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Argument for the existence of God
The argument from reason is a transcendental argument against metaphysical naturalism and for the existence of God (or at least a supernatural being that
Argument_from_reason
Consideration which justifies, guides, or explains
In philosophy and argumentation, a reason is a consideration that counts in favor of a conclusion, action, attitude or fact, or that explains why something
Reason_(argument)
Capacity for consciously making sense of things
conclusion of an inductive argument follows with some degree of probability. For this reason also, the conclusion of an inductive argument contains more information
Reason
Philosophical question
exist. The "no reason" argument The "no reason" argument tries to show that an omnipotent and omniscient being would not have any reason to act in any
Existence_of_God
Argument for the existence of God
existence. By referring to reason and observation alone for its premises—and precluding revelation—this category of argument falls within the domain of
Cosmological_argument
Attempt to persuade or to determine the truth of a conclusion
to give reasons for one's thinking and understanding via justification, explanation, or persuasion. As a series of logical steps, arguments are intended
Argument
Visual representation of the structure of an argument
key components of the argument, traditionally called the conclusion and the premises, also called contention and reasons. Argument maps can also show co-premises
Argument_map
Argument for the existence of God
teleological argument (from τέλος, telos, 'end, aim, goal'), also known as physico-theological argument, argument from design, or intelligent design argument, is
Teleological_argument
Reason arguing against a premise, argument, or conclusion; expression of disagreement
In argumentation, an objection is a reason arguing against a premise, argument, or conclusion. Definitions of objection vary in whether an objection is
Objection_(argument)
Argument for the existence of God
argument is a deductive philosophical argument, made from an ontological basis, that is advanced in support of the existence of God. Such arguments tend
Ontological_argument
Topics referred to by the same term
relationship between two or more events Reason (argument), a premise in support of an argument, for what reason or purpose Grounding (metaphysics), a topic
Why
Fallacy that since an argument contains a logical fallacy, its conclusion must be false
also called argument to logic (argumentum ad logicam), the fallacy fallacy, the fallacist's fallacy, and the bad reasons fallacy. An argument from fallacy
Argument_from_fallacy
Topics referred to by the same term
Reason may also refer to: The cause of something Rationality, the quality or state of being reasonable, based on facts or reason Reason (argument),
Reason_(disambiguation)
Argument against surveillance
The "nothing to hide" argument is an argument which states that an individual has no reason to fear or oppose surveillance or breach of privacy, unless
Nothing_to_hide_argument
Argument for the existence of God
meta-ethics. German philosopher Immanuel Kant devised an argument from morality based on practical reason. Kant argued that the goal of humanity is to achieve
Argument_from_morality
Philosophical argument
religion". It comes as an expansion of the argument from reason, although the two are separate philosophical arguments. The idea that "naturalism" undercuts
Evolutionary argument against naturalism
Evolutionary_argument_against_naturalism
Form of reasoning
conditions an argument is valid. According to the semantic approach, an argument is valid if there is no possible interpretation of the argument whereby its
Deductive_reasoning
Philosophical argument for the existence of God
refer to the principle of sufficient reason. Since Craig's original publication, the Kalam cosmological argument has elicited public debate between Craig
Kalam_cosmological_argument
Philosophical view
The lazy argument or idle argument (Ancient Greek: ἀργὸς λόγος) is an attempt to undermine the philosophical doctrine of fatalism by demonstrating that
Lazy_argument
Argument for the existence of God
Possible Argument in Support of a Demonstration of the Existence of God. C. S. Lewis's argument from reason is also a kind of transcendental argument. Most
Transcendental argument for the existence of God
Transcendental_argument_for_the_existence_of_God
Academic field of logic and rhetoric
to identify faulty reasoning in the opponent's argument, to attack the reasons/premises of the argument, to provide counterexamples if possible, to identify
Argumentation_theory
Deductive philosophical argument
A transcendental argument is a kind of deductive argument that appeals to the necessary conditions that make experience and knowledge possible. Transcendental
Transcendental_argument
Statement supporting a conclusion
true or false statements that serve as the starting points of arguments by presenting reasons to justify or refute standpoints. For example, the premises
Premise
Type of argument
In argumentation theory, an argumentation scheme or argument scheme is a template that represents a common type of argument used in ordinary conversation
Argumentation_scheme
Philosophical argument that asserts an inconsistency with nonbelief and God's existence
L. Schellenberg's 1993 book Divine Hiddenness and Human Reason. According to this argument, if God existed (and was perfectly good and loving) every
Argument_from_nonbelief
Form of incorrect argument and informal fallacy
(sometimes written as strawman) is the informal fallacy of refuting an argument different from the one actually under discussion, while not recognizing
Straw_man
Attacking the person rather than their argument
character of the proponent of the argument and concluding that it is a sufficient reason to drop the initial argument. Ad hominem tu quoque (literally
Ad_hominem
Argument that uses faulty reasoning
inference five such reasons used in an argument that was further developed by later logicians. Asiddha: It is the unproved reason that results in this
Fallacy
use of invalid or otherwise faulty reasoning in the construction of an argument. All forms of human communication can contain fallacies. Because of their
List_of_fallacies
Logic founded on unproven premises
when an argument's premises assume the truth of the conclusion. Historically, begging the question refers to a fault in a dialectical argument in which
Begging_the_question
Argument for the negative view on procreation
Benatar's asymmetry argument for antinatalism is an argument based on the difference between harms and benefits viewed in two scenarios — when the person
Benatar's_asymmetry_argument
Topics referred to by the same term
of something, or give evidence or reasons for accepting a particular conclusion. Argument may also refer to: Argument (complex analysis), a function which
Argument_(disambiguation)
Thought experiment used to demonstrate the impossibility of proving any truth
of knowledge Rational fideism – Philosophical view on faith and reason Regress argument – Philosophical problemPages displaying short descriptions of redirect
Münchhausen_trilemma
Topics referred to by the same term
Justification may refer to: Reason (argument) Justification (epistemology), a property of beliefs that a person has good reasons for holding Justification
Justification
Doomsday scenario on human births
The doomsday argument (DA), or Carter catastrophe, is a probabilistic argument that aims to predict the total number of humans who will ever live. It
Doomsday_argument
Argument from a yet stronger reason
fortiori (literally "argument from the stronger [reason]") (UK: /ˈɑː fɔːrtiˈoʊri/, US: /ˈeɪ fɔːrʃiˈɔːraɪ/) is a form of argumentation that draws upon existing
Argumentum_a_fortiori
Argument for the belief in God
philosophical argument advanced by Blaise Pascal (1623–1662), a French mathematician, philosopher, physicist, and theologian. This argument posits that
Pascal's_wager
Study of correct reasoning
usually not possible straight away. For this reason, it is normally necessary to formulate a sequence of arguments as intermediary steps, each of which brings
Logic
That mind-independent objects do not exist because it is impossible to conceive of them
Master argument for the classical master argument related to the problem of future contingents. The master argument is George Berkeley's argument that mind-independent
Master_argument
Hypothesis that reality could be a computer simulation
claims that his argument goes beyond the classical ancient "skeptical hypothesis", claiming that "... we have interesting empirical reasons to believe that
Simulation_hypothesis
Axiom that has everything has a reason
without reason) and the formulation of the ontological argument for the existence of God. A clearer connection is with the cosmological argument for the
Principle of sufficient reason
Principle_of_sufficient_reason
Thought experiment in the philosophy of mind
In philosophy of mind, the knowledge argument (also known as Mary's Room, Mary the Colour Scientist, or Mary the super-scientist) is a thought experiment
Knowledge_argument
Argument for the existence of God
The argument from beauty (also the aesthetic argument) is an argument for the existence of a realm of immaterial ideas or, most commonly, for the existence
Argument_from_beauty
Thought experiment in philosophy
circumstances identical to our own. The zombie argument claims that one can tell by the power of reason that such a "zombie scenario" is metaphysically
Philosophical_zombie
2013 book by A. C. Grayling
The God Argument: The Case against Religion and for Humanism is a 2013 book by the English philosopher and humanist A. C. Grayling, in which he counters
The_God_Argument
Logical fallacy in which the conclusion provides the premise
which the reasoner begins with what they are trying to end with. Circular reasoning is not a formal fallacy, but a pragmatic defect in an argument whereby
Circular_reasoning
Method of logical reasoning
refers to a variety of methods of reasoning in which the conclusion of an argument is supported not with deductive certainty, but at best with some degree
Inductive_reasoning
Work by Thomas Paine, published 1794, 1795 and 1807
Revolution, received it with more hostility. The Age of Reason presents common deistic arguments; for example, it highlights what Paine saw as corruption
The_Age_of_Reason
Rhetorical argument
slope argument then it is being suggested they are guilty of fallacious reasoning, and while they are claiming that p implies z, for whatever reason, this
Slippery_slope
Argument for the existence of God
The trademark argument is an a priori argument for the existence of God developed by the French philosopher and mathematician René Descartes. The name
Trademark_argument
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Reasons or reasons in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Reasons may also refer to: Reasons (argument), considerations which count in favor of an
Reasons_(disambiguation)
Linguistic terminology
In linguistics, an argument is an expression that helps complete the meaning of a predicate, the latter referring in this context to a main verb and its
Argument_(linguistics)
Topics referred to by the same term
Nickel Creek The Reasons Why, a band with no recordings, featuring future members of Kansas (band) Reason (argument) The Reason Why Reason Why? This disambiguation
The_Reasons_Why
Set of statements constructed to describe a set of facts which clarifies causes
explanandum under a generalization from which it may be derived in a deductive argument. For example, “All gases expand when heated; this gas was heated; therefore
Explanation
Theology reliant on rational and empirical arguments
theology that seeks to provide arguments for theological topics, such as the existence of a deity, based on human reason. It is distinguished from revealed
Natural_theology
Philosophical worldview rejecting anything supernatural
have developed an argument for dualism dubbed the "argument from reason". They credit C.S. Lewis with first bringing the argument to light in his book
Metaphysical_naturalism
Aquinas's arguments that there is a real God
are: the argument from "first mover"; the argument from universal causation; the argument from contingency; the argument from degree; the argument from final
Five_Ways_(Aquinas)
Informal fallacy
Argument from ignorance (Latin: argumentum ad ignorantiam), or appeal to ignorance, is an informal fallacy where something is claimed to be true or false
Argument_from_ignorance
Philosophical theory
have developed an argument for dualism dubbed the "argument from reason". They credit C. S. Lewis with first bringing the argument to light in his book
Mind–body_dualism
1781 book by Immanuel Kant
Kant's most significant arguments are the "Paralogisms of Pure Reason", the "Antinomy of Pure Reason", and the "Ideal of Pure Reason", aimed against, respectively
Critique_of_Pure_Reason
Method in artificial intelligence
fields, an argumentation framework is a way to deal with contentious information and draw conclusions from it using formalized arguments. In an abstract
Argumentation_framework
Thought experiment
The wax argument or the sheet of wax example is a thought experiment that René Descartes created in the second of his Meditations on First Philosophy.
Wax_argument
Real or apparent mutual contradiction between two ideas that exposes their misconceptions
form of argument in the dialogues of Plato. Kant credited Zeno of Elea (see Zeno's paradoxes) as the inventor of the antinomic mode of argumentation, which
Antinomy
Method of deriving conclusions
parts of formal logic, serving as the logical structure of valid arguments. If an argument with true premises follows a rule of inference then the conclusion
Rule_of_inference
Philosophical argument
The open-question argument is a philosophical argument put forward by British philosopher G. E. Moore in §13 of Principia Ethica (1903), to refute the
Open-question_argument
Argument for the existence of God
The Christological argument is the argument for the existence of God, which holds that if certain claims about Jesus are valid, then one should accept
Christological_argument
Argument for the existence of an immortal soul
The argument from desire is an argument for the existence of the immortality of the soul. The best-known defender of the argument is the Christian writer
Argument_from_desire
Process of drawing correct inferences
Amalia (30 April 2015). The Tapestry of Reason: An Inquiry into the Nature of Coherence and its Role in Legal Argument. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 202. ISBN 9781782255161
Logical_reasoning
Philosophical problem
infinite regress argument is an argument against a theory based on the fact that this theory leads to an infinite regress. For such an argument to be successful
Infinite_regress
13 Reasons Why is an American teen drama television series developed for Netflix by Brian Yorkey, based on the 2007 novel Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay
List of 13 Reasons Why episodes
List_of_13_Reasons_Why_episodes
Two types of knowledge, justification, or argument
transcendental deduction and it is the central argument of his major work, the Critique of Pure Reason. The transcendental deduction argues that time
A_priori_and_a_posteriori
Logical fallacy
Wikiquote has quotations related to Argument from authority. An argument from authority (Latin: argumentum ab auctoritate, also called an appeal to authority
Argument_from_authority
Overview of and topical guide to logic
structure of statements and arguments, both through the study of formal systems of inference and the study of arguments in natural language. The scope
Outline_of_logic
A heuristic argument is an argument that reasons from the value of a method or principle that has been shown experimentally (especially through trial-and-error)
Heuristic_argument
Argument for the existence of God
divine reality. Various reasons have been offered for and against accepting this contention. Contemporary defenders of the argument are Richard Swinburne
Argument from religious experience
Argument_from_religious_experience
Form of incorrect argument in natural language
Only arguments can constitute a fallacy. Various erroneous expressions do not count as fallacies because no argument is made, e.g. because no reasons are
Informal_fallacy
Use of reason to decide how to act
practical reason is the use of reason to decide how to act. It contrasts with theoretical reason, often called speculative reason, the use of reason to decide
Practical_reason
English philosopher (1922–2009)
cases, and argument maps and associated software. In Reason in Ethics (1950), his doctoral dissertation, Toulmin sets out a Good Reasons approach of
Stephen_Toulmin
1974 film by Ritwik Ghatak
Takko Aar Gappo, the elements were presented in their new raw form — reason, argument, story, song that hunger which is the basis of human creativity. So
Jukti_Takko_Aar_Gappo
Book written by C. S. Lewis
have expanded on the "Argument from reason" and credit Lewis with first bringing the argument to light in Miracles. The argument holds that if, as thoroughgoing
Miracles_(book)
Faculty of discovering the crux of the matter
reason is the faculty of discovering the crux of the matter. It is a characteristic of rhetorical invention (inventio) and it precedes argumentation.
Rhetorical_reason
Formalised description of reasoning
The logic of argumentation (LA) is a formalised description of the ways in which humans reason and argue about propositions. It is used, for example,
Logic_of_argumentation
Philosophical argument against compatilibism by Peter van Inwagen
The Consequence Argument is a philosophical argument for the incompatibility of free will and determinism. The argument was most notably introduced by
Consequence_argument
Philosophical question
morally or philosophically sufficient reason – for the existence of evil. This is intended to weaken the evidential argument which uses the reality of evil to
Problem_of_evil
German philosopher (1724–1804)
cognition. For this reason, Kant also supplies a synthetic argument that does not depend upon the assumption in dispute. This argument, provided under the
Immanuel_Kant
View regarding the problem of evil
God's reasons for evils. One argument is based on analogy, likening our understanding of God's motives to those of a child grasping a parent's reasons for
Skeptical_theism
Argument in the philosophy of science
meta-induction is the argument that if past successful and accepted scientific theories were found to be false, we have no reason to believe the scientific
Pessimistic_induction
Spoken presentations to a judge or court
Oral arguments are spoken presentations to a judge or appellate court by a lawyer (or parties when representing themselves) of the legal reasons why they
Oral_argument
Argument in the philosophy of mathematics
The Quine–Putnam indispensability argument is an argument in the philosophy of mathematics for the existence of abstract mathematical objects such as
Quine–Putnam indispensability argument
Quine–Putnam_indispensability_argument
Argument for the existence of God
The argument from degrees, also known as the degrees of perfection argument or the henological argument, is an argument for the existence of God first
Argument_from_degree
2004 film by Beeban Kidron
Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason is a 2004 romantic comedy film directed by Beeban Kidron from a screenplay by Andrew Davies, Helen Fielding, Richard
Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason
Bridget_Jones:_The_Edge_of_Reason
Philosophical view that nothing is morally right or wrong
absurdum of the contrary) the argument from queerness cannot give one any particular reason to think otherwise. An argument along these lines has been provided
Moral_nihilism
2001 studio album by Fugazi
The Argument is the sixth and final studio album by American post-hardcore band Fugazi, released on October 16, 2001, by Dischord Records. It was recorded
The_Argument_(Fugazi_album)
Sub-field of artificial intelligence
and visualisation of arguments and debates. In the 1980s and 1990s, philosophical theories of arguments in general, and argumentation theory in particular
Argument_technology
American philosopher (born 1953)
is an American philosopher best known for his development of the "argument from reason". He is the author of C.S. Lewis's Dangerous Idea (2003) and numerous
Victor_Reppert
Scottish philosopher, historian, economist and essayist (1711–1776)
such as the argument from design. The Danish theologian and philosopher Søren Kierkegaard adopted "Hume's suggestion that the role of reason is not to make
David_Hume
Absence of belief in the existence of deities; the opposite of theism
Theism: Arguments For and Against the Existence of God. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-824682-4. Maritain, Jacques (1952). The Range of Reason. London:
Atheism
Thought experiment in physics
Isaac Newton's rotating bucket argument (also known as Newton's bucket) is a thought experiment that was designed to demonstrate that true rotational motion
Bucket_argument
American libertarian think tank
The Reason Foundation is an American libertarian think tank that was founded in 1978. The foundation publishes the magazine Reason. Based in Los Angeles
Reason_Foundation
Philosophical contradictions of Immanuel Kant
The antinomies, from the Critique of Pure Reason, are contradictions which Immanuel Kant argued follow necessarily from our attempts to cognize the nature
Kant's_antinomies
REASON ARGUMENT
REASON ARGUMENT
Surname or Lastname
English
English : possibly a habitational name from Neaton in Norfolk. However, the modern surname occurs chiefly in the English Midlands suggesting a different source may be involved.
Surname or Lastname
English (Somerset)
English (Somerset) : probably a variant of Raison.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : probably a variant of Easton or Heston.
Male
English
English surname transferred to forename use, BENSON means "son of Ben."
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metronymic from Lees 3.
Male
English
English occupational surname transferred to forename use, from the Greek word diakonos, DEACON means "servant."
Male
Greek
(Μνάσων) Greek name, possibly MNASON means "remembering." In the bible, this is the name of a Christian from Cyprus whom Paul stayed with in Jerusalem.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Eade.Scottish and Irish : alternate Anglicization of Gaelic Mac Aoidh (see McKay).
Boy/Male
African, American, British, Christian, English, Jamaican
Protector; Great One
Boy/Male
African, American, Australian, British, Celtic, Chinese, Christian, English, French, German, Jamaican, Portuguese
Son of a Champion; New York Governor and American Vice President Nelson Rockefeller; South African Activist Nelson Mandela; Solemn; Son of Neil
Surname or Lastname
English
English : voiced variant of Jetson, a patronymic from the personal name Jutt, a pet form of Jordan. Compare Judson.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : patronymic from Day (1 and 2).
Male
English
English patronymic surname transferred to forename use, EASON means "son of Eade."Â
Male
English
English patronymic surname transferred to forename use, NELSON means "son of Neil."
Girl/Female
Latin
Fertile.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Raison.Probably also an Americanized spelling of German Riesen.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : perhaps a variant of Meacham.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : unexplained.Perhaps also an Americanized spelling of Dutch Cruyssen (see Crusan).
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of the habitational name Beeston (see Beaston). The spelling reflects the local pronunciation of the Nottinghamshire place name, although this form is now quite widespread in England.
Boy/Male
Irish
Name of a saint.
REASON ARGUMENT
REASON ARGUMENT
Boy/Male
Tamil
Near to gods feet
Male
English
English form of Roman Latin Justinus, JUSTIN means "fair, just."Â
Girl/Female
Indian
Narrator, Reciter, Transmit
Boy/Male
Hindu
Lord Murugan
Surname or Lastname
English
English : variant of Elder.
Girl/Female
Sikh
Face
Male
Yiddish
(לֵייזֶער) Yiddish form of Hebrew Elazar, LAZER means "my God has helped."
Girl/Female
Scandinavian American
Abbreviation of Katherine. Pure.
Boy/Male
Anglo Saxon American English Teutonic
Wise advisor.
Male
Babylonian
, Anu, is prince; Anammelech.
REASON ARGUMENT
REASON ARGUMENT
REASON ARGUMENT
REASON ARGUMENT
REASON ARGUMENT
v. t.
To find by logical processes; to explain or justify by reason or argument; -- usually with out; as, to reason out the causes of the librations of the moon.
n.
To converse; to compare opinions.
v. t.
To furnish with a beacon or beacons.
v. t.
To overcome or conquer by adducing reasons; -- with down; as, to reason down a passion.
v. t.
To fit for any use by time or habit; to habituate; to accustom; to inure; to ripen; to mature; as, to season one to a climate.
imp. & p. p.
of Reason
n.
One who reasons or argues; as, a fair reasoner; a close reasoner; a logical reasoner.
n.
Fig.: The means or instrument with which one contends against another; as, argument was his only weapon.
n.
Want of reason; unreasonableness; absurdity.
v. i.
To become dry and hard, by the escape of the natural juices, or by being penetrated with other substance; as, timber seasons in the sun.
v. t.
To support with reasons, as a request.
n.
Hence, a period of time, especially as regards its fitness for anything contemplated or done; a suitable or convenient time; proper conjuncture; as, the season for planting; the season for rest.
n.
The faculty or capacity of the human mind by which it is distinguished from the intelligence of the inferior animals; the higher as distinguished from the lower cognitive faculties, sense, imagination, and memory, and in contrast to the feelings and desires. Reason comprises conception, judgment, reasoning, and the intuitional faculty. Specifically, it is the intuitional faculty, or the faculty of first truths, as distinguished from the understanding, which is called the discursive or ratiocinative faculty.
v. t.
To represent as a person; to personify; to impersonate.
v. t.
To fit for taste; to render palatable; to give zest or relish to; to spice; as, to season food.
v. t.
To arrange and present the reasons for or against; to examine or discuss by arguments; to debate or discuss; as, I reasoned the matter with my friend.
v. t.
To persuade by reasoning or argument; as, to reason one into a belief; to reason one out of his plan.
v. t.
Hence, to prepare by drying or hardening, or removal of natural juices; as, to season timber.
n.
Reason.
n.
A thought or a consideration offered in support of a determination or an opinion; a just ground for a conclusion or an action; that which is offered or accepted as an explanation; the efficient cause of an occurrence or a phenomenon; a motive for an action or a determination; proof, more or less decisive, for an opinion or a conclusion; principle; efficient cause; final cause; ground of argument.