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Chemical compound
Isoleucine (symbol Ile or I) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. It contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated
Isoleucine
Amino acid with a branched carbon chain
Among the proteinogenic amino acids, there are three BCAAs: leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Non-proteinogenic BCAAs include 2-aminoisobutyric acid and
Branched-chain_amino_acid
Set of biochemical processes
threonine, and isoleucine. Aspartate can be converted into lysine, asparagine, methionine and threonine. Threonine also gives rise to isoleucine. The associated
Amino_acid_synthesis
Lipid-based plant hormones
communication. JA conjugated with amino acid isoleucine (Ile) results in JA-Ile ((+)-7-iso-jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine), which Fonseca et al 2009 finds is involved
Jasmonate
Amino acids required in diet since they can not be synthesized in body
life forms, the nine amino acids humans cannot synthesize are valine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, threonine, histidine
Essential_amino_acid
Amino acid that is incorporated biosynthetically into proteins during translation
called essential amino acids. The essential amino acids are histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and
Proteinogenic_amino_acid
Peptide PHI, also known as peptide histidine isoleucine, is a peptide which functions as a hormone. This peptide contains a composition of 27 amino acids
Peptide_PHI
Chemical data page
The complete data for Isoleucine ( v ) General information Chemical formula: C6H13NO2 Molar mass: 131.18 a g·mol−1 Systematic name: (2S,3S)-2-amino-3-methylpentanoic
Isoleucine_(data_page)
Autosomal recessive metabolic disorder
complex. It particularly affects the metabolism of amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine. With MSUD, the body is not able to properly break down these
Maple_syrup_urine_disease
Class of enzymes
In enzymology, an isoleucine–tRNA ligase (EC 6.1.1.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes a two-step reaction in which isoleucine is attached to its corresponding
Isoleucine–tRNA_ligase
Sulfur-containing amino acid
to the evolutionary origin of its codon, the other AUN codons encode isoleucine, which is also a hydrophobic amino acid. In the mitochondrial genome of
Methionine
Class of enzymes
Isoleucine N-monooxygenase (EC 1.14.14.39, CYP79D3, CYP79D4) is an enzyme with systematic name L-isoleucine,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (N-hydroxylating)
Isoleucine_N-monooxygenase
Chemical compound
with the formula CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH(NH2)CO2H. It is the diastereomer of isoleucine, differing in the stereochemistry within the side chain. Alloisoleucine
Alloisoleucine
Carbon-containing chemical compound
The L-isoleucine molecule, C6H13NO2, showing features typical of organic compounds. Carbon atoms are in black, hydrogens gray, oxygens red, and nitrogen
Organic_compound
Aggregates which can form on cheese
crystals inside the cheese consisting mainly of tyrosine and of leucine and isoleucine have been reported. In general, any substance that has a low solubility
Cheese_crystals
Domesticated species of canid
(including selenocysteine), dogs cannot synthesize ten: arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and
Dog
The leucines are primarily the four isomeric amino acids: leucine, isoleucine, tert-leucine (terleucine, pseudoleucine) and norleucine. Being compared
Leucines
Chemical compound
isoleucine. This organic compound plays a crucial role in several metabolic pathways, including the superpathway of leucine, valine, and isoleucine biosynthesis
(R)-2,3-Dihydroxy-isovalerate
Yellow legume seeds used as food
2.44 g Protein 36.2 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.289 g Threonine 1.33 g Isoleucine 1.62 g Leucine 2.74 g Lysine 1.93 g Methionine 0.255 g Cystine 0.466 g
Lupin_bean
Chemical compound
Lactotripeptides are two naturally occurring milk peptides: isoleucine-proline-proline (IPP) and valine-proline-proline (VPP). These lactotripeptides are
Lactotripeptides
Transfer RNA
Mitochondrially encoded tRNA isoleucine also known as MT-TI is a transfer RNA which in humans is encoded by the mitochondrial MT-TI gene. The MT-TI gene
MT-TI
Medical condition
metabolic disorder in which the body cannot properly process the amino acid isoleucine or the products of lipid breakdown. Along with SCOT deficiency, it belongs
Beta-ketothiolase_deficiency
to the 189,819-letter chemical name Methionylthreonylthreonyl . . . isoleucine for the protein also known as titin, which is involved in striated muscle
Longest_word_in_English
Paleontological dating technique
analysis are leucine, aspartic acid, valine, glutamic acid, and diastereomer isoleucine. The properties of the amino acid(s) chosen for analysis influence what
Amino_acid_dating
Chemical compound
located on a nonconjugative plasmid. Pseudomonic acid (mupirocin) inhibits isoleucine—tRNA ligase in bacteria, leading to depletion of isoleucyl-tRNA and accumulation
Mupirocin
Blue-green algal genus used in food
08 g Protein 57.47 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.929 g Threonine 2.97 g Isoleucine 3.209 g Leucine 4.947 g Lysine 3.025 g Methionine 1.149 g Cystine 0.662
Spirulina (dietary supplement)
Spirulina_(dietary_supplement)
Amino acid
which is also involved in the synthesis of threonine, methionine and isoleucine, whereas the α-aminoadipate (AAA) pathway is part of the glutamate biosynthetic
Lysine
Organic compound
biosynthetic pathways occur in all organisms. Methionine, threonine, lysine, isoleucine, valine, and leucine are essential amino acids in humans and most vertebrates
Oxaloacetic_acid
Chemical compound
1152T. doi:10.1126/science.aag3145. PMID 27934766. S2CID 45815137. Valine MS Spectrum Isoleucine and valine biosynthesis Valine's relationship to prions
Valine
Chemical compound
powder, a property it shares with many other amino acids. Like valine and isoleucine, leucine is a branched-chain amino acid. The primary metabolic end products
Leucine
Clear liquid inside coconuts
002 g Protein 0.72 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.008 g Threonine 0.026 g Isoleucine 0.028 g Leucine 0.053 g Lysine 0.032 g Methionine 0.013 g Cystine 0.014
Coconut_water
Chemical compound
metabolism of the branched-chain amino acids, which include leucine, isoleucine, and valine. Its immediate precursors are β-methylglutaconyl-CoA (MG-CoA)
HMG-CoA
Species of grass cultivated as a food crop
35 g Protein 3.27 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.023 g Threonine 0.129 g Isoleucine 0.129 g Leucine 0.348 g Lysine 0.137 g Methionine 0.067 g Cystine 0.026
Maize
Protein quality method
acid 0 to 6 months 6 months to 3 years Over 3 years Histidine 21 20 16 Isoleucine 55 32 30 Leucine 96 66 61 Lysine 69 57 48 Methionine + Cysteine (SAA)
Digestible Indispensable Amino Acid Score
Digestible_Indispensable_Amino_Acid_Score
Organic compounds containing amine and carboxylic groups
with cysteine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, methionine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, which are highly reactive, or complex, or hydrophobic. Many proteins
Amino_acid
Most popular and affordable source of high-quality protein
740 g Protein 24.68 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.276 g Threonine 1.020 g Isoleucine 1.233 g Leucine 1.797 g Lysine 2.011 g Methionine 0.657 g Cystine 0.329
Chicken_as_food
Enzyme found in humans
Isoleucine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic, also called isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, cytoplasmic, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the IARS1 gene (previously
Isoleucine–tRNA ligase, cytoplasmic
Isoleucine–tRNA_ligase,_cytoplasmic
Chemical compound
(Cys-Tyr-Phe-Gln-Asn-Cys-Pro-Arg-Gly-NH2, with isoleucine-3 of AVT changed to phenylalanine) and lysine vasopressin (isoleucine-3 changed to phenylalanine and arginine-8
Vasotocin
Species of fish
898 g Protein 20.14 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.226 g Threonine 0.883 g Isoleucine 0.928 g Leucine 1.637 g Lysine 1.849 g Methionine 0.596 g Cystine 0.216
Chum_salmon
Part of an egg which feeds the developing embryo
54 g Protein 15.86 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.177 g Threonine 0.687 g Isoleucine 0.866 g Leucine 1.399 g Lysine 1.217 g Methionine 0.378 g Cystine 0.264
Yolk
Chemical compound
in biosynthesis of the branched-chain amino acids valine, leucine, and isoleucine. Sulfometuron methyl's HRAC classification is Group B (global, Aus), Group
Sulfometuron_methyl
Topics referred to by the same term
Physical and biophysical chemistry instrument a codon for the amino acid isoleucine Aalborg University, formerly Aalborg University Center Alliance University
AUC
American brand of meal replacement products
Asparagine Aspartic acid Cysteine Glutamic acid Glutamine Glycine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Proline Selenocysteine Serine
Soylent_(meal_replacement)
Genus of trees
886 g Protein 12.72 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.139 g Threonine 0.422 g Isoleucine 0.576 g Leucine 1.027 g Lysine 0.497 g Methionine 0.300 g Cystine 0.271
Hickory
Protein family
orange), illustrating the three-helix bundle structure of the UBA domain. Isoleucine 44, the center of a hydrophobic patch on the ubiquitin surface that interacts
UBA_protein_domain
This enzyme participates in valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation and valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis. As of late 2007, only one structure
Leucine_dehydrogenase
Legume cultivated as a grain and oil crop
Polyunsaturated 16 g Protein 25 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.2445 g Threonine 0.859 g Isoleucine 0.882 g Leucine 1.627 g Lysine 0.901 g Methionine 0.308 g Cystine 0.322
Peanut
Alternative genetic code
C CUA CCA CAA (Gln/Q) Glutamine CGA A CUG CCG CAG CGG G A AUU (Ile/I) Isoleucine ACU (Thr/T) Threonine AAU (Asn/N) Asparagine AGU (Ser/S) Serine
Vertebrate_mitochondrial_code
Chemical compound
3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid isoleucine→ 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 2-Methylbutyryl-CoA Tiglyl-CoA
Phosphocreatine
Protein family
The term "IQ" refers to the first two amino acids of the motif: isoleucine (commonly) and glutamine (invariably). Calmodulin (CaM) is recognized
IQ_calmodulin-binding_motif
Amino acid
proteinogenic amino acids with two stereogenic centers, the other being isoleucine. Threonine can exist in four possible stereoisomers with the following
Threonine
Multienzyme complex
amino acids: Connection of glycolysis with citric acid cycle Leucine Isoleucine Valine Substrate 2-oxoadipate 2-oxoglutarate α-ketoisocaproate α-keto-β-methylvalerate
2-oxoadipate dehydrogenase complex
2-oxoadipate_dehydrogenase_complex
Edible-pod pea
089 g Protein 2.8 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.027 g Threonine 0.099 g Isoleucine 0.161 g Leucine 0.228 g Lysine 0.202 g Methionine 0.011 g Cystine 0.032
Snap_pea
Genus of plants
778 g Protein 13.56 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.181 g Threonine 0.558 g Isoleucine 0.582 g Leucine 0.879 g Lysine 0.747 g Methionine 0.226 g Cystine 0.191
Amaranth
Class of enzymes
and valine translase. This enzyme participates in valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis, and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. As of late 2007, 5 structures
Valine–tRNA_ligase
Chemical compound
biosynthesis in which the proteinogenic amino acid leucine is replaced by isoleucine. β-Ergocryptine was first identified in 1967 by Albert Hofmann. Ergot
Ergocryptine
Experimental drug
AXA1125 is a fixed composition comprising five amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine, arginine, and glutamine) and an amino acid derivative (N-acetylcysteine)
AXA1125
193.2 Glycine 104.0 97.0 85.0 88.1 Histidine 224.0 216.0 194.0 202.5 Isoleucine 197.0 195.0 182.0 181.0 Leucine 201.0 191.0 180.0 193.1 Lysine 236.0 230
Relative accessible surface area
Relative_accessible_surface_area
Species of flowering plant yielding squash and pumpkin
g - g Protein 2.71 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.024 g Threonine 0.066 g Isoleucine 0.098 g Leucine 0.159 g Lysine 0.151 g Methionine 0.039 g Cystine 0.029
Cucurbita_pepo
Species of tree
33.7 g Protein 24.9 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.366 g Threonine 0.94 g Isoleucine 1.18 g Leucine 2.2 g Lysine 0.77 g Methionine 0.611 g Cystine 0.484 g
Juglans_cinerea
Chemical compound
making sara resistant to degradation by aminopeptidases. At position 5, isoleucine is replaced by valine At position 8, phenylalanine is replaced by alanine
Saralasin
Amino acid
Vargulin is a luciferine formed by shellfish from arginine, tryptophan, and isoleucine, and is used to produce bioluminescence in the form of blue light. During
Arginine
Chemical compound
3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid isoleucine→ 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 2-Methylbutyryl-CoA Tiglyl-CoA
Cysteine_sulfinic_acid
Dietary theory for protein nutrition
of canned chickpeas) % WHO requirement Histidine 1236 176% 1274 182% Isoleucine 2056 146% 1984 141% Leucine 4021 144% 3294 118% Lysine 1854 88% 3095 147%
Protein_combining
tRNAIle-lysidine synthase (EC 6.3.4.19, TilS, mesJ (gene), yacA (gene), isoleucine-specific transfer ribonucleate lysidine synthetase, tRNAIle-lysidine synthetase)
TRNAIle-lysidine_synthase
Gamma-aminobutyric acid analog
just one isoform – α2δ-1. The endogenous α-amino acids L-leucine and L-isoleucine, which resemble gabapentin in chemical structure, bind α2δ with similar
Gabapentin
Pharmaceutical drug
and Cys22-Cys39, and differs from by the substitution of leucine for isoleucine at the N-terminal end of the molecule and the absence of a sulfate group
Lepirudin
Technique in molecular biology
amino acid, methionine, and * representing a stop codon, where translation is terminated. All 19 mutants of the isoleucine at position 5 are shown below.
Site-directed_mutagenesis
Chemical compound
Homoalanine is biosynthesized by transaminating oxobutyrate, a metabolite in isoleucine biosynthesis. It is used by nonribosomal peptide synthases. One example
Α-Aminobutyric_acid
Organelle in eukaryotic cells responsible for respiration
Arginine Stop codon Invertebrates AGA, AGG Arginine Serine Fungi CUA Leucine Threonine All of the above AUA Isoleucine Methionine UGA Stop codon Tryptophan
Mitochondria
Chemical compound
3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid isoleucine→ 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 2-Methylbutyryl-CoA Tiglyl-CoA
Glutamate-5-semialdehyde
Class of enzymes
metabolism, synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies, valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, lysine degradation, tryptophan metabolism, pyruvate metabolism
Acetyl-CoA C-acetyltransferase
Acetyl-CoA_C-acetyltransferase
Nut of the oak tree
596 g Protein 6.15 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.074 g Threonine 0.236 g Isoleucine 0.285 g Leucine 0.489 g Lysine 0.384 g Methionine 0.103 g Cystine 0.109
Acorn
Chemical compound
3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid isoleucine→ 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 2-Methylbutyryl-CoA Tiglyl-CoA
4-Maleylacetoacetic_acid
Group of metabolic disorders
which are usually not present. The branched-chain amino acids include isoleucine, leucine and valine. Organic acids refer to the amino acids and certain
Organic_acidemia
American diet supplement company
Asparagine Aspartic acid Cysteine Glutamic acid Glutamine Glycine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Proline Selenocysteine Serine
SlimFast
Chemical compound
3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid is an intermediate in the metabolism of isoleucine. 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoate is synthesized by the action of acetolactate
2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid
2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic_acid
Species of mollusc
(3.5 oz) Carbohydrates 2.07 g Protein Amino acids Threonine 3.416 g Isoleucine 2.447 g Leucine 5.910 g Lysine 4.201 g Methionine 1.293 g Cystine 1.477
Sinotaia_quadrata
Class of enzymes
This enzyme participates in a novel pyruvate pathway for isoleucine biosynthesis. Howell DM, Xu H, White RH (January 1999). "(R)-citramalate
(R)-citramalate_synthase
Amino acid
3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid isoleucine→ 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 2-Methylbutyryl-CoA Tiglyl-CoA
Serine
Sum of food consumed by an organism
Asparagine Aspartic acid Cysteine Glutamic acid Glutamine Glycine Histidine Isoleucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Proline Selenocysteine Serine
Diet_(nutrition)
Energy drink
Caffeine (55 mg/100 mL) Branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs): L-Leucine L-Isoleucine L-Valine Vitamin B3 (niacin) Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine hydrochloride) Vitamin
NOCCO
Enzyme
metabolic pathways: alanine and aspartate metabolism, valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, beta-alanine metabolism, and propanoate metabolism. It uses
Beta-alanine—pyruvate transaminase
Beta-alanine—pyruvate_transaminase
Chemical compound
2-Methylbutyryl-CoA is an intermediate in the metabolism of isoleucine. 2-Methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency Ensenauer (23 April 2002). "Clinical
2-Methylbutyryl-CoA
Short chains of 2–50 amino acids
cyclase activating peptide (PACAP) Peptide PHI 27 (peptide histidine isoleucine 27) Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) 1-24 Glucagon Secretin Neuropeptide
Peptide
Type of secondary structure of proteins
Glutamine Gln Q 0.39 1.63 Glycine Gly G 1.00 4.18 Histidine His H 0.61 2.55 Isoleucine Ile I 0.41 1.72 Leucine Leu L 0.21 0.88 Lysine Lys K 0.26 1.09 Methionine
Alpha_helix
Class of enzymes
and reductoisomerase. This enzyme participates in valine, leucine and isoleucine biosynthesis and pantothenate and coa biosynthesis. As of late 2007, 4
Ketol-acid_reductoisomerase
Chemical compound
consequence of the biosynthesis in which the proteinogenic amino acid isoleucine is replaced by leucine. Steinhilber D, Schubert-Zsilavecz M, Roth HJ (2005)
Epicriptine
Nutrient for the human body
are phenylalanine, valine, threonine, tryptophan, methionine, leucine, isoleucine, lysine, and histidine. There has been debate as to whether there are
Protein_(nutrient)
Chemical compound
essential amino acids: methionine, threonine (an isomer of homoserine), and isoleucine. Commercially, homoserine can serve as precursor to the synthesis of isobutanol
Homoserine
Protein source containing all nine essential amino acids
spinach Tryptophan 7 0.7% 1.33% 1% 1.36% Threonine 27 2.7% 4.42% 3.2% 4.27% Isoleucine 25 2.5% 5.34% 4.2% 5.14% Leucine 55 5.5% 8.65% 7.3% 7.8% Lysine 51 5.1%
Complete_protein
Breakdown product of creatine phosphate
3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid isoleucine→ 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 2-Methylbutyryl-CoA Tiglyl-CoA
Creatinine
Foul-smelling diamine compound
3-Hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA 3-Hydroxyisobutyric acid 2-Methyl-3-oxopropanoic acid isoleucine→ 2,3-Dihydroxy-3-methylpentanoic acid 2-Methylbutyryl-CoA Tiglyl-CoA
Cadaverine
Species of flowering plant
providing a high biological value. The essential amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine are branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), which are essential
Tropaeolum_tuberosum
3(S)-3-methyl-2-oxo-pentanoic acid α-ketoisovaleric acid + isoleucine The two substrates of this enzyme characterised from pea are L-valine
Valine—3-methyl-2-oxovalerate transaminase
Valine—3-methyl-2-oxovalerate_transaminase
Type of amino acid
and ketogenic, known as amphibolic (mnemonic "PITTT"): Phenylalanine Isoleucine Threonine Tryptophan Tyrosine Only leucine and lysine are not glucogenic
Glucogenic_amino_acid
Chemical compound
Furanomycin is an isoleucine—tRNA ligase inhibitor. Katagiri, Ken; Tori, Kazuo; Kimura, Yasuo; Yoshida, Tadashi; Nagasaki, Tohru; Minato, Hitoshi (1967)
Furanomycin
Species of flowering plant
605 g Protein 10.80 g Amino acids Tryptophan 0.189 g Threonine 0.407 g Isoleucine 0.483 g Leucine 0.890 g Lysine 0.369 g Methionine 0.395 g Cystine 0.189
Canarium_ovatum
Medical condition
metabolic disorder. It causes the body to be unable to process the amino acid isoleucine properly. Initial case reports identified individuals with developmental
2-Methylbutyryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency
2-Methylbutyryl-CoA_dehydrogenase_deficiency
Chemical compound
deficiency. This deficiency is classified as a disorder ketone body and isoleucine metabolism that can be inherited.[citation needed] Additional mutations
Acetoacetyl-CoA
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