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Topics referred to by the same term
Hypervariable may refer to: Hypervariable sequence, a segment of a chromosome characterised by considerable variation in the number of tandem repeats
Hypervariable
Highly polymorphic DNA region
A hypervariable region (HVR) is a location within a sequence where polymorphisms frequently occur. It is used in two contexts: In the case of nucleic
Hypervariable_region
RNA component
Full hypervariable regions can be assembled from a single Illumina run, however, making them ideal targets for the platform. While 16S hypervariable regions
16S_ribosomal_RNA
Group of neurotoxins
interest. The LD50 of conotoxin ranges from 5-25 μg/kg. Conotoxins are hypervariable even within the same species. They do not act within a body where they
Conotoxin
regions, four of which are framework regions and three of which are hypervariable regions. The framework region makes up about 85% of the variable region
Framework_region
Non-coding region of the mitochondrial DNA
region of the human mtDNA genome, with polymorphism concentrated in hypervariable regions. The average nucleotide diversity in these regions is 1.7%.
MtDNA_control_region
Indigenous people in Sri Lanka
Eurasian haplogroups." One phylogenetic study on mitochondrial DNA hypervariable segments HVI and part of HVII showed the Vedda to be "genetically distinct
Veddas
Port city in southern Iraq
Muften; Al-Badran, Adnan Issa (11 April 2020). "Mitochondrial DNA (hypervariable region I) diversity in Basrah population - Iraq". Genomics. 112 (5):
Basra
Whitechapel murder victim (1842–1888)
alleged DNA match was based on one of seven small segments taken from the hypervariable regions within the DNA. The segment contained a sequence variation described
Catherine_Eddowes
DNA located in mitochondria
is usually accomplished on human mitochondrial DNA by sequencing the hypervariable control regions (HVR1 or HVR2), and sometimes the complete molecule
Mitochondrial_DNA
Species of virus
interactions hepatitis C has with the immune system. A hypervariable region, the hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) can be found on the E2 glycoprotein. HVR1
Hepatitis_C_virus
many other bacteria revealed conserved and hypervariable domains reminiscent of conserved and hypervariable sequences found in allorecognition molecules
Multicopy_single-stranded_DNA
Genus of flowering plants
Robertson J (January 2003). "Short tandem repeat (STR) DNA markers are hypervariable and informative in Cannabis sativa: implications for forensic investigations"
Cannabis
Cushitic ethnic group native to the Horn of Africa
population data generated so far is limited to the analysis of the first hypervariable segment (HVS-1) of the control region (CR). Therefore, this study aimed
Somalis
Method of species identification using a short section of DNA
used under CC BY, available from: https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Hypervariable-regions-within-the-16S-rRNA-gene-in-Pseudomonas-The-plotted-line-re
DNA_barcoding
Matrilineal most recent common ancestor of all living humans
(October 1999). "Substitution rate variation among sites in mitochondrial hypervariable region I of humans and chimpanzees". Molecular Biology and Evolution
Mitochondrial_Eve
Mummified Inca girl sacrifice
Andes. Researchers also identified a unique genetic sequence within Hypervariable Region 2 (HV2) that was not present in the mitochondrial DNA databases
Mummy_Juanita
Southern subregion of South America
Jorquera, H; Cifuentes, L; Armanet, L (30 June 2002). "Frequency of the hypervariable DNA loci D18S849, D3S1744, D12S1090 and D1S80 in a mixed ancestry population
Southern_Cone
Protein family
interactions. The N-terminal ~50 amino acids of the protein, termed the hypervariable region, are extremely variable in sequence and account for the high
M_protein_(Streptococcus)
Cascade of intracellular and molecular events for transmission/amplification of signals
by Wu and Kabat identified locations within the V region that were hypervariable and which, they hypothesized, combined in the folded protein to form
Signal_transduction
Protein(s) forming a major part of an organism's immune system
an antigen. More specifically, each variable domain contains three hypervariable regions – the amino acids seen there vary the most from antibody to
Antibody
Genetic study of ancient Neanderthal DNA
Krainitzki, H.; Pääbo, S. (1999). "DNA sequence of the mitochondrial hypervariable region II from the Neandertal type specimen". Proceedings of the National
Neanderthal_genetics
Turkic ethnic group
contribution to Azerbaijan. A 2001 study which looked into the first hypervariable segment of the MtDNA suggested that "genetic relationships among Caucasus
Azerbaijanis
Biological DNA analysis for allele repeats
doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.04.004. PMID 28504203. Tautz D. (1989). "Hypervariability of simple sequences as a general source for polymorphic DNA markers"
STR_analysis
Medication
Greg Winter and his colleagues humanised Campath-1, by extracting the hypervariable loops that had specificity for CD52 and grafting them onto a human antibody
Alemtuzumab
Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup
recognized in hypervariable-only samples by the following essential mutations: Hypervariable region 1: 16224C, 16234T, 16311C, 16519C Hypervariable region 2:
Haplogroup_K1a1b1a_(mtDNA)
Hybrid zone Hybridoma Hydrogen bond Hydroxyapatite Hypermorph Hyperploid Hypervariable region Hypomorph Hypoploid Hypostatic gene Ichthyosis Identical twin
Index_of_genetics_articles
American biologist
et al. 2013; 2015) showed that bacteriophage bind to mucus through hypervariable protein domains displayed on the capsid. This effectively concentrates
Forest_Rohwer
Protein domain
its enzyme substrate: unusually, 8 of these important residues are hypervariable. Altering the enzyme-contact residues, and especially that of the active
Kazal_domain
error-prone reverse transcriptase is responsible for generating these hypervariable regions in target proteins (Mutagenic retrohoming). In mutagenic retrohoming
Diversity-generating retroelement
Diversity-generating_retroelement
Vietnamese breed of dog
GENETIC DIVERSITY OF PHU QUOC RIDGEBACK DOGS BASED ON MITOCHONDRIAL DNA HYPERVARIABLE-1 REGION". Journal of Biotechnology. 14 (1A): 245–253. Quan, Q.D.; Nguyen
Phu_Quoc_Ridgeback
Technique used to identify individuals via DNA characteristics
1016/j.fsisyn.2019.07.003. PMC 7219171. PMID 32411963. Tautz D (1989). "Hypervariability of simple sequences as a general source for polymorphic DNA markers"
DNA_profiling
American immunologist (1937–2015)
antibody combining site and its relationship to antibody idiotypy and the hypervariable regions of antibody molecules. He particularly studied the antibody
J._Donald_Capra
Class of enzyme complexes
of Rab proteins varies in length and sequence and is referred to as hypervariable. Thus Rab proteins do not have a consensus sequence, such as the CAAX
Rab_geranylgeranyltransferase
Commercial genetic testing company
[citation needed] FamilyTreeDNA's first mtDNA tests were for HVR1 (hypervariable region 1) of the mtDNA.[citation needed] Eventually, they added a Plus
FamilyTreeDNA
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
make up the GTPase domain, and the remaining amino acids are part of a hypervariable region ending at the C-terminus in a CAAX motif (C – cysteine, A – aliphatic
RHEB
Part of the variable chains in immunoglobulins and T cell receptors
receptors are found in the CDRs, these regions are sometimes referred to as hypervariable regions. Within the variable domain, CDR1 and CDR2 are found in the
Complementarity-determining region
Complementarity-determining_region
Immune response chemical interaction
variable light chain (VL) and variable heavy chain (VH) creates three hypervariable regions (HV1, HV2, and HV3). In VL these are roughly from residues 28
Antigen-antibody_interaction
Migrations of Indo-Aryans into the Indian subcontinent
S.; Saha, A.; Rai, E.; Bhat, A.; Bamezai, R. (2005), "Human mtDNA hypervariable regions, HVR I and II, hint at deep common maternal founder and subsequent
Indo-Aryan_migrations
Species of hydrozoan
Jane; Lakkis, Fadi G.; Dellaporta, Stephen L.; Buss, Leo W. (2009). "A Hypervariable Invertebrate Allodeterminant". Current Biology. 19 (7): 583–89. doi:10
Hydractinia_symbiolongicarpus
Realm of viruses
prophage contains a hypervariable region that prevents superinfection of the same cell with other microviruses that have similar hypervariable regions. Microviruses
Volvereviria
Species of virus
serotypes described, the 11th in 2004. AAV capsid proteins contain 12 hypervariable surface regions, with most variability occurring in the threefold proximal
Adeno-associated_virus
DNA analysis of Jewish populations
Genetic research by M. Thomas et al. that was based on studying only the hypervariable region 1 (HVS-I) seemed to show that about 26%-27% of Moroccan Jews
Genetic_studies_of_Jews
Genus of gram-negative bacteria
A characteristic of most Campylobacter genomes is the presence of hypervariable regions, which can differ greatly between different strains. Studies
Campylobacter
American physician, researcher, and inventor (born 1953)
Biochemistry Research Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis of Immunoglobulin Hypervariable Regions; Synthesis of Smallest Active Complement Peptides from C3 and
Peter_Tippett
Human mitochondrial DNA grouping indicating common ancestry
HV10 H Defining mutation C/T at location 16298 in segment I one of the hypervariable segment is labeled as HV0 as of 2012. The percentage of people that
Haplogroup_HV
Form of immunotherapy
fragments contain the variable domains, which consist of three antibody hypervariable amino acid domains responsible for the antibody specificity embedded
Monoclonal_antibody_therapy
Region in northern Pakistan
2 mtDNA) for determination of maternal affinities, diversity in the hypervariable region and availability of haplogroups, in different tribes. "Races
Hazara_region
British geneticist (born 1950)
PMC 3909909. PMID 24490906. Jeffreys, A.; Wilson, V.; Thein, S. (1985). "Hypervariable 'minisatellite' regions in human DNA". Nature. 314 (6006): 67–73. Bibcode:1985Natur
Alec_Jeffreys
English biochemist (1942–2019)
Alzari, P. M.; Poljak, R. J. (1989). "Conformations of immunoglobulin hypervariable regions". Nature. 342 (6252): 877–883. Bibcode:1989Natur.342..877C.
Cyrus_Chothia
DNA-based genetic test
A mitochondrial Haplogroup determination test based on mutations in Hypervariable Region 1 and 2 may establish whether a person's direct female line belongs
Genealogical_DNA_test
Protein-coding gene in humans
Hagmann J (September 2000). "Structure and function of the C-terminal hypervariable region of K-Ras4B in plasma membrane targetting and transformation"
KRAS
Repeating sequences of 2–13 base pairs of DNA
PMC 5785450. PMID 28949426. Jeffreys AJ; Wilson V; Thein SL (1985). "Hypervariable 'minisatellite' regions in human DNA". Nature. 314 (6006): 67–73. Bibcode:1985Natur
Microsatellite
Biological scheme on numbering amino acids
"10 invariant and almost invariant glycines" as well as signals of hypervariable regions. Kabat produced the first numbering scheme in 1970. The KabatMan
Kabat_numbering_scheme
Israeli biochemist (born 1935)
antibodies lies in the Fv portion of the molecule and involves three hypervariable sites, today called the complementarity-determining regions (CDRs).
Meir_Wilchek
Archaeological horizon of Neolithic Europe
Austria and one from Hungary. The scientists did not reveal the detailed hypervariable segment I (HVSI) sequences for all the samples, but identified that
Linear_Pottery_culture
British biologist and professor
'A Concordance of Nucleotide Substitutions in the First and Second Hypervariable Segments of the Human mtDNA Control Region', International Journal of
Erika_Hagelberg
Era of prehistory prior to Copper & Bronze ages in each region
is Chikhi. In his 1998 study, utilising polymorphic loci from seven hypervariable autosomal DNA loci, an autocorrelation analysis produced a clinal pattern
Neolithic_Europe
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
PMID 26296490. S2CID 41713544. Amarasinghe C, Jin JP (Jun 2015). "N-Terminal Hypervariable Region of Muscle Type Isoforms of Troponin T Differentially Modulates
Troponin T, slow skeletal muscle
Troponin_T,_slow_skeletal_muscle
Subsystem of the immune system
PMID 19840170. Dong Y, Taylor HE, Dimopoulos G (July 2006). "AgDscam, a hypervariable immunoglobulin domain-containing receptor of the Anopheles gambiae innate
Adaptive_immune_system
Cellular mechanism in B cells
mutations occur mostly at "hotspots" in the DNA, which are concentrated in hypervariable regions. These regions correspond to the complementarity-determining
Somatic_hypermutation
Species of bacterium
One of the most striking findings in the genome was the presence of hypervariable sequences. These short homopolymeric runs of nucleotides were commonly
Campylobacter_jejuni
Immunological process
(V) region and a constant (C) region. The V regions each contain 3 hypervariable regions that make up the antigen-binding site. gamma/delta (γδ) T cells:
Antigen_processing
Probe which tests for biological molecules
Antibodies and artificial families of AgBPs are constituted by a set of hypervariable (or randomized) residue positions, located in a unique sub-region of
Biosensor
Protein complex on the surface of T cells that recognizes antigens
β-chain each have three hypervariable or complementarity-determining regions (CDRs). There is also an additional area of hypervariability on the β-chain (HV4)
T-cell_receptor
Baicharoen S, Hirai Y, Srikulnath K, Kongprom U, Hirai H (2016). "Hypervariability of Nucleolus Organizer Regions in Bengal Slow Lorises, Nycticebus bengalensis
Nucleolus_organizer_region
Species of bird
and are only weakly differentiated with regard to mtDNA D-loop and hypervariable control region sequences and microsatellite genotyping. As they nonetheless
Rock_partridge
Topics referred to by the same term
expectations and their reality. Complementarity-determining region, one of six hypervariable loops which determine the antigen specificity of a given antibody CDR
CDR
DNA analysis of Sinhalese populations
(November 2015). "A study of genetic polymorphisms in mitochondrial DNA hypervariable regions I and II of the five major ethnic groups and Vedda population
Genetic_studies_on_Sinhalese
Field of anthropology
Illustration of the human mitochondrial DNA with the control region (CR, in grey) containing hypervariable sequences I and II.
Molecular_anthropology
Species of bacterium
aurantiaca, and other bacteria reveal conserved and hypervariable domains reminiscent of conserved and hypervariable sequences found in allorecognition molecules
Stigmatella_aurantiaca
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
PMID 15780842. Dong Y, Taylor HE, Dimopoulos G (July 2006). "AgDscam, a hypervariable immunoglobulin domain-containing receptor of the Anopheles gambiae innate
DSCAM
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Gorvel JP, Stelzer E, Simons K, Gruenberg J, Zerial M (October 1991). "Hypervariable C-terminal domain of rab proteins acts as a targeting signal". Nature
RASEF
Austronesian language spoken in southern Thailand and in western Burma
(2009). "Origins of the Moken Sea Gypsies Inferred from Mitochondrial Hypervariable Region and Whole Genome Sequences". Journal of Human Genetics. 54 (2):
Moken_language
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Differential localization of Rho GTPases in live cells: regulation by hypervariable regions and RhoGDI binding". J. Cell Biol. 152 (1): 111–26. doi:10.1083/jcb
ARHGDIA
Insertions and deletions in a genome
species identification based on size variation of mitochondrial DNA hypervariable regions". International Journal of Legal Medicine. 123 (2): 177–184
Indel
Repeating segment of DNA (10-60 base pairs)
(G)) and pyrimidines (cytosine (C) and thymine (T)).[citation needed] Hypervariable minisatellites have core units 9–64 bp long and are found mainly at
Minisatellite
structure probing experiments. Downstream of this pseudoknot lies the hypervariable region (HVR), which is supported by many covarying base pairs in alphacoronaviruses
Coronavirus_3′_UTR
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
is different from Rab11a. High sequence diversity in the C-terminal hypervariable region is responsible for variable membrane targeting between these
RAB11B
Protein-coding gene in humans
PMC 4060951. PMID 24449848. Wahls WP, Swenson G, Moore PD (June 1991). "Two hypervariable minisatellite DNA binding proteins". Nucleic Acids Research. 19 (12):
PRDM9
Topics referred to by the same term
British Columbia, Canada Hotham Valley Railway, in Western Australia Hypervariable region, a location within nuclear or mitochondrial DNA Hypoxic ventilatory
HVR
Species of bacterium
Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis of human origin, and its hypervariability in the 5'-terminal region forms the basis for categorization into separate
Streptococcus_dysgalactiae
Antibodies from non-human species made nearly identical to human ones
dubbed "Campath-1" was developed to bind CD52 using a mouse system. The hypervariable loops of Campath-1 (that contain its CDRs and thereby impart its ability
Humanized_antibody
South African-born biophysicist (born 1947)
Alzari, P. M.; Poljak, R. J. (1989). "Conformations of immunoglobulin hypervariable regions". Nature. 342 (6252): 877–883. Bibcode:1989Natur.342..877C.
Michael_Levitt_(biophysicist)
Malaysian haematologist
Sciences 2026 – Warren Alpert Foundation Prize Thein, Swee Lay (1985). "Hypervariable 'minisatellite'regions in human DNA". Nature. 314 (6006): 67–73. Bibcode:1985Natur
Swee_Lay_Thein
British researcher (1963–2023)
in the genome of the domestic chicken. Bruford's PhD thesis, titled Hypervariable markers in the chicken genome, was submitted in 1992. In 1990, he joined
Michael_W._Bruford
Chemistry award given by the Royal Society
chemistry of human DNA — in particular the discovery and exploitation of hypervariable satellites in the human genome" 1988 John Pople "In recognition of his
Davy_Medal
Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup
proximity during rapid prehistoric population expansions, standard hypervariable region (HVR) sequencing often fails to resolve the exact ancestral origins
Haplogroup_T_(mtDNA)
Mammalian protein found in Homo sapiens
ester lipase-like (CELL) gene is ubiquitously expressed and contains a hypervariable region". Genomics. 17 (2): 416–22. doi:10.1006/geno.1993.1341. PMID 7691717
Bile_salt-dependent_lipase
Genus of bacteria
"Identification of the Bartonella autotransporter CFA as a protective antigen and hypervariable target of neutralizing antibodies in mice". Proceedings of the National
Bartonella
Subgroup of a haplogroup in genetics
of a series of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers in the hypervariable regions and the coding region of mitochondrial DNA. They are named with
Subclade
Modification of the polymerase chain reaction
Thorsten (2023-11-16). "Simultaneous analysis of seven <scp>16S rRNA</scp> hypervariable gene regions increases efficiency in marine bacterial diversity detection"
Reverse complement polymerase chain reaction
Reverse_complement_polymerase_chain_reaction
British geneticist
; Clarkson, R. E.; Wong, Z.; Jeffreys, A. J. (1988). "Clustering of hypervariable minisatellites in the proterminal regions of human autosomes". Genomics
Nicola_Royle
Community of microorganisms
slowly evolving regions and 9 fast evolving regions, also known as hypervariable regions (HVRs); the former can be used to design broad primers while
Microbiota
Spanish). 130 (8). doi:10.4067/S0034-98872002000800006. "Frequency of the hypervariable DNA loci D18S849, D3S1744, D12S1090 and D1S80 in a mixed ancestry population
Demographics of the Southern Cone
Demographics_of_the_Southern_Cone
Observation in evolutionary biology
saturation occurs most rapidly on fast-evolving sequences, such as the hypervariable region of mitochondrial DNA, or in short tandem repeats such as on the
Genetic_saturation
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
"Differential localization of Rho GTPases in live cells: regulation by hypervariable regions and RhoGDI binding". J. Cell Biol. 152 (1): 111–26. doi:10.1083/jcb
RHOQ
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
of a region in G protein gamma subunits conserved across species but hypervariable among subunit isoforms". Protein Science. 10 (12): 2548–2555. doi:10
GNGT2
Patterns of nucleic acids that occur in multiple copies throughout the genome
"Meiotic recombination hotspots: shaping the genome and insights into hypervariable minisatellite DNA change". Current Topics in Developmental Biology.
Repeated_sequence_(DNA)
Human infectious disease
substitutions per site per year. The mutation rate varied with position : the hypervariable region evolved faster (4.55×10−3 substitutions per site per year) than
Hepatitis_D
travel, tourism, insurance
HYPERVARIABLE
HYPERVARIABLE
HYPERVARIABLE
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HYPERVARIABLE
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HYPERVARIABLE
HYPERVARIABLE
HYPERVARIABLE
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