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Extension of the Bohr model
The Bohr–Sommerfeld model (also known as the Sommerfeld model or Bohr–Sommerfeld theory) was an extension of the Bohr model to allow elliptical orbits
Bohr–Sommerfeld_model
Atomic model introduced by Niels Bohr in 1913
is not to say that the Bohr–Sommerfeld model was without its successes. Calculations based on the Bohr–Sommerfeld model were able to accurately explain
Bohr_model
Topics referred to by the same term
The Sommerfeld model can refer to: Bohr–Sommerfeld model Drude–Sommerfeld model This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Sommerfeld
Sommerfeld_model
Model of electrons within a metallic solid
Sommerfeld, who combined the classical Drude model with quantum mechanical Fermi–Dirac statistics and hence it is also known as the Drude–Sommerfeld model
Free_electron_model
German theoretical physicist (1868–1951)
Arnold Johannes Wilhelm Sommerfeld (German: [ˈaʁnɔlt ˈzɔmɐˌfɛlt]; 5 December 1868 – 26 April 1951) was a German theoretical physicist who pioneered developments
Arnold_Sommerfeld
Predecessor to modern quantum mechanics (1900–1925)
premised on Arnold Sommerfeld's enhancements to the Bohr model of the atom. The main tool of the old quantum theory was the Bohr–Sommerfeld quantization condition
Old_quantum_theory
Model of electrical conduction
Dirac statistics, Arnold Sommerfeld created the free electron model in 1927, significantly improving the predictions. Sommerfeld theory agreed more accurate
Drude_model
Atom of the element hydrogen
of these shortcomings were resolved by Arnold Sommerfeld's modification of the Bohr model. Sommerfeld introduced two additional degrees of freedom, allowing
Hydrogen_atom
expansion Sommerfeld effect Sommerfeld identity Sommerfeld number Sommerfeld parameter Sommerfeld radiation condition Sommerfeld's approximation Sommerfeld–Goubau
List of things named after Arnold Sommerfeld
List_of_things_named_after_Arnold_Sommerfeld
German physicist (1901–1976)
oscillator model could also explain the polarization of fluorescent radiation. These two successes, and the continuing failure of the Bohr–Sommerfeld model to
Werner_Heisenberg
Interpretation of quantum mechanics
cannot account for diamagnetism, Bohr's model of the hydrogen atom and Arnold Sommerfeld's extension of the Bohr model to include relativistic effects. From
Copenhagen_interpretation
Branch of physics focused on matter in the solid state
capacity. Arnold Sommerfeld combined the classical Drude model with quantum mechanics in the free electron model (or Drude-Sommerfeld model). Here, the electrons
Solid-state_physics
Physics principle formulated by Niels Bohr
This gave a mathematical foundation for stationary states of the Bohr-Sommerfeld model of the atom. The second seed was Albert Einstein's quantum derivation
Correspondence_principle
Dimensionless number that quantifies the strength of the electromagnetic interaction
6×10−10. The constant was named by Arnold Sommerfeld, who introduced it in 1916 when extending the Bohr model of the atom. α {\displaystyle \alpha } quantified
Fine-structure_constant
Topics referred to by the same term
particle of a non-interacting electron gas Free electron model, as a particle in the Drude-Sommerfeld model of metals Free-electron laser, as a particle in the
Free_electron
Computer program for antenna modeling
a license. It cannot model buried radials or ground stakes. NEC-3 modified NEC-2 to include a Sommerfeld model to properly model wires buried in or close
Numerical Electromagnetics Code
Numerical_Electromagnetics_Code
1922 physical experiment demonstrating that atomic spin is quantized
the time of the experiment, the most prevalent model for describing the atom was the Bohr-Sommerfeld model, which described electrons as going around the
Stern–Gerlach_experiment
Branch of physics
materials with applications to magnetic storage devices. The Sommerfeld model and spin models for ferromagnetism illustrated the successful application of
Condensed_matter_physics
German theoretical physicist (1888–1956)
bond (ionic bond/octet rule), the Sommerfeld–Kossel displacement law of atomic spectra, and the Kossel–Stranski model for crystal growth. Walther Ludwig
Walther_Kossel
Formula for spectral line wavelengths in alkali metals
series Hydrogen line Rydberg–Ritz combination principle Bohr atom Bohr–Sommerfeld model See: Rydberg, J.R. (1889). "Researches sur la constitution des spectres
Rydberg_formula
Principal energy levels in atomic physics
light atoms:" The shell terminology comes from Arnold Sommerfeld's modification of the 1913 Bohr model. During this period Bohr was working with Walther Kossel
Electron_shell
Mechanical phenomenon
In mechanics, Sommerfeld effect is a phenomenon arising from feedback in the energy exchange between vibrating systems: for example, when for the rocking
Sommerfeld_effect
Spectral line splitting in electrical field
(linear) Stark effect in hydrogen is in agreement with both the old Bohr–Sommerfeld model and the quantum-mechanical theory of the atom, higher-order corrections
Stark_effect
Spin of an electron
pre-1925 period marked the old quantum theory built upon the Bohr-Sommerfeld model of the atom with its classical elliptical electron orbits. During the
Electron_magnetic_moment
Notation for conserved quantities in physics and chemistry
subsequent Nobel lecture, the next step was taken by Arnold Sommerfeld in 1915. Sommerfeld's atomic model added a second quantum number and the concept of quantized
Quantum_number
Formulation of quantum mechanics
Kramers had calculated the relative intensities of spectral lines in the Sommerfeld model by interpreting the Fourier coefficients of the orbits as intensities
Matrix_mechanics
Integral approximation method popular in condensed matter physics
A Sommerfeld expansion is an approximation method developed by Arnold Sommerfeld in 1928 for a certain class of integrals which are common in condensed
Sommerfeld_expansion
Dutch physicist (1865–1943)
age of 78, and was buried in Haarlem. Atom and Atomic Theory Bohr–Sommerfeld model Fresnel drag coefficient Light-dragging effects /ˈzeɪmɑːn/ ZAY-mahn;
Pieter_Zeeman
Method in physics
fermionic, and is calculated by different methods going back to Sommerfeld's free electron model.[citation needed] It was long thought that phonon theory is
Debye_model
Model of optics describing light as geometric rays
short-wavelength limit for solutions to hyperbolic partial differential equations (Sommerfeld–Runge method) or as a property of propagation of field discontinuities
Geometrical_optics
Method of solution for certain mechanical problems
spherical coordinates and parabolic coordinates. Physics portal Bohr–Sommerfeld model Integrable system Einstein–Brillouin–Keller method Superintegrable
Action-angle_coordinates
Charts of molecules
by experiment, by the solar system model, and by solutions to the Schroedinger equation. The Bohr–Sommerfeld model should not be ignored: it gave explanations
Periodic systems of small molecules
Periodic_systems_of_small_molecules
_{m}\omega )^{2}}}} (The above equation is derived from the Drude-Lorentz-Sommerfeld model. It neglects transient effects of electron motion and is only qualitatively
Collisional_scattering
Chance of overcoming the Coulomb barrier
The Gamow factor, Sommerfeld factor or Gamow–Sommerfeld factor, named after physicists George Gamow and Arnold Sommerfeld, is a probability factor for
Gamow_factor
German-British architect and builder
Allgemeine Häuserbau-Actien-Gesellschaft (AHAG)-Sommerfeld. In 1923 Sommerfeld financed the construction of the model house Am Horn, which was built for the first
Adolf_Sommerfeld
approximately constant). A more accurate description may be used with the Bohr–Sommerfeld model of the atom. The theoretical limit for the wavelength in the Pickering-Fowler
Pickering_series
Details in the emission spectrum of an atom
electrons in his Bohr model of the atom precessed due to relativistic effects. A successful relativistic formula was given by Arnold Sommerfeld in 1916. In the
Fine_structure
English physicist (1875–1965)
Advanced Certificate in botany, mechanics, physiology, advanced chemistry model drawing and mathematics. In 1892 at the examination of the Royal Highland
William Wilson (English academic)
William_Wilson_(English_academic)
multiply in a way that Bohr's model couldn't explain. In 1916, Arnold Sommerfeld added elliptical orbits to the Bohr model to explain the extra emission
History_of_atomic_theory
Indian mathematician and physicist
explicitly defending Werner Heisenberg's theoretical methods and Arnold Sommerfeld's models against Stark's experimentalist critique, and arguing that the advance
B._S._Madhava_Rao
Description of a quantum-mechanical system
t)+V(\mathbf {r} )\Psi (\mathbf {r} ,t).} By that time Arnold Sommerfeld had refined the Bohr model with relativistic corrections. Schrödinger used the relativistic
Schrödinger_equation
Physical phenomenon
Electromagnetic Surface Wave of Sommerfeld", Phys. Rev. 76, 406–410 (1949). L.A. Ostrovsky (ed.), "Laboratory modeling and theoretical studies of surface
Surface_wave
Physical model of non-interacting fermions
ideal Fermi gas is related to the zero temperature Fermi energy EF by a Sommerfeld expansion (assuming k B T ≪ E F {\displaystyle k_{\rm {B}}T\ll E_{\mathrm
Fermi_gas
German physicist
University of Göttingen. From 1908 to 1911, Lenz studied under Arnold Sommerfeld, at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, and he was granted his
Wilhelm_Lenz
Description of physical properties at the atomic and subatomic scale
classical physics cannot account for diamagnetism, and Arnold Sommerfeld's extension of the Bohr model to include special-relativistic effects. In the mid-1920s
Quantum_mechanics
Controversies around the Nobel Prize in Physics
(1965) is still a sine qua non reference for nuclear physicists. Arnold Sommerfeld was nominated for the Nobel Prize 84 times, more than any other physicist
Nobel Prize in Physics controversies
Nobel_Prize_in_Physics_controversies
Physical constant in quantum mechanics
concept of the "old quantum theory" developed by physicists including Bohr, Sommerfeld, and Ishiwara, in which particle trajectories exist but are hidden, but
Planck_constant
German crystallographer and physicist (1888–1985)
Jeans’ review on radiation theory and Bohr’s model. This ignited a major new area of research for Sommerfeld and his students — the study and interpretation
Paul_Peter_Ewald
theorem Bohr–Kramers–Slater theory Bohr–Einstein debates Sommerfeld–Bohr theory Bohr–Sommerfeld quantization Bohr's complementarity principle Bohr's correspondence
List of things named after Niels Bohr
List_of_things_named_after_Niels_Bohr
Ratio of inertial to viscous forces acting on a liquid
by George Stokes in 1851, but the Reynolds number was named by Arnold Sommerfeld in 1908 after Osborne Reynolds who popularized its use in 1883 (an example
Reynolds_number
Differential equation describing pressure distribution of thin viscous fluids
the case of rigid sphere on flat geometry, steady-state case and half-Sommerfeld cavitation boundary condition, the 2-D Reynolds equation can be solved
Reynolds_equation
Danish physicist (1885–1962)
Einstein, Enrico Fermi, Max Born and Arnold Sommerfeld saw it as a breakthrough. Einstein called Bohr's model "the highest form of musicality in the sphere
Niels_Bohr
Hypothetical faster-than-light particle
the advent of relativity by such physicists as JJ Thomson and Arnold Sommerfeld. The possibility of existence of faster-than-light particles was also
Tachyon
Defunct piano company, Bydgoszcz, Poland, 20th
The Bruno Sommerfeld Piano Factory (Polish: Fabryka Pianin i Fortepianów Brunona Sommerfelda) was a Polish piano manufacturing company that operated in
Bruno Sommerfeld piano factory
Bruno_Sommerfeld_piano_factory
German-American physicist (1906–2005)
certain one-dimensional quantum many-body models. He was influenced by Fermi's simplicity and Sommerfeld's rigor in approaching problems and these qualities
Hans_Bethe
Theory. Vol. 1, часть 2. The Quantum Theory of Planck, Einstein, Bohr and Sommerfeld: Its Foundation and the Rise of Its Difficulties 1900—1925. Springer.
Bohr model of the chemical bond
Bohr_model_of_the_chemical_bond
German physicist
doctorate in 1909 under August Weismann. After hearing lectures by Arnold Sommerfeld at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Becker turned his professional
Richard_Becker_(physicist)
Type of dense exotic matter in physics
developed a semi-classical model for electrons in a metal. The model treated the electrons as a gas. Later in 1927, Arnold Sommerfeld applied the Pauli principle
Degenerate_matter
1927 physics conference in Como, Italy
During the conference, Arnold Sommerfeld presented the free electron model for metals, which extended the classical Drude model by introducing the recently
Como_Conference
Gas equation of state which accounts for non-ideal gas behavior
(help) Pitzer et al. 1955, p. 3433 Sommerfeld 1956, pp. 61–63 Sommerfeld 1956, pp. 60–62 Sommerfeld 1956, p. 61 Sommerfeld 1956, p. 62, Fig.8 Van Wylen &
Van_der_Waals_equation
German–British physicist (1882–1970)
the boarding house was Paul Peter Ewald, a doctoral student of Arnold Sommerfeld, on loan to Hilbert at Göttingen as a special assistant for physics. Richard
Max_Born
German-American physicist
of the city of Wuppertal, Germany. In 1913, Landé was sent by Arnold Sommerfeld, his thesis advisor at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, to
Alfred_Landé
Quantum number parameterizing spin and angular momentum
table. In order to explain the Zeeman effect in the Bohr model of the atom, Arnold Sommerfeld proposed that electrons would be based on three 'quantum
Spin_quantum_number
Large-screen film format
(1974). Expo '74 World's Fair, Spokane. Lawton Printing. LCCN 74-15913. Sommerfeld, Seth (May 2, 2024). "Expo '74 featured the biggest movie screen on the
IMAX
Elastic interaction of x-rays with electrons
Sommerfeld suggested that X-rays had a wavelength of about 1 angstrom. X-rays are not only waves but also have particle properties causing Sommerfeld
X-ray_diffraction
Field of physics that studies the atom
Springer Nature. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-69507-0. ISBN 978-3-031-69507-0. Sommerfeld, A. (1923) Atomic structure and spectral lines. (translated from German
Atomic_physics
Belgium academic gatherings since 1911
prevailing after the First World War. So there was no Planck, Einstein, Sommerfeld or Born. Perhaps the most famous conference was the fifth Solvay Conference
Solvay_Conference
Random motion of particles suspended in a fluid
velocity distribution. The fraction 27/64 was commented on by Arnold Sommerfeld in his necrology on Smoluchowski: "The numerical coefficient of Einstein
Brownian_motion
Austrian physicist (1887–1961)
v6i1.68. Lakhtakia, Akhlesh (1996). Models and Modelers of Hydrogen: Thales, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, Sommerfeld, Goudsmit, Heisenberg, Schrödinger,
Erwin_Schrödinger
1913 model of abrupt transitions of quantum systems
Phys. 70 101–144 (1998). (Beschreibung der Dynamik offener Systeme mittels Quantensprüngen) Historisches zum Quantensprung, Sommerfeld und Einstein 1911
Quantum_jump
using a mathematical method (the Sommerfeld–Watson representation) discovered decades earlier by Arnold Sommerfeld and Kenneth M. Watson: the result
History_of_string_theory
Dutch physicist (1895–1967)
the hydrogen molecule ion in the Bohr–Sommerfeld framework. Their work is referred to as the Pauli-Niessen model. Their works helped to show the inadequacy
Karel_Niessen
Slater in 1930, and illustrated as a curve on a graph in a review by Sommerfeld and Bethe in 1933. For a pair of atoms, the exchange interaction wij (responsible
Bethe–Slater_curve
x ) = 144 x 3 . {\displaystyle y_{p}(x)={\frac {144}{x^{3}}}.} Arnold Sommerfeld used this particular solution and provided an approximate solution which
Thomas–Fermi_equation
German-born theoretical physicist (1879–1955)
that de Broglie waves could explain the quantization rules of Bohr and Sommerfeld. This paper would inspire Schrödinger's work of 1926. Einstein played
Albert_Einstein
Law of electrical current and voltage
Arnold Sommerfeld applied the quantum Fermi-Dirac distribution of electron energies to the Drude model, resulting in the free electron model. A year
Ohm's_law
Scientific background leading to the discovery of subatomic particles
a convenient mathematical construct, while scientists such as Arnold Sommerfeld and Ludwig Boltzmann saw that physical theories required the existence
Discovery_of_the_neutron
German TV series or program
Dr. Sommerfeld – Neues vom Bülowbogen is a German television series. List of German television series Dr. Sommerfeld – Neues vom Bülowbogen at IMDb v
Dr. Sommerfeld – Neues vom Bülowbogen
Dr._Sommerfeld_–_Neues_vom_Bülowbogen
Dutch-American physical chemist (1884–1966)
Debye model. In 1913, he extended Niels Bohr's theory of atomic structure, introducing elliptical orbits, a concept also introduced by Arnold Sommerfeld. In
Peter_Debye
German art school and art movement
Kandinsky. The first major joint project completed by the Bauhaus was the Sommerfeld House, which was built between 1920 and 1921. A tumultuous year at the
Bauhaus
British physicist
(LMU Munich) to study physics, and received his doctorate under Arnold Sommerfeld in 1930. His first position was as Privatdozent at the University of Freiburg
Herbert_Fröhlich
German mathematician (1826–1866)
ISBN 978-3-319-26042-6. Arnold Sommerfeld, „Vorlesungen über theoretische Physik“, Bd.2 (Mechanik deformierbarer Medien), Harri Deutsch, S.124. Sommerfeld heard the story
Bernhard_Riemann
Quantum number denoting orbital angular momentum
by Arnold Sommerfeld in 1915 as part of an ad hoc description of the energy structure of atomic spectra. Only later with the quantum model of the atom
Azimuthal_quantum_number
Tool from special relativity
Minkowski spacetime by Albert Einstein (1907, 1912), Max Born (1909), Arnold Sommerfeld (1910), Max von Laue (1911), Hendrik Lorentz (1913), Friedrich Kottler
Rindler_coordinates
German physicist
especially the Sommerfeld-Bohr model: the Theoretical Physics Institute at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, under Sommerfeld, the Institute
Helmut_Hönl
Theoretical framework in physics
an electron is 1/2; the electron g-factor is 2; it led to the correct Sommerfeld formula for the fine structure of the hydrogen atom; and it could be used
Quantum_field_theory
c. 1300–750 BC archaeological culture of Central Europe
angle or at the base of the sickle body. The archaeologist Christoph Sommerfeld examined the rules and realized that the casting marks are composed of
Urnfield_culture
Combining capacity of elements with other atoms
definition of absolute valency seems to be that adopted by Grimm and Sommerfeld, that it is numerically equal to the number of electrons of the atom 'engaged'
Valence_(chemistry)
Number assigned to each electron shell in an atom
the spectrum that was obtained with the help application of the Bohr–Sommerfeld quantization rules to the classical equations. The radial quantum number
Principal_quantum_number
Mathematical model combining space and time
Annals of Physics (Annalen der Physik) was edited by Sommerfeld to remove this term. Sommerfeld also edited the published form of this lecture to revise
Spacetime
Incorrect but seminal physical theory
external potential only modifies the pre-existing levels. The PTV model departs from Sommerfeld's scheme in that whereas the latter has an orbital radius that
Vortex_theory_of_the_atom
German actor (born 1968)
Maria (born 1988), from a previous relationship. He married Madeleine Sommerfeld in 1997, adopted her two sons and the couple had a daughter (born 1999)
Jürgen_Vogel
Universal and unchanging physical quantity
proton-to-electron mass ratio. The fine-structure constant α, introduced by Arnold Sommerfeld, is the best known dimensionless fundamental physical constant. It is
Physical_constant
German theoretical physicist (1893–1983)
especially the Sommerfeld-Bohr model: the Theoretical Physics Institute at the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, under Arnold Sommerfeld, the Institute
Adolf_Kratzer
Relativistic quantum mechanical wave equation
hydrogen atom spectrum for which an exact form was known due to Arnold Sommerfeld, he abandoned his relativistic formulation. The Klein–Gordon equation
Dirac_equation
Property of physical systems that stays somewhat constant through slow changes
its classical adiabatic invariant. This determined the form of the Bohr–Sommerfeld quantization rule: the quantum number is the area in phase space of the
Adiabatic_invariant
Near-field diffraction
correspond well to the values calculated for them. According to the Rayleigh–Sommerfeld diffraction theory, the electric-field diffraction pattern at a point
Fresnel_diffraction
Hedfeld Ralph Herforth [de], Dana Vávrová, Lena Amende [de], Sebastian Sommerfeld Thriller Lawine Thomas Kronthaler [de] Stephan Luca [de], Muriel Baumeister
List of German films of the 2000s
List_of_German_films_of_the_2000s
Austrian theoretical physicist (1880–1933)
mathematician Gustav Herglotz; Munich, where he met theoretical physicist Arnold Sommerfeld; Zürich; and Vienna. In Prague he met Albert Einstein for the first time
Paul_Ehrenfest
Tabular arrangement of the chemical elements
those now known. They were improved further after the work of Arnold Sommerfeld and Edmund Stoner discovered more quantum numbers. The first one to systematically
Periodic_table
SOMMERFELD MODEL
SOMMERFELD MODEL
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Sample; Model; Paragon
Boy/Male
Tamil
Ayilyam | அயீலà¯à®¯à®®
Model state of india
Ayilyam | அயீலà¯à®¯à®®
Surname or Lastname
English and Irish (of Norman origin), and northern French
English and Irish (of Norman origin), and northern French : habitational name from any of several places in northern France, such as Nogent-sur-Oise, named with Latin Novientum, apparently an altered form of a Gaulish name meaning ‘new settlement’.The Anglo-Norman family of this name is descended from Fulke de Bellesme, lord of Nogent in Normandy, who was granted large estates around Winchester after the Conquest. His great-grandson was Hugh de Nugent (died 1213), who went to Ireland with Hugh de Lacy, and was granted lands in Bracklyn, County Westmeath. The family formed itself into a clan on the Irish model, of which the chief bore the hereditary title of Uinsheadun (Irish Uinnseadún), from their original seat at Winchester. They have been Earls of Westmeath since 1621. The name is now a common one in Ireland, and has been adopted there by some who have no connection with the clan.
Surname or Lastname
English and Dutch
English and Dutch : from the medieval personal name Benedict (Latin Benedictus meaning ‘blessed’). This owed its popularity in the Middle Ages chiefly to St. Benedict of Norcia (c.480–550), who founded the Benedictine order of monks at Monte Cassino and wrote a monastic rule that formed a model for all subsequent rules. No doubt the meaning of the Latin word also contributed to its popularity as a personal name, especially in Romance countries.
Surname or Lastname
German
German : habitational name from any of several places so named.German : topographic name from fields so named because they were cultivated only in the summer, from Middle High German sumer, Middle Low German somer ‘summer’ + Middle High German, Middle Low German velt ‘open country’.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : ornamental name composed of German Sommer ‘summer’ + Feld ‘field’. Compare Sommer.English : variant of Summerfield.
Boy/Male
Muslim
Model, Example
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from Summerfield in Wiltshire.Scottish : variant of Somerville.Americanized form of Ashkenazic Jewish Sommerfeld(t) (see Sommerfeld).
Boy/Male
Muslim
Sample, Model, Paragon
Boy/Male
Egyptian
To model.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Pioneers; Explorers; Guides; Leaders; Models
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Model; Example
Boy/Male
Celebrity, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Sikh, Tamil, Telugu, Traditional
New; Role Model of World; Ever Fresh
Girl/Female
Czech, Czechoslovakian, Danish, Finnish, German, Hebrew, Irish, Jewish, Polish
Friend; Beautiful; Model of Righteous Convert; Friendship
Boy/Male
Hindu
Model state of india
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant spelling of Summerfield.
Girl/Female
Arabic, Muslim
Example; Model; Demo
Surname or Lastname
English and Scottish
English and Scottish : occupational name for a stonemason, Middle English, Old French mas(s)on. Compare Machen. Stonemasonry was a hugely important craft in the Middle Ages.Italian (Veneto) : from a short form of Masone.French : from a regional variant of maison ‘house’.George Mason (1725–92), the American colonial statesman who framed the VA Bill of Rights and Constitution, which was used as a model by Thomas Jefferson when drafting the Declaration of Independence, was a VA planter, fourth in descent from George Mason (?1629–?86), a royalist soldier of the English Civil War who had received land grants in VA. As well as being prominent in the affairs of VA, the family also produced the first governor of MI.
Surname or Lastname
English and French
English and French : nickname for a tall person, from Old English lang, long, Old French long ‘long’, ‘tall’ (equivalent to Latin longus).Irish (Ulster (Armagh) and Munster) : reduced Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Longáin (see Langan).Chinese : from the name of an official treasurer called Long, who lived during the reign of the model emperor Shun (2257–2205 bc). his descendants adopted this name as their surname. Additionally, a branch of the Liu clan (see Lau 1), descendants of Liu Lei, who supposedly had the ability to handle dragons, was granted the name Yu-Long (meaning roughly ‘resistor of dragons’) by the Xia emperor Kong Jia (1879–1849 bc). Some descendants later simplified Yu-Long to Long and adopted it as their surname.Chinese : there are two sources for this name. One was a place in the state of Lu in Shandong province during the Spring and Autumn period (722–481 bc). The other source is the Xiongnu nationality, a non-Han Chinese people.Chinese : variant of Lang.Cambodian : unexplained.
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Traditional
Model; Idea
Surname or Lastname
German
German : habitational name from any of several places so named, for example in Westphalia and Switzerland.German : nickname from Middle High German heiden ‘heathen’, Old High German heidano, apparently a derivative of heida ‘heath’, modeled on Latin paganus (see Pain 1). The nickname was sometimes used to refer to a Christian knight who had been on a Crusade to fight in the Holy Land.Jewish (Ashkenazic) : of uncertain origin; possibly a shortened form of any of various ornamental names formed with German Heide- ‘heath’, for example Heidenberg, Heidenkorn, Heidenkrug, Heidenwurzel.English : variant spelling of Hayden.Dutch : shortened form of vanderHeiden.
SOMMERFELD MODEL
SOMMERFELD MODEL
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
First God; Guru
Girl/Female
Hebrew
Joyous melody.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Holy song
Girl/Female
Anglo Saxon
Little wealthy one.
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
To Praise; To Describe
Girl/Female
Australian, Greek
Thirsty Plant
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of various places named with Old English hwǣte ‘wheat’ + lēah ‘(woodland) clearing’, as for example Whatley in Somerset, Whately in Warwickshire, or any of the places mentioned at Wheatley.
Girl/Female
French
Flower.
Boy/Male
Tamil
Work, Achievement, Worship
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Thorington.
SOMMERFELD MODEL
SOMMERFELD MODEL
SOMMERFELD MODEL
SOMMERFELD MODEL
SOMMERFELD MODEL
a.
Suitable to be taken as a model or pattern; as, a model house; a model husband.
n.
Relative dimensions, without difference in proportion of parts; size or degree of the parts or components in any complex thing, compared with other like things; especially, the relative proportion of the linear dimensions of the parts of a drawing, map, model, etc., to the dimensions of the corresponding parts of the object that is represented; as, a map on a scale of an inch to a mile.
v. t.
To plan or form after a pattern; to form in model; to form a model or pattern for; to shape; to mold; to fashion; as, to model a house or a government; to model an edifice according to the plan delineated.
v. t.
To represent by an image, form, model, or resemblance.
n.
A model; a pattern; a mold.
n.
A rude model; the rudimentary, unfinished form of a thing.
a.
Of the nature of a type; representing something by a form, model, or resemblance; emblematic; prefigurative.
imp. & p. p.
of Model
v. i.
To make a copy or a pattern; to design or imitate forms; as, to model in wax.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Model
n.
Anything which serves, or may serve, as an example for imitation; as, a government formed on the model of the American constitution; a model of eloquence, virtue, or behavior.
n.
The act or art of making a model from which a work of art is to be executed; the formation of a work of art from some plastic material. Also, in painting, drawing, etc., the expression or indication of solid form.
v. t.
To model.
n.
Carved work modeled of, or cut upon, wood, stone, metal, etc.
n.
Something intended to serve, or that may serve, as a pattern of something to be made; a material representation or embodiment of an ideal; sometimes, a drawing; a plan; as, the clay model of a sculpture; the inventor's model of a machine.
n.
One who models; hence, a worker in plastic art.
v. t.
To represent by a type, model, or symbol beforehand; to prefigure.