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Non-airbreathing engine used to propel a missile or vehicle
A rocket engine, also known as a rocket motor, is a reaction engine, producing thrust in accordance with Newton's third law by ejecting reaction mass
Rocket_engine
Type of propelling nozzle
A rocket engine nozzle is a propelling nozzle (usually of the de Laval type) used in a rocket engine to expand and accelerate combustion products to high
Rocket_engine_nozzle
Rocket engine that uses liquid fuels and oxidizers
A liquid-propellant rocket or liquid rocket uses a rocket engine burning liquid propellants. (Alternate approaches use gaseous or solid propellants.) Liquids
Liquid-propellant_rocket
Type of rocket engine which uses liquid fuel stored at very low temperatures
A cryogenic rocket engine is a rocket engine that uses a cryogenic fuel and oxidizer; that is, both its fuel and oxidizer are gases which have been liquefied
Cryogenic_rocket_engine
Type of rocket engine
The aerospike engine is a type of rocket engine that maintains its aerodynamic efficiency across a wide range of altitudes. It belongs to the class of
Aerospike_engine
SpaceX family of liquid-fuel rocket engines
Raptor is a family of rocket engines developed and manufactured by SpaceX. It is the third rocket engine in history designed with a full-flow staged combustion
SpaceX_Raptor
Proposed hybrid ramjet and rocket engine
Rocket Engine) was a concept under development by Reaction Engines Limited for a hypersonic precooled hybrid air-breathing rocket engine. The engine was
SABRE_(rocket_engine)
Vehicle propelled by ejection of gases
A rocket (from Italian: rocchetto, lit. ''bobbin/spool'', and so named for its shape) is an elongated flying vehicle that uses a rocket engine to accelerate
Rocket
Rocket engine that uses both liquid / gaseous and solid fuel
states of matter), hybrid rockets tend to fail more benignly than liquids or solids. Like liquid rocket engines, hybrid rocket motors can be shut down easily
Hybrid-propellant_rocket
Liquid-fueled rocket engine
liquid-propellant rocket engine designed by aerospace company Rocket Lab and manufactured in Long Beach, California. The engine is used on the company's own rocket, Electron
Rutherford_(rocket_engine)
Reciprocating internal combustion engine
V8, also referred to as the Rocket, is a series of engines that was produced by Oldsmobile from 1949 until 1990. The Rocket, along with the 1949 Cadillac
Oldsmobile_V8_engine
This page is an incomplete list of orbital rocket engine data and specifications. Comparison of orbital launch systems Comparison of orbital launchers
Comparison of orbital rocket engines
Comparison_of_orbital_rocket_engines
Rocket engine used on the Saturn V rocket
The F-1 is a rocket engine developed by Rocketdyne. The engine uses a gas-generator cycle developed in the United States in the late 1950s and was used
Rocketdyne_F-1
Type of rocket engine
first successful flight test of an experimental rocket powered by a rotating detonation rocket engine, powered by liquid propellants. The test took place
Rotating_detonation_engine
Methalox spacecraft propulsion system
Prometheus rocket engine is an ongoing European Space Agency (ESA) development effort begun in 2017 to create a reusable methane-fueled rocket engine for use
Prometheus_(rocket_engine)
German long-range ballistic missile
suborbital launch vehicle. The missile, powered by a liquid-propellant rocket engine, was developed during the Second World War in Nazi Germany as a "vengeance
V-2_rocket
Nuclear spacecraft propulsion technology
rocket (NTR) is a type of thermal rocket where the heat from a nuclear reaction replaces the chemical energy of the propellants in a chemical rocket.
Nuclear_thermal_rocket
Liquid fuel rocket engine
liquid-fuel rocket engine burning liquid oxygen and liquid methane in an oxidizer-rich staged combustion cycle. It is designed by aerospace company Rocket Lab
Archimedes_(rocket_engine)
American aerospace company
Florida "Space Coast". Firefly performed its first hot-fire engine test of the "Firefly Rocket Engine Research 1" (FRE-R1) on September 10, 2015. The initial
Firefly_Aerospace
American public spaceflight company
atmosphere transition. In November 2022, Rocket Lab cut the ribbon on an engine test facility for the Archimedes engine at NASA's Stennis Space Center. In March
Rocket_Lab
French rocket engine
rocket engines for Ariane 5 and Ariane 6. Its development began in 1988 and the first flight was completed in 1996. The updated version of the engine
Vulcain_(rocket_engine)
American aerospace company
New Shepard rocket and the heavy-lift New Glenn rocket. In addition to producing engines for its own rockets, Blue Origin supplies engines for other vehicles
Blue_Origin
Soviet super heavy-lift launch vehicle (1965–1972)
eight and four hot staged engines respectively, planned to bring the rocket to low Earth orbit. Dangers of the complex engine cluster and fuel feeder systems
N1_(rocket)
European rocket engine for upper stages
Vinci is a restartable, cryogenic, liquid-propellant rocket engine that powers the upper stage of Ariane 6. While development began in 1998 for the planned
Vinci_(rocket_engine)
Rocket engine in SpaceX Falcon launch vehicles
Merlin is a family of rocket engines developed by SpaceX. They are currently a part of the Falcon 9 and Falcon Heavy launch vehicles, and were formerly
SpaceX_Merlin
Indian rocket engine
The Vikas engine (a portmanteau from initials of VIKram Ambalal Sarabhai ) is a family of hypergolic liquid fuelled rocket engines conceptualized and designed
Vikas_(rocket_engine)
Rocket engines developed by SpaceX
four families of rocket engines — Merlin, Kestrel, Draco and SuperDraco — and since 2016 developed the Raptor methane rocket engine and after 2020, a
SpaceX_rocket_engines
Engines used in EU rocket Ariane
The Viking rocket engines were members of a series of bipropellant engines for the first and second stages of the Ariane 1 through Ariane 4 commercial
Viking_(rocket_engine)
Rocket engine manufactured by Skyroot Aerospace
The Raman engine is a bipropellant rocket engine manufactured by Skyroot Aerospace that will be used in its Vikram family of rockets. It is named after
Raman_(rocket_engine)
Indian spaceflight company
small-lift launch vehicle. The rocket will use an upper stage cryogenic engine powered by the Dhawan-series rocket engine. The Kalam-100 (named after A
Skyroot_Aerospace
Liquid form of rocket propellants
Many factors go into choosing a propellant for a liquid-propellant rocket engine. The primary factors include ease of operation, cost, hazards/environment
Liquid_rocket_propellant
US Nuclear thermal rocket engine project (1956–1973)
The Nuclear Engine for Rocket Vehicle Application (NERVA; /ˈnɜːrvə/) was an American nuclear thermal rocket engine development program that ran for roughly
NERVA
Two-stage small launch vehicle, 200-300 kg to LEO
Rutherford engines are the first electric-pump-fed engine to power an orbital-class rocket. Electron is often flown with a kickstage or Rocket Lab's Photon
Rocket_Lab_Electron
Aircraft engine that produces thrust by emitting a jet of gas
may include rocket, water jet, and hybrid propulsion, the term jet engine typically refers to an internal combustion air-breathing jet engine such as a
Jet_engine
Aircraft which uses a rocket engine for propulsion
A rocket-powered aircraft or rocket plane is an aircraft that uses a rocket engine for propulsion, sometimes in addition to airbreathing jet engines. Rocket
Rocket-powered_aircraft
Launch vehicles developed by Astra
electric-pump-fed rocket engines, and a mass simulator meant to occupy the place of a second stage. Rocket 2 was a prototype similar to Rocket 1. Rocket 3 was a launch
Astra_Rocket
Rocket engine operation method
preburner cycle, or closed cycle) is a power cycle of a bipropellant rocket engine. In the staged combustion cycle, propellant flows through multiple combustion
Staged_combustion_cycle
Chemical or mixture used in a rocket engine
Rocket propellant is used as a reaction mass ejected from a rocket engine to produce thrust. The energy required can either come from the propellants
Rocket_propellant
American private rocket engine and spaceflight development company
XCOR Aerospace was an American private spaceflight and rocket engine development company based at the Mojave Air and Space Port in Mojave, California
XCOR_Aerospace
Form of electric spacecraft propulsion
during the 1960s and in 1964, and the engine was sent into a suborbital flight aboard the Space Electric Rocket Test-1 (SERT-1). It successfully operated
Ion_thruster
Executor is a rocket engine developed by ARCA for use on its Haas rocket series and on IAR 111 Excelsior supersonic airplane. Executor uses kerosene and
Executor_(rocket_engine)
Most common type of rocket, used to launch satellites
A multistage rocket or step rocket is a launch vehicle that uses two or more rocket stages, each of which contains its own engines and propellant. A tandem
Multistage_rocket
Major component of a liquid rocket engine
A liquid rocket engine powerhead (or powerpack) is the collective term for the section of a rocket engine consisting of turbopumps, preburners / gas generators
Powerhead_(rocket_engine)
US NASA & DOD program 2000-2002
Booster for Reusable Applications". The RS-83 was a rocket engine design for a reusable LH2/LOX rocket larger and more powerful than any other. The RS-83
Space_Launch_Initiative
Rocket with a motor that uses solid propellants
solid-propellant rocket or solid rocket is a rocket with a rocket engine that uses solid propellants (fuel/oxidizer). The earliest rockets were solid-fuel rockets powered
Solid-propellant_rocket
Type of rocket engine
type of rocket engine which uses the expansion of a (typically inert) pressurized gas to generate thrust. As opposed to traditional rocket engines, a cold
Cold_gas_thruster
Rocket engine
rocket engine designed and manufactured by Rocket Lab. A bipropellant is used for the propulsion of the third stage/kick stage of the Electron rocket
Curie_(rocket_engine)
Space Shuttle and SLS main engine
The RS-25, also known as the Space Shuttle Main Engine (SSME), is a liquid-fuel cryogenic rocket engine that was used on NASA's Space Shuttle and is used
RS-25
Family of rocket stages which can be used as a space tug
rocket. Earlier Common Centaurs were propelled by the RL10A-4-2 version of the RL10. From 2014 to 2026, Common Centaur flew with the RL10C-1 engine,
Centaur_(rocket_stage)
American rocket engine design and production company
Rocketdyne was an American rocket engine design and production company headquartered in Canoga Park, in the western San Fernando Valley of suburban Los
Rocketdyne
Rocket engines for maneuvering
A vernier thruster is a rocket engine used on a spacecraft or launch vehicle for fine adjustments to the attitude or velocity. Depending on the design
Vernier_thruster
1960s American crewed suborbital rocket
monitoring the rocket's performance during flight. If it detected an anomaly which might threaten the astronaut, such as loss of flight control, engine thrust
Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle
Mercury-Redstone_Launch_Vehicle
In development multistage small launch vehicle
August". European Spaceflight. Retrieved 2026-07-16. "Rocket Factory Augsburg Chose Helix Rocket Engine in a Public Contest". Orbital Today. 2022-05-05. Retrieved
RFA_One
A rocket turbine engine is a combination of two types of propulsion engines: a liquid-propellant rocket and a turbine jet engine. Its power-to-weight ratio
Rocket_turbine_engine
First South Korean orbital launch vehicle developed domestically
mass of 52.1 tons. The main-stage liquid rocket propellant engine was fully gimballed. With the 2nd stage engine installed, the two-stage version of TLV
Nuri_(rocket)
1950s supersonic intercontinental cruise missile
the allied forces. Jet engines were already widely used after their introduction in the UK, but the V-1 flying bomb and V-2 rocket represented technologies
SM-64_Navaho
Rocket engine operation method
The pressure-fed engine is a class of rocket engine designs. A separate gas supply, usually helium, pressurizes the propellant tanks to force fuel and
Pressure-fed_engine
Type of engine
an equal, but opposite, reaction force." Examples include jet engines, rocket engines, pump-jets, and more uncommon variations such as Hall effect thrusters
Reaction_engine
Liquid fueled rocket engine
liquid-fuel, upper-stage rocket engine in development[update] by Avio on behalf of European Space Agency for use on Vega E. The engine is a derivative of the
M10_(rocket_engine)
Location where rocket engines may be tested on the ground, under controlled conditions
A rocket engine test facility is a location where rocket engines may be tested on the ground, under controlled conditions. A ground test program is generally
Rocket_engine_test_facility
French research and manufacturing company
development of liquid-fuelled rocket engines during the 1950s, 60s, 70s and 80s. The SEPR 841 is a liquid-fuelled rocket engine used as an auxiliary power
Société d'Etudes pour la Propulsion par Réaction
Société_d'Etudes_pour_la_Propulsion_par_Réaction
NASA low cost rocket engine design
Fastrac was a turbo pump-fed, liquid rocket engine. The engine was designed by NASA as part of the low cost X-34 Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) and as
Fastrac_(rocket_engine)
Type of rocket pack
Rocket Belt is a low-power rocket propulsion device that allows an individual to safely travel or leap over small distances. It is a type of rocket pack
Bell_Rocket_Belt
Reusable superheavy-lift general-purpose launch vehicle
which are powered by Raptor (RSL) and Raptor Vacuum (RVac) engines. The bodies of both rocket stages are made from stainless steel and are manufactured
SpaceX_Starship
Electrothermal thruster in development
eliminating electrode erosion, a major source of wear in ion engines. Compared to traditional rocket engines with very complex plumbing, high performance valves
Variable Specific Impulse Magnetoplasma Rocket
Variable_Specific_Impulse_Magnetoplasma_Rocket
Machine that converts one or more forms of energy into mechanical energy (of motion)
locomotive engine Spacecraft propulsion engines such as Rocket engine Traction engine Aircraft engine Automobile engine replacement Electric motor Engine cooling
Engine
Brazilian rocket
sounding rocket using solid fuel and stabilized aerodynamically. The original version, VS-40, uses the S-40TM (4,200 kg) first stage engine and the S-44M
VS-40
Indian private aerospace company
semi-cryogenic rocket engine Agnilet which will power second stage of its rocket Agnibaan for the first time. Agnikul claimed the engine has been developed
AgniKul_Cosmos
Thrust produced by ejecting a jet of fluid
aircraft propulsion, the pump-jet used for marine propulsion, and the rocket engine and plasma thruster used for spacecraft propulsion. Underwater jet propulsion
Jet_propulsion
Jet engine where combustion takes place in supersonic airflow
Organisation (DSTO), announced a successful scramjet flight at Mach 10 using rocket engines to boost the test vehicle to hypersonic speeds. A series of scramjet
Scramjet
Soviet launch vehicle
to revive the launch vehicle. Its RD-170 booster engine was at the time the most powerful rocket engine to use liquid fuel, and scaled-down versions of
Energia_(rocket)
Rocket-powered aircraft and spaceplane operated by the US Air Force and NASA
aerodynamic and rocket controls, depending on how effective each system was at controlling the aircraft. Among the many controls were the rocket engine throttle
North_American_X-15
Indian orbital class expendable rocket family
flight qualification testing of the Raman-I engine to be used for roll attitude control of the Vikram-I rocket. As Vikram-I launches to space, aerodynamic
Vikram_(rocket_family)
Rocket that burns 3 propellants at once or 2 fuels with an oxidizer, sequentially
been flown. There are two different kinds of tripropellant rockets. One is a rocket engine which mixes three separate streams of propellants, burning
Tripropellant_rocket
American metallurgist (born c. 1965)
mid-1990s, she co-invented Mondaloy, a nickel-based superalloy used in rocket engines, while working at Rocketdyne. On June 22, 2025, she disappeared while
Monica_Reza
United States historic place
Rocket Engine Test Facility was the name of a facility at the NASA Glenn Research Center, formerly known as the Lewis Research Center, in Ohio. The purpose
Rocket_Engine_Test_Facility
Pump driven by a gas turbine
chamber of a rocket engine. While they have considerably higher design complexity, turbopump fed systems scale much more favorably in large rockets than pressure-fed
Turbopump
Unguided air-to-surface rocket
The RP-3 (from Rocket Projectile 3 inch) was a British air-to-ground rocket projectile introduced during the Second World War. The "3 inch" designation
RP-3
American launch vehicle manufacturer
Beach, California. Relativity Space is developing launch vehicles, rocket engines, and manufacturing technologies for commercial orbital launch services
Relativity_Space
Japanese medium-lift launch vehicle
(MHI). A hydrolox-fuelled rocket, it is the successor to the H-IIA and H-IIB launch vehicles. The H3 uses the LE-9 main engine, which was designed to be
H3_(rocket)
Rocket used to augment the thrust of a larger rocket
is a rocket (or rocket engine) used either in the first stage of a multistage launch vehicle or in parallel with longer-burning sustainer rockets to augment
Booster_(rocketry)
Medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM)
was a liquid-propellant rocket using RP-1 fuel and LOX oxidizer, with a single Rocketdyne LR79-NA (model S-3D) rocket engine producing 150,000 lbf (670 kN)
PGM-19_Jupiter
American rocket engineer (1914–1952)
the first rocket engine to use a castable, composite rocket propellant, and pioneered the advancement of both liquid-fuel and solid-fuel rockets. Parsons
Jack_Parsons
United Launch Alliance launch vehicle
reducing hydrocarbon buildup in engines, which would facilitate refurbishment under the proposed SMART reuse system. The rocket's second stage, the Centaur
Vulcan_Centaur
Liquid fuel cryogenic rocket engine, typically used on rocket upper stages
The RL10 is a liquid-fuel cryogenic rocket engine built in the United States by Aerojet Rocketdyne that burns cryogenic liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen
RL10
Steam locomotive by Robert Stephenson in 1829
improved locomotives would be more efficient than stationary steam engines. Rocket was designed and built by Robert Stephenson in 1829, and built at the
Stephenson's_Rocket
Type of rocket engine fuel
is away from large hypergolic rocket engines and toward hydrogen/oxygen engines or methane/oxygen and RP-1/oxygen engines for various advantages and disadvantages
Hypergolic_propellant
Rocket Engine by Rolls-Royce
The Larch was a family of rocket engine intended as an upgrade to Black Arrow launch vehicles. They were manufactured by Rolls-Royce between 1965 and
Larch_(rocket_engine)
Hypothetical type of spacecraft
spacecraft engine using a gaseous fission reactor to achieve nuclear propulsion. Specifically, it would be a type of gas core reactor rocket that uses
Nuclear_lightbulb
Rocket engine operation method
as the GG cycle, is one of the most commonly used engine cycles in bipropellant liquid rocket engines. Propellant is burned in a gas generator (analogous
Gas-generator_cycle
German New Space start-up
first stage, and hot fire tests of the Helix rocket engine began in July 2022, with an integrated stage+engine system test of 280 seconds duration in March
Rocket_Factory_Augsburg
Type of nuclear propulsion method with an ultra high specific-inpulse
The fission-fragment rocket is a rocket engine design that directly harnesses hot nuclear fission products for thrust, as opposed to using a separate
Fission-fragment_rocket
Type of solid propellant rocket engine
In a dual-thrust solid propellant rocket engine, the propellant mass is composed of two different types (densities) of fuel. In the case of a tandem dual-thrust
Dual-thrust_rocket_motor
Rocket engine that uses detonation waves to combust fuel and oxidizer
detonation rocket engine in space on a S-520 sounding rocket flight. The upper stage of the rocket used a rotating detonation engine (RDE) as the main engine and
Pulse_detonation_engine
American physicist and inventor (1882–1945)
rocket engines for jet-assisted take-off (JATO) of aircraft. These rocket engines were the precursors to the larger throttlable rocket plane engines that
Robert_H._Goddard
Device using jets to propel the wearer
A jet pack, rocket belt, rocket pack or flight pack is a device worn as a backpack which uses jets to propel the wearer through the air. The concept has
Jet_pack
Dimensionless ratio of thrust to weight of a propelled vehicle
thrust to weight of a reaction engine or a vehicle with such an engine. Reaction engines include jet engines, rocket engines, pump-jets, Hall-effect thrusters
Thrust-to-weight_ratio
Small recreational rocket
trying to make their own rocket engines. With the launch of Sputnik, many young people were trying to build their own rocket motors, often with tragic
Model_rocket
NASA super heavy-lift expendable launch vehicle used in the Artemis Program
is powered by four ex-Shuttle RS-25 engines. Attached to the core are two Northrop Grumman five-segment Solid Rocket Boosters, built for the Ares vehicles
Space_Launch_System
Rocket engine that uses photons to propel a spacecraft
can be included without penalty. A laser could be used as a photon rocket engine, and would solve the reflection/collimation problem, but lasers are
Nuclear_photonic_rocket
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