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Computer memory architecture
science, distributed shared memory (DSM) is a form of memory architecture where physically separated memories can be addressed as a single shared address
Distributed_shared_memory
Multiprocessing memory architecture
advantage of distributed (shared) memory is that it is easier to design a machine that scales with the algorithm Distributed shared memory hides the mechanism
Distributed_memory
Computer memory that can be accessed by multiple processes
alternatives to shared memory are distributed memory and distributed shared memory, each having a similar set of issues. In computer software, shared memory is either
Shared_memory
Chinese-American computer scientist
entitled "Shared Virtual Memory on Loosely Coupled Microprocessors", thus opening up the field of research that is now known as distributed shared memory (DSM)
Kai_Li
Distributed computing architecture
A shared-memory architecture (SM) is a distributed computing architecture in which the nodes share the same memory as well as the same storage. It contrasts
Shared-memory_architecture
Computing technique used to achieve parallelism
context of either physically shared memory or logically shared (but physically distributed) memory; in addition to the shared memory, the CPUs in the computer
Single_program,_multiple_data
Model in software programming
This is useful for defining correct data structures in distributed shared memory or distributed transactions. Causal Consistency is “Available under Partition”
Causal_consistency
GPU microarchitecture designed by Nvidia
atomics in the shared memory of other thread blocks within its cluster, otherwise known as distributed shared memory. Distributed shared memory may be used
Hopper_(microarchitecture)
Rules that guarantee predictable computer memory operation
predictable. Consistency models are used in distributed systems like distributed shared memory systems or distributed data stores (such as filesystems, databases
Consistency_model
Sharing information to ensure consistency in computing
using replication appears in distributed shared memory systems, where many nodes of the system share the same page of memory. This usually means that each
Replication_(computing)
used in the domain of concurrent programming (e.g., in distributed shared memory, distributed transactions). The protocol is said to support strong consistency
Strong_consistency
Open-source data analytics cluster computing framework
function as a working set for distributed programs that offers a (deliberately) restricted form of distributed shared memory. Inside Apache Spark the workflow
Apache_Spark
Open standard for parallelizing
run OpenMP on software distributed shared memory systems, to translate OpenMP into MPI and to extend OpenMP for non-shared memory systems. OpenMP is an
OpenMP
Programming paradigm in which many processes are executed simultaneously
make about the underlying memory architecture—shared memory, distributed memory, or shared distributed memory. Shared memory programming languages communicate
Parallel_computing
Consistency model in concurrent computing
model used in the domain of concurrent computing (e.g. in distributed shared memory, distributed transactions, etc.). It is the property that "... the result
Sequential_consistency
Computer science term
operating system. The distributed memory pool can then be utilized as a high-speed cache, a messaging layer, or a large, shared memory resource for a CPU
Memory_virtualization
System with multiple networked computers
CPUs share resources or not determines a first distinction between three types of architecture: Shared memory Shared disk Shared nothing. Distributed programming
Distributed_computing
System with more than one processor
Shared memory multiprocessor system Distributed memory multiprocessor system Uniform memory access (UMA) system cc–NUMA system Hybrid system – shared
Multiprocessor system architecture
Multiprocessor_system_architecture
Transaction tracker in computer systems
transactions, and its goal is to maintain a cache coherency in distributed shared memory systems. This scheme was introduced by Ravishankar and Goodman
Bus_snooping
Computing technique employed to achieve parallelism
of either shared memory or distributed memory categories. These classifications are based on how MIMD processors access memory. Shared memory machines
Multiple instruction, multiple data
Multiple_instruction,_multiple_data
Software that manages computer hardware resources
distributed shared memory, in which the operating system uses virtualization to generate shared memory that does not physically exist. A distributed system
Operating_system
Mathematical model of memory
Sparse distributed memory (SDM) is a mathematical model of human long-term memory introduced by Pentti Kanerva in 1988 while he was at NASA Ames Research
Sparse_distributed_memory
mechanism to handle cache coherence problem in distributed shared memory (DSM) a.k.a. non-uniform memory access (NUMA). Another popular way is to use a
Directory-based_coherence
Concept in computing
blackboard metaphor. Tuple space may be thought as a form of distributed shared memory. Tuple spaces were the theoretical underpinning of the Linda language
Tuple_space
Set of computers configured in a distributed computing system
the world's fastest machine in 2011 was the K computer which has a distributed memory, cluster architecture. Greg Pfister has stated that clusters were
Computer_cluster
Type of consistency in programming which is based synchronization
concurrent programming (e.g. in distributed shared memory, distributed transactions etc.). In modern parallel computing systems, memory consistency must be maintained
Release_consistency
Message-passing system for parallel computers
shared memory concept, and MPI-2 has only a limited distributed shared memory concept. Nonetheless, MPI programs are regularly run on shared-memory computers
Message_Passing_Interface
Supercomputing Center in 1996. Like the previous Cray T3D, it was a fully distributed memory machine using a 3D torus topology interconnection network. The T3E
Cray_T3E
Type of distributed computing architecture
shared-nothing architecture (SN) is a distributed computing architecture in which each update request is satisfied by a single node (processor/memory/storage
Shared-nothing_architecture
Open standard processor interconnection for data centers
processor, and/or pooling each device to multiple host processors, in distributed shared memory and disaggregated storage configurations; it also implements device
Compute_Express_Link
RAM consistency methods in multicore computers
protocol and its derivatives MESI, MOSI and MOESI. Cache coherence Distributed shared memory Race condition Censier, L.M.; Feautrier, P. (December 1978). "A
Memory_coherence
Database whose data is stored in different physical locations
distributed queries and distributed transactions form part of distributed SQL. There are 3 main architecture types for distributed databases: Shared-memory:
Distributed_database
Topics referred to by the same term
used by Synology Distributed shared memory, software and hardware implementations in which each cluster node accesses a large shared memory Door status monitor
DSM
Type of decentralized filesystem
architectural approaches to a shared-disk filesystem. Some distribute file information across all the servers in a cluster (fully distributed). Blue Whale Clustered
Clustered_file_system
Israeli computer scientist
RSA encryption, and secret sharing. Beyond cryptography, he also made important contributions in distributed shared-memory consensus and in the discovery
Benny_Chor
Parallel programming model paradigm in computer science
SPMD programming style for distributed memory systems (as employed by MPI) with the data referencing semantics of shared memory systems. In contrast to message
Partitioned global address space
Partitioned_global_address_space
Parallel computing platform and programming model
addresses in memory Unified virtual memory (CUDA 4.0 and above) Unified memory (CUDA 6.0 and above) Shared memory – CUDA exposes a fast shared memory region
CUDA
Concept in distributed computing
a framework for distributed components using a messaging paradigm. JavaSpaces is a Sun specification for a distributed, shared memory (space based) Pyro
Distributed_object
Equivalence of all cached copies of a memory location
system, if multiple clients have a cached copy of the same region of a shared memory resource, all copies are the same. Without cache coherence, a change
Cache_coherence
Distributed computing architecture
which they also share memory. Shared-disk has two advantages over Shared-memory. Firstly, each processor has its own memory, the memory bus is not a bottleneck;
Shared-disk_architecture
Series of server computers
by an interconnection network. It uses the distributed shared memory sometimes called Scalable Shared-Memory Multiprocessing (S2MP) architecture. The Origin
SGI_Origin_2000
Computer network technology
interconnect developed by Silicon Graphics (SGI) for use in its distributed shared memory ccNUMA computer systems. NUMAlink was originally developed by
NUMAlink
Temporary context for interactive information interchange
this technique), sharing session information with a partner node using distributed shared memory or memory virtualization, sharing session information
Session_(computer_science)
Supercomputer family
and 16 bits for ECC. Because the Origin 3000 uses a distributed shared memory model, directory memory is used to maintain cache coherency between the processors
SGI_Origin_3000_and_Onyx_3000
1980s multiprocessor for shared memory
support distributed shared memory for up to 64 processors. Stanford DASH was also notable for both supporting and helping to formalize weak memory consistency
Stanford_DASH
Supercomputer family
4000 series based on the Itanium 2. The Altix 3000 and 4000 are distributed shared memory multiprocessors. SGI later officially supported 1024-processor
SGI_Altix
1981–2009 American computing company
processors, memory, and I/O devices is done through a switched fabric of links and routers. Thanks to the cache coherence of the distributed shared memory, SN
Silicon_Graphics
Type of programming language
including Sun Microsystems and IBM. The Linda model provides a distributed shared memory, known as a tuple space because its basic addressable unit is
Linda_(coordination_language)
TreadMarks is a distributed shared memory system created at Rice University in the 1990s. Keheler, Pete; Cox, Alan; Dwarkadas, Sandhya; Zwaenepoel, Willy
TreadMarks
Form of non-volatile memory used in computers and other electronic devices
programmable devices can be distributed as plug-in cartridges containing ROM. Strictly speaking, read-only memory refers to hard-wired memory, such as diode matrix
Read-only_memory
Overview of and topical guide to computers
Declarative memory Delay line memory Deterministic memory Direct memory access Distributed memory Distributed shared memory Drum memory Dynamic memory allocation
Outline_of_computers
Psychologic theory
memory. So the intelligence is distributed, both between people, and a person and an object. Another well-researched site for analyzing distributed cognition
Distributed_cognition
Type of computer memory
Magnetoresistive random-access memory (MRAM) is a type of non-volatile random-access memory which stores data in magnetic domains. Developed in the mid-1980s
Magnetoresistive_RAM
Shared knowledge and values of a social group
Collective memory is the shared pool of memories, knowledge and information of a social group that is significantly associated with the group's identity
Collective_memory
models used in the domain of concurrent programming (e.g. in distributed shared memory, distributed transactions etc.). A protocol is said to support weak consistency
Weak_consistency
Design of high-performance computers
age of massively parallel systems, with distributed memory and distributed file systems, given that shared memory architectures could not scale to a large
Supercomputer_architecture
Manual, ISO/IEC 8652:2005(E) Ed. 3, Section 9: Tasks and Synchronization "Distributed Systems". www.adaic.org. "Vak.ru" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF)
Comparison of programming languages
Comparison_of_programming_languages
Type of shared data structure
In distributed computing, shared-memory systems and message-passing systems are two widely studied methods of interprocess communication. In shared-memory
Shared_register
Consistency model in concurrent computing
models used in the domain of concurrent computing (e.g. in distributed shared memory, distributed transactions, etc.). A system exhibits processor consistency
Processor_consistency
Parallel version of breadth-first search algorithm
communication cost. Compared to parallel BFS with distributed memory, shared memory provides higher memory-bandwidth and lower latency due to direct access
Parallel_breadth-first_search
Type of memory used on processors that require high transfer rate memory
die HBM memory on an AMD Radeon R9 Nano graphics card's GPU package The HBM DRAM is tightly coupled to the host compute die with a distributed interface
High_Bandwidth_Memory
Operating system designed to operate on multiple systems over a network computer
Basis for a Distributed Logic Computer Algorithms for scalable synchronization on shared-memory multiprocessors Measurements of a distributed file system
Distributed_operating_system
Computer memory that loses its contents when unpowered
Volatile memory, in contrast to non-volatile memory, is computer memory that requires power to maintain the stored information; it retains its contents
Volatile_memory
American computer scientist and academic
Carlson, William; Sterling, Thomas; Yelick, Katherine (2005). UPC: Distributed Shared Memory Programming. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-47837-9. "Sparsity"
Katherine_Yelick
Decentralized distributed system with lookup service
A distributed hash table (DHT) is a distributed system that provides a lookup service similar to a hash table. Key–value pairs are stored in a DHT, and
Distributed_hash_table
Data structure in distributed computing
In distributed computing, a shared snapshot object is a type of data structure, which is shared between several threads or processes. For many tasks, it
Shared_snapshot_objects
Indian computer architecture researcher
(CGMT or switch-on-event SOE) microprocessor, Alewife, a scalable distributed shared memory multiprocessor, Virtual Wires, a scalable FPGA-based logic emulation
Anant_Agarwal
Abstract data type in computer science
scalability. In the following, shared and distributed memory architectures are considered. In the case of a shared memory model, the graph representations
Graph_(abstract_data_type)
Performance-degrading usage pattern
(1993-09-22). "False sharing and its effect on shared memory performance". Sedms'93: USENIX Systems on USENIX Experiences with Distributed and Multiprocessor
False_sharing
Cluster dedicated operating system
some SSI systems this can even include shared memory (can be emulated in software with distributed shared memory). In most cases inter-node IPC will be
Single_system_image
Computer memory used for small quantities of data
or E2PROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory) is a type of non-volatile memory. It is used in computers, usually integrated in microcontrollers
EEPROM
Distributed data processing framework
software utilities for reliable, scalable, distributed computing. It provides a software framework for distributed storage and processing of big data using
Apache_Hadoop
Clustering system for Linux
kernel modification. Kerrighed provides several features such as a distributed shared memory with a sequential consistency model, processes migration from
Kerrighed
Joint use of a resource or space
pasture or a shared residence. Still more loosely, "sharing" can actually mean giving something as an outright gift: for example, to "share" one's food
Sharing
Abstraction of parallel computer architecture
interaction are shared memory and message passing, but interaction can also be implicit (invisible to the programmer). Shared memory is an efficient means
Parallel_programming_model
Type of computer memory
random-access memory (dynamic RAM or DRAM) is a type of random-access semiconductor memory that stores each bit of data in a memory cell. A DRAM memory cell usually
Dynamic_random-access_memory
American computer scientist
machine, a systolic array of VLIW processors, and the Stanford DASH distributed shared memory machine. In 1998, she took a sabbatical leave from Stanford to
Monica_S._Lam
Classification of computer architectures
Electric Corporation SX-3 that supported 4-10 vector processors with a shared memory (see NEC SX architecture). This scheme uses the SIMD (single instruction
Duncan's_taxonomy
Early type of computer memory
electronic computer memory, delay-line memory was a refreshable memory, but as opposed to modern random-access memory, delay-line memory was sequential-access
Delay-line_memory
Mainframe operating system by ICL
shared between nodes. Nodes are connected using a high-speed optical bus, which is used to provide applications with a virtual shared memory. Memory segments
ICL_VME
used in the domain of parallel programming, for example in distributed shared memory, distributed transactions, and Optimistic replication The delta consistency
Delta_consistency
Type of operating system kernel
a network of independent cores, as if it were a distributed system. It does not assume shared memory but rather implements inter-process communications
Multikernel
Sharing of data between running processes in a computer system
queues, semaphores, and shared memory RISC OS's messages Solaris Doors System V's message queues, semaphores, and shared memory Linux Transparent Inter
Inter-process_communication
Equal sharing of all resources by multiple identical processors
Symmetric multiprocessing or shared-memory multiprocessing (SMP) involves a multiprocessor computer hardware and software architecture where two or more
Symmetric_multiprocessing
Type of computer memory
Static random-access memory (static RAM or SRAM) is a type of random-access memory (RAM) that uses latching circuitry (flip-flop) to store each bit. SRAM
Static_random-access_memory
Operating system
running parallel applications within MULTIPLUS. MULTIPLUS is a distributed shared-memory multiprocessor designed to have a modular architecture, which
Plurix
Early form of read-only memory
Core rope memory is a form of read-only memory (ROM) for computers. It was used in the UNIVAC I (Universal Automatic Computer I) and the UNIVAC II, developed
Core_rope_memory
2007 computer trojan
hardware resource comparison between the Storm botnet and distributed memory and distributed shared memory high performance computers at TOP500, exact performance
Storm_Worm
access, sharing and reusability of the information. Diverse environmental memory is embedded in different regions and this "spatially distributed environmental
Environmental_memory
Type of computer memory used from 1955 to 1975
magnetic-core memory is a form of random-access memory. It predominated for roughly 20 years between 1955 and 1975, and is often just called core memory, or, informally
Magnetic-core_memory
Novel type of computer memory
Ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM, F-RAM or FRAM) is a random-access memory similar in construction to DRAM but using a ferroelectric layer instead of a dielectric
Ferroelectric_RAM
Executing several computations during overlapping time periods
involve multi-threading, support for distributed computing, message passing, shared resources (including shared memory) or futures and promises. Such languages
Concurrent_computing
Obsolete type of non-volatile computer memory
Bubble memory is a type of non-volatile computer memory that uses a thin film of a magnetic material to hold small magnetized areas, known as bubbles or
Bubble_memory
Discontinued computer memory type
XPoint (pronounced three-D cross point) is a discontinued non-volatile memory (NVM) technology developed jointly by Intel and Micron Technology. It was
3D_XPoint
Computer memory that does not lose its contents after being turned off
Non-volatile memory (NVM) or non-volatile storage is a type of computer memory that can retain stored information even after power is removed. In contrast
Non-volatile_memory
Component that stores information
located in computer memory. The terms memory, main memory, and primary storage are also used for computer memory. Computer memory is often referred to
Computer_memory
Data structure that can be used by multiple threads
storage environment known as shared memory, which may be physically implemented as either a tightly coupled or a distributed collection of storage modules
Concurrent_data_structure
Graphics subsystem by Silicon Graphics
different platforms, the traditional shared memory bus-based Onyx using the POWERpath-2 bus, and the distributed shared memory network-based Onyx2 using the
InfiniteReality
Lustre. LizardFS a networking, distributed file system based on MooseFS Moose File System (MooseFS) is a networking, distributed file system. It spreads data
List_of_file_systems
Defunct clustering system for Linux
shared memory, semaphores, SYSV message queues, pipes and Unix domain sockets. In order to implement cluster wide shared memory – distributed shared memory
OpenSSI
DISTRIBUTED SHARED-MEMORY
DISTRIBUTED SHARED-MEMORY
Girl/Female
Biblical
Destroying, wearing out.
Boy/Male
Indian
Distributor, Divider
Boy/Male
Muslim/Islamic
Divider distributor
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Honey
Boy/Male
Muslim
Distributor, Divider
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Distribute Love
Girl/Female
American, Australian
Honor Confers a Crown
Girl/Female
Indian
Honey, Witness, Patriot
Boy/Male
Muslim
Distributor, Divider
Girl/Female
American, Australian, Hebrew
Fertile Plain; Place Name; A Plain; It Refers to Flat Land at the Foot of Mount Carmel
Boy/Male
Afghan, Arabic
Kind Hearted
Girl/Female
American, Australian, French, German, Hebrew, Jamaican
Beloved; A Man; The Plain; Dearest
Girl/Female
Arabic
Distributor
Boy/Male
Arabic, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit, Telugu
Autumn; Name of a Season
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Sanskrit
Autumn
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
One who Distributes
Boy/Male
Indian
Distributor, Divider
Girl/Female
Muslim
Honey, Witness, Patriot
Boy/Male
Indian, Modern
Distribute the Knowledge
Girl/Female
Arabic, Iranian, Muslim
Honey
DISTRIBUTED SHARED-MEMORY
DISTRIBUTED SHARED-MEMORY
Female
Turkish
Turkish name FIDAN means "sapling."
Girl/Female
Hindu
Vanquisher of ailments
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Paradise; Heaven; Eternal
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Hamblin.
Girl/Female
Indian
Pleasure trip, Promenade
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Youthful
Boy/Male
Hindu
A part of Gauri parwati
Girl/Female
Tamil
Well born woman
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Flemings.
Girl/Female
Latin American Greek
True image; honest image. Biblical - from the maiden who handed Christ her handkerchief on the...
DISTRIBUTED SHARED-MEMORY
DISTRIBUTED SHARED-MEMORY
DISTRIBUTED SHARED-MEMORY
DISTRIBUTED SHARED-MEMORY
DISTRIBUTED SHARED-MEMORY
n.
A distributer.
n.
One who, or that which, distributes or deals out anything; a dispenser.
a.
Shaped like a diamond or rhombus.
a.
Shaped like a globe.
v. t.
To separate or divide into portions or shares; to parcel; to distribute.
a.
Shaped like an awl.
v. i.
To distribute wealth; to share one's abundance with others.
a.
Tending to distribute or be distributed; that distributes; distributive.
imp. & p. p.
of Distribute
a.
Shaped like a saddle.
imp. & p. p.
of Share
imp. & p. p.
of Shred
a.
Shaped like a wheel.
v.
A certain quantity; a portion; a part; a division; as, a small share of prudence.
a.
Shaped like a strap; ligulate; as, a strap-shaped corolla.
v. t.
To part among two or more; to distribute in portions; to divide.
n.
One who shares; a participator; a partaker; also, a divider; a distributer.
a.
Parted; disunited; distributed.
v. t.
To dispense; to administer; as, to distribute justice.
n.
To divide into shares; to divide and distribute; to allot; to apportion; to share.