AI & ChatGPT searches , social queries for ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
Search references for ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B. Phrases containing ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
See searches and references containing ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B!
Search references for ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B. Phrases containing ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
See searches and references containing ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B!ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
Enterotoxin produced by the bacteria Staphylococcus aureus
the field of molecular biology, enterotoxin type B, also known as Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), is an enterotoxin produced by the gram-positive bacteria
Enterotoxin_type_B
Toxin from a microorganism affecting the intestines
An enterotoxin is a protein exotoxin released by a microorganism that targets the intestines. They can be chromosomally or plasmid encoded. They are heat
Enterotoxin
Soviet pathogen weaponization from 1920s to 1990s
cluster munitions or spray tank. Toxins including botulinum, and enterotoxin type B, which cause botulism and food poisoning respectively, were also investigated
Soviet biological weapons program
Soviet_biological_weapons_program
1943–1973 military research program
encephalitis virus, Botulinum toxin (botulism), and Staphylococcal enterotoxin B. The U.S. also pursued basic research on many more bio-agents. Throughout
United States biological weapons program
United_States_biological_weapons_program
Species of Gram-positive bacterium
staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) which have been identified to date and named alphabetically (SEA–SEZ), including enterotoxin type B as well as the toxic
Staphylococcus_aureus
Neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum
seven main types of botulinum toxin are named types A to G (A, B, C1, C2, D, E, F and G). New types are occasionally found. Types A and B are capable
Botulinum_toxin
Species of bacterium
CPE (Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin) cpe gene. Not all Clostridium perfringens types have the cpe gene, but all types could include this gene. The
Clostridium_perfringens
Toxin from bacteria that destroys or disrupts cells
harm to the host. Toxins of this type include cholera toxin, pertussis toxin, Shiga toxin and heat-labile enterotoxin from E. coli. Once in the cell, many
Exotoxin
Fort in New York state
part of the Coast Defenses of Long Island Sound. The Army's forts of this type were garrisoned by the Coast Artillery Corps. By 1914 the fort had 11 gun
Fort_Terry
Family of toxic protein complexes
In molecular biology, the heat-labile enterotoxin family includes Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (Elt or LT) and cholera toxin (Ctx) secreted
Heat-labile enterotoxin family
Heat-labile_enterotoxin_family
1962–1973 US biological and chemical weapon test project
Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli, Bacillus globii, staphylococcal enterotoxin Type B, Puccinia graminis var. tritici (stem rust of wheat). Agents and simulants
Project_112
Government effort to counter biological threats
order, scientists at Fort Detrick worked on one toxin, Staphylococcus enterotoxin type B (SEB), for several more months. Nixon ended the debate when he added
United States biological defense program
United_States_biological_defense_program
cluster munitions or spray tank. Toxins including botulinum, and enterotoxin type B, which cause botulism and food poisoning respectively, were also investigated
Soviet Union and weapons of mass destruction
Soviet_Union_and_weapons_of_mass_destruction
1969 speech by U.S. President Richard Nixon
the November order, the Army continued working on staphylococcus enterotoxin type B (SEB). On February 20, 1970, Nixon added toxins, regardless of their
Statement on Chemical and Biological Defense Policies and Programs
Statement_on_Chemical_and_Biological_Defense_Policies_and_Programs
Bacteria-produced protein complex and disease agent
heat-labile enterotoxin family, and exists as an AB5 multimeric toxin with one enzymatically-active A subunit and five receptor-binding B subunits that
Cholera_toxin
Class of compounds
tract, aiding the bacteria in adherence to the mucosa. STb is an enterotoxin type B that is heat stable; additionally, it is secreted by the enterotoxigenic
Sulfatide
Family of related toxins
hemolytic-uremic syndrome. In contrast, Shigella species may also produce shigella enterotoxins, which are the cause of dysentery. The toxin is effective against small
Shiga_toxin
Cytotoxin produced by Clostridioides difficile
C. difficile, the other being a related enterotoxin (Toxin A). Both are very potent and lethal. Toxin B (TcdB) is a cytotoxin that has a molecular weight
Clostridioides difficile toxin B
Clostridioides_difficile_toxin_B
Medical condition
There are several types of CF antigens; the same is true of CS. ETEC send toxins into target cells after successful attachment. Enterotoxins produced by ETEC
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
Enterotoxigenic_Escherichia_coli
Class of bacterial toxins
Heat-stable enterotoxins (STs) are secretory peptides produced by some bacterial strains, such as enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli which are in general
Heat-stable_enterotoxin
Genus of Gram-positive bacteria
clusters, has an appropriate cell wall structure (including peptidoglycan type and teichoic acid presence) and G + C content of DNA in a range of 30–40 mol%
Staphylococcus
Antigen which strongly activates the immune system
1998). "Crystal structure of microbial superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B at 1.5 A resolution: implications for superantigen recognition by MHC
Superantigen
Species of endospore forming bacterium
Botulinum toxin types A, B, E, F and H (FA) cause disease in humans. Types A, B, and E are associated with food-borne illness, while type E is specifically
Clostridium_botulinum
Class of molecules found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria
CD14/TLR4/MD2 receptor complex in many cell types, but especially in monocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells, which promotes the secretion of pro-inflammatory
Lipopolysaccharide
Family of amphibians
coloration. This is surprising given the frequency-dependent nature of this type of defense mechanism. Adult frogs lay their eggs in moist places, including
Poison_dart_frog
Foodborne illness
Rico, natives drink a tea made from mangrove buttons, purportedly high in B vitamins, to flush the toxic symptoms from the system.[citation needed] There
Ciguatera_fish_poisoning
Poisoning of heart electrophysiology or muscle
Clostridium: tetani Tetanospasmin Tetanolysin perfringens Alpha toxin Enterotoxin difficile A B botulinum Botox Other: Anthrax toxin Listeriolysin O Cocci Streptolysin
Cardiotoxicity
Species of bacterium
emetic (vomiting) syndrome. The enterotoxins produced by B. cereus have beta-hemolytic activity. The diarrheal type is associated with a wide range of
Bacillus_cereus
Highly modified saliva containing zootoxins
binds fat and ruptures cell membranes. Phospholipase A2 is one specific type of phospholipases found in snake venom. Snake example: Okinawan habu (Trimeresurus
Snake_venom
Protein family
Clostridium enterotoxins are toxins produced by Clostridium species. Clostridial species are one of the major causes of food poisoning/gastrointestinal
Clostridium_enterotoxin
Cytotoxin produced by Clostridioides difficile
With a molecular mass of 308 kDa, it is usually described as a potent enterotoxin, but it also has some activity as a cytotoxin. The toxin acts by modifying
Clostridioides difficile toxin A
Clostridioides_difficile_toxin_A
Protein family
pore-forming AB toxin found in the eggs of a snail. They can be classified as Type III toxins because they interfere with internal cell function. They are named
AB_toxin
Toxin produced by a fungus
its susceptibility, metabolism, and defense mechanisms. Aflatoxins are a type of mycotoxin produced by Aspergillus species of fungi, such as A. flavus
Mycotoxin
Topics referred to by the same term
Single-event induced burnout, a type of radiation damage South Equatorial Belt, a belt of atmosphere of Jupiter Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Sabha Airport, Sabha
Seb
Medical condition
usually caused by eating or drinking substances contaminated with staph enterotoxin. The toxin, not the bacterium, settles in the small intestine and causes
Staphylococcal_enteritis
Genes on human chromosome 6
are some of the most frequently typed by serology and PCR. It has been shown that high resolution HLA typing (HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQB1 and
Human_leukocyte_antigen
Toxin produced by microorganisms
toxins include enterotoxin, neurotoxin, leukocidin or hemolysin which indicate where in the host's body the toxin targets. Enterotoxins target the intestines
Microbial_toxin
Extremely potent neurotoxin
two parts: a 100 kDa heavy or B-chain and a 50 kDa light or A-chain. The chains are connected by a disulfide bond. The B-chain binds to disialogangliosides
Tetanus_toxin
Species of bacterium
ISSN 0020-7713. Sulakvelidze, Alexander; et al. (1999). "Production of enterotoxin by Yersinia bercovieri, a recently identified Yersinia enterocolitica-like
Yersinia_bercovieri
Protein-produced toxins that create pores in cell membrane
Some β-PFTs such as clostridial ε-toxin and Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) bind to the cell membrane via specific receptors – possibly certain
Pore-forming_toxin
cholera toxin operon ctxAB, the discovery that the Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A (entA) is a phage-encoded protein, and finally, the demonstration of
John_Mekalanos
Naturally occurring organic poison
frog can also be used for medicinal purposes Some of the more well known types of biotoxins include: Cyanotoxins, produced by cyanobacteria Dinotoxins
Toxin
Large family of chemically related mycotoxins
(July 2004). "Other biologic toxin bioweapons: ricin, staphylococcal enterotoxin B, and trichothecene mycotoxins". Dermatologic Clinics. 22 (3): 257–62
Trichothecene
Group of poisons produced by molds
and grains undergoing microbiological deterioration, but it invades all types of organic substrates whenever conditions are favorable for its growth.
Aflatoxin
Chemical compound
2007-05-05 at the Wayback Machine A mycotoxin with punch! Croft, W. A.; Jarvis, B. B.; Yatawara, C. S. (1986). "Airborne outbreak of trichothecene toxicosis"
Satratoxin-H
Toxin harmful to nervous tissue
many cases, the toxins released by the different types of cone snails include a range of different types of conotoxins, which may be specific for different
Neurotoxin
Family of toxins
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) Actinomycetota Cord factor Diphtheria toxin Gram negative Shiga toxin/Verotoxin E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin Cholera toxin/Heat-labile
Amatoxin
Vitamin used in animal cell metabolism
Bisping B (May 1994). "Vitamin B12 production by Citrobacter freundii or Klebsiella pneumoniae during tempeh fermentation and proof of enterotoxin absence
Vitamin_B12
Non-lethal chemical or biological weapon
Coxiella burnetii, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus, Staphylococcal enterotoxin B). The use of chemicals to induce altered states of mind in an adversary
Incapacitating_agent
U.S. military chemical and biological symbols
- ricin toxin WA - ricin toxin UC - staphylococcal enterotoxin B PG - staphylococcal enterotoxin B TZ - saxitoxin SS - saxitoxin PP - tetrodotoxin MR
CB_military_symbol
Neurotoxin
The use of this toxin as a biochemical probe has elucidated two distinct types of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) present in mammals: tetrodotoxin-sensitive
Tetrodotoxin
Group of neurotoxins
failing to evolve and adapt will lead to extinction (Red Queen hypothesis). Types of conotoxins also differ in the number and pattern of disulfide bonds.
Conotoxin
Protein family
family is also known as Ct or Ctx, and also includes the heat-labile enterotoxin, known as LT. Cholera toxin's discovery is credited by many to Dr. Sambhu
AB5_toxin
Species of bacterium
food poisoning It produces an emetic toxin, enterotoxins, and other virulence factors. The enterotoxins and virulence factors are encoded on the chromosome
Bacillus_anthracis
using nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Lq2 interacts with all three types of potassium channels: the voltage-activated, the Ca2+- activated and the
Lq2
Type of lectin
type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP)[N.B]. Whereas type 1 RIPs are composed of a single protein chain that possesses catalytic activity, type 2
Ricin
Group of chemical compounds
around 200 to 300 ng/kg. Ciguatoxin is produced by Gambierdiscus toxicus, a type of dinoflagellate. The phenomenon occurs in the Caribbean Sea, Hawaii, and
Ciguatoxin
Group of chemical compounds
of Fusarium trichothecene (T-2-type) mycotoxins, and from the Fusarium estrogenic metabolite, zearalenone, an F-2-type mycotoxin. In 2015, a unique supposed
Fumonisin
Superantigen
1999). "Interaction of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 and enterotoxin A on T cell proliferation and TNFα secretion in human blood mononuclear
Toxic_shock_syndrome_toxin-1
Insecticide
channel. B. thuringiensis encodes many proteins of the delta endotoxin family (InterPro: IPR038979), with some strains encoding multiple types simultaneously
Delta_endotoxins
Chemical compound
Lolitrem B is one of many toxins produced by a fungus called Epichloë festucae var. lolii), which grows in Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass). The fungus
Lolitrem_B
Species of bacterium
organisms by standard biochemical tests. P. shigelloides produces a cytoxic-enterotoxin (LCE) which induces rapid death in mice. LCE is the first virulence factor
Plesiomonas_shigelloides
Crystal protein
sporulation, which is dependent on the bacterial strain in numbers and types 5,19, and 43. Bt bacterium spores are toxic if they are ingested by the
Cry1Ac
Exotoxin produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa
of diphtheria toxin. It has been investigated as a treatment for hepatitis B and cancer. Yates SP, Taylor PL, Jørgensen R, Ferraris D, Zhang J, Andersen
Pseudomonas_exotoxin
Group of chemical compounds
most prevalent and relevant fungal toxin of this group, while ochratoxins B and C are of lesser importance. Ochratoxin A is known to occur in commodities
Ochratoxin
Pore-forming toxin produced by the bacteria Staphylococcus
A leukocidin is a type of cytotoxin created by some types of bacteria (Staphylococcus). It is a type of pore-forming toxin. Leukocidins fall into the category
Leukocidin
Specific genus of RNA viruses
either of these factors. NSP4 is a viral enterotoxin that induces diarrhoea and was the first viral enterotoxin discovered. It is a viroporin that elevates
Rotavirus
Species of bacterium
addition, 31.3% of the strains were found to produce at least one type of enterotoxin. S. haemolyticus can be identified on the species level using a variety
Staphylococcus_haemolyticus
Lipid component of lipopolysaccharide endotoxins of gram-negative bacteria
Marc; Lynn, Melvyn; Rossignol, Daniel P.; Gogate, Jagadish; Roberts, Mary B.; Wheeler, Janice L.; Vincent, Jean-Louis; Access Study Group, for the (2013)
Lipid_A
Group of spider neurotoxins
Oxyopes, hence the name oxytoxin. They are disulfide-rich peptides. Only two types are so far reported from two different species, the larger oxytoxin 1 (OxyTx1)
Oxotoxin
Paralytic shellfish toxin
Bittencourt-Oliveira Mdo MD, Gouvêa-Barros S, Hiller S, Erler K, Luckas B, Pinto E, Kujbida P (2009). "Saxitoxins accumulation by freshwater tilapia
Saxitoxin
Chemical compound
(10): 1357–1360. doi:10.1001/archderm.137.10.1357. PMID 11594862. Bertaux B, Prost C, Heslan M, Dubertret L (February 1988). "Cantharide acantholysis:
Cantharidin
Neurotoxin
Calciseptine specifically blocks L-type calcium channels, but not other voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels such as N-type and T-type channels. The black mamba (Dendroaspis
Calciseptine
Group of chemical compounds
Clostridium: tetani Tetanospasmin Tetanolysin perfringens Alpha toxin Enterotoxin difficile A B botulinum Botox Other: Anthrax toxin Listeriolysin O Cocci Streptolysin
Phallotoxin
Species of bacteria used as an insecticide
known to carry the same genes that produce enterotoxins in B. cereus, and so it is possible that the entire B. cereus sensu lato group may have the potential
Bacillus_thuringiensis
Group of toxins
Pertussis toxin (PT) is a protein-based AB5-type exotoxin produced by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, which causes whooping cough. PT is involved in
Pertussis_toxin
Medical condition
adherence of the bacteria to the intestinal mucosa, where they elaborate enterotoxins and cytotoxins that damage host cells and induce inflammation that results
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli
Enteroaggregative_Escherichia_coli
Protein family
a negative potential. Srinivasan KN, Sivaraja V, Huys I, Sasaki T, Cheng B, Kumar TK, et al. (August 2002). "kappa-Hefutoxin1, a novel toxin from the
Hefutoxin
Toxic chemical from some poison dart frogs
receptors that control pain perception and having a low affinity for muscle-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) reducing its paralysis effect.
Epibatidine
Type of molecules produced by a pathogen that might cause potential harmful effects
hyaluronidase, protease, coagulase, lipases, deoxyribonucleases and enterotoxins. Examples for Streptococcus pyogenes are M protein, lipoteichoic acid
Virulence_factor
Chemical compound
ISSN 1943-8141. PMC 5340665. PMID 28337258. Reddy, K. R. N.; Salleh, B.; Saad, B.; Abbas, H. K.; Abel, C. A.; Shier, W. T. (2010-03-01). "An overview
3-Nitropropionic_acid
Group of chemical compounds
PMID 23088730. Oberthür W, Muhn P, Baumann H, Lottspeich F, Wittmann-Liebold B, Hucho F (August 1986). "The reaction site of a non-competitive antagonist
Histrionicotoxins
Toxins that destroy red blood cells
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) Actinomycetota Cord factor Diphtheria toxin Gram negative Shiga toxin/Verotoxin E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin Cholera toxin/Heat-labile
Hemotoxin
Cyclic peptide part of a group of toxins present in Amanita mushrooms
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) Actinomycetota Cord factor Diphtheria toxin Gram negative Shiga toxin/Verotoxin E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin Cholera toxin/Heat-labile
Β-Amanitin
Class of chemical compounds
York: Van Nostrand Reinhold. ISBN 978-0-442-24580-1.[page needed] Kißmer, B.; Wichtl, M. (1986). "Bufadienolide aus Samen von Helleborus odorus" [Bufadienolides
Bufotoxin
Chemical compound
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) Actinomycetota Cord factor Diphtheria toxin Gram negative Shiga toxin/Verotoxin E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin Cholera toxin/Heat-labile
Orellanine
Illness from eating spoiled or contaminated food
enterotoxins (most commonly staphylococcal enterotoxin A but also including staphylococcal enterotoxin B) are the most commonly reported enterotoxins
Foodborne_illness
in the venom of the wandering spider Cupiennius salei. There are twenty types so far described for this protein group. However, some are reclassified
CSTX
Neurotoxic phospholipase
three subunits of α, β and γ monomers in a 1:1:1 ratio, also called the A, B and C homologous subunits. These subunits are equally distributed across the
Taipoxin
Snake toxin
Taicatoxin (TCX) is a snake toxin that blocks voltage-dependent L-type calcium channels and small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels. The name taicatoxin
Taicatoxin
Chemical compound
the elapid Taiwanese banded krait snake (Bungarus multicinctus). It is a type of α-neurotoxin, a neurotoxic protein that is known to bind competitively
Α-Bungarotoxin
Chemical compound
hexanoate by the FAS, which then becomes the starter unit for the iterative type I PKS. The PKS adds seven malonyl-CoA extenders to the hexanoate to form
Aflatoxin_B1
Terrorism involving biological agents
beans) Abrin toxin from Abrus precatorius (Rosary peas) Staphylococcal enterotoxin B Typhus (Rickettsia prowazekii) Viral encephalitis (alphaviruses, for
Bioterrorism
Chemical compound
DNA-dependent RNA polymerases. 11. Mechanism of the inhibition of RNA polymerases B by amatoxins". Biochim Biophys Acta. 353 (2): 160–184. doi:10.1016/0005-2787(74)90182-8
Amaninamide
Chemical compound
Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) Actinomycetota Cord factor Diphtheria toxin Gram negative Shiga toxin/Verotoxin E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin Cholera toxin/Heat-labile
Bufagin
Scorpion toxin
Ca2+– activated K+ channels at 10−13–10−11 M concentrations in various cell types. This toxin shows similarity in its physiological activity and binding specificity
Scyllatoxin
Chemical compound
PMID 8345464. Gao Z, Herrera-Carrillo E, Berkhout B (September 2018). "RNA Polymerase II Activity of Type 3 Pol III Promoters". Molecular Therapy: Nucleic
Α-Amanitin
Serotype of cell surface receptors
Malchiodi EL, Mariuzza RA (2006). "Crystal structure of staphylococcal enterotoxin I (SEI) in complex with a human major histocompatibility complex class
HLA-DR1
Gill-bearing non-tetrapod aquatic vertebrates
vary by type of fish. The jawless fish have lymphoid tissue within the anterior kidney, and granulocytes in the gut. They have their own type of adaptive
Fish
Tripartite protein complex secreted by virulent strains of Bacillus anthracis
recognition and binding. This specificity of PA and the receptor CMG2 (similar to type I integrins) is due to interactions through a metal ion dependent adhesion
Anthrax_toxin
ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B
ENTEROTOXIN TYPE-B