random incorporation of chain-terminating dideoxynucleotides
Sanger_sequencing
Biological theory
DNA sequencing theory is the broad body of work that attempts to lay analytical foundations for determining the order of specific nucleotides in a sequence
DNA_sequencing_theory
Sequencing all the DNA of an individual at once
genome sequencing (WGS), also known as full genome sequencing or just genome sequencing, is the process of determining the entirety of the DNA sequence
Whole_genome_sequencing
Method used for sequencing random DNA strands
In genetics, shotgun sequencing is a method used for sequencing random DNA strands. It is named by analogy with the rapidly expanding, quasi-random shot
Shotgun_sequencing
DNA sequencing technology
DNA nanoball sequencing (DNBSEQ) is a high throughput sequencing technology that is used to determine the entire genomic sequence of an organism. The method
DNA_nanoball_sequencing
DNA sampled from the environment rather than directly from an individual organism
eDNA include, but are not limited to, feces, mucus, gametes, shed skin, carcasses and hair. Samples can be analyzed by high-throughput DNA sequencing methods
Environmental_DNA
Scientific instrument that automates the DNA sequencing process
A DNA sequencer is a scientific instrument used to automate the DNA sequencing process. Given a sample of DNA, a DNA sequencer is used to determine the
DNA_sequencer
In genetics and biochemistry, determining the structure of an unbranched biopolymer
sequenced molecule. DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleotide order of a given DNA fragment. So far, most DNA sequencing has been performed
Sequencing
DNA sequencing using the concept of massively parallel processing
Massively parallel sequencing (MPS) is any of several high-throughput approaches to DNA sequencing using the concept of massively parallel processing;
Massively_parallel_sequencing
DNA / RNA sequencing technique
Nanopore sequencing is a third generation approach used in the sequencing of biopolymers — specifically, polynucleotides in the form of DNA or RNA. Nanopore
Nanopore_sequencing
Nightclub and pizza restaurant in San Francisco, California
chopping block". DNA Sequencing (DNA Lounge blog). July 5, 2009. Retrieved August 29, 2009. "Wherein the Empire Expands". DNA Sequencing (DNA Lounge blog)
DNA_Lounge
Sequencing of all the exons of a genome
base pairs. The second step is to sequence the exonic DNA using any high-throughput DNA sequencing technology. The goal of this approach is to identify
Exome_sequencing
Discipline in genetics
cells. Genomics also involves the sequencing and analysis of genomes through uses of high throughput DNA sequencing and bioinformatics to assemble and
Genomics
Examines sequence information from individual cells
cancer, sequencing the DNA of individual cells can give information about mutations carried by small populations of cells. In development, sequencing the
Single-cell_sequencing
Preparation and analysis method for DNA
double-stranded DNA to detect mutations with higher accuracy and lower error rates. This method uses degenerate molecular tags in addition to sequencing adapters
Duplex_sequencing
American biotechnology company
reversed into Lynx Therapeutics of Hayward. Illumina also uses the DNA colony sequencing technology, invented in 1997 by Pascal Mayer and Laurent Farinelli
Illumina,_Inc.
Method of DNA sequencing
Maxam–Gilbert sequencing is a method of DNA sequencing developed by Allan Maxam and Walter Gilbert in 1976–1977. This method is based on nucleobase-specific
Maxam–Gilbert_sequencing
Single-molecule sequencing technology
Transmission electron microscopy DNA sequencing is a single-molecule sequencing technology that uses transmission electron microscopy techniques. The method
Transmission electron microscopy DNA sequencing
Transmission_electron_microscopy_DNA_sequencing
International scientific research project (1990–2003)
goal of determining the base pairs that make up human DNA, and of identifying, mapping and sequencing all of the genes of the human genome from both a physical
Human_Genome_Project
DNA sequencing method
Illumina dye sequencing is a technique used to determine the series of base pairs in DNA, also known as DNA sequencing. The reversible terminated chemistry
Illumina_dye_sequencing
American scientist and entrepreneur
He is best known for his contributions to genomics, semiconductor DNA sequencing, and personalized medicine. Avantome was acquired by Illumina in 2008
Helmy_Eltoukhy
Technology for screening small molecule compounds
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and identified by virtue of their DNA code (e.g.by DNA sequencing). In evolution-based DEL technologies hits can be further enriched
DNA-encoded_chemical_library
Method of archaeological study
5 million years for a sample to contain sufficient DNA for sequencing technologies. The oldest DNA sequenced from physical specimens are from mammoth
Ancient_DNA
Science of genes, heredity and variation
completed in 2003. New high-throughput sequencing technologies are dramatically lowering the cost of DNA sequencing, with many researchers hoping to bring
Genetics
DNA sequencing
Third-generation sequencing (also known as long-read sequencing) is a class of DNA sequencing methods that have the capability to produce substantially
Third-generation_sequencing
Study and research of genes
RT-PCR, DNA sequencing, and DNA microarrays, and cytogenetic methods such as karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridisation. DNA sequencing is essential
Genetic_analysis
Chemical compound or ion
DNA sequencing techniques are then used to read the sequence of the bisulfite-treated DNA. Those cytosines that are read as cytosines after sequencing represent
Bisulfite
Set of overlapping DNA segments that together represent a consensus region of DNA
contiguous) is a set of overlapping DNA segments that together represent a consensus region of DNA. In bottom-up sequencing projects, a contig refers to overlapping
Contig
Method used to analyze protein interactions with DNA
ChIP-sequencing, also known as ChIP-seq, is a method used to analyze protein interactions with DNA. ChIP-seq combines chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP)
ChIP_sequencing
Method for sequencing DNA
Single-molecule real-time (SMRT) sequencing is a parallelized single molecule DNA sequencing method. Single-molecule real-time sequencing utilizes a zero-mode waveguide
Single-molecule real-time sequencing
Single-molecule_real-time_sequencing
Sequencing by ligation is a DNA sequencing method that uses the enzyme DNA ligase to identify the nucleotide present at a given position in a DNA sequence
Sequencing_by_ligation
Method used to analyze protein interactions with DNA
CUT&Tag-sequencing, also known as cleavage under targets and tagmentation, is a method used to analyze protein interactions with DNA. CUT&Tag-sequencing combines
CUT&Tag_sequencing
Chain-elongating inhibitor of DNA polymerase
Dideoxynucleotides are chain-elongating inhibitors of DNA polymerase, used in the Sanger method for DNA sequencing. They are also known as 2',3' because both the
Dideoxynucleotide
Method used to analyze protein interactions with DNA
CUT&RUN sequencing, also known as cleavage under targets and release using nuclease, is a method used to analyze protein interactions with DNA. CUT&RUN
CUT&RUN_sequencing
Measurement in DNA sequencing
generated by automated DNA sequencing. It was originally developed for the computer program Phred to help in the automation of DNA sequencing in the Human Genome
Phred_quality_score
All genetic material of an organism
repetitive DNA. In mammals and plants, the majority of the genome is composed of repetitive DNA. High-throughput technology makes sequencing to assemble
Genome
bisulfite sequencing is a next-generation sequencing technology used to determine the DNA methylation status of single cytosines by treating the DNA with sodium
Whole genome bisulfite sequencing
Whole_genome_bisulfite_sequencing
DNA sequencing method
semiconductor sequencing is a method of DNA sequencing based on the detection of hydrogen ions that are released during the polymerization of DNA. This is
Ion_semiconductor_sequencing
Computational analysis of large, complex sets of biological data
driven largely by the Human Genome Project and by rapid advances in DNA sequencing technology.[citation needed] Analyzing biological data to produce meaningful
Bioinformatics
British biochemist (1918–2013)
in Cambridge, he developed and subsequently refined the first-ever DNA sequencing technique, which vastly expanded the number of feasible experiments
Frederick_Sanger
Lab technique in cellular biology
transcriptome at a specific time. It enables transcriptome-wide analysis by sequencing cDNA derived from RNA. Modern workflows often incorporate pseudoalignment
RNA-Seq
Era of predictive and personalized medicine
Church wrote The "$1,000 genome" has become shorthand for the promise of DNA-sequencing capability made so affordable that individuals might think the once-in-a-lifetime
$1,000_genome
Study of genetics in natural populations
next-generation sequencing (NGS) techniques, which allows for simultaneous sequencing of high quantities of DNA fragments in parallel. RNA sequencing: This is
Ecological_genetics
Genetic profiling for legal evidence
full DNA profile. However, science is getting closer to creating a full DNA profile using STR analysis on single cells. Mitochondrial DNA sequencing is
Forensic_DNA_analysis
Laboratory technique for DNA methylation profiling
TET-assisted pyridine borane sequencing or TAPS is a laboratory technique in epigenetics for high-throughput profiling of DNA methylation at a single base-pair
TET-assisted pyridine borane sequencing
TET-assisted_pyridine_borane_sequencing
Molecular biology technique
transposase cleaves and tags double-stranded DNA with sequencing adaptors in a single enzymatic step. The tagged DNA fragments are then purified, PCR-amplified
ATAC-seq
Method of species identification using a short section of DNA
streams, which is used to assess water quality. DNA barcoding techniques were developed from early DNA sequencing work on microbial communities using the 5S
DNA_barcoding
American population genomics company
applications created by approved partners. Helix handles sample collection, DNA sequencing, and secure data storage and partners develop on-demand products. Helix
Helix_(genomics_company)
Biological process
genome. PacBio SMRT sequencing offers methylation detection as part of PCR-free DNA sequencing Oxford Nanopore Technologies DNA Sequencing can also be done
DNA_methylation
Commercial genetic testing company
Single-nucleotide polymorphism Test types DNA microarray DNA sequencing Polymerase chain reaction Sanger sequencing Test manufactures Affymetrix Applied Biosystems
FamilyTreeDNA
Medical test to identify changes in DNA or chromosomes
specific changes in chromosomes, DNA, or proteins, depending on the suspected disorders, often using DNA sequencing. The laboratory reports the test results
Genetic_testing
DNA located in mitochondria
Human mitochondrial DNA was the first significant part of the human genome to be sequenced. This sequencing revealed that human mtDNA has 16,569 base pairs
Mitochondrial_DNA
Magnetic sequencing is a single-molecule sequencing method in development. A DNA hairpin, containing the sequence of interest, is bound between a magnetic
Single-molecule magnetic sequencing
Single-molecule_magnetic_sequencing
Molecule that carries genetic information
structures DNA Day – Holiday celebrated on April 25 DNA microarray – Collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface DNA sequencing – Process
DNA
British biophysical chemist
in the field of next-generation sequencing of DNA (that subsequently resulted in Solexa, a high-speed DNA sequencing company that he co-founded), nanopipette-based
David_Klenerman
Research facility in Quezon City, Philippines
Biotechnology at UP Diliman To make DNA sequencing and bioinformatics services accessible to Filipino researchers, the DNA Sequencing Core Facility (DSCF) and Core
Philippine_Genome_Center
Study of genes found in the environment
previously hidden biodiversity and metabolic capabilities. As the cost of DNA sequencing continues to decline, metagenomic studies now routinely profile hundreds
Metagenomics
DRIP-seq (DRIP-sequencing) is a technology for genome-wide profiling of a type of DNA-RNA hybrid called an "R-loop". DRIP-seq utilizes a sequence-independent
DRIP-seq
American company
whole-genome sequencing since normally it has a cost that makes it inaccessible to most people. Both Nebula and BGI use MGI DNBSeq, which is a DNA sequencing technology
Nebula_Genomics
Method of DNA sequencing
non-electrophoretic DNA sequencing (determining the order of nucleotides in DNA) method based on the "sequencing by synthesis" principle, in which the sequencing is performed
Pyrosequencing
Lab procedure detecting 5-methylcytosines in DNA
Bisulfite sequencing (also known as bisulphite sequencing) is the use of bisulfite treatment of DNA before routine sequencing to determine the pattern
Bisulfite_sequencing
American biotechnology company
company that develops and manufactures systems for high-throughput DNA sequencing. Ultima Genomics was founded in 2016 by Gilad Almogy, an Israeli-born
Ultima_Genomics
Scientific technique used in analysing DNA
Polony sequencing is an inexpensive but highly accurate multiplex sequencing technique that can be used to “read” millions of immobilized DNA sequences
Polony_sequencing
Sequencing of amino acid arrangement in a protein
protein-blocked N termini. C-terminal sequencing would greatly help in verifying the primary structures of proteins predicted from DNA sequences and to detect any
Protein_sequencing
Phage immunoprecipitation sequencing (PhIP-Seq) is method that combines barcoded DNA high-throughput sequencing and proteomics to determine the levels
PhIP-Seq
Chinese biotechnology company
HiSeq 2000. The company is known for manufacturing DNA sequencers based on low-cost DNA nanoball sequencing technologies which was refined further after the
MGI_(company)
Database of DNA sequencing data
provides a public repository for DNA sequencing data, especially the "short reads" generated by high-throughput sequencing, which are typically less than
Sequence_Read_Archive
Ancestral origin theory
evolution) and new technologies have become available (confocal microscopy, DNA sequencing, genomics). Additionally, the discovery of Onychophora as its own phylum
Articulata_(superphylum)
DNA sequencing method
5-base sequencing refers to the detection of five nucleotide bases in DNA, including the four standard bases (adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine)
5-base_sequencing
French biophysicist
to the development of a next-generation for an inexpensive and rapid DNA sequencing technology. that would become the basis of Illumina technology, and
Pascal_Mayer
Item sequences in computational linguistics
Venter, J. Craig; Fields, Chris (1993). "A quality control algorithm for dna sequencing projects". Nucleic Acids Research. 21 (16): 3829–3838. doi:10.1093/nar/21
N-gram
Alteration in the nucleotide sequence of a genome
DNA sequence analysis can provide valuable information about these mutations. Molecular sequence analysis: With rapid development of DNA sequencing technology
Mutation
Describes the rate of DNA sequencing or cost per sequenced base as a function of time
The Carlson curve is a term to describe the rate of DNA sequencing or cost per sequenced base as a function of time. It is the biotechnological equivalent
Carlson_curve
American scientist and entrepreneur (born 1963)
American scientist and entrepreneur notable for his contributions to DNA sequencing. He resides in Miami, Florida. Rothberg was born in New Haven, Connecticut
Jonathan_Rothberg
phase DNA sequencing was described in 1989 based on binding of biotinylated DNA to streptavidin-coated magnetic beads and elution of single DNA strands
Solid_phase_sequencing
Field of study
sequencing (SMRT) is a single-molecule DNA sequencing method. Single-molecule real-time sequencing utilizes a zero-mode waveguide (ZMW). A single DNA
Epigenomics
Measure of the completeness of DNA sequencing
coverage is one of several measures of the depth or completeness of DNA sequencing, and is more specifically expressed in any of the following terms: Sequence
Coverage_(genetics)
American geneticist (born 1942)
Allan Maxam developed a DNA sequencing method - now called Maxam-Gilbert sequencing - which combined chemicals that cut DNA only at specific bases with
Allan_Maxam
American geneticist (born 1928–2008)
for DNA sequencing, earlier than the Frederick Sanger's method in 1975 and Walter Gilbert's chemical procedure in 1977. Wu's contributions on DNA sequencing
Ray_Wu
fitness of transposon insertion mutants via DNA sequencing approaches. Transposons are highly regulated, discrete DNA segments that can relocate within the
Transposon_sequencing
Linked-read sequencing, a type of DNA sequencing technology, uses specialized technique that tags DNA molecules with unique barcodes before fragmenting
Linked-read_sequencing
DNA sequencing method
consecutive short ones. The DNA of interest may be a plasmid insert, a PCR product or a fragment representing a gap when sequencing a genome. The term "primer
Primer_walking
molecular "tags" added to DNA fragments in some next generation sequencing library preparation protocols to identify the input DNA molecule. These tags are
Unique_molecular_identifier
Type of genetic marker
genotyping by sequencing presents an approach similar to the RAD-seq method, they differ in some substantial ways. The use of the flanking DNA sequences around
Restriction site associated DNA markers
Restriction_site_associated_DNA_markers
Short strand of RNA or DNA that serves as a starting point for DNA synthesis
molecular biology that require in vitro DNA synthesis (such as DNA sequencing and polymerase chain reaction) usually use DNA primers, since they are more temperature
Primer_(molecular_biology)
Method for separation and analysis of biomolecules
technique for other methods such as mass spectrometry, RFLP, PCR, cloning, DNA sequencing, or Southern blotting for further characterization. Electrophoresis
Gel_electrophoresis
American geneticist
proof-of-concepts of next-generation DNA sequencing. Shendure's research group at the University of Washington pioneered exome sequencing and its application to Mendelian
Jay_Shendure
Complete set of nucleic acid sequences for humans
non-functional junk DNA, such as pseudogenes, but there is no firm consensus on the total amount of junk DNA. In 2000, scientists reported the sequencing of 88% of
Human_genome
Aggressive type of brain cancer
of IDH1 R132H immunopositivity should be followed by IDH1 and IDH2 DNA sequencing to detect or exclude the presence of non-canonical mutations. IDH-wild-type
Glioblastoma
Field of anthropology
branch. With DNA newly discovered as the genetic material, in the early 1960s protein sequencing was beginning to take off. Protein sequencing began on cytochrome
Molecular_anthropology
Species of great ape
bonobo are the only species in the genus Pan. Evidence from fossils and DNA sequencing shows that the two species are humans' closest living relatives. The
Chimpanzee
Iranian molecular biologist
verified in body]) is an Iranian molecular biologist, specializing in DNA sequencing methodology. As of 2008[update], he was the Chief Technology Officer
Mostafa_Ronaghi
Method for analyzing DNA methylation using enzymes
Enzymatic conversion has reduced DNA damage and loss than bisulfite-treated libraries generally leading to higher quality sequencing libraries characterized by
Enzymatic_methyl-seq
Technique used to identify individuals via DNA characteristics
DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting and genetic fingerprinting) is the process of determining an individual's deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) characteristics
DNA_profiling
multiple DNA samples. After digestion, PCR is performed to increase fragments pool and then GBS libraries are sequenced using next generation sequencing technologies
Genotyping_by_sequencing
Sequence of DNA that determines traits in an organism
subsequent development of chain-termination DNA sequencing in 1977 by Frederick Sanger improved the efficiency of sequencing and turned it into a routine laboratory
Gene
Method of DNA sequence reconstruction
merging fragments from a longer DNA sequence in order to reconstruct the original sequence. This is needed as DNA sequencing technology might not be able
Sequence_assembly
DNA sequencing method
Circular consensus sequencing (CCS) is a DNA sequencing method that is used in conjunction with single-molecule real-time sequencing to yield highly accurate
Circular_consensus_sequencing
Various uses and techniques of polymerase chain reaction in the laboratory
specific applications in molecular biology, such as genetic analysis, DNA sequencing, and disease diagnosis, by modifying factors like primer design, temperature
Variants_of_PCR
DNA SEQUENCING
DNA SEQUENCING
Female
Native American
Native American Hopi name UNA means "remember." Compare with another form of Una.
Female
Irish
Short form of Irish Gaelic CatrÃona, RÃONA means "pure."
Female
English
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Eithne, ENA means "kernel."
Male
English
English surname transferred to unisex forename use, possibly DANA means "from Denmark."
Girl/Female
English American
A names ending in 'ina' or 'ena' (ie. Christina) used as a nickname. Famous bearer: In 1906...
Female
English
 Variant spelling of English Oona, possibly ONA means "famine, hunger." Compare with another form of Ona.
Female
Italian
 Short form of Italian Adona, DONA means "my lord."
Female
Hebrew
(×¢Ö¶×“Ö°× Ö¸×”) Hebrew name EDNA means "delight, pleasure, rejuvenation." In the apocryphal Book of Tobit, this is the name of the mother of Sarah. Compare with another form of Edna.
Female
English
 English surname transferred to unisex forename use, possibly DANA means "from Denmark." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Female
Spanish
Portuguese and Spanish form of Latin Anna, ANA means "favor; grace."Â Compare with another form of Ana.
Female
English
 Variant spelling of English Dinah, DINA means "judgment." Compare with another form of Dina.
Female
Irish
Irish Gaelic form of French Catherine, CAITRÃONA means "pure."
Female
Hebrew
(×“Ö¼Ö¸× Ö¸×”) Feminine form of Hebrew Dan, DANA means "judge." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Female
Scottish
 Short form of Scottish Murdina, DINA means "sea warrior." Compare with another form of Dina.
Female
Serbian
(Bulgarian and Serbian Ðна): Bulgarian and Serbian form of Greek Hanna, ANA means "favor; grace."
Female
Slavic
 Short form of Slavic Bogdana, DANA means "gift from God." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Female
Polish
Polish name of Lithuanian origin, GRAŻYNA means "beautiful."
Female
English
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Úna, probably UNA means "famine, hunger." Compare with another form of Una.
Female
Irish
Irish Gaelic name FÃONA means "vine."
Female
Portuguese
Portuguese form of Greek Lydia, LÃDIA means "of Lydia."
DNA SEQUENCING
DNA SEQUENCING
Boy/Male
Egyptian
God of the sky.
Girl/Female
Indian
Happy, Girl, Blessing with Love, Waterfall
Male
French
Old French form of Latin Johan, JEHAN means "God is gracious."
Girl/Female
Indian
Leader
Girl/Female
Muslim
Chaste, Virtuous, Protected
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Ocean of Mercy
Surname or Lastname
English (Oxfordshire)
English (Oxfordshire) : occupational name from Old French cousere ‘tailor’. This name is now well established in Barbados.
Biblical
Haggi, a stranger
Boy/Male
Hindu
Brilliant
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Marathi
Agreed; Consented
DNA SEQUENCING
DNA SEQUENCING
DNA SEQUENCING
DNA SEQUENCING
DNA SEQUENCING
n.
A small truck or sledge used in coal mines.
n.
A disease; black jaundice. See Mel/na.
n.
See Doa.
n.
A title of honor equivalent to master, or sir.
n.
Lady; mistress; madam; -- a title of respect used in Spain, prefixed to the Christian name of a lady.
adv.
Of each; an equal quantity; as, wine and honey, ana (or, contracted, aa), / ij., that is, of wine and honey, each, two ounces.
n.
A piece of DNA, usually circular, functioning as part of the genetic material of a cell, not integrated with the chromosome and replicating independently of the chromosome, but transferred, like the chromosome, to subsequent generations. In bacteria, plasmids often carry the genes for antibiotic resistance; they are exploited in genetic engineering as the vehicles for introduction of extraneous DNA into cells, to alter the genetic makeup of the cell. The cells thus altered may produce desirable proteins which are extracted and used; in the case of genetically altered plant cells, the altered cells may grow into complete plants with changed properties, as for example, increased resistance to disease.
pl.
of Auto-da-fe
n.
A title anciently given to the pope, and later to other church dignitaries and some monastic orders. See Don, and Dan.
n.
An ancient musical instrument in use among the Jews. Dan. iii. 5. It is supposed to be the same with the psaltery.
n.
A viola da gamba.
n.
A descendant of Dan; an Israelite of the tribe of Dan.
n.
A variant of Dan, a title of honor.
n.
Same as Auto-da-fe.
a. & adv.
No, not. See No.