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System composed of many interacting components
A complex system is a system composed of many components that interact with one another. This definition, though, would describe any system. For a system
Complex_system
System whose behavior is not automatically predictable from its parts
A complex adaptive system (CAS) is a system that is complex in that it is a dynamic network of interactions, but the behavior of the ensemble may not
Complex_adaptive_system
Computational and mathematical modeling of complex biological systems
Systems biology is the computational and mathematical analysis and modeling of complex biological systems. It is a biology-based interdisciplinary field
Systems_biology
Interdisciplinary study of systems
the direct systems concepts developed by the original systems theorists. For example, Ilya Prigogine, of the Center for Complex Quantum Systems at the University
Systems_theory
Interrelated entities that form a whole
coined the term complex adaptive system. Systems theory views the world as a complex system of interconnected parts. One scopes a system by defining its
System
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up complex or complexes in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Complex commonly refers to: Complexity, the behaviour of a system whose components interact
Complex
Interdisciplinary field of engineering
manage complex systems over their life cycles. At its core, systems engineering utilizes systems thinking principles to organize the systems engineering
Systems_engineering
Book by John Gall
how not to design systems, based on system engineering failures. The primary precept of the treatise is that large complex systems are extremely difficult
Systemantics
Field of study
in order to gain a deeper understanding of the complex information processing that defines such systems. These topics are broad, but often include evolutionary
Artificial_life
In the complex system approach to peace and armed conflict, the social systems of armed conflict are viewed as complex dynamical systems. The study of
Complex system approach to peace and armed conflict
Complex_system_approach_to_peace_and_armed_conflict
1984 book by Charles Perrow
analyses complex systems from a sociological perspective. Perrow argues that multiple and unexpected failures are built into society's complex and tightly
Normal_Accidents
Theory in second language acquisition
Complex dynamic systems theory in the field of linguistics is a perspective and approach to the study of second, third and additional language acquisition
Complex dynamic systems theory
Complex_dynamic_systems_theory
System of politics and government
system, social and cultural system, and other state and government specific systems. However, this is a very simplified view of a much more complex system
Political_system
Scientific journal
Complex Systems is a quarterly peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering subjects ranging across a number of scientific and engineering fields
Complex_Systems_(journal)
Positional numeral system
arithmetic, a complex-base system is a positional numeral system whose radix is an imaginary (proposed by Donald Knuth in 1955) or complex number (proposed
Complex-base_system
Powered mechanical device
input force, known today as mechanical advantage. Modern machines are complex systems that consist of structural elements, mechanisms and control components
Machine
Study of the nature of systems
transdisciplinary field that is concerned with understanding simple and complex systems in nature and society, which leads to the advancements of formal, natural
Systems_science
Training complex located in El Paso County, Colorado
The Cheyenne Mountain Complex (CMOC) is a non-public military installation of the United States Department of Defense located inside Cheyenne Mountain
Cheyenne_Mountain_Complex
Academic journal
Advances in Complex Systems (ACS) is a peer-reviewed journal published quarterly by World Scientific providing a multidisciplinary perspective to the
Advances_in_Complex_Systems
Method of writing code
modeling can greatly facilitate constructing TDD tests for a complex system. In a larger system, the impact of poor component quality is magnified by the
Test-driven_development
Topics referred to by the same term
molecules and objects Complex systems, describing systems of many interacting parts Complex adaptive system, a special case of complex systems Complexity economics
Complexity_theory
other System of Systems application domains. SoSE is more than systems engineering of monolithic, complex systems because design for System-of-Systems problems
System_of_systems_engineering
Specialist field of computer science
computational scientist should be capable of: recognizing complex problems adequately conceptualizing the system containing these problems designing a framework
Computational_science
Collection of co-operating systems
more complex system which offers more functionality and performance than simply the sum of the constituent systems. Currently, systems of systems is a
System_of_systems
Unpredictable phenomenon in complex systems
In philosophy, systems theory, science, and art, emergence occurs when a complex entity has properties or behaviors that its components do not have on
Emergence
Area of mathematics
Dynamical systems theory is an area of mathematics used to describe the behavior of complex dynamical systems, usually by employing differential equations
Dynamical_systems_theory
Argument by proponents of intelligent design
modifications from earlier less complex systems through natural selection, which would need all intermediate precursor systems to have been fully functional
Irreducible_complexity
Academic journal
and Complex Systems is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that covers condensed matter physics, statistical and nonlinear physics, and complex systems. Part
European_Physical_Journal_B
American research institute
The New England Complex Systems Institute (NECSI) is an independent American research institution and think tank dedicated to advancing analytics and
New England Complex Systems Institute
New_England_Complex_Systems_Institute
American author and pediatrician
which grew from simple to complex systems incrementally, and the failure of systems like CORBA, which began with complex specifications. Gall's Law has
John_Gall_(author)
Systems thinking heuristic
cybernetic perspective, complex systems are not controllable by simple notions of management, and interventions in a system can best be understood by
The purpose of a system is what it does
The_purpose_of_a_system_is_what_it_does
Examining complex systems as a whole
action in complex contexts, enabling systems change. Systems thinking draws on and contributes to conceptual systems, systems theory, and the system sciences
Systems_thinking
Study of networks of interacting molecules and their emergent properties
states, where systems with unexpected properties may be discovered. One of the grand challenges of Systems Chemistry is to unveil complex reactions networks
Systems_chemistry
Multiple interactions and regulation of life forms with their environment
comprehensive theory of life as a self-organizing complex system, "closed to efficient causation". He defined a system component as "a unit of organization; a part
Living_systems
Field of structural engineering
needed] The failure of a complex system with parallel redundancy can be estimated based on probabilistic properties of the system elements. Catastrophic
Structural_fracture_mechanics
Description of how difficult software is to modify
software design, heuristics, AI, and more, the general definition that any complex system that cannot maintain control due to a small change within the expected
Software_brittleness
Mathematical model of a complex system
A computational model uses computers to simulate and study complex systems in various fields of computational science, spanning from physics, engineering
Computational_model
Set of brain structures involved in emotion and motivation
addition to identifying the limbic system, he hypothesized a supposedly more primitive brain called the R-complex, related to reptiles, which controls
Limbic_system
Geology term
In geology, a stockwork is a complex system of structurally controlled or randomly oriented veins. Stockworks are common in many ore deposit types and
Stockwork
Human population viewed in context
a complex human society Sociocultural perspective – Theory in psychology and education Sustainability – Societal goal and normative concept Systems theory –
Sociocultural_system
System of multiple interacting agents
or the system is too complex for an agent to exploit such knowledge Decentralization: no agent is designated as controlling (or the system is effectively
Multi-agent_system
Any computer program for end-user use
from system and utility software. Application software represents the user-facing layer of computing systems, designed to translate complex system capabilities
Application_software
Canadian nonprofit national research organization
Mitacs (formerly known as Mathematics of Information Technology and Complex Systems) is a nonprofit national research organization that, in partnerships
Mitacs
The ARC Centre for Complex Systems (ACCS) was established in 2004 from a consortium of Australian universities, led by the University of Queensland. The
ARC Centre for Complex Systems
ARC_Centre_for_Complex_Systems
Field of mathematics and science based on non-linear systems and initial conditions
The theory states that within the apparent randomness of chaotic complex systems, there are underlying patterns, interconnection, constant feedback
Chaos_theory
Systems with external interactions
Complex system Dynamical system Glossary of systems theory Ludwig von Bertalanffy Maximum power principle Non-equilibrium thermodynamics Open system (computing)
Open_system_(systems_theory)
Use of knowledge for practical goals
channels and "catch" basins. The ancient Sumerians in Mesopotamia used a complex system of canals and levees to divert water from the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
Technology
Socioeconomic concept
The industrial complex is a socioeconomic concept wherein businesses become entwined in social or political systems or institutions, creating or bolstering
Industrial_complex
System where changes of output are not proportional to changes of input
are seen to be chaotic, where simple changes in one part of the system produce complex effects throughout. This nonlinearity is one of the reasons why
Nonlinear_system
Number with a real and an imaginary part
part of a+bi, and b is called the imaginary part. The complex numbers form a number system which extends the real numbers and supports the same basic
Complex_number
Unanticipated interaction of multiple failures in a complex system
A system accident (or normal accident) is an "unanticipated interaction of multiple failures" in a complex system. This complexity can either be of technology
System_accident
British-American scientist (born 1959)
Center for Complex Systems Research (CCSR) at the University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign. In 1987, he founded the journal Complex Systems. Wolfram led
Stephen_Wolfram
Programming language for industrial controllers
controllers became more sophisticated it has also been used in very complex automation systems. Often the ladder logic program is used in conjunction with a
Ladder_logic
As a model of a complex system becomes more complete, it becomes less understandable
constructing models or simulations that fully capture the workings of complex systems (such as the human brain). In modern discourse, the paradox was articulated
Bonini's_paradox
enterprise, which refers to an organization that uses key principles of complex adaptive systems and complexity science to achieve success. Business agility is
Business_agility
Type of computational models
system and what governs its outcomes. It combines elements of game theory, complex systems, emergence, computational sociology, multi-agent systems,
Agent-based_model
Dividing a system in computer science
science, decomposition is the process of identifying and organising a complex system into smaller components or layers of abstraction. Decomposition is the
Decomposition (computer science)
Decomposition_(computer_science)
Study of non-linear complex systems
System dynamics (SD) is an approach to understanding the nonlinear behaviour of complex systems over time using stocks, flows, internal feedback loops
System_dynamics
UK research and graduate education programme
Large-Scale Complex IT Systems (LSCITS) Initiative is a research and graduate education programme focusing on the problems of developing large-scale, complex IT
Large-scale Complex IT Systems
Large-scale_Complex_IT_Systems
Organizational development approach
Sociotechnical systems (STS) in organizational development is an approach to complex organizational work design that recognizes the interaction between
Sociotechnical_system
Network with non-trivial topological features
random graphs but often occur in networks representing real systems. The study of complex networks is a young and active area of scientific research (since
Complex_network
Several equations of degree 1 to be solved simultaneously
relatively complex system. Very often, and in this article, the coefficients and solutions of the equations are constrained to be real or complex numbers
System_of_linear_equations
Austrian nonprofit research organization
with the aim to bundle, coordinate and advance the research of complex systems, system analysis and big data science in Austria. The CSH was founded in
Complexity_Science_Hub
Immediate change in a complex system with no phase-in period
flash cut, also called a flash cutover, is an immediate change in a complex system, with no phase-in period. In the United States, some telephone area
Flash_cut
Structured visual modeling technique
understanding of complex systems. The extensive amount of detail involved in describing the numerous requirements of a large-scale system using natural language
Behavior_tree
Feature of systems that defy description
the sum of its parts. The study of these complex linkages at various scales is the main goal of complex systems theory. The intuitive criterion of complexity
Complexity
Wiring system and components in a complex system such as an aircraft
wiring interconnect system (EWIS) is the wiring system and components (such as bundle clamps, wire splices, etc.) for a complex system. The term originated
Electrical wiring interconnection system
Electrical_wiring_interconnection_system
Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems (INDECS) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal on complex systems, published in Zagreb, Croatia. It is
Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems
Interdisciplinary_Description_of_Complex_Systems
Holistic approach to the study of ecological systems
of complex systems. Systems ecology seeks a holistic view of the interactions and transactions within and between biological and ecological systems. Systems
Systems_ecology
Biogeophysical unit and associated social actors
social-ecological system consists of 'a bio-geo-physical' unit and its associated social actors and institutions. Social-ecological systems are complex and adaptive
Socio-ecological_system
Type of stochastic process
In probability theory, an interacting particle system (IPS) is a stochastic process ( X ( t ) ) t ∈ R + {\displaystyle (X(t))_{t\in \mathbb {R} ^{+}}}
Interacting_particle_system
the system as a whole; this balance is maintained through homeostasis. Human societies are also complex systems. Work to define complex systems scientifically
Systems theory in anthropology
Systems_theory_in_anthropology
Approach to systems analyis
dynamical systems: it can be used to explain living systems, which are considered to be complex and adaptive, can learn, and are capable of maintaining
Viable_system_theory
Mathematical modeling of historical processes
with compelling and complex problems. The institute supports research on the complex modeling of networks and dynamical systems. One of the areas of
Cliodynamics
Process of forming order by local interactions
general systems theory in the 1960s, but did not become commonplace in the scientific literature until physicists Hermann Haken et al. and complex systems researchers
Self-organization
Philosophical view concerning consiousness
Emergentism is a philosophical position holding that complex systems possess properties, behaviors, or laws that arise from the interaction of their fundamental
Emergentism
Academic journal
Mathematics and Mechanics of Complex Systems (MEMOCS) is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal founded by the International Research Center for
Mathematics and Mechanics of Complex Systems
Mathematics_and_Mechanics_of_Complex_Systems
Chart of the interactions in a system
counterpart of the flowchart. Flow diagrams are used to structure and order a complex system, or to reveal the underlying structure of the elements and their interaction
Flow_diagram
Visualisation method for describing information systems
major companies with complex system development as well. Anatomies can be said to be a human centric way of describing a system, since they are used as
System_anatomy
German physicist
6th-century[clarification needed] chair for complex systems biology at the Institute for Complex Systems and Mathematical Biology at Kings College, Aberdeen
Jürgen_Kurths
2016 book by Ted Kaczynski
self-propagating systems will arise, and natural selection will lead to the evolution of self-propagating systems having increasingly complex, subtle, and
Anti-Tech_Revolution
Ability of a computer system to cope with errors during execution
the system. But as a system adds more logic, components, and increases in size, it becomes more complex. Thus, when making a more redundant system, the
Robustness_(computer_science)
Organizing components structures and behaviors for any simple to complex system
Scientific Foundation of Simulation Games for the Analysis and Design of Complex Systems". Simulation & Gaming. 49 (3): 279–314. doi:10.1177/1046878118768858
Systems_design
American theoretical biologist
definition of living organisms, and all complex systems, in terms of their internal organization as open systems that cannot be reduced to their interacting
Robert_Rosen_(biologist)
Operating system made by computer hobbyists
operating system, but it could also be developed and tested on a virtual machine. Since the hobbyist must claim more ownership for adapting a complex system to
Hobbyist_operating_system
Philosophical view explaining systems in terms of smaller parts
interprets a complex system as the sum of its parts, contrary to holism. Reductionism tends to focus on the small, predictable details of a system and is often
Reductionism
Proteins similar to insulin that stimulate cell proliferation
insulin. IGFs are part of a complex system that cells use to communicate with their physiologic environment. This complex system (often referred to as the
Insulin-like_growth_factor
Approach to interface design
interface design that was introduced specifically for complex sociotechnical, real-time, and dynamic systems. It has been applied in a variety of domains including
Ecological_interface_design
Thermodynamically open system which is not in equilibrium
can also be used as a tool to study economic systems and complex systems. For example, a dissipative system involving self-assembly of nanowires has been
Dissipative_system
Fine adjustments to a system
fine-tuning or adjusting a complex system, usually an electronic device. Tweaks are any small modifications intended to improve a system. In electronics, it
Tweaking
Research institute in Germany
The Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex systems is one of the 84 institutes of the Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, located in Dresden, Germany. The
Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems
Max_Planck_Institute_for_the_Physics_of_Complex_Systems
American physicist and entrepreneur (born 1952)
American complex systems scientist and entrepreneur with interests in chaos theory, complexity and econophysics. He is Baillie Gifford Professor of Complex Systems
J._Doyne_Farmer
Computer system with a dedicated function
peripheral interface circuits) are also common, especially in more complex systems. In either case, the processor(s) used may be types ranging from general
Embedded_system
Research institute
The Center for Complex Quantum Systems is a research institute within the Department of Physics of The University of Texas at Austin in the United States
Center for Complex Quantum Systems
Center_for_Complex_Quantum_Systems
Branch of mathematics
first-order approximation. Linear models are frequently used for complex nonlinear real-world systems because they make parametrization more manageable. In both
Linear_algebra
Topic in systems theory
interactions between structural conditions and triggering events in complex systems. In systems theory, singularities are often associated with instability,
Singularity_(systems_theory)
Physicist
Luís M. A. Bettencourt is a physicist, urban and complex systems researcher, author and academic. He is a Professor of Ecology and Evolution and the College
Luís_M._A._Bettencourt
1975 software engineering book by Fred Brooks
over-engineering it. The author makes the observation that in a suitably complex system there is a certain irreducible number of errors. Any attempt to fix
The_Mythical_Man-Month
Branch of mathematics
Complex dynamics, or holomorphic dynamics, is the study of dynamical systems obtained by iterating a complex analytic mapping. This article focuses on
Complex_dynamics
Irish research institute
Complex and Adaptive Systems Laboratory (CASL) is an interdisciplinary research institute in University College Dublin. It is formed around four research
Complex and Adaptive Systems Laboratory
Complex_and_Adaptive_Systems_Laboratory
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