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Naturally occurring organic poison
A toxin is a naturally occurring poison produced by metabolic activities of living cells or organisms. They occur especially as proteins, often conjugated
Toxin
Neurotoxin produced by Clostridium botulinum
Botulinum toxin, botulinum neurotoxin, or botox is a neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and related species, and it is
Botulinum_toxin
Marvel Comics character
Toxin is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. He has been depicted as a superhero and at times a supervillain
Toxin_(character)
Human and animal disease
Botulism is a rare and potentially fatal illness caused by botulinum toxin (commonly referred to as botox), which is produced by the bacterium Clostridium
Botulism
Japanese manga series by Joumyaku and Mizuki Yoda
that they licensed the series for English release under the name Marriage Toxin. These chapters have yet to be published in a tankōbon volume. Chapters
Marriagetoxin
Supervillain in the DC Universe
revived by writer Gardner Fox in Batman #189 (1967) which debuted his Fear Toxin. The character has since become one of Batman's most enduring enemies, belonging
Scarecrow_(DC_Comics)
Topics referred to by the same term
Alpha toxin or alpha-toxin refers to several different protein toxins produced by bacteria, including: Staphylococcus aureus alpha toxin, a membrane-disrupting
Alpha_toxin
Topics referred to by the same term
Look up Toxin or toxin in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. A toxin is a naturally occurring organic poison produced by the metabolic activities of living
Toxin_(disambiguation)
Species of endospore forming bacterium
produce the toxin. Botulinum toxin can cause botulism, a severe flaccid paralytic disease in humans and other animals. The botulinum toxin is the most
Clostridium_botulinum
Toxin harmful to nervous tissue
Neurotoxins are toxins that are destructive to nerve tissue (causing neurotoxicity). Neurotoxins are an extensive class of exogenous chemical neurological
Neurotoxin
Toxin produced by microorganisms
Microbial toxins are toxins produced by micro-organisms, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, dinoflagellates, and viruses. Many microbial toxins promote
Microbial_toxin
Thought experiment about intention and action
Kavka's toxin puzzle is a thought experiment about the possibility of forming an intention to perform an act which, following from reason, is an action
Kavka's_toxin_puzzle
Family of related toxins
Shiga toxins are a family of related toxins with two major groups, Stx1 and Stx2, expressed by genes considered to be part of the genome of lambdoid prophages
Shiga_toxin
Type of lectin
RY-sin) is a lectin (a carbohydrate-binding protein) and a highly potent toxin produced in the seeds of the castor plant, Ricinus communis. The median
Ricin
Exotoxin
Diphtheria toxin is an exotoxin secreted mainly by Corynebacterium diphtheriae (but also by Corynebacterium ulcerans and Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis)
Diphtheria_toxin
Protein family
The AB5 toxins are six-component protein complexes secreted by certain pathogenic bacteria known to cause human diseases such as cholera, dysentery, and
AB5_toxin
Species of bacterium
that occurs during gas gangrene. Gas gangrene is caused by alpha toxin, or α-toxin, that embeds itself into the plasma membrane of cells and disrupts
Clostridium_perfringens
Chemical compound
Penicillin Roquefort toxin (PR toxin) is a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Penicillium roqueforti. In 1973, PR toxin was first partially characterized
PR_toxin
Scorpion neurotoxin
Tityus bahiensis in whose venom the toxin is found. For all Tityus toxins, the number '1' refers to the fact that the toxin is gamma-like. Tb1 is also known
Tb1_(toxin)
Hg1 scorpion toxin
Hg1 (also known as Delta-Ktx 1.1) is a Kunitz-type peptide ion channel toxin derived from the scorpion Hadrurus gertschi. Its mode of action is that it
Hg1_(toxin)
Tripartite protein complex secreted by virulent strains of Bacillus anthracis
Anthrax toxin is a three-protein exotoxin secreted by virulent strains of the bacterium, Bacillus anthracis—the causative agent of anthrax. The toxin was
Anthrax_toxin
Extremely potent neurotoxin
Tetanus toxin (TeNT) is an extremely potent neurotoxin produced by the vegetative cell of Clostridium tetani in anaerobic conditions, causing tetanus
Tetanus_toxin
Group of toxins
Pertussis toxin (PT) is a protein-based AB5-type exotoxin produced by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis, which causes whooping cough. PT is involved
Pertussis_toxin
Mexican professional wrestler
Toxin (born January 27, 1997), previously known by his ring name Toxin Boy, is a masked Mexican professional wrestler. He is known for his time with promotion
Toxin_(wrestler)
Chemical compound
Joro spider toxin (joro toxin, JSTX) – a toxin which was originally extracted from the venom of the joro spider (Trichonephila clavata), originally native
Joro_toxin
Species of amphibian known for strong toxicity
newt (Taricha granulosa) is a North American newt known for the strong toxin exuded from its skin. A stocky newt with rounded snout, it ranges from light
Rough-skinned_newt
Group of exotoxins from bacteria
The RTX toxin superfamily is a group of cytolysins and cytotoxins produced by bacteria. There are over 1000 known members with a variety of functions
RTX_toxin
Topics referred to by the same term
Alpha-toxin may refer to: Staphylococcus aureus alpha toxin, a toxin Clostridium novyi alpha-toxin, a toxin Lecithinase C, an enzyme This disambiguation
Alpha-toxin
Protein family
toxins (abbreviated CDTs) are a class of heterotrimeric toxins produced by certain gram-negative bacteria that display DNase activity. These toxins trigger
Cytolethal_distending_toxin
Antibody with the ability to neutralize a specific toxin
ability to neutralize a specific toxin. Antitoxins are produced by certain animals, plants, and bacteria in response to toxin exposure. Although they are most
Antitoxin
Protein family
The AB toxins are two-component protein complexes secreted by a number of pathogenic bacteria, though there is a pore-forming AB toxin found in the eggs
AB_toxin
Toxin produced by bacteria
Adenylate cyclase toxin is a virulence factor produced by some members of the genus Bordetella. Together with the pertussis toxin it is the most important
Adenylate_cyclase_toxin
The Toxin and Toxin-Target Database (T3DB), also known as the Toxic Exposome Database, is a freely accessible online database of common substances that
Toxin and Toxin-Target Database
Toxin_and_Toxin-Target_Database
Bacteria-produced protein complex and disease agent
Cholera toxin (also known as choleragen, CTX, CTx and CT) is a potent enterotoxin produced by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae which causes severe watery
Cholera_toxin
Pandinus imperator toxin (Pi4; α-KTx 6.4) is a short toxin from the emperor scorpion (Pandinus imperator) that blocks specific potassium channels. The
Pandinus_imperator_toxin
Biological process
A toxin-antitoxin system consists of a "toxin" and a corresponding "antitoxin", usually encoded by closely linked genes. The toxin is usually a protein
Toxin-antitoxin_system
Polymorphic toxins (PTs) are multi-domain proteins primarily involved in competition between bacteria but also involved in pathogenesis when injected in
Polymorphic_toxins
Medical condition caused by bacterial toxins
Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a condition caused by bacterial toxins. Symptoms may include fever, rash, skin peeling, and low blood pressure. There may
Toxic_shock_syndrome
Bacterial disease
found in some animals, which would suggest zoonotic potential. Diphtheria toxin (DT) is produced only by C. diphtheriae infected with a certain type of
Diphtheria
Insecticide
pore-forming toxins produced by Bacillus thuringiensis species of bacteria. They are useful for their insecticidal action and are the primary toxin produced
Delta_endotoxins
Species of bacterium
myonecrosis through the release of exotoxins such as the alpha toxin, lethal toxin, and hemolytic toxin Clostridium septicum is a large, gram-positive, rod-shaped
Clostridium_septicum
Protein-produced toxins that create pores in cell membrane
Pore-forming proteins (PFTs, also known as pore-forming toxins) are usually produced by bacteria, and include a number of protein exotoxins but may also
Pore-forming_toxin
Topics referred to by the same term
Zeta toxin may refer to: Zeta toxin protein domain, a protein domain found in prokaryotes UDP-N-acetylglucosamine kinase, an enzyme This disambiguation
Zeta_toxin
Cytotoxin produced by Clostridioides difficile
Clostridioides difficile toxin B (TcdB) is a cytotoxin produced by the bacteria Clostridioides difficile. It is one of two major kinds of toxins produced by C.
Clostridioides difficile toxin B
Clostridioides_difficile_toxin_B
Bacterial infection characterized by muscle spasms
as a cut or puncture wound caused by a contaminated object. They produce toxins that interfere with normal muscle contractions. Diagnosis is based on the
Tetanus
Theraphosa leblondi toxin (TLTx) is a toxin occurring in three different forms (subtypes) that are purified and sequenced from the venom of the giant
TLTx
Cytotoxin produced by Clostridioides difficile
Clostridioides difficile toxin A (TcdA) is a toxin produced by the bacteria Clostridioides difficile, formerly known as Clostridium difficile. It is similar
Clostridioides difficile toxin A
Clostridioides_difficile_toxin_A
Protein family
Scorpion toxins are proteins found in the venom of scorpions. Their toxic effect may be mammal- or insect-specific and acts by binding with varying degrees
Scorpion_toxin
Species of bacterium
growth wherein no toxin is produced; vigorous growth wherein toxin is produced; and spore formation wherein endospores are formed and toxin production decreases
Clostridium_novyi
Toxin produced by a fungus
improve the environment for further fungal proliferation. The production of toxins depends on the surrounding intrinsic and extrinsic environments and these
Mycotoxin
Toxin protein
Three-finger toxins (abbreviated 3FTx) are a protein superfamily of small toxin proteins found in the venom of snakes. Three-finger toxins are in turn
Three-finger_toxin
Babycurus-toxin 1 (BcTx1) is a component of the venom of the east African scorpion Babycurus centrurimorphus. This toxin modifies both the activation and
Babycurus_toxin_1
Protein family
Muscarinic toxin 1 (MT1) belongs to the family of small peptides of 65 amino acid residues derived from the venom of African mamba snakes (Dendroaspis
Muscarinic_toxin_1
Double-knot toxin (DkTx), also known as Tau-theraphotoxin-Hs1a or Tau-TRTX-Hs1a, is a toxin found in the venom of the Chinese Bird spider (Ornithoctonus
Double-knot_toxin
Protein family
Insect toxins are various protein toxins produced by insect species. Assassin bugs, sometimes known as kissing bugs, are one of the largest and morphologically
Insect_toxin
Disease caused by C. difficile bacteria
age. Diagnosis is by stool culture or testing for the bacteria's DNA or toxins. If a person tests positive but has no symptoms, the condition is known
Clostridioides difficile infection
Clostridioides_difficile_infection
1962 Czech film
Looking for Toxin X (Czech: Hledá se Toxin X) is a Czechoslovak short popular science documentary about LSD. A dose of LSD is given to a DAMU theatre student
Looking_for_Toxin_X
Medical technique
Botulinum toxin therapy of strabismus is a medical technique used sometimes in the management of strabismus, in which botulinum toxin is injected into
Botulinum toxin therapy of strabismus
Botulinum_toxin_therapy_of_strabismus
Species of bacteria used as an insecticide
reservoir of Cry toxins for production of biological insecticides and insect-resistant genetically modified crops. When insects ingest toxin crystals, their
Bacillus_thuringiensis
Bacterial protein toxin
bacterial toxins named after their source organisms, such as botulinum toxin, anthrax toxin, or the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin, the umbrella toxin is
Umbrella_toxin
Toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium perfringens
Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin is a toxin produced by the bacterium Clostridium perfringens (C. perfringens) and is responsible for gas gangrene and
Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin
Clostridium_perfringens_alpha_toxin
Species of bacteria, cause of plague
digestive tract, among them the hemin storage system and Yersinia murine toxin (Ymt). Although Ymt is highly toxic to rodents and was once thought to be
Yersinia_pestis
Human bacterial infection
toxin called alpha-toxin, though it is unrelated to the Clostridium perfringens alpha-toxin. Clostridium sordellii can also produce two major toxins:
Gas_gangrene
Rhs toxins belong to the polymorphic toxin category of bacterial exotoxins. Rhs proteins are widespread and can be produced by both Gram-negative and Gram-positive
Rhs_toxins
Neurotoxin
porcupinefish, ocean sunfish, and triggerfish; several of these species carry the toxin. Although tetrodotoxin was discovered in these fish, it is found in several
Tetrodotoxin
Bacterial toxins formerly used in a precursor analogue of modern immunotherapy
Coley's toxins (also called Coley's toxin, Coley's vaccine, Coley vaccine, Coley's fluid or mixed bacterial vaccine) is a mixture containing toxins filtered
Coley's_toxins
Weakened form of a toxin, often used for vaccines
A toxoid is an inactivated toxin (usually an exotoxin) whose toxicity has been suppressed while retaining its immunogenicity. This is usually achieved
Toxoid
Plant derivatives that are poisonous to fish
Fish toxins or fish stupefying plants have historically been used by many hunter gatherer cultures to stun fish, so they become easy to collect by hand
Fish_toxins
Species of bacterium
death in laboratory animals within hours. Alpha-toxin is a necrotizing, but not hemolytic, toxin. This toxin is secreted, as it is isolated from filtrates
Hathewaya_histolytica
Protein family
Stichodactyla toxin (ShK, ShkT) is a 35-residue basic peptide from the sea anemone Stichodactyla helianthus that blocks a number of potassium channels
Stichodactyla_toxin
aureus delta toxin is a toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus. It has a wide spectrum of cytolytic activity. It is among other toxins produced by S
Staphylococcus aureus delta toxin
Staphylococcus_aureus_delta_toxin
Strains of bacteria
(VTEC) are strains of the bacterium Escherichia coli that produce Shiga toxin (or verotoxin). Only a minority of the strains cause illness in humans.[failed
Shigatoxigenic and verotoxigenic Escherichia coli
Shigatoxigenic_and_verotoxigenic_Escherichia_coli
Excess urea in the blood due to kidney dysfunction
needed] Uremic toxins are any biologically active compounds that are retained due to kidney impairment. Many uremic salts can also be uremic toxins.[citation
Uremia
Alpha-toxin, also known as alpha-hemolysin (Hla), is the major cytotoxic agent released by bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and the first identified member
Staphylococcus aureus alpha toxin
Staphylococcus_aureus_alpha_toxin
Protein family
receptor. Muscarinic toxins like the nicotinic toxins have the three-finger fold structure, characteristic of the large superfamily of toxins that act at cholinergic
Muscarinic_toxin_7
Toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus beta toxin is a toxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus. It is a form of sphingomyelinase called sphingomyelinase C. This enzyme
Staphylococcus aureus beta toxin
Staphylococcus_aureus_beta_toxin
In molecular biology, the BmKK2 toxins are a family of scorpion toxins. They belong to the scorpion toxin subfamily alpha-KTx 14. They include a novel
BmKK2_toxin
Foodborne illness
lethargy. The onset of symptoms varies with the amount of toxin absorbed. If a large quantity of toxins is consumed, symptoms may appear within half an hour
Ciguatera_fish_poisoning
Toxin secreted by an animal
Venom or zootoxin is a type of toxin produced by an animal that is actively delivered to other animals through a wound by means of a bite, sting or similar
Venom
Protein family
subtypes. Muscarinic toxins like the nicotinic toxins have the three-finger fold structure, characteristic of the large superfamily of toxins that act at cholinergic
Muscarinic_toxin_2
Harmful effects from ingestion of toxic substances present in a mushroom
slight gastrointestinal discomfort to death in about 10 days. Mushroom toxins are secondary metabolites produced by the fungus. Mushroom poisoning is
Mushroom_poisoning
Toxin from bacteria that destroys or disrupts cells
An exotoxin is a toxin secreted by bacteria. An exotoxin can cause damage to the host by destroying cells or disrupting normal cellular metabolism. They
Exotoxin
Protein family
proteins and the related dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) from Bordetella species. Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) is a toxin whose structure from Escherichia
Cytotoxic necrotising factor family
Cytotoxic_necrotising_factor_family
Family of toxins produced by spiders
Spider toxins are a family of proteins produced by spiders which function as neurotoxins. The mechanism of many spider toxins is through blockage of calcium
Spider_toxin
Spread of planktonic algae in water
of oxygen levels in the water, and, depending on the organism, releasing toxins into the water. Yet, algae also play a crucial role by producing about 70 %
Algal_bloom
Academic journal
Toxin Reviews is a quarterly peer-reviewed medical journal covering research on multidisciplinary research in the area of toxins derived from animals,
Toxin_Reviews
Species of tree native to North America
Robinia pseudoacacia, commonly known as black locust, is a medium-sized hardwood deciduous tree, belonging to the tribe Robinieae of the legume family
Robinia_pseudoacacia
Phase since 2022 of war ongoing since 2014
June 2023. Retrieved 7 June 2023. Graham-Harrison, Emma (27 August 2022). "Toxins in soil, blasted forests – Ukraine counts cost of Putin's 'ecocide'". The
Russo-Ukrainian war (2022–present)
Russo-Ukrainian_war_(2022–present)
Toxic chemicals synthesized by algae
(from Ancient Greek φῦκος (phûkos) 'seaweed' and τοξικόν (toxikón) 'poison, toxin') are complex allelopathic chemicals produced by eukaryotic and prokaryotic
Phycotoxin
Genus of venomous snakes
acetylcholine M4 receptors. Dendrotoxin 7, commonly referred to as muscarinic toxin 7 (MT7) inhibits acetylcholine M1 receptors. Dendrotoxin K, structurally
Mamba
Medical condition
most common treatment for spasmodic torticollis is the use of botulinum toxin type A. Initial symptoms of spasmodic torticollis are usually mild. Some
Spasmodic_torticollis
Family of amphibians
case, toxic arthropods – from which they absorb and reuse the consumed toxins. The secretion of these chemicals is released by the granular glands of
Poison_dart_frog
Bacterial system of proteins
The CcdA/CcdB Type II Toxin-antitoxin system is one example of the bacterial toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems that encode two proteins, one a potent inhibitor
CcdA/CcdB Type II Toxin-antitoxin system
CcdA/CcdB_Type_II_Toxin-antitoxin_system
2001 terror attacks in the U.S.
spread across Lower Manhattan when the towers collapsed. Exposure to the toxins in the debris is alleged to have contributed to fatal or debilitating illnesses
September_11_attacks
RNA family
The SymE-SymR toxin-antitoxin system consists of a small symbiotic endonuclease toxin, SymE, and a non-coding RNA symbiotic RNA antitoxin, SymR, which
SymE-SymR toxin-antitoxin system
SymE-SymR_toxin-antitoxin_system
Centipede toxin
Ssm Spooky toxin (SsTx), also known as Mu-scoloptoxin(15)-Ssm1a, is a small protein toxin and ion channel toxin identified in the venom of the Chinese
Ssm_spooky_toxin
Toxin isolated from a sea anemone
CgNa is a peptide toxin isolated from the sea anemone Condylactis gigantea. It causes an increased action potential duration by slowing down the inactivation
CgNa_toxin
2007 film by Sam Raimi
David Michelinie Symbiotes Anti-Venom Carnage Hybrid Mania Scream Sleeper Toxin Venom (Sony's Spider-Man Universe) Hosts Venom hosts Peter Parker (Spider-Man)
Spider-Man_3
Controlled biological agents in the United States
Under United States law, biological select agents or toxins (BSATs)—or simply select agents for short—are bio-agents which (since 1997) have been declared
Select_agent
Medical condition
salivary gland. After prolonged attachment, the engorged tick transmits the toxin to its host, causing an ascending paralysis resembling Guillain-Barre syndrome
Tick_paralysis
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