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Species of virus
hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small (55–65 nm in size), enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Hepacivirus. The hepatitis C
Hepatitis_C_virus
Human viral infection
Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) that primarily affects the liver; it is a type of viral hepatitis. During the
Hepatitis_C
Liver inflammation from a viral infection
most common causes of viral hepatitis are the five unrelated hepatotropic viruses hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Other viruses can also cause liver inflammation
Viral_hepatitis
Inflammation of the liver
liver failure, and liver cancer. Hepatitis is most commonly caused by the virus hepatovirus A, B, C, D, and E. Other viruses can also cause liver inflammation
Hepatitis
Species of virus
Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the causative agent of hepatitis E. Globally, approximately 939 million corresponding to 1 in 8 individuals have ever experienced
Hepatitis_E_virus
Human infectious disease
Hepatitis D is a type of viral hepatitis caused by the hepatitis delta virus (HDV). HDV is one of five known hepatitis viruses: A, B, C, D, and E. HDV
Hepatitis_D
Species of the genus Orthohepadnavirus
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a partially double-stranded DNA virus, a species of the genus Orthohepadnavirus and a member of the Hepadnaviridae family of
Hepatitis_B_virus
Acute infectious disease of the liver
Hepatitis A is an infectious liver disease caused by Hepatitis A virus (HAV); it is a type of viral hepatitis. Many cases have few or no symptoms, especially
Hepatitis_A
Vaccine research
hepatitis C vaccine, a vaccine capable of protecting against the hepatitis C virus (HCV), is not yet available. Although vaccines exist for hepatitis
Hepatitis_C_vaccine
Human viral infection
Hepatitis B is an infectious disease caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) that affects the liver; it is a type of viral hepatitis. It can cause both acute
Hepatitis_B
Human disease caused by Orthohepevirus A
Hepatitis E is inflammation of the liver caused by infection with the hepatitis E virus (HEV); it is a type of viral hepatitis. Hepatitis E has mainly
Hepatitis_E
Species of virus
GB virus C (GBV-C), formerly known as hepatitis G virus (HGV) and also known as human pegivirus (HPgV), is a virus in the family Hepaciviridae in the
GB_virus_C
protein 2 (NS2) is a viral protein found in the hepatitis C virus. It is also produced by influenza viruses, and is alternatively known as the nuclear export
Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 2
Hepatitis_C_virus_nonstructural_protein_2
Subclass of viruses
diseases caused by RNA viruses include influenza, SARS, MERS, COVID-19, Dengue virus, hepatitis C, hepatitis E, West Nile fever, Ebola virus disease, rabies
RNA_virus
Viruses that can cause cancer
Tumor viruses come in a variety of forms: Viruses with a DNA genome, such as adenovirus, and viruses with an RNA genome, like the hepatitis C virus (HCV)
Oncovirus
Pathogens as a cause of cancer
effusion lymphoma; hepatitis B and hepatitis C viruses which are associated with hepatocellular carcinoma; and human T-cell leukemia virus-1 which is associated
Infectious_causes_of_cancer
The infectious disease hepatitis C is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), which affects the liver. During the initial infection, people often have mild
List of people with hepatitis C
List_of_people_with_hepatitis_C
Enzyme encoded by hepatitis C virus
NS2-3 protease (of hepatitis C virus, HCV) is an enzyme responsible for proteolytic cleavage between NS2 and NS3, which are non-structural proteins that
NS2-3_protease
Pharmaceutical compound
mechanisms of action. Cynaropicrin inhibits the entry of pan-genomic hepatitis C virus into cells and inhibits cell-cell transmission. Cynaropicrin also
Cynaropicrin
Class of pharmaceutical drugs
demonstrated that specific anti-hepatitis C virus agents such as NS5B inhibitors lead to improved efficacy and tolerability. Hepatitis C is one of the most significant
NS5B_inhibitor
Genus of viruses
Hepacivirus, is a genus of positive-strand RNA viruses in the family Hepaciviridae. The hepatitis C virus (HCV), in species Orthohepacivirus hominis, infects
Orthohepacivirus
Accidental puncture of skin causing contamination
disease-causing pathogens, such as the hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). In healthcare and laboratory
Needlestick_injury
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) co-infection is a multi-faceted, chronic condition that significantly impacts public health
Hepatitis C and HIV coinfection
Hepatitis_C_and_HIV_coinfection
Medical condition
by hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus, heavy alcohol consumption, and obesity. Viral infection by the hepatitis B virus, or hepatitis C virus, causes
Liver_disease
Viral protein
Nonstructural protein 5B (NS5B) is a viral protein found in the hepatitis C virus (HCV). It is an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, having the key function
Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5B
Hepatitis_C_virus_nonstructural_protein_5B
Systemic necrotizing inflammation of medium-sized muscular arteries
vasculitis. PAN is sometimes associated with infection by the hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus. The condition may be present in infants. PAN is a rare disease
Polyarteritis_nodosa
Immortalised cell line
1982. It is used extensively in hepatitis C and dengue virus research. Huh7 cells have been instrumental in hepatitis C research. Until 2005, it was not
Huh7
American physician
immunologist, known for his research on virus-host interactions and disease pathogenesis during hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections. Chisari earned a bachelor's
Francis_V._Chisari
American virologist
virologist and Nobel Prize laureate whose main area of research is the hepatitis C virus. He is a professor of virology at the Rockefeller University and an
Charles_M._Rice
Drug discovery
attention when they emerged as a part of the first curative treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections in 2014. Favorable characteristics have been introduced
Discovery and development of NS5A inhibitors
Discovery_and_development_of_NS5A_inhibitors
hepatitis C virus. The other subunit is E2. This protein is a type 1 transmembrane protein with a highly glycosylated N-terminal ectodomain and a C-terminal
Hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein E1
Hepatitis_C_virus_envelope_glycoprotein_E1
Vaccine to prevent hepatitis A
half of adults. Most hepatitis A vaccines contain inactivated virus while a few contain weakened virus. The ones with weakened virus are not recommended
Hepatitis_A_vaccine
single-stranded RNA viruses (for example Picornavirus, Flavivirus, Coronavirus, Togaviruses, Hepatitis C virus) and double-stranded RNA viruses (for example
Cis-acting replication element
Cis-acting_replication_element
Viral protein
Nonstructural protein 4A (NS4A) is a viral protein found in the hepatitis C virus. It acts as a cofactor for the enzyme NS3. Beld M, Penning M, van Putten
Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 4A
Hepatitis_C_virus_nonstructural_protein_4A
Hypothetical virus
Hepatitis F is a hypothetical virus linked to viral hepatitis. Several hepatitis F candidates emerged in the 1990s; however, none of these claims were
Hepatitis_F_virus
American medical researcher
who is best known for his work that led to the discovery of the hepatitis C virus. Alter is the former chief of the infectious disease section and the
Harvey_J._Alter
Catanese MT, de Jong YP, Jacobson IM, Rice CM, Darnell RB (March 2015). "Hepatitis C virus RNA functionally sequesters miR-122". Cell. 160 (6): 1099–110. doi:10
Competing_endogenous_RNA
British virologist (born 1949)
he co-discovered hepatitis C in 1989. He also co-discovered the hepatitis D genome in 1986. The discovery of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) led to the rapid
Michael_Houghton
Chemical compound
combination with other medications for the treatment of hepatitis C. It is specifically used for hepatitis C genotype 1 and 4. Medications it is used with include
Simeprevir
Antiviral medication
medication used to treat illness caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections, as well as some viral hemorrhagic fevers
Ribavirin
Class of viruses in the Baltimore classification
Positive-sense RNA viruses include pathogens such as the Hepatitis C virus, West Nile virus, dengue virus, and the MERS, SARS, and SARS-CoV-2 coronaviruses,
Positive-strand_RNA_virus
Surgical procedure to deliver a baby
There is no evidence that ECS can reduce mother-to-child hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus transmission. Caesarean delivery on maternal request (CDMR)
Caesarean_section
Case in which having two different versions of a gene provides an advantage
Hraber P, Kuiken C, Yusim K (December 2007). "Evidence for human leukocyte antigen heterozygote advantage against hepatitis C virus infection". Hepatology
Heterozygote_advantage
J. Virol. 72: 4729–4736. PMID 9573237. Frick, D.N. (2007). "The hepatitis C virus NS3 protein: a model RNA helicase and potential drug target". Curr
RNA_helicase
Animal or plant disease resulting from a viral infection
Reoviridae. The Hepatitis D virus has not yet been assigned to a family, but is clearly distinct from the other families infecting humans. Viruses known to infect
Viral_disease
E2 is a viral structural protein found in the hepatitis C virus. It is present on the viral envelope and functions as a host receptor binding protein
Hepatitis C virus envelope glycoprotein E2
Hepatitis_C_virus_envelope_glycoprotein_E2
Hepatitis C virus protein
proline-rich hydrophilic phosphoprotein that plays a key role in Hepatitis C virus RNA replication. It appears to be a dimeric form without trans-membrane
Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 5A
Hepatitis_C_virus_nonstructural_protein_5A
that is the 70 kDa cleavage product of the hepatitis C virus polyprotein. It acts as a serine protease. The C-terminal two-thirds of the protein also acts
Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 3
Hepatitis_C_virus_nonstructural_protein_3
Chemical compound
treatment of hepatitis C virus. For people who have experienced treatment failure with some form of combination therapy for hepatitis C infection, one
Sofosbuvir
Two drug combination for the treatment of hepatitis C
fixed-dose combination for the treatment of hepatitis C, containing elbasvir (an inhibitor of hepatitis C virus's NS5A protein) and grazoprevir (an NS3/4A
Elbasvir/grazoprevir
Medical specialty
carriers. Up to 80% of liver cancers can be attributed to either hepatitis B or hepatitis C virus. In terms of mortality, the former is second only to smoking
Hepatology
extensively to study HIV, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus, among other infections Nowak, Martin; May, Robert (2001). Virus Dynamics: mathematical
Viral_dynamics
RNA element
C alternative reading frame stem-loop Hepatitis C stem-loop IV Hepatitis C virus stem-loop VII Hepatitis C virus (HCV) cis-acting replication element (CRE)
Hepatitis_C_virus_3'X_element
Vaccine against hepatitis B
most people. In those who have been exposed to the hepatitis B virus but not immunized, hepatitis B immune globulin should be given in addition to the
Hepatitis_B_vaccine
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes refer to the genetic variations that occurs in the hepatitis C virus. Hepatitis C is a contagious disease that primarily
HCV_genotypes
Pharmaceutical drug
sofosbuvir/velpatasvir was approved for use in the United States to treat hepatitis C virus (HCV) in children ages six years and older or weighing at least 37
Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir
Medication used to treat a viral infection
designed to help deal with HIV, herpes viruses, the hepatitis B and C viruses, and influenza A and B viruses. Viruses use the host's cells to replicate and
Antiviral_drug
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
variants within or near this gene have been linked to clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and other phenotypes. The first three interferon lambda
Interferon_lambda_4
RNA family
The Hepatitis C virus internal ribosome entry site, or HCV IRES, is an RNA structure within the 5'UTR of the HCV genome that mediates cap-independent
Hepatitis C virus internal ribosome entry site
Hepatitis_C_virus_internal_ribosome_entry_site
Type of cancer of lymph nodes
autoimmune diseases, Helicobacter pylori infection, hepatitis C, obesity, and Epstein–Barr virus infection. The World Health Organization classifies lymphomas
Non-Hodgkin_lymphoma
Signaling proteins released by host cells in response to the presence of pathogens
that will prevent the virus from producing and replicating its RNA and DNA. Overall, IFN-α can be used to treat hepatitis B and C infections, while IFN-β
Interferon
RNA family
miR-122 also plays an important positive role in the regulation of hepatitis C virus replication. miR-122 was originally identified by cloning of tissue-specific
MiR-122
American virologist
known for his work on hepatitis viruses, and was involved in identifying hepatitis A virus, hepatitis D virus, and hepatitis E virus, developing an animal
Robert_Purcell_(virologist)
Chilean biochemist
his genetic studies of hepatitis viruses; participated as a research and development director in the discovery of hepatitis C virus and the invention of
Pablo_DT_Valenzuela
Group of lymphomas
deficiency, or hepatitis C virus infection (e.g. clinical hepatitis, circulating hepatitis C virus). The association of hepatitis C virus infection with
Marginal_zone_lymphoma
Viral proteins that modify cellular membranes
common in RNA viruses. Many viruses that cause human disease express viroporins. These viruses include hepatitis C virus, HIV-1, influenza A virus, poliovirus
Viroporin
and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and the probable existence of an infection-associated autoimmune form of anti-LKM-1-associated hepatitis, requiring
Liver kidney microsomal type 1 antibody
Liver_kidney_microsomal_type_1_antibody
Michael J. Sofia is a chemist whose main research focus is hepatitis C virus and hepatitis B virus drug discovery. He was a co-recipient of the Lasker-DeBakey
Michael_J._Sofia
Infectious agent that replicates in cells
host. Viruses accepted to cause human cancers include some genotypes of human papillomavirus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, Epstein–Barr virus, Kaposi's
Virus
NS5A inhibitor antiviral agent
treatment of hepatitis C. It is sold by Abbvie.[citation needed] ibrentasvir is a pangenotypic direct-acting antiviral that targets the hepatitis C virus (HCV)
Pibrentasvir
Proteins that bind lipids to transport them in body fluids
of lipoproteins. Apolipoproteins are also exploited by hepatitis C virus (HCV) to enable virus entry, assembly, and transmission. They play a role in
Apolipoprotein
Broad-spectrum antiparasitic and antiviral medication
tizoxanide and other thiazolides are potent inhibitors of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus replication". Antiviral Research. 77 (1): 56–63. doi:10
Nitazoxanide
Canadian-born immunologist and virologist (1970 – 2024)
vaccine design and the sequence evolution and diversity of HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Towards the end of his career, his work was focused on developing
Todd_M._Allen
Drug approved for the treatment of hepatitis C
either with or without ribavirin. Grazoprevir is a second generation hepatitis C virus protease inhibitor acting at the NS3/4A protease targets. It has good
Grazoprevir
for viral agents like human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV), Hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) and are permanently prohibited from donating
National Donor Deferral Registry
National_Donor_Deferral_Registry
Mammalian protein found in humans
Granier C, Goujon C, Dubuisson J, Pascale S, Scarselli E, Cortese R, Nicosia A, Cosset FL (October 2003). "Cell entry of hepatitis C virus requires a
CD81
in the hepatitis C virus. With a mass of 27 kDa, it is likely involved in the formation of intracellular membrane structures that enable virus replication
Hepatitis C virus nonstructural protein 4B
Hepatitis_C_virus_nonstructural_protein_4B
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
main pathway of apoptosis in cells. Certain viruses, such as human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) and hepatitis C (HCV), have adapted to suppress the function
Mitochondrial antiviral-signaling protein
Mitochondrial_antiviral-signaling_protein
Protein-coding gene in humans
viruses. VAP proteins binds with non-structural proteins of the hepatitis C virus NS5A and NS5B allowing the RNA replication machinery of the virus to
VAPA
Medical focused tourism in Moldova
key fields of the medical tourism in Moldova are stomatology, the hepatitis C virus treatment, ophthalmology, plastic surgery and family planning. In
Medical tourism in the Republic of Moldova
Medical_tourism_in_the_Republic_of_Moldova
Hepacivirin (EC 3.4.21.98, Cpro-2, hepatitis C virus NS3 serine proteinase, NS3-4A serine proteinase complex) is an enzyme. This enzyme catalyses the
Hepacivirin
Combination drug
aged 12 years and older or weighing at least 99 pounds with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes 1–6 and both without cirrhosis and with compensated
Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir
Organisation of viruses into a taxonomic system
poliovirus, and foot-and-mouth virus), SARS virus, hepatitis C virus, yellow fever virus, and rubella virus. Group V: viruses possess negative-sense single-stranded
Virus_classification
American physician
concentrating in particular on complex RNA viruses such as hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). He has published approximately 100
Stuart_C._Ray
Chemical compound
Glecaprevir (INN,) is a hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural (NS) protein 3/4A protease inhibitor that was identified jointly by AbbVie and Enanta Pharmaceuticals
Glecaprevir
Protease inhibitor
Voxilaprevir is a hepatitis C virus (HCV) nonstructural (NS) protein 3/4A protease inhibitor (by Gilead) that is used in combination with sofosbuvir and
Voxilaprevir
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
Martin MP, Qi Y, Ge D, O'Huigin C, et al. (2009). "Genetic variation in IL28B and spontaneous clearance of hepatitis C virus". Nature. 461 (7265): 798–801
Interferon_lambda_3
with chronic hepatitis C in 1990 was 39,552, while in 1995 it was 53,862. The mortality rate caused by the hepatitis C virus and virus-induced cirrhosis
Hepatitis C treatment in Moldova
Hepatitis_C_treatment_in_Moldova
Chemical compound
Lin C, Kwong AD, Perni RB (March 2006). "Discovery and development of VX-950, a novel, covalent, and reversible inhibitor of hepatitis C virus NS3.4A
Telaprevir
Medication used to treat hepatitis C
treat hepatitis C. It is a fixed-dose combination of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir. Cure rates are 94% to 99% in people infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV)
Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir
Epidemiology of American prisons
positive highest among white males and Latina women. Limited testing for hepatitis C virus (HCV) in three North Carolina jails have shown a prevalence rate of
Infectious diseases within American prisons
Infectious_diseases_within_American_prisons
American virologist (born 1941)
and George Kuo at Chiron Corporation, worked to help isolate the hepatitis C virus in 1989. Bradley graduated from San José State University in 1964
Daniel_W._Bradley
Biopharmaceutical company founded in Denmark
hepatitis C virus in host liver cells; because miravirsen targets a host factor rather than the virus itself, there are no indications of the virus developing
Santaris_Pharma
Experimental medication
Phase III clinical trials in 2013. Asunaprevir is an inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus enzyme serine protease NS3. Asunaprevir is being tested in combination
Asunaprevir
Chemical compound
candidate that as of 2009 was in development for possible use in treating hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. L-Lysine undergoes a transamination to form α-aminoadipic
Castanospermine
Combination drug
fixed-dose combination medication for the treatment of hepatitis C. It contains sofosbuvir, a hepatitis C virus (HCV) nucleotide analog NS5B polymerase inhibitor;
Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir
Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir
Indian-American phyisican
Arora, Sanjeev; Thornton, Karla (July 21, 2020). "Novel Models of Hepatitis C Virus Care Delivery: Telemedicine, Project ECHO, and Integrative Care".
Sanjeev_Arora_(physician)
Amount of virus found in host tissue
routine testing is available for HIV-1, cytomegalovirus, hepatitis B virus, and hepatitis C virus. Viral load monitoring for HIV is of particular interest
Viral_load
hepatitis B virus that does not produce hepatitis B virus e antigen (HBeAg). These mutants are important because infections caused by these viruses are
Hepatitis B virus precore mutant
Hepatitis_B_virus_precore_mutant
RNA family
Hepatitis C virus stem-loop VII is a regulatory element found in the coding region of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene, NS5B. Similarly to stem-loop
Hepatitis C virus stem-loop VII
Hepatitis_C_virus_stem-loop_VII
HEPATITIS C-VIRUS
HEPATITIS C-VIRUS
HEPATITIS C-VIRUS
HEPATITIS C-VIRUS
HEPATITIS C-VIRUS
HEPATITIS C-VIRUS
HEPATITIS C-VIRUS
HEPATITIS C-VIRUS
HEPATITIS C-VIRUS