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Computation of nearly accurate results
Approximate computing is an emerging paradigm for energy-efficient and/or high-performance design. It includes a plethora of computation techniques that
Approximate_computing
Something roughly the same as something else
algorithm – Class of algorithms that find approximate solutions to optimization problems Approximate computing – Computation of nearly accurate results
Approximation
Finding strings that approximately match a pattern
P.) Computing E(m, j) is very similar to computing the edit distance between two strings. In fact, we can use the Levenshtein distance computing algorithm
Approximate_string_matching
Subset of artificial intelligence
achieved through various techniques, such as hardware acceleration, approximate computing, and model optimization. Common optimization techniques include
Machine_learning
Computer hardware technology that uses quantum mechanics
information in quantum computing, the qubit (quantum bit), serves a similar function as the bit in ordinary or "classical" computing. Unlike a classical
Quantum_computing
Types of approximate algorithm
Soft computing is an umbrella term used to describe types of algorithms that produce approximate solutions to unsolvable high-level problems in computer
Soft_computing
Loop perforation is an approximate computing technique that allows to regularly skip some iterations of a loop. It relies on one parameter: the perforation
Loop_perforation
Form of shared internet-based computing
concert to perform very large tasks. Fog computing – Distributed computing paradigm that provides data, compute, storage and application services closer
Cloud_computing
Root-finding algorithm
Muller, Jean-Michel (December 2020). "Elementary Functions and Approximate Computing". Proceedings of the IEEE. 108 (12): 2146. doi:10.1109/JPROC.2020
Fast_inverse_square_root
Experimental technology level
of the quantum computing implementation levels. In October 2023, the 1,000 qubit mark was passed for the first time by Atom Computing's 1,180 qubit quantum
Noisy intermediate-scale quantum computing
Noisy_intermediate-scale_quantum_computing
American computer scientist and professor
contributions to energy-efficient and approximate computing. Reda’s research spans energy-efficient computing, approximate computing methodologies, embedded systems
Sherief_Reda
Complexity class
are often tackled with rules-based languages in areas including: Approximate computing Configuration Cryptography Data mining Decision support Phylogenetics
NP-hardness
Computation machine that uses continuously varying data technology
and synthetic-aperture radar, remained the domain of analog computing (and hybrid computing) well into the 1980s, since digital computers were insufficient
Analog_computer
Indian academic
interests include compilers and programming languages, and edge computing, approximate computing, software security, system reliability, and parallel programming
Vikram_Adve
Property of artificial neural networks
state that neural networks with a certain structure can, in principle, approximate any continuous function to any desired degree of accuracy. These theorems
Universal approximation theorem
Universal_approximation_theorem
Initiative to rethink the concept of computing
Task Force on Rebooting Computing (TFRC), housed within IEEE Computer Society, is the new home for the IEEE Rebooting Computing Initiative. Founded in
IEEE_Rebooting_Computing
Measure of detail a quantity is expressed in
computations are made using the data (although it can also be reduced). Approximate computing Arbitrary-precision arithmetic Extended precision Granularity IEEE754
Precision_(computer_science)
Task skipping is an approximate computing technique that allows to skip code blocks according to a specific boolean condition to be checked at run-time
Task_skipping
Situation where players have only a small incentive to change strategies
equilibrium computation - discusses the general problem of computing an exact or approximate Nash equilibrium. Inline citations V. Bubelis (1979). "On
Epsilon-equilibrium
which computed all prime numbers up to that limit. Computing – Manufacturing: An estimated 6×1018 transistors were produced worldwide in 2008. Computing –
Orders_of_magnitude_(numbers)
Computational method in Bayesian statistics
Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) constitutes a class of computational methods rooted in Bayesian statistics that can be used to estimate the posterior
Approximate Bayesian computation
Approximate_Bayesian_computation
Concept in statistics
In statistics, an approximate entropy (ApEn) is a technique used to quantify the amount of regularity and the unpredictability of fluctuations over time-series
Approximate_entropy
Data structures that allow approximate membership queries
space-efficient probabilistic data structures that support approximate membership queries. An approximate membership query answers whether an element is in a
Approximate membership query filter
Approximate_membership_query_filter
Programmable machine that processes data
of the analytical engine's computing unit (the mill) in 1888. He gave a successful demonstration of its use in computing tables in 1906. In his work
Computer
Computing the fixed point of a function
Fixed-point computation refers to the process of computing an exact or approximate fixed point of a given function. In its most common form, the given
Fixed-point_computation
Software programming optimization technique
mitigated by explicit selection of those rules the parser will memoize. Approximate computing – category of techniques to improve efficiency Computational complexity
Memoization
Structure in biology and artificial intelligence
cybernetics Biologically-inspired computing Shao, Feng; Shen, Zheng (January 9, 2022). "How can artificial neural networks approximate the brain?". Front. Psychol
Neural_network
Algorithmic technique using hashing
(1998). "Approximate Nearest Neighbors: Towards Removing the Curse of Dimensionality.". Proceedings of 30th Symposium on Theory of Computing. Charikar
Locality-sensitive_hashing
Additional storage that enables faster access to main storage
In computing, a cache (/kæʃ/ KASH) is a hardware or software component that stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster; the
Cache_(computing)
Computer science metric of string similarity
Navarro, Gonzalo (1 March 2001). "A guided tour to approximate string matching" (PDF). ACM Computing Surveys. 33 (1): 31–88. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.452.6317
Edit_distance
Type of algorithm
parameterized approximation algorithm is a type of algorithm that aims to find approximate solutions to NP-hard optimization problems in polynomial time in the
Parameterized approximation algorithm
Parameterized_approximation_algorithm
Form of encryption that allows computation on ciphertexts
Client-side encryption – Type of encryption Confidential computing – Privacy-enhancing computing technique Format-preserving encryption – Method in cryptography
Homomorphic_encryption
Overview of and topical guide to computer science
system for computer science is the ACM Computing Classification System devised by the Association for Computing Machinery. Computer science can be described
Outline_of_computer_science
The history of computing extends beyond the history of computing hardware and modern computing technology including earlier methods that relied on pen
History_of_computing
Economical computational problem
computing mixed-strategy NE vs computing pure-strategy NE. In each of these cases, one can consider computing an exact NE or an epsilon-approximate NE:
Nash_equilibrium_computation
computing from 2020 to the present. For narratives explaining the overall developments, see the history of computing. Significant events in computing
Timeline of computing 2020–present
Timeline_of_computing_2020–present
Concept in software engineering and computer science
Ubiquitous computing (or "ubicomp") is a concept in software engineering, hardware engineering and computer science where computing is made to appear seamlessly
Ubiquitous_computing
Discrete Fourier transform algorithm
useful in many fields, but computing it directly from the definition is often too slow to be practical. An FFT rapidly computes such transformations by factorizing
Fast_Fourier_transform
System with multiple networked computers
common goal for their work. The terms "concurrent computing", "parallel computing", and "distributed computing" have much overlap, and no clear distinction
Distributed_computing
Methods for numerical approximations
method of sparse grids. Numerical analysis is also concerned with computing (in an approximate way) the solution of differential equations, both ordinary differential
Numerical_analysis
Characters for drawing frames and boxes
Drawing Block Elements Geometric Shapes Symbols for Legacy Computing Symbols for Legacy Computing Supplement Box Drawing U+2500-U+257F, The Unicode Standard
Box-drawing_characters
Anti-aliasing algorithm
Fast approximate anti-aliasing (FXAA) is a screen-space anti-aliasing algorithm created by Timothy Lottes at Nvidia. FXAA 3 is released under a public
Fast approximate anti-aliasing
Fast_approximate_anti-aliasing
Approximate string matching program
expressions. Bitap algorithm TRE (computing) Wu, Sun; Manber, Udi (20–24 January 1992). Agrep -- a fast approximate pattern-matching tool. 1992 Winter
Agrep
Indian computer scientist and academic
appointed Dean of the Faculty for Computing and Information Science, now known as the Cornell Ann S. Bowers College of Computing and Information Science. Bala
Kavita_Bala
Approximation method
is usually not known. Nevertheless, approximate arithmetic operations can be employed to compute an approximate inverse without knowing the function
Hierarchical_matrix
Method by which work is assigned
In computing, scheduling is the action of assigning resources to perform tasks. The resources may be processors, network links or expansion cards. The
Scheduling_(computing)
events in the history of computing from 1950 to 1979. For narratives explaining the overall developments, see the history of computing. Information revolution
Timeline of computing 1950–1979
Timeline_of_computing_1950–1979
Type of extremely powerful computer
computing whereby a "super virtual computer" of many loosely coupled volunteer computing machines performs very large computing tasks. Grid computing
Supercomputer
Numerical analysis concept
problem. Various methods have been developed that use approximate closed-form expressions to compute the nodes. As mentioned above, in some methods formulas
Gauss–Legendre_quadrature
Cyrillic letter
and 1911. This letter does not have any computing codes, most notably in Unicode. It is possible to approximate this letter with the Latin letter K in
Ka_with_ascender
Computing company founded in 2014
Cambridge Quantum Computing (CQC). HQS was founded in 2014. The company used a trapped-ion architecture for its quantum computing hardware, which Honeywell
Quantinuum
Problem in communication complexity theory
number of bits that they need to exchange in order for Alice to approximately compute the Hamming distance between their strings. The solution to the
Gap-Hamming_problem
International Society for Computing
The Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) is an international learned society for computing founded on September 15, 1947, and headquartered in New
Association for Computing Machinery
Association_for_Computing_Machinery
Programming paradigm in which many processes are executed simultaneously
parallel computing: bit-level, instruction-level, data, and task parallelism. Parallelism has long been employed in high-performance computing, but has
Parallel_computing
Fitness approximation aims to approximate the objective or fitness functions in evolutionary optimization by building up machine learning models based
Fitness_approximation
Kumar Shukla, Jean-Pierre Talpin From Variability Tolerance to Approximate Computing in Parallel Integrated Architectures and Accelerators by Abbas Rahimi
Rajesh_K._Gupta
Real number that can be computed within arbitrary precision
numbers. Though the computable reals exhaust those reals we can calculate or approximate, the assumption that all reals are computable leads to substantially
Computable_number
American physicist
Quantum Computing?". The Quantum Insider. Retrieved 2025-01-07. Farhi, Edward; Aram W Harrow (2016). "Quantum Supremacy through the Quantum Approximate Optimization
Edward_Farhi
Multilevel Monte Carlo (MLMC) methods in numerical analysis are algorithms for computing expectations that arise in stochastic simulations. Just as Monte Carlo
Multilevel_Monte_Carlo_method
American multinational technology conglomerate
American multinational technology company engaged in e-commerce, cloud computing, online advertising, digital streaming, entertainment, and artificial
Amazon_(company)
computing, embedded bio-signal processing for wearable and near-sensor devices, and error-tolerant workloads addressed through approximate computing variants
Coarse-grained reconfigurable array
Coarse-grained_reconfigurable_array
Frieze, Alan (1988), "On the complexity of computing the volume of a polyhedron", SIAM Journal on Computing, 17 (5): 967–974, doi:10.1137/0217060, MR 0961051
Convex_volume_approximation
Annual event in America established 1988
High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis, is the annual conference established in 1988 by the Association for Computing Machinery and
ACM/IEEE Supercomputing Conference
ACM/IEEE_Supercomputing_Conference
Method of biometric identification
Hokchhay; Buttafuoco, Francesco; Reda, Sherief (March 2018). "Approximate Computing for Biometric Security Systems: A Case Study on Iris Scanning".
Iris_recognition
American businessman (born 1964)
president and CEO of Amazon, the world's largest e-commerce and cloud computing company. According to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index and Forbes, he
Jeff_Bezos
Computer science award
Computing Machinery, May 29, 2013. Recipients Achieved Groundbreaking Results for Aggregating Data from Multiple Sources, Association for Computing Machinery
Gödel_Prize
Digital workload distribution techniques
In computing, load balancing is the process of distributing a set of tasks over a set of resources (computing units) with the aim of making their overall
Load_balancing_(computing)
Problem of computing shortest paths around geometric obstacles
Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 215–224, ISBN 9780898714340. Choi, Joonsoo; Sellen, Jürgen; Yap, Chee-Keng (1994), "Approximate Euclidean shortest
Euclidean_shortest_path
Number, approximately 3.14
may approximate π based on the counts: π ≈ 2 n ℓ x t . {\displaystyle \pi \approx {\frac {2n\ell }{xt}}.} Another Monte Carlo method for computing π is
Pi
American multinational technology company
online advertising, search engine technology, email, cloud computing, software, quantum computing, e-commerce, consumer electronics, and artificial intelligence
Varying methods used to calculate pi
algorithm, the formula can compute any particular base 16 digit of π—returning the hexadecimal value of the digit—without computing the intervening digits
Approximations_of_pi
American computer scientist
on Computing, 37(2):584-610, 2007. J. S. B. Mitchell, D. M. Mount and C. H. Papadimitriou. The Discrete Geodesic Problem. SIAM Journal of Computing, 16(4):647-668
David_Mount
Open-source library for pattern matching in text
portable approximate regular expression matching library Navarro, Gonzalo (March 2001), "A guided tour to approximate string matching", ACM Computing Surveys
TRE_(computing)
computer. Reversible computing is not subject to this lower bound. T cannot, even in theory, be made lower than 3 kelvins, the approximate temperature of the
Limits_of_computation
- computing an exact or approximate mixed-strategy Nash equilibrium in a game with three or more players. Market equilibrium computation - computing
FIXP
List of quantum computing algorithms
quantum computing List of algorithms List of artificial intelligence algorithms List of quantum and post-quantum cryptography List of quantum computing journals
List_of_quantum_algorithms
Type of malware
In computing, a trojan horse or trojan is a kind of malware that misleads users as to its true intent by disguising itself as a normal program. Trojans
Trojan_horse_(computing)
design, reconfigurable systems, and new ideas like quantum computing and approximate computing. Track A: Application Design focuses on real-world examples
Design Automation and Test in Europe
Design_Automation_and_Test_in_Europe
Study of computable functions and Turing degrees
necessary; there are many other models of computation that have the same computing power as Turing machines; for example the μ-recursive functions obtained
Computability_theory
High-speed approximation of the square root of the sum of two squares
"ASIC implementation of high-speed vector magnitude & arctangent approximator". Computing, Telecommunication and Control. 71 (4): 7–14. doi:10.18721/JCSTCS
Alpha max plus beta min algorithm
Alpha_max_plus_beta_min_algorithm
Sequence of data items available over time
(Report). Norwegian Computing Center. Archived from the original on 2024-09-19. Retrieved 20 August 2025. SRFI 41: Streams An Approximate L1-Difference Algorithm
Stream_(computing)
Category of cloud computing
the main business model for computing, and cluster computing enabled multiple computers to work together. Cloud computing emerged in the late 1990s with
Software_as_a_service
Process for preserving information in DRAM
period saves energy with minor quality loss, which is an example of approximate computing. In static random-access memory (SRAM), another type of semiconductor
Memory_refresh
decryption. Computer architecture: using GA to find out weak links in approximate computing such as lookahead. Configuration applications, particularly physics
List of genetic algorithm applications
List_of_genetic_algorithm_applications
in the history of computing: from prehistory until 1949. For narratives explaining the overall developments, see History of computing. The Ishango bone
Timeline of computing before 1950
Timeline_of_computing_before_1950
Parallel computing platform and programming model
CUDA (Compute Unified Device Architecture) is a proprietary parallel computing platform and application programming interface (API) developed by Nvidia
CUDA
Calendar year
"Justinopolis". Bernicia (North East England) is settled by the Angles (approximate date). King Theodoric the Great sends Pope John I to Constantinople,
525
Probability distribution in quantum mechanics
errors in quantum computing operations, called gates. Since then unitary t-designs have been found useful in other areas of quantum computing and more broadly
Quantum_t-design
Problem in linear algebra
(Allender & Gore 1994) The development of both exact and approximate algorithms for computing the permanent of a matrix is an active area of research.
Computing_the_permanent
Unit of digital information, usually 8 bits
a convenience, because 1024 is approximately 1000. This definition was popular in early decades of personal computing, with products like the Tandon 51⁄4-inch
Byte
Metric that measures the distance between two strings of text
S2CID 2091942. Navarro, Gonzalo (2001). "A guided tour to approximate string matching". ACM Computing Surveys. 33 (1): 31–88. doi:10.1145/375360.375365. hdl:10533/172862
String_metric
Methods of calculating definite integrals
higher-dimensional integration. The basic problem in numerical integration is to compute an approximate solution to a definite integral ∫ a b f ( x ) d x {\displaystyle
Numerical_integration
Social media platform owned by Meta
engage us". Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. pp. 965–974. doi:10.1145/2556288.2557403. ISBN 978-1-4503-2473-1
Unsolved problem in theoretical computer science
Journal on Computing, 47 (6): 2435–2450, doi:10.1137/16M1059369 Chattopadhyay, Arkadev; Mande, Nikhil; Sherif, Suhail (2019), The Log-Approximate-Rank Conjecture
Log-rank_conjecture
Quantum computing Timeline of quantum computing and communication Moore's law – observation (not actually a law) that, over the history of computing hardware
Computer performance by orders of magnitude
Computer_performance_by_orders_of_magnitude
American multinational technology company
materials science using a combination of AI, high-performance computing and quantum computing. The service includes Copilot, a GPT-4 based large language
Microsoft
Canadian physicist and entrepreneur
recipients | Institute for Quantum Computing | University of Waterloo". uwaterloo.ca. Retrieved 2026-07-29. "Quantum Approximate Boltzmann Machines - Guillaume
Guillaume_Verdon
Letter of the Latin alphabet
LETTER GHE and U+0433 г CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER GHE can be reversed to approximate this letter. Ğ (G with breve) Abkhaz language Joomagueldinov, Nurlan;
Reversed_ge
Method for computing topological features of a space at different spatial resolutions
filtered simplicial complex in order to approximate persistent homology. There are various software packages for computing persistence intervals of a finite
Persistent_homology
Highly reactive positive ion
opposite to the bridging H atom and the other two "top" H atoms. The approximate computed distances are C–C 0.211 nm, C–H 0.124 nm (bridging), 0.107 nm (bottom)
Ethanium
APPROXIMATE COMPUTING
APPROXIMATE COMPUTING
Surname or Lastname
English
English : metonymic occupational name for a maker and seller of gloves or a nickname for a wearer of particularly fine gloves, from Middle English cuffe ‘glove’ (of uncertain origin; attested in this sense from the 14th century, with the modern meaning first in the 16th century).Irish : Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Dhuibh, a variant of Mac Duibh ‘son of the black one’ (see Duff).Irish : approximate translation of Gaelic Ó DoirnÃn (see Dornan).Cornish : nickname from Cornish cuf ‘dear’, ‘kind’.
Boy/Male
Scandinavian
Royalty title approximately equivalent to the English Earl.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : habitational name from any of the various places so called. The majority, with examples in at least fourteen counties, get the name from Old English hÅh ‘ridge’, ‘spur’ (literally ‘heel’) + tÅ«n ‘enclosure’, ‘settlement’. Haughton in Nottinghamshire also has this origin, and may have contributed to the surname. A smaller group of Houghtons, with examples in Lancashire and South Yorkshire, have as their first element Old English halh ‘nook’, ‘recess’. In the case of isolated examples in Devon and East Yorkshire, the first elements appear to be unattested Old English personal names or bynames, of which the forms approximate to Huhha and Hofa respectively, but the meanings are unknown.
Surname or Lastname
English
English : topographic name for someone who lived by an enclosure of some kind, Middle English yard(e) (Old English geard; compare Garth).English : nickname from Middle English yard ‘rod’, ‘stick’ (Old English (Anglian) gerd), probably with reference to a rod or staff carried as a symbol of authority.English : from the same word as in 2, used to denote a measure of land. The surname probably denoted someone who held this quantity of land, and as it was quite a large amount (varying at different periods and in different places, but generally approximately 30 acres, a quarter of a hide), such a person would have been a reasonably prosperous farmer.
APPROXIMATE COMPUTING
APPROXIMATE COMPUTING
Boy/Male
Tamil
Stern
Boy/Male
Hindu
Ruby
Boy/Male
Gujarati, Hindu, Indian, Sikh, Tamil
Intelligent; Morning Dawn; God's Gift; First Ray of the Light
Surname or Lastname
English (Norfolk and Suffolk)
English (Norfolk and Suffolk) : topographic name for someone who lived at the foot of a hill.
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian
Waiting; Expectation
Boy/Male
Australian, Dutch, French, German, Hebrew, Spanish, Teutonic
Counselor; Protector; Form of Raymond Guards Wisely
Boy/Male
Tamil
Pushpalochana | பà¯à®·à¯à®ªà®²à¯‹à®šà®¨à®¾
One who has eyes like flowers
Girl/Female
Hindu, Indian, Tamil
The Beauty of Music
Boy/Male
Hindu, Indian, Kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Sanskrit
Bird
Boy/Male
Tamil
Tungeshwar | தà¯à®¨à¯à®•à¯‡à®·à¯à®µà®°
Lord of the mountains
APPROXIMATE COMPUTING
APPROXIMATE COMPUTING
APPROXIMATE COMPUTING
APPROXIMATE COMPUTING
APPROXIMATE COMPUTING
a.
Approaching; approximate.
a.
Approaching; proximate; nearly resembling.
a.
Nearly or approximately square; almost square.
p. pr. & vb. n.
of Approximate
v. t.
To carry or advance near; to cause to approach.
v. i.
To draw; to approach.
a.
Nearly or approximately pentangular; almost pentangular.
a.
Near correctness; nearly exact; not perfectly accurate; as, approximate results or values.
n.
One who, or that which, approximates.
a.
Obtained by trial, by measurements, etc.; approximate; empirical. See the 2d Note under Geometric.
v. i.
To approximate to the surface; to head; -- said of an abscess.
v. t.
To come near to; to approach.
a.
Approximately polygonal; somewhat or almost polygonal.
adv.
With approximation; so as to approximate; nearly.
prep.
Near; not far from; -- determining approximately time, size, quantity.
a.
Imperfectly cylindrical; approximately cylindrical.
imp. & p. p.
of Approximate
superl.
Not proximate or acting directly; primary; distant.
a.
Nearest; next immediately preceding or following.
a.
Proximate.