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Collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface
A DNA microarray (also commonly known as a DNA chip or biochip) is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface. Scientists use DNA
DNA_microarray
Small-scale two-dimensional array of samples on a solid support
carbohydrate microarrays is expanding. Types of microarrays include: DNA microarrays, such as cDNA microarrays, oligonucleotide microarrays, BAC microarrays and
Microarray
Form of protein microarray
An antibody microarray (also known as antibody array) is a specific form of protein microarray. In this technology, a collection of captured antibodies
Antibody_microarray
Method to evaluate biological samples
of cloned DNA fragments with known locations throughout the human genome, with these fragments being used as probes on the DNA microarray. Now probes
Comparative genomic hybridization
Comparative_genomic_hybridization
Set of all RNA molecules in one cell or a population of cells
The first transcriptome studies were based on microarray techniques (also known as DNA chips). Microarrays consist of thin glass layers with spots on which
Transcriptome
English molecular biologist
are financed using royalty income from licensing microarray technology. The Southern blot is used for DNA analysis and was routinely used for genetic fingerprinting
Edwin_Southern
Substrates performing biochemical reactions
differentiated. Microarrays are not limited to DNA analysis; protein microarrays, antibody microarray, chemical compound microarray can also be produced
Biochip
DNA reverse transcribed from RNA
single cells, or single nuclei in assays such as microarrays, qPCR, and RNA-seq. In natural forms, cDNA is produced by retroviruses (such as HIV-1, HIV-2
Complementary_DNA
hybridization assays, such as DNA microarray experiments, RT-qPCR, and RNA-Seq. A spike-in is designed to bind to a DNA molecule with a matching sequence
RNA_spike-in
Technology for screening small molecule compounds
using a fluorescent primer and hybridized onto the DNA-microarray slide. Afterwards, microarrays are analyzed using a laser scan and spot intensities
DNA-encoded_chemical_library
Microarray analysis techniques are used in interpreting the data generated from experiments on DNA (Gene chip analysis), RNA, and protein microarrays
Microarray analysis techniques
Microarray_analysis_techniques
American scientist and businessman
Brown is co-founder of the Public Library of Science, inventor of the DNA microarray, and a former investigator at Howard Hughes Medical Institute. Brown
Patrick_O._Brown
Diagram in computational biology
of two channel DNA microarray gene expression data, MA plots are also used to visualise high-throughput sequencing analysis. Microarray data is often normalized
MA_plot
Branch of biology that studies biological systems at the molecular level
membrane are probed for modifications using specific substrates. A DNA microarray is a collection of spots attached to a solid support such as a microscope
Molecular_biology
DNA-based genetic test
as DNA microarray to obtain the genetic information. There are three major types of genealogical DNA tests: Autosomal (which includes X-DNA), Y-DNA, and
Genealogical_DNA_test
Class of short biopolymers
detecting specific sequences of DNA or RNA. Examples of procedures that use oligonucleotides include DNA microarrays, Southern blots, ASO analysis, fluorescent
Oligonucleotide
Commercial genetic testing company
tree Short tandem repeat Single-nucleotide polymorphism Test types DNA microarray DNA sequencing Polymerase chain reaction Sanger sequencing Test manufactures
FamilyTreeDNA
Study and research of genes
changes in the past. A DNA microarray is a collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface. Scientists use DNA microarrays to measure the expression
Genetic_analysis
Molecule that carries genetic information
Day – Holiday celebrated on April 25 DNA microarray – Collection of microscopic DNA spots attached to a solid surface DNA sequencing – Process of determining
DNA
Medical classification system
prognoses and may have different responses to specific therapies. DNA microarrays have assisted this approach, as discussed in the following section
Breast_cancer_classification
Device for tracking proteins
become the most widely used microarrays. Protein microarrays were developed due to the limitations of using DNA microarrays for determining gene expression
Protein_microarray
Online genealogy platform
MyHeritage DNA kits have been sold, making it the third most popular genealogical DNA testing company In April 2019, MyHeritage changed DNA microarray chip
MyHeritage
Process of determining the nucleic acid sequence
several DNA oligomers and micro-RNA has already been achieved. Sequencing by hybridization is a non-enzymatic method that uses a DNA microarray. A single
DNA_sequencing
Molecular biology technique
variety of organisms. The general goal of the technique is similar to the DNA microarray. However, SAGE sampling is based on sequencing mRNA output, not on hybridization
Serial analysis of gene expression
Serial_analysis_of_gene_expression
Disambiguation article
concept has been used in many biological applications, including the DNA microarray, which has led to the "gene chip" industry started by Ron Davis and
Array
Glass object created by dripping molten glass into cold water
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Prince_Rupert's_drop
Study of RNA transcripts
PMID 15978318. Shalon D, Smith SJ, Brown PO (July 1996). "A DNA microarray system for analyzing complex DNA samples using two-color fluorescent probe hybridization"
Transcriptomics_technologies
Cellular mechanism
(January 2005). "Identification of gastric cancer-related genes using a cDNA microarray containing novel expressed sequence tags expressed in gastric cancer
DNA_repair
Rare genetic syndrome
terminal and interstitial deletions are too small. The availability of DNA microarray technology for revealing multiple genetic problems simultaneously has
22q13_deletion_syndrome
Laboratory process
a DNA microarray which bind to complementary strands of DNA. This method is optimal for detecting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the DNA. The
Genotyping
Sequencing all the DNA of an individual at once
sometimes below the accuracy defined above). Coverage (genetics) DNA microarray DNA profiling DNA sequencing Duplex sequencing Exome sequencing Genomics England
Whole_genome_sequencing
Glass colored with uranium oxide
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Uranium_glass
Events leading to cell division
coordination between DNA replication origin activity and mRNA expression, and shows that mathematical modeling of DNA microarray data can be used to correctly
Cell_cycle
Fragment of RNA or DNA able to be chemically labeled
used in DNA microarrays refer to DNA covalently attached to an inert surface, such as coated glass slides or gene chips, to which a mobile cDNA target
Hybridization_probe
hybridization studies, degenerate primer studies, microsatellite analysis, DNA microarray detection, inverse PCR, genome walking, nucleotide polymorphisms studies
OLIGO Primer Analysis Software
OLIGO_Primer_Analysis_Software
Use of living systems and organisms to develop or make useful products
ISFET is widely used in biomedical applications, such as the detection of DNA hybridization, biomarker detection from blood, antibody detection, glucose
Biotechnology
Technique for detecting polymorphisms in a genome
DNA microarray which is used to detect polymorphisms within a population. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), a variation at a single site in DNA
SNP_array
A microarray database is a repository containing microarray gene expression data. The key uses of a microarray database are to store the measurement data
Microarray_databases
Medical practice
imaging (MRI), and the search for specific genetic mutations. Chromosomal DNA microarray analysis is considered the most reliable approach. Since 2019, blood
Prenatal_screening_for_autism
Melting points of chemical mixtures
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Liquidus_and_solidus
Species of Old World monkey
Washington, Seattle, infected macaques with 1918 and modern influenzas. The DNA microarray showed the macaque genomic response to human influenza on a cellular
Rhesus_macaque
washing steps in protocols for Southern blotting, in situ hybridization, DNA Microarray or Northern blotting. 20X SSC may be used to prevent drying of agarose
SSC_buffer
Loose connective tissue composed mostly by adipocytes
as a therapeutic target for the treatment of obesity and diabetes. DNA microarray is a bioinformatics tool used to quantify expression levels of various
Adipose_tissue
Programming language for statistics
project provides packages for genomic data analysis, complementary DNA, microarray, and high-throughput sequencing methods. There are three main groups
R_(programming_language)
Hematologic cancer that affects lymphocytes
cause healthy cells to turn into lymphoma cells in the laboratory or how the DNA changes inside lymphoma cells as the disease progresses. The results from
Lymphoma
Opaque or translucent, milk white or colored glass
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Milk_glass
Conversion of a gene's sequence into a mature gene product or products
in cancer therapy to target specific chemotherapy. (See RNA-Seq and DNA microarray for details.) Similarly, the analysis of the location of protein expression
Gene_expression
Multinational biotechnology research organization
private companies and research institutes. It is a manufacturer of DNA microarrays and a provider of gene expression profiling and microRNA profiling
Phalanx_Biotech_Group
American businessman and biotechnology entrepreneur
the birth control pill, the nicotine patch, corticosteroids, and the DNA microarray. Zaffaroni was born on February 27, 1923, in Montevideo. Zaffaroni was
Alejandro_Zaffaroni
Glass consisting of pure silica
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Fused_quartz
Molecular biology method
immunoprecipitation ('ChIP') with DNA microarray ("chip"). Like regular ChIP, ChIP-on-chip is used to investigate interactions between proteins and DNA in vivo. Specifically
ChIP-on-chip
Infectious agent that replicates in cells
, using Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) particles to amplify signals in DNA microarray based sensors. In this application, the virus particles separate the
Virus
American biotech company
Affymetrix is now Applied Biosystems, a brand of DNA microarray products sold by Thermo Fisher Scientific that originated with an American biotechnology
Affymetrix
Research of materials
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Materials_science
Microtechnology
to form oligonucleotides cDNA microarrays are often used for large-scale screening and expression studies. In cDNA microarrays, mRNA from cells are collected
Bio-MEMS
Type of safety glass processed to increase its strength
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Tempered_glass
Detection of mRNA molecules
technologies can be used to generate the necessary data to analyse. DNA microarrays measure the relative activity of previously identified target genes
Gene_expression_profiling
Bioinformatics association
the fact that it has broadened its focus beyond the application of DNA microarrays for gene expression analysis to include technologies such as high-throughput
FGED_Society
Biological process
input into DNA detection methods such as DNA microarrays (MeDIP-chip) or DNA sequencing (MeDIP-seq). Pyrosequencing of bisulfite treated DNA. This is the
DNA_methylation
High-strength glass, made of silica and boron trioxide
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Borosilicate_glass
Data visualization technique
r-project.org. Retrieved 2025-04-23. "Using R to draw a heat map from Microarray Data". Molecular Organisation and Assembly in Cells. 26 Nov 2009. "Draw
Heat_map
kinetics during an assay. Similar to flat microarrays (e.g. DNA microarray), an appropriate receptor molecule, such as DNA oligonucleotide probes, antibodies
Suspension_array_technology
Field of molecular biology
DNase-Seq and FAIRE-Seq. Microarrays measure the amount of mRNA in a sample that corresponds to a given gene or probe DNA sequence. Probe sequences are
Functional_genomics
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
limited to brain, endocrine, bone marrow, lung, and reproductive tissues. DNA microarray analysis from various experiments showed variable C21orf58 expression
C21orf58
Region of non-coding DNA that regulates the transcription of neighboring genes
elements (CREs) or cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) are regions of non-coding DNA which regulate the transcription of neighboring genes. CREs are vital components
Cis-regulatory_element
Optical lenses that darken on exposure to certain wavelengths of light
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Photochromic_lens
Purification technique
purified fraction of methylated DNA can be input to high-throughput DNA detection methods such as high-resolution DNA microarrays (MeDIP-chip) or next-generation
Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation
Methylated_DNA_immunoprecipitation
Software project for the analysis of genomic data
analysis of single channel Affymetrix and two or more channel cDNA/Oligo microarrays. As the project has matured, the functional scope of the software
Bioconductor
Proteins that bind with DNA
such as SELEX, PBM (protein binding microarrays), DNA microarray screens, DamID, FAIRE or more recently DAP-seq (DNA affinity purification sequencing) are
DNA-binding_protein
Study of how temperature affects the nucleic acid structure
oligonucleotide probes of DNA microarrays. Annealing, in genetics, means for complementary sequences of single-stranded DNA or RNA to pair by hydrogen
Nucleic_acid_thermodynamics
Surface reactive glass-ceramic biomaterial
enhanced with respect to the melt-derived glass. Subsequent advances in DNA microarray technology enabled an entirely new perspective on the mechanisms of
Bioactive_glass
Transparent non-crystalline solid material
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Glass
Biological cell regulation mechanisms
regulation), but it is still the most commonly analysed (quantitative PCR and DNA microarray).[citation needed] When studying gene expression, there are several
Regulation_of_gene_expression
Chemical compound
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Sodium_hexametaphosphate
Tree-based ensemble machine learning methods
Amaratunga, D., Cabrera, J., Shkedy, Z. (2014). Exploration and Analysis of DNA Microarray and Other High-Dimensional Data. New York: John Wiley. Second Edition
Random_forest
Chemical warfare agent
of patients 25 years after wartime exposure to chemical weaponry, c-DNA microarray profiling indicated that 122 genes were significantly mutated in the
Mustard_gas
Cancer originating in connective tissue
PMC 1868308. PMID 14507652. Lubieniecka JM, Nielsen TO (15 December 2005). "cDNA microarray-based translational research in soft tissue sarcoma". Journal of Surgical
Sarcoma
plastic. This microarray format is very similar to DNA microarray, protein microarray and antibody microarray. In chemical genetics research, they are routinely
Chemical_compound_microarray
restriction enzyme – sequencing – shotgun sequencing – cloning – culture – DNA microarray – electrophoresis – protein tag – affinity chromatography – x-ray diffraction
Outline_of_biology
Brand of dish and other cookware pieces
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
CorningWare
Matrix decomposition
2013). "SVD Identifies Transcript Length Distribution Functions from DNA Microarray Data and Reveals Evolutionary Forces Globally Affecting GBM Metabolism"
Singular_value_decomposition
Labeling and detection method for DNA microarrays or protein microarrays
method for DNA microarrays or protein microarrays. A synonym is colorimetric detection. In contrast to the classical signal detection on microarrays by using
Silverquant
Lowering the temperature of a liquid below its freezing point without it becoming a solid
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Supercooling
Laboratory technique of molecular biology
PCR (that is, immediate or simultaneous PCR). Quantitative PCR and DNA microarray are modern methodologies for studying gene expression. Older methods
Real-time polymerase chain reaction
Real-time_polymerase_chain_reaction
Type of glass
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Soda–lime_glass
Species of plant
molecular breeding tools have produced rice blast resistant cultivars. DNA microarray has been used to advance understanding of hybrid vigor in rice, QTL
Oryza_sativa
American scientist and academic
demonstrated multianalyte sensing using this approach, culminating in a DNA microarray based on optical fibers. The random bead array technology was licensed
David_R._Walt
Bioactive glass biomaterial
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Bioglass_45S5
Techniques used to study nucleic acids
chain reaction (quantitative PCR) High-throughput relative abundance: DNA microarray High-throughput absolute abundance: serial analysis of gene expression
Nucleic_acid_methods
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
also seen to be expressed most highly in fetal and infantile tissues. DNA microarray analysis experiments show expression patterns of FAM149B1 compared to
FAM149B1
Anti-reflective coating Chemically strengthened glass Corrosion Dealkalization DNA microarray Hydrogen darkening Insulated glazing Porous glass Self-cleaning glass
Fluorosilicate_glass
Software for understanding biological data
learning algorithms to bioinformatics, including genomics, proteomics, microarrays, systems biology, evolution, and text mining. Prior to the emergence
Machine learning in bioinformatics
Machine_learning_in_bioinformatics
2000 superhero film by Curt Geda
The Joker explains that he encoded himself into a stolen, advanced DNA microarray hidden behind Tim's ear. This technology allows him to survive death
Batman Beyond: Return of the Joker
Batman_Beyond:_Return_of_the_Joker
American biologist
businessman in the field of DNA microarray technology. He is the co-founder of Affymetrix, a company that produces DNA microarrays to screen gene expression
Stephen_Fodor
Evaluation (UniPROBE) is database of DNA-binding proteins determined by protein-binding microarrays. Protein microarray DNA-binding domain Newburger DE, Bulyk
UniPROBE
Field of study in cancer research
binding domain proteins Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation Methyl-DIP Gene-expression profiles via DNA microarray : comparing mRNA levels from cancer
Cancer_epigenetics
RNA species present outside of the cells in which they were transcribed
characterize, and quantify exRNA from biological samples. RT-PCR, cDNA microarrays, and RNA sequencing are common techniques for RNA analysis. Applying
Extracellular_RNA
Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens
the DNA microarray data below in the gene level regulation section. C16orf86 protein function is still not well understood, however, based on the DNA microarray
C16orf86
Genomic study of immune system regulation and pathogen response
benefit from cDNA microarray analysis of gene expression,” and, thus, heralded the rise of immunomics. Limited by available microarrays and a non-complete
Immunomics
Process of copying a segment of DNA into RNA
nuclear RNA levels, which may however differ from transcription rates DNA microarrays: measures the relative abundance of the global total or nuclear RNA
Transcription_(biology)
DNA MICROARRAY
DNA MICROARRAY
Female
English
 English surname transferred to unisex forename use, possibly DANA means "from Denmark." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Female
Serbian
(Bulgarian and Serbian Ðна): Bulgarian and Serbian form of Greek Hanna, ANA means "favor; grace."
Female
Native American
Native American Hopi name UNA means "remember." Compare with another form of Una.
Female
Irish
Short form of Irish Gaelic CatrÃona, RÃONA means "pure."
Female
Spanish
Portuguese and Spanish form of Latin Anna, ANA means "favor; grace."Â Compare with another form of Ana.
Female
Slavic
 Short form of Slavic Bogdana, DANA means "gift from God." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Male
English
English surname transferred to unisex forename use, possibly DANA means "from Denmark."
Female
Irish
Irish Gaelic form of French Catherine, CAITRÃONA means "pure."
Female
Hebrew
(×“Ö¼Ö¸× Ö¸×”) Feminine form of Hebrew Dan, DANA means "judge." Compare with other forms of Dana.
Female
English
 Variant spelling of English Oona, possibly ONA means "famine, hunger." Compare with another form of Ona.
Female
English
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Úna, probably UNA means "famine, hunger." Compare with another form of Una.
Female
Irish
Irish Gaelic name FÃONA means "vine."
Female
Italian
 Short form of Italian Adona, DONA means "my lord."
Female
English
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Eithne, ENA means "kernel."
Girl/Female
English American
A names ending in 'ina' or 'ena' (ie. Christina) used as a nickname. Famous bearer: In 1906...
Female
Hebrew
(×¢Ö¶×“Ö°× Ö¸×”) Hebrew name EDNA means "delight, pleasure, rejuvenation." In the apocryphal Book of Tobit, this is the name of the mother of Sarah. Compare with another form of Edna.
Female
Portuguese
Portuguese form of Greek Lydia, LÃDIA means "of Lydia."
Female
Polish
Polish name of Lithuanian origin, GRAŻYNA means "beautiful."
Female
Scottish
 Short form of Scottish Murdina, DINA means "sea warrior." Compare with another form of Dina.
Female
English
 Variant spelling of English Dinah, DINA means "judgment." Compare with another form of Dina.
DNA MICROARRAY
DNA MICROARRAY
Boy/Male
Bengali, Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Jain, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Powerful; Capable; Talented; Able to do Something; Load Krishna
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Daughter
Boy/Male
Arabic, Muslim
Deer; Name of a Sahabi who Participated in the Battle of Badr
Girl/Female
Indian, Punjabi, Sikh
Mighty and Brave
Girl/Female
Muslim/Islamic
Safe
Girl/Female
Indian
Happy; Beautiful; Cute; Brave; Loveable
Female
Danish
, gift of God.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Telugu
Baby
Girl/Female
Bengali, Gujarati, Indian, Marathi, Tamil
Beautiful Like a Pearl
Girl/Female
Tamil
Quick, Rapid
DNA MICROARRAY
DNA MICROARRAY
DNA MICROARRAY
DNA MICROARRAY
DNA MICROARRAY
n.
A variant of Dan, a title of honor.
a. & adv.
No, not. See No.
n.
A title of honor equivalent to master, or sir.
adv.
Of each; an equal quantity; as, wine and honey, ana (or, contracted, aa), / ij., that is, of wine and honey, each, two ounces.
n.
A piece of DNA, usually circular, functioning as part of the genetic material of a cell, not integrated with the chromosome and replicating independently of the chromosome, but transferred, like the chromosome, to subsequent generations. In bacteria, plasmids often carry the genes for antibiotic resistance; they are exploited in genetic engineering as the vehicles for introduction of extraneous DNA into cells, to alter the genetic makeup of the cell. The cells thus altered may produce desirable proteins which are extracted and used; in the case of genetically altered plant cells, the altered cells may grow into complete plants with changed properties, as for example, increased resistance to disease.
n.
A small truck or sledge used in coal mines.
n.
Lady; mistress; madam; -- a title of respect used in Spain, prefixed to the Christian name of a lady.
n.
An ancient musical instrument in use among the Jews. Dan. iii. 5. It is supposed to be the same with the psaltery.
n.
A viola da gamba.
n.
A disease; black jaundice. See Mel/na.
pl.
of Auto-da-fe
n.
A descendant of Dan; an Israelite of the tribe of Dan.
n.
Same as Auto-da-fe.
n.
See Doa.
n.
A title anciently given to the pope, and later to other church dignitaries and some monastic orders. See Don, and Dan.