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Set of chemical reactions in organisms
between different cells. In a broader sense, the set of reactions occurring within the cells is called intermediary (or intermediate) metabolism. Metabolic reactions
Metabolism
Academic journal
Cell Metabolism is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering physiology, with an emphasis on understanding the molecular basis of how the body
Cell_Metabolism
Process of releasing energy from nutrients using inorganic electron acceptors
around 29 to 30 ATP per glucose. Aerobic metabolism is up to 15 times more efficient than anaerobic metabolism (which yields 2 molecules of ATP per 1 molecule
Cellular_respiration
Biological synthesis and degradation of lipids
Lipid metabolism is the synthesis and degradation of lipids in cells, involving the breakdown and storage of fats for energy and the synthesis of structural
Lipid_metabolism
Iron metabolism in the body
iron metabolism, because iron is essential for red blood cells, where most of the human body's iron is contained. Understanding iron metabolism is also
Human_iron_metabolism
Type of cell found in pancreatic islets
GLUT1 and GLUT3 isoforms. Since beta cells use glucokinase to catalyze the first step of glycolysis, metabolism only occurs around physiological blood
Beta_cell
Organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for respiration
synthesis is an emergent central regulator of mammalian oxidative metabolism". Cell Metabolism. 36 (1): 36–47. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2023.11.017. PMC 10843818
Mitochondria
Branch of biology that studies cells
cells, with subtopics including the study of cell metabolism, cell communication, cell cycle, biochemistry, and cell composition. The study of cells is
Cell_biology
Physical quantity
used for the metabolism of green plants, i.e. reconverted into carbon dioxide and heat. Multicellular organisms such as humans have cell forms that are
Energy
Science journal imprint
Cell Cancer Cell Cell Chemical Biology Cell Genomics Cell Host & Microbe Cell Metabolism Cell Reports Cell Reports Medicine Cell Reports Methods Cell
Cell_Press
Anion, salt, functional group or ester derived from a phosphoric acid
phosphate groups (phosphorylation and dephosphorylation) are key steps in cell metabolism. Phosphates are a major component of agricultural fertilizers and play
Phosphate
Basic unit of life forms
eukaryotic actin and tubulin. A unique form of metabolism in the archaean is methanogenesis. Their cell-surface appendage equivalent of the flagella is
Cell_(biology)
Chemical compound
Warner, G; Chini, EN (1 June 2021). "Evolving concepts in NAD+ metabolism". Cell Metabolism. 33 (6): 1076–1087. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2021.04.003. PMC 8172449
Nicotinamide_mononucleotide
Peptide encoded in mitochondrial DNA
metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance". Cell Metabolism. 21 (3): 443–454. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.02.009. PMC 4350682. PMID 25738459
MOTS-c
Type of artificial cell
A SpudCell is a type of artificial cell claimed as partially capable of metabolism and assisted reproduction. The work was initially reported as a preprint
SpudCell
Group of vitamins
water-soluble vitamins that play important roles in cell metabolism and synthesis of red blood cells. They are a chemically diverse class of compounds.
B_vitamins
Coenzyme
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a coenzyme central to metabolism. Found in all living cells, NAD is called a dinucleotide because it consists of two
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
Nicotinamide_adenine_dinucleotide
Toxic lectin
toxin. The lectin has a number of effects on cell metabolism; it induces mitosis, and affects the cell membrane in regard to transport and permeability
Phytohaemagglutinin
Regions of the pancreas
(April 2017). "Virgin Beta Cells Persist throughout Life at a Neogenic Niche within Pancreatic Islets". Cell Metabolism. 25 (4): 911–926.e6. doi:10.1016/j
Pancreatic_islets
Chemical compound
branched-chain amino acids are mediated by isoleucine and valine". Cell Metabolism. 33 (5): 905–922.e6. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2021.03.025. PMC 8102360. PMID 33887198
Isoleucine
particular the chemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. The biochemistry of cell metabolism and the endocrine system has been extensively described. Other areas
History_of_biochemistry
Macrophages located in the liver
Kupffer cells also perform arachidonic acid metabolism and are a major source of prostanoids in the liver. Kupffer cells are incredibly plastic cells that
Kupffer_cell
Process to preserve biological matter
(typically −80 °C (−112 °F) or −196 °C (−321 °F) using liquid nitrogen) any cell metabolism which might cause damage to the biological material in question is
Cryopreservation
Medical condition
protected from two potentially destructive processes: cell crushing and loss of normal cell metabolism. All treatment between the time of the accident and
Dental_avulsion
Vertebrate organ involved in metabolism
Thu; Horuzsko, Anatolij (2015). "Kupffer Cell Metabolism and Function". Journal of Enzymology and Metabolism. 1 (1). PMC 4771376. PMID 26937490. Younossi
Liver
Amino acid with a branched carbon chain
differentiates obese and lean humans and contributes to insulin resistance". Cell Metabolism. 9 (4): 311–326. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2009.02.002. PMC 3640280. PMID 19356713
Branched-chain_amino_acid
Family of transport proteins
higher glucose metabolism, and consequently increased relative levels of ATP, the KATP channels close, causing the membrane potential of the cell to depolarize
ATP-sensitive potassium channel
ATP-sensitive_potassium_channel
American biologist
the scientific journal Cell Metabolism. Evans has a PhD from the University of North Carolina where her studies focussed on cell and developmental biology
Allyson_Evans
Belgian biologist
and their role in metabolism, and more specifically on how nutrients can influence cellular behavior, thereby initiating fat cell breakdown or preventing
Johan_Auwerx
Product of thymine metabolism
browning of white fat cells. One of the consequences of BAIBA activity is increased background metabolism of BAIBA target cells. BAIBA is thought to play
3-Aminoisobutyric_acid
Cells that primarily compose adipose tissue, specialized in storing energy as fat
obesity, increases in fat cell size were also associated with the dysregulations in glucose and lipid metabolism. Brown fat cells are polyhedral in shape
Adipocyte
Amino acid
"The biology of cancer: metabolic reprogramming fuels cell growth and proliferation". Cell Metabolism. 7 (1): 11–20. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.10.002. PMID 18177721
Glutamine
Oxygen-delivering blood cell and the most common type of blood cell
termed a "metabolon", which may play a key role in regulating red cell metabolism and ion and gas transport function. RHAG – also involved in transport
Red_blood_cell
"Multi-dimensional Roles of Ketone Bodies in Fuel Metabolism, Signaling, and Therapeutics". Cell Metabolism. 25 (2): 262–284. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.12.022
Ketolysis
State in which the rate of mortality from senescence is stable or decreasing
research, and cell metabolism. Embryonic stem cells and germ cells have also been described as immortal. Immortal cell lines of cancer cells can be created
Biological_immortality
Physical interactions and constructions between multiple proteins
physical contacts with molecular associations between chains that occur in a cell or in a living organism in a specific biomolecular context. Proteins rarely
Protein–protein_interaction
Rate of turnover of molecules in a metabolic pathway
obtained from carbon metabolism (e.g. glucose metabolism) or from peripheral metabolism. The enhanced flux observed in abnormally growing cells is brought about
Flux_(metabolism)
Company that develops bioenergetics analytical instruments
manufactures consumable labware products, and consumables for measuring cell metabolism. The company was formerly known as Thermogenic Imaging. Recognized
Seahorse_Bioscience
Belgian molecular biologist
applications to industrial fermentation with cell factory yeasts and, more recently, to cancer cell metabolism. Thevelein completed a master's degree in
Johan_Thevelein
Set of metabolic pathways that breaks down molecules into smaller units
cell to transfer the energy released by catabolism to the energy-requiring reactions that make up anabolism. Catabolism is a destructive metabolism and
Catabolism
Canadian endocrinologist (born 1956)
intraepithelial lymphocyte GLP-1R in control of metabolism, microbiota, and T cell-induced inflammation". Cell Metabolism. 34 (10): 1514–1531. doi:10.1016/j.cmet
Daniel_J._Drucker
Condition in which damaged skeletal muscle breaks down rapidly
cause damage to muscle cells directly or interfere with blood supply, while non-physical causes interfere with muscle cell metabolism. When damaged, muscle
Rhabdomyolysis
Aspect of cell metabolism
eukaryotic cells, which plays an important role in regulating cell metabolism and growth in response to nutrient availability in the cell. The Ragulator-Rag
Ragulator-Rag_complex
First section of the small intestine
Drucker, Daniel J. (2006-03-01). "The biology of incretin hormones". Cell Metabolism. 3 (3): 153–165. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2006.01.004. ISSN 1550-4131. PMID 16517403
Duodenum
Chemical compound
is under laboratory studies in Russia as a potential regulator of cell metabolism. It is registered in Russia as an antihypoxic agent, but has not been
Sodium polydihydroxyphenylene thiosulfonate
Sodium_polydihydroxyphenylene_thiosulfonate
Indian-American chronobiologist
Circadian Rhythms, and Time-Restricted Feeding in Healthy Lifespan". Cell Metabolism. 23 (6): 1048–1059. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.06.001. ISSN 1550-4131
Satchidananda_Panda
Disease
are misshapen and cannot be properly degraded and eliminated by the cell metabolism. It was determined to be the primary cause of death for 70% of supercentenarians
Wild-type transthyretin amyloid
Wild-type_transthyretin_amyloid
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
reactive nitrogen species, both formed endogenously in the cell as by-products of metabolism but upregulated during times of cellular stress. Fasting can
PGC-1α
Overview of and topical guide to cell biology
an overview of and topical guide to cell biology: Cell biology – A branch of biology that includes study of cells regarding their physiological properties
Outline_of_cell_biology
Immunologist
Cohen et al. "iNKT cells induce FGF21 for thermogenesis and are required for maximal weight loss in GLP1 therapy." Cell metabolism 24, no. 3 (2016): 510-519
Lydia_Lynch
Chemical reaction
cycle is a hub of metabolism, with central importance in both energy production and biosynthesis. Therefore, it is crucial for the cell to regulate concentrations
Anaplerotic_reactions
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
communication between the mitochondrion and the cell mediating the balance between cell metabolism and cell death. Besides metabolic permeation, VDAC1 also
VDAC1
Dicarboxylic acid
including genes involved in vascularization and angiogenesis, energy metabolism, cell survival, and tumor invasion. Metabolic signaling involving succinate
Succinic_acid
Glucose polymer used as energy store in animals
Moses SW, Bashan N, Gutman A (December 1972). "Glycogen metabolism in the normal red blood cell". Blood. 40 (6): 836–843. doi:10.1182/blood.V40.6.836.836
Glycogen
Dietary supplement
cell metabolism of cancer cells (following the theories of Otto Warburg), claiming to lower cell potential leading to the destruction of cancer cells
Cancell
Cellular phenomena
Overflow metabolism refers to the seemingly wasteful strategy in which cells incompletely oxidize their growth substrate (e.g. glucose) instead of using
Overflow_metabolism
Molecular process that occurs within living cells
including trafficking of cells in the immune system, allowing recognition of foreign material, controlling cell metabolism and providing cartilage and
O-linked_glycosylation
represent a reserve of energy and phosphate for cell metabolism but they are most frequent in cells grown under conditions of nutritional deficiency
Volutin_granules
American immunologist
Foundation Chair. Her research focuses on the formation of memory T cells, T cell metabolism, and cancer immunotherapy. Kaech conducted her undergraduate studies
Susan_Kaech
Study of cell metabolism in the development of cancer
from non-tumorigenic cells in terms of metabolism. The Warburg Effect, which describes how cancer cells change their metabolism to become more oncogenic
Oncometabolism
"Case Reports of Pre-clinical Replication Studies in Metabolism and Diabetes". Cell Metabolism. 29 (4): 795–802. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2019.02.004. PMID 30879984
Asprosin
Non-essential metabolic pathways and compounds
secondary metabolism. One such example is that of sterols, which are products of secondary metabolism, and, at the same time, represent a base for a cell structure
Secondary_metabolism
Loose connective tissue composed mostly by adipocytes
maintenance of brown adipocyte identity and function in adult mice". Cell Metabolism. 19 (4): 593–604. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2014.03.007. PMC 4012340. PMID 24703692
Adipose_tissue
Science regarding functions in organisms or living systems
microbial cells, the basic physiological functions of cells can be divided into the processes of cell division, cell signaling, cell growth, and cell metabolism
Physiology
Medication used to treat diabetes
SB, Espeland MA (June 2016). "Metformin as a Tool to Target Aging". Cell Metabolism. 23 (6): 1060–1065. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.011. PMC 5943638. PMID 27304507
Metformin
George R. Cowgill Professor of Medicine at the Yale School of Medicine
boards of journals including the Journal of Clinical Investigation, Cell Metabolism, Science Translational Medicine, and Proceedings of the National Academy
Gerald_I._Shulman
Astronomy & Astrophysics, Cancer Cell, Cancer Research, Cell, Cell Host & Microbe, Cell Metabolism, Cell Stem Cell, Chemical Communications, Chemical
List of cities by scientific output
List_of_cities_by_scientific_output
Chemical compound (CH3CH2CH2COOH)
"The Microbiome and Butyrate Regulate Energy Metabolism and Autophagy in the Mammalian Colon". Cell Metabolism. 13 (5): 517–526. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2011
Butyric_acid
enzymes. Metabolic flexibility is also relevant in cancer metabolism; in glioblastoma stem cells, fatty acid oxidation has been identified as a metabolic
Metabolic_flexibility
Branch of biology
regulation of immune function, and ii) the regulation of metabolism by molecules and cells of the immune system. Further categorization includes i) systemic
Immunometabolism
Swedish physiologist
journals such as Nature Medicine, Nature Communications, Cell Metabolism, Nature Metabolism, The EMBO Journal, American Journal of Physiology, BBA Bioenergetics
Jan_Nedergaard
Class of ligand activated receptors localized in surface of plama cell membrane
the metabolism and activity of a cell. In the process of signal transduction, ligand binding affects a cascading chemical change through the cell membrane
Cell_surface_receptor
Use of stem cells to treat or prevent a disease or condition
for the surviving cells because they lack the extracellular matrix that is unique to each cell type which may alter cell metabolism and reduce its functionality
Stem-cell_therapy
Class of enzymes
effects of exercise is an increase in fatty acid metabolism, which provides more energy for the cell. One of the key pathways in AMPK's regulation of
AMP-activated_protein_kinase
Rupturing of red blood cells and release of their contents
production (as in thalassemia, sickle-cell disease and congenital dyserythropoietic anemia) Defective red cell metabolism (as in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase
Hemolysis
Chemical compound
living organisms functioning in various biological processes such as metabolism, cell signaling, gene regulation, and DNA repair.[improper synthesis] The
Dihydronicotinamide mononucleotide
Dihydronicotinamide_mononucleotide
Hormones regulating blood sugar levels
Limits Insulin Secretion and Is Decreased in Human Type 2 Diabetes". Cell Metabolism. 27 (2): 470–478.e4. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2017.12.017. ISSN 1550-4131
Blood_sugar_regulation
German physiologist and Nobel laureate (1883–1970)
Planck Society). Warburg investigated the metabolism of tumors and the respiration of cells, particularly cancer cells, and in 1931 was awarded the Nobel Prize
Otto_Heinrich_Warburg
Set of biological processes
Fatty acid metabolism consists of various metabolic processes involving or closely related to fatty acids, a family of molecules classified within the
Fatty_acid_metabolism
Metabolic process
Crassulacean acid metabolism, also known as CAM photosynthesis, is a carbon fixation pathway that evolved in some plants as an adaptation to arid conditions
Crassulacean_acid_metabolism
Inflammatory disease involving a buildup of lesions in the walls of arteries
progression including lipid metabolism, insulin signaling and glucose homeostatis, cell type progression and proliferation, and myeloid cell differentiation. They
Atherosclerosis
found in many bacteriophages but originated in bacterial cells. AMGs modulate host cell metabolism during infection so that the phage can replicate more
Auxiliary_metabolic_genes
Sterol biosynthesized by all animal cells
of ERRα by Cholesterol Mediates Statin and Bisphosphonate Effects". Cell Metabolism. 23 (3): 479–491. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2015.12.010. PMC 4785078. PMID 26777690
Cholesterol
the influx of oxygen, nutrients, growth factors etc. essential for cell metabolism and the outward diffusion of waste products and therapeutic proteins
Cell_encapsulation
Austrian pediatric oncologist and metabolism researcher
Analysis of the Whole-Body Metabolic Fate of Branched-Chain Amino Acids". Cell Metabolism. 29 (2): 417–429. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2018.10.013. PMC 6365191. PMID 30449684
Raphael_Morscher
American scientist
Availability Influences Mitochondrial Dynamics and Function through Lipid Metabolism". Cell Reports. 22 (13): 3507–3520. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.03.017. ISSN 2211-1247
Jason_Locasale
Mammalian protein found in humans
Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin: The Grand ConducTOR of Metabolism and Aging". Cell Metabolism. 23 (6): 990–1003. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.009. PMC 4910876
MTOR
Class of vitamins
S, Hellmann H (July 2018). "Vitamin B6 and Its Role in Cell Metabolism and Physiology". Cells. 7 (7): 84. Bibcode:2018Cells...7...84P. doi:10.3390/cells7070084
Vitamin_B6
Protein-coding gene in mammals
et al. (April 2017). "FGF21 Regulates Metabolism Through Adipose-Dependent and -Independent Mechanisms". Cell Metabolism. 4 (25): 935–944. doi:10.1016/j.cmet
Fibroblast_growth_factor_21
Chemical compound
reverses obesity- and high glucose-induced beta cell dysfunction in isolated pancreatic islets". Cell Metabolism. 3 (6): 417–27. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2006.04
Genipin
American immunologist
is expressed in certain immune cell subsets, including macrophages and T cells, regulating immune cell lipid metabolism and function in different chronic
Bing_Li_(academic)
Movement and regulation of calcium ions and body fluids in and out of the body
Calcium metabolism is the movement and regulation of calcium ions (Ca2+) in (via the gut) and out (via the gut and kidneys) of the body, and between body
Calcium_metabolism
Early onset muscle loss due to ageing or immobility
changes in muscle metabolism, oxidative stress, and degeneration of the neuromuscular junction. The failure to activate satellite cells upon injury or exercise
Sarcopenia
American biologist
E Mann Family Foundation Chair of the Department of Diabetes & Cancer Metabolism at the Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope National Medical
Charles_Brenner_(biochemist)
Lipid molecules on cell membrane
control the entry and exit of other molecules and ions as part of the cell's metabolism. In order to perform physiological functions, membrane proteins are
Membrane_lipid
American geneticist
in many editorial boards including Science Translational Medicine, Cell Metabolism, EMBO molecular Medicine, Journal of Clinical Investigation, PlosBiology
Gökhan_S._Hotamisligil
Group of innate immune cells that are derived from common lymphoid progenitors
tissue homeostasis, morphogenesis, metabolism, repair, and regeneration. Many of their roles are similar to T cells, therefore they have been suggested
Innate_lymphoid_cell
Naturally produced monosaccharide
p. 214. Huang S, Czech MP (2007). "The GLUT4 glucose transporter". Cell Metabolism. 5 (4): 237–52. doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2007.03.006. PMID 17403369. Govers
Glucose
Group of diseases involving cell growth
Nutrition & Metabolism. 7: 7. doi:10.1186/1743-7075-7-7. PMC 2845135. PMID 20181022. Weiss JM (2020). "The promise and peril of targeting cell metabolism for
Cancer
Highly reactive molecules formed from diatomic oxygen (O2)
biological context, ROS are byproducts of the normal metabolism of oxygen. ROS have roles in cell signaling and homeostasis. ROS are intrinsic to cellular
Reactive_oxygen_species
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CELL METABOLISM
CELL METABOLISM
CELL METABOLISM
CELL METABOLISM
CELL METABOLISM
CELL METABOLISM
CELL METABOLISM
CELL METABOLISM
CELL METABOLISM
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