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Academic journal
Complexity is a peer-reviewed open-access scientific journal covering the field of complex adaptive systems. The journal's scope includes Chaos theory
Complexity_(journal)
Estimate of time taken for running an algorithm
the time complexity is the computational complexity that describes the amount of computer time it takes to run an algorithm. Time complexity is commonly
Time_complexity
Index of articles associated with the same name
Particle Physics Journal of Physics Communications Journal of Physics: Complexity Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter (merger of Journal of Physics C: Solid
Journal_of_Physics
Feature of systems that defy description
Complexity characterizes the behavior of a system or model whose components interact in multiple ways and follow local rules, leading to non-linearity
Complexity
Branch of mathematical logic
Descriptive complexity is a branch of computational complexity theory and of finite model theory that characterizes complexity classes by the type of logic
Descriptive_complexity_theory
Academic journal
Ecological Complexity is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of biocomplexity in the environment and theoretical ecology with
Ecological_Complexity
Unproven computational hardness assumption
In computational complexity theory, the exponential time hypothesis or ETH is an unproven computational hardness assumption that was formulated by Impagliazzo
Exponential_time_hypothesis
Measure of algorithmic complexity
theory (a subfield of computer science and mathematics), the Kolmogorov complexity of an object, such as a piece of text, is the length of a shortest computer
Kolmogorov_complexity
Application of complexity science to economics
Complexity economics, or economic complexity, is the application of complexity science to the problems of economics. It relaxes several common assumptions
Complexity_economics
Topics referred to by the same term
album Case Study 01 Complexity (journal) Computational complexity, of algorithms Computational complexity theory Game complexity, in combinatorial game
Complexity_(disambiguation)
Algorithmic runtime requirements for common math procedures
the computational complexity of various algorithms for common mathematical operations. Here, complexity refers to the time complexity of performing computations
Computational complexity of mathematical operations
Computational_complexity_of_mathematical_operations
German sociologist (1927–1998)
encoding and decoding", in New Atlantis. Nature and Human Sciences and Complexity Journal, Year 28th – n° 2 – Jul/Dec. 2013, pp. 57–60, ISSN 2281-9495, ISBN 978-88-548-6611-9
Niklas_Luhmann
Complexity of sending information in a distributed algorithm
In theoretical computer science, communication complexity studies the amount of communication required to solve a problem when the input to the problem
Communication_complexity
French philosopher and sociologist (1921–2026)
of the theory of information who has been recognised for his work on complexity and Complex Thought, and for his scholarly contributions to such diverse
Edgar_Morin
Research psychometric
Integrative complexity is a research psychometric that refers to the degree to which thinking and reasoning involve the recognition and integration of
Integrative_complexity
Conversion calculation in petroluem refinery
The Nelson complexity index (NCI) is a measure to compare the secondary conversion capacity of a petroleum refinery with the primary distillation capacity
Nelson_complexity_index
Measure of the structural complexity of a software program
Cyclomatic complexity is a software metric used to indicate the complexity of a program. It is a quantitative measure of the number of linearly independent
Cyclomatic_complexity
Notion in combinatorial game theory
Combinatorial game theory measures game complexity in several ways: State-space complexity (the number of legal game positions from the initial position)
Game_complexity
Inherent difficulty of computational problems
In theoretical computer science and mathematics, computational complexity theory focuses on classifying computational problems according to their resource
Computational complexity theory
Computational_complexity_theory
Complexity class
science, PPAD ("Polynomial Parity Arguments on Directed graphs") is a complexity class introduced by Christos Papadimitriou in 1994. PPAD is a subclass
PPAD_(complexity)
Conceptual framework
sociology, social complexity is a conceptual framework used in the analysis of society. In the sciences, contemporary definitions of complexity are found in
Social_complexity
Russian mathematician (born 1954)
of the Journal Computational Complexity, Journal of Applicable Algebra in Engineering, Communications and Computations and Groups, Complexity, Cryptology
Dima_Grigoriev
Concept in psychology
Bieri in 1955 with Cognitive complexity-simplicity and predictive behavior which was published that year in The Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology
Cognitive_complexity
In computational complexity theory, SL (Symmetric Logspace or Sym-L) is the complexity class of problems log-space reducible to USTCON (undirected s-t
SL_(complexity)
Computational complexity class
polynomial time", SIAM Journal on Computing, 1 (4): 281–287, doi:10.1137/0201019. Book, R. (1974), "Comparing complexity classes", Journal of Computer and System
E_(complexity)
Self-complexity is a person's perceived knowledge of themself, based upon the number of distinct cognitive structures, or self-aspects, they believe to
Self-complexity
Information-based complexity (IBC) studies optimal algorithms and computational complexity for the continuous problems that arise in physical science,
Information-based_complexity
Subfield of computer science and mathematics
Computational Complexity Journal of Complexity ACM Transactions on Algorithms Information Processing Letters Open Computer Science (open access journal) Annual
Theoretical_computer_science
Computational complexity of quantum algorithms
Quantum complexity theory is the subfield of computational complexity theory that deals with complexity classes defined using quantum computers, a computational
Quantum_complexity_theory
System composed of many interacting components
David (2018-03-01). "Using Complexity and Network Concepts to Inform Healthcare Knowledge Translation". International Journal of Health Policy and Management
Complex_system
Field in logic and theoretical computer science
science, and specifically proof theory and computational complexity theory, proof complexity is the field aiming to understand and analyse the computational
Proof_complexity
Project complexity is the property of a project which makes it difficult to understand, foresee, and keep under control its overall behavior, even when
Project_complexity
Computer memory needed by an algorithm
The space complexity of an algorithm or a data structure is the amount of memory space required to solve an instance of the computational problem as a
Space_complexity
Application of complexity theory to strategy
Complexity theory and organizations, also called complexity strategy or complex adaptive organizations, is the use of the study of complexity systems
Complexity theory and organizations
Complexity_theory_and_organizations
Measure of complexity of real-valued functions
learning theory (machine learning and theory of computation), Rademacher complexity, named after Hans Rademacher, measures richness of a class of sets with
Rademacher_complexity
Model of computational complexity
In theoretical computer science, circuit complexity is a branch of computational complexity theory in which Boolean functions are classified according
Circuit_complexity
Complexity class (logarithmic space)
In computational complexity theory, L (also known as LSPACE, LOGSPACE or DLOGSPACE) is the complexity class containing decision problems that can be solved
L_(complexity)
science, and specifically computational complexity theory and circuit complexity, TC (Threshold Circuit) is a complexity class of decision problems that can
TC_(complexity)
Class in computational complexity theory
}{=}}{\mathsf {P}}} More unsolved problems in computer science In computational complexity theory, the class NC (for "Nick's Class") is the set of decision problems
NC_(complexity)
academic journals published by MDPI. As of September 2022, MDPI publishes 399 peer-reviewed academic journals and nine conference journals. Contents
List of MDPI academic journals
List_of_MDPI_academic_journals
Task of computing complete subgraphs
Ge (2006), "Strong computational lower bounds via parameterized complexity", Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 72 (8): 1346–1367, doi:10.1016/j
Clique_problem
Branch of computational complexity theory
In computer science, parameterized complexity is a branch of computational complexity theory that focuses on classifying computational problems according
Parameterized_complexity
Complexity class
In computational complexity theory, PPA is a complexity class, standing for "Polynomial Parity Argument" (on a graph). Introduced by Christos Papadimitriou
PPA_(complexity)
Overview of and topical guide to combinatorics
Series A Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series B Journal of Complexity Journal of Cryptology Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications Journal of Graph
Outline_of_combinatorics
Algorithm characteristic in computations
In computational complexity theory, the average-case complexity of an algorithm is the amount of some computational resource (typically time) used by the
Average-case_complexity
Complexity class
In computational complexity theory, the complexity class FNP is the function problem extension of the decision problem class NP. The name is somewhat
FNP_(complexity)
Concept in topology
In mathematics, topological complexity of a topological space X (also denoted by TC(X)) is a topological invariant closely connected to the motion planning
Topological_complexity
Book by Robert Venturi
Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture is a book by the American architect Robert Venturi. It was first published in 1966 by Museum of Modern Art
Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture
Complexity_and_Contradiction_in_Architecture
Length of expression as combination of 1s
In number theory, the complexity of an integer is the smallest number of ones that can be used to represent it using ones and any number of additions,
Integer_complexity
Class of problems solvable in polynomial time
In computational complexity theory, P, also known as PTIME or DTIME(nO(1)), is a fundamental complexity class. It contains all decision problems that can
P_(complexity)
Conjecture in quantum gravity
In quantum gravity and quantum complexity theory, the complexity equals action duality (CA-duality) is the conjecture that the gravitational action of
CA-duality
Argument by proponents of intelligent design
Irreducible complexity (IC) is the argument that certain biological systems with multiple interacting parts would not function if one of the parts were
Irreducible_complexity
Concept in computational complexity theory
In computational complexity theory, BPL (Bounded-error Probabilistic Logarithmic-space), sometimes called BPLP (Bounded-error Probabilistic Logarithmic-space
BPL_(complexity)
French computer scientist (born 1955)
"A minimum spanning tree algorithm with inverse-Ackermann type complexity", Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery, 47 (6): 1028–47, doi:10
Bernard_Chazelle
In computational complexity theory, SP 2 is a complexity class, intermediate between the first and second levels of the polynomial hierarchy. A language
S2P_(complexity)
Unsolved problem in computer science
in n". Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series A. 31 (2): 199–214. doi:10.1016/0097-3165(81)90016-9. Eppstein, David. "Computational Complexity of Games
P_versus_NP_problem
In computational complexity theory, CC (Comparator Circuits) is the complexity class containing decision problems which can be solved by comparator circuits
CC_(complexity)
Mathematic definition
In convex geometry and polyhedral combinatorics, the extension complexity of a convex polytope P {\displaystyle P} is the smallest number of facets among
Extension_complexity
Classification of computer problems
Geometric complexity theory (GCT), is a research program in computational complexity theory proposed by Ketan Mulmuley and Milind Sohoni. The goal of the
Geometric_complexity_theory
Class of problems in computer science
In complexity theory, PP, or PPT is the class of decision problems solvable by a probabilistic Turing machine in polynomial time, with an error probability
PP_(complexity)
Concept in computer science
In computational complexity theory, a branch of computer science, bounded-error probabilistic polynomial time (BPP) is the class of decision problems solvable
BPP_(complexity)
In complexity theory, UP (unambiguous non-deterministic polynomial-time) is the complexity class of decision problems solvable in polynomial time on an
UP_(complexity)
American computer scientist
Information-Based Complexity, Academic Press, 1988. In 1985 Traub became founding Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Complexity. This was probably the first journal which
Joseph_F._Traub
Music genre
New Complexity is a composition school in 20th-century classical music where composers seek a "complex, multi-layered interplay of evolutionary processes
New_Complexity
1969 book by Herbert A. Simon
History in Simon's "Architecture of Complexity" - Review of Herbert A. Simon, The Sciences of the Artificial". The Journal of the Learning Sciences. 12 (3):
The Sciences of the Artificial
The_Sciences_of_the_Artificial
Forecasting complexity is a measure of complexity put forward (under the original name of) by the physicist Peter Grassberger. It was later renamed "statistical
Forecasting_complexity
2011 book by Robert Axelrod
The Complexity of Cooperation, by Robert Axelrod, is the sequel to The Evolution of Cooperation. It is a compendium of seven articles that previously appeared
The_Complexity_of_Cooperation
Promoter of pseudo-scientific arguments for creationism
internally published content from Discovery's 'BioComplexity' journal which is not a legitimate scientific journal. The original Discovery Institute plan laid
Biologic_Institute
Discrete Fourier transform algorithm
of sparse (mostly zero) factors. As a result, it manages to reduce the complexity of computing the DFT from O ( n 2 ) {\textstyle O(n^{2})} , which arises
Fast_Fourier_transform
Algorithm that employs a degree of randomness as part of its logic or procedure
Carlo algorithms are considered, and several complexity classes are studied. The most basic randomized complexity class is RP, which is the class of decision
Randomized_algorithm
Concept in sociological theory
entrepreneurship: Creating value in the context of institutional complexity". Journal of Business Research. 86: 245–258. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2017.10
Institutional_logic
German mathematician and computer scientist
Springer) journal Computational Complexity. A symposium at B-IT in 2010 was held in honor of his 60th birthday, and a special issue of the Journal of Symbolic
Joachim_von_zur_Gathen
Algorithmic runtime requirements for matrix multiplication
in computer science In theoretical computer science, the computational complexity of matrix multiplication dictates how quickly the operation of matrix
Computational complexity of matrix multiplication
Computational_complexity_of_matrix_multiplication
Numerical measure of program structure
better known for introducing cyclomatic complexity. McCabe defined essential complexity as the cyclomatic complexity of the reduced CFG (control-flow graph)
Essential_complexity
Attribute of machine learning models
The sample complexity of a machine learning algorithm represents the number of training-samples that it needs in order to successfully learn a target function
Sample_complexity
Information retrieval using cryptography
"Quantum Private Information Retrieval has Linear Communication Complexity". Journal of Cryptology. 28: 161–175. arXiv:1304.5490. doi:10.1007/s00145-014-9180-2
Private_information_retrieval
complexity class contained in PP defined via GapP functions. The class often arises in the context of quantum computing. AWPP contains the complexity
AWPP
(Randomized Logarithmic-space Polynomial-time), is the complexity class of computational complexity theory problems solvable in logarithmic space and polynomial
RL_(complexity)
Fish that can generate electric fields
Stoddard, P. K. (2002). "The evolutionary origins of electric signal complexity". Journal of Physiology - Paris. 96 (5–6): 485–491. doi:10.1016/S0928-4257(03)00004-4
Electric_fish
Complexity class
In computational complexity theory, Polynomial Local Search (PLS) is a complexity class that models the difficulty of finding a locally optimal solution
PLS_(complexity)
In computational complexity theory, a language B (or a complexity class B) is said to be low for a complexity class A (with some reasonable relativized
Low_(complexity)
Creationist argument by William Dembski
Specified complexity is a creationist intelligent design argument introduced by William Dembski. According to Dembski, the concept can formalize a property
Specified_complexity
Complexity Analyzer (L2SCA) developed by Xiaofei Lu at the Pennsylvania State University, is a computational tool which produces syntactic complexity
L2 Syntactic Complexity Analyzer
L2_Syntactic_Complexity_Analyzer
Stereotype
stereotypes and information-processing strategies: The impact of task complexity". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 52 (5): 871–880. doi:10.1037/0022-3514
Physical attractiveness stereotype
Physical_attractiveness_stereotype
Matroid with graph forests as independent sets
"A minimum spanning tree algorithm with inverse-Ackermann type complexity", Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery, 47 (6): 1028–1047, doi:10
Graphic_matroid
Implicit computational complexity (ICC) is a subfield of computational complexity theory that characterizes programs by constraints on the way in which
Implicit computational complexity
Implicit_computational_complexity
Canadian computer scientist, University of Waterloo
Canadian computer scientist, known for his contributions to Kolmogorov complexity, bioinformatics, machine learning theory, and analysis of algorithms.
Ming_Li
Computer science award
"Arthur-Merlin games: a randomized proof system, and a hierarchy of complexity class" (PDF), Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 36 (2): 254–276, doi:10
Gödel_Prize
Closure of nondeterministic space under complementation
In computational complexity theory, the Immerman–Szelepcsényi theorem states that nondeterministic space complexity classes are closed under complementation
Immerman–Szelepcsényi_theorem
Series of neuropsychological tests
"Procedural Learning in Specific Language Impairment: Effects of Sequence Complexity". Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. 19 (3): 264–271
NEPSY
Complexity of communication
measures the structure and complexity of human communication in a language. Lexical density estimates the linguistic complexity in a written or spoken composition
Lexical_density
Generic-case complexity is a subfield of computational complexity theory that studies the complexity of computational problems on "most inputs". Generic-case
Generic-case_complexity
Least-weight tree connecting graph vertices
"A minimum spanning tree algorithm with inverse-Ackermann type complexity", Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery, 47 (6): 1028–1047, doi:10
Minimum_spanning_tree
Award for advancements in discrete mathematics
Thomas (2017). "The matching polytope has exponential extension complexity". Journal of the ACM. 64 (6): A41:1–A41:19. arXiv:1311.2369. doi:10.1145/3127497
Fulkerson_Prize
Complexity class
In computational complexity theory, the complexity class PPP (polynomial pigeonhole principle) is a subclass of TFNP. It is the class of search problems
PPP_(complexity)
ACC, is a class of computational models and problems defined in circuit complexity, a field of theoretical computer science. The class is defined by augmenting
ACC0
Welsh management consultant and researcher
researcher in the field of knowledge management and the application of complexity science. Known for the development of the Cynefin framework, Snowden is
Dave_Snowden
An algorithmic complexity attack (ACA) is a form of attack in which an attacker sends a pattern of requests to a computer system that triggers the worst-case
Algorithmic_complexity_attack
Tendency to give more importance to negative experiences than positive ones
Tony; Bieri, James (1967). "Affective stimulus value and cognitive complexity". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 5 (4): 444–448. doi:10.1037/h0024406
Negativity_bias
Personality model consisting of five broad dimensions
"Individual differences in output variability as a function of job complexity". Journal of Applied Psychology. 75: 28–42. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.75.1.28.
Big_Five_personality_traits
COMPLEXITY JOURNAL
COMPLEXITY JOURNAL
Boy/Male
Australian, Irish
Small with Dark Hair or Complexion
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Fair Complexion; Wife of the Prophet PBUH
Girl/Female
Tamil
One of complexion of red lotus
Boy/Male
Indian, Nigerian, Sanskrit
Young Ruler; Black Complexion
Boy/Male
Muslim
Of reddish hair, Complexion (1)
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Telugu
One who has a Moon Like Complexion
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Of Reddish Complexion
Boy/Male
African, Hindu, Indian, Swahili
Building; Strength; One with Reddish Complexion
Girl/Female
Tamil
A woman having a white complexion
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English, Irish, Welsh
Fair; White; Friend; Complexion; Handsome
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
One with Pale White Complexion
Girl/Female
Hindu
A woman having a white complexion
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Krishna with a Golden Complexion
Girl/Female
Muslim
Form, Figure, Complexion
Boy/Male
Muslim
Of reddish hair or complexion.
Boy/Male
American, Australian, British, Chinese, Christian, English, Scottish, Swedish
A Ruddy Complexion; Red Haired; Surname
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
One Having a Soft Complexion
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian
Girl with a Golden Complexion
Girl/Female
Bengali, Hebrew, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
One of Complexion of Red Lotus
Girl/Female
Arabic, Australian, Indian, Muslim
Form; Figure; Complexion
COMPLEXITY JOURNAL
COMPLEXITY JOURNAL
Male
Hebrew
Variant spelling of Hebrew Yitzchak, YITZCHAQ means "he will laugh."
Boy/Male
Hindu
Sanyasi, Lord Indra
Girl/Female
Indian, Sanskrit
Beautiful Lotus
Boy/Male
Hindu
Home ruler, Ruler of An enclosure
Girl/Female
English American French
Confidence; trust; belief.
Boy/Male
Australian, British, English
Place Name; The Fortified Tower
Boy/Male
Irish
Fighter.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : possibly a variant of Hackwood, a habitational name from a minor place so named. One example, in Northamptonshire, is named from Middle English hacked ‘cut’ + wode ‘wood’; another, in Basingstoke, Hampshire is named from Old English haca ‘hook’, ‘bend’ + wudu ‘wood’. In the U.S. this name is frequent in NC.See Hagewood 1.
Boy/Male
Indian, Tamil
Learned King
Boy/Male
Bengali, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Lord Krishna
COMPLEXITY JOURNAL
COMPLEXITY JOURNAL
COMPLEXITY JOURNAL
COMPLEXITY JOURNAL
COMPLEXITY JOURNAL
a.
Of or pertaining to constitutional complexion.
n.
That which is complex; intricacy; complication.
n.
The general appearance or aspect; as, the complexion of the sky; the complexion of the news.
n.
Complexion; aspect; appearance.
n.
Redness; complexion.
pl.
of Complicity
n.
Complexion; color; hue; likeness; form.
n.
The state of being complex; complexity.
n.
The bodily constitution; the temperament; habitude, or natural disposition; character; nature.
n.
The state of being complex; intricacy; entanglement.
n.
The state of being complex; complexity.
n.
The color or hue of the skin, esp. of the face.
n.
A liquid cosmetic for the complexion.
n.
A combination; a complex.
adv.
In a complex manner; not simply.
a.
Having a sickly complexion; pale.
n.
Complexity.
n.
One who has a sickly, pale complexion.
pl.
of Complexity
n.
The state of being an accomplice; participation in guilt.