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Delegation of authority to perform security-relevant functions on a computer system
In computing, privilege is defined as the delegation of authority to perform security-relevant functions on a computer system. A privilege allows a user
Privilege_(computing)
instead). In computing security privilege revocation is a measure taken by a program to protect the system against misuse of itself. Privilege revocation
Privilege revocation (computing)
Privilege_revocation_(computing)
Security by granting only essential access
(object-oriented programming) Need to know Privilege bracketing Privilege escalation Privilege revocation (computing) Privilege separation Protection ring Role-based
Principle_of_least_privilege
Topics referred to by the same term
privilege Male privilege Body privilege Privilege (computing), the level of access granted in computer security Privilege Creek, a river in Texas This
Privilege
Excessive access to computer resources
consumer electronics Illegal number Principle of least privilege Privilege revocation (computing) Privilege separation Rooting (Android OS) Row hammer "CVE-2020-14979
Privilege_escalation
List of permissions for a system resource
deputy problem DACL Extended file attributes File-system permissions Privilege (computing) Role-based access control (RBAC) E.g., File-system permissions,
Access-control_list
Special user account used for system administration
(iOS) nobody (username) passwd Power user Privilege escalation Rooting (Android OS) Rootkit sudo Wheel (computing) "getpwid". opengroup.org. Archived from
Superuser
Powershell equivalent is "Just In Time, Just Enough Admin". Privilege revocation (computing) Joint Task Force (September 2020). Security and Privacy Controls
Privilege_bracketing
Computer security vulnerability
older versions of the Linux kernel created before 2018. It is a local privilege escalation bug that exploits a race condition in the implementation of
Dirty_COW
Computer security vulnerability (2026)
Fail, is a vulnerability in the Linux kernel that allows unauthorized privilege escalation, disclosed by security firm Theori to the public on 29 April
Copy_Fail
Topics referred to by the same term
Privilege revocation can mean: In the context of computer security, Privilege revocation (computing) In a legal context, Privilege revocation (law) This
Privilege_revocation
Sophisticated malware
Regin (also known as Prax or QWERTY) is a sophisticated malware and hacking toolkit used by United States' National Security Agency (NSA) and its British
Regin_(malware)
Concept in information security
Risk assessment Information assurance Principle of least privilege Defense strategy (computing) Swiss cheese model "Secure Product Design - OWASP Cheat
Defense_in_depth_(computing)
Type of malware
In computing, a trojan horse or trojan is a kind of malware that misleads users as to its true intent by disguising itself as a normal program. Trojans
Trojan_horse_(computing)
Set of all computer components critical to its security
trusted computing base to enforce correctly a unified security policy depends on the correctness of the mechanisms within the trusted computing base, the
Trusted_computing_base
Temporarily interrupting a computer task
In computing, preemption is the act performed by an external scheduler — without assistance or cooperation from the task — of temporarily interrupting
Preemption_(computing)
Computer security exploit
memory rows numerous times. The Rowhammer effect has been used in some privilege escalation computer security exploits, and network-based attacks are also
Row_hammer
Modular computer malware discovered in 2012
attackers particularly seeking AutoCAD drawings, PDFs, and text files. Computing experts said that the program appeared to be gathering technical diagrams
Flame_(malware)
Information describing a problematic situation
In computing, an error message is a relatively short text message that describes a problematic situation. An error message generally indicates that an
Error_message
Method by which work is assigned
In computing, scheduling is the action of assigning resources to perform tasks. The resources may be processors, network links or expansion cards. The
Scheduling_(computing)
Unexpected program exit due to an error
In computing, a crash, or system crash, occurs when a computer program such as a software application or an operating system stops functioning properly
Crash_(computing)
Collection of computer malware discovered in 2011
(2639658)". Vulnerability in TrueType Font Parsing Could Allow Elevation of Privilege. 3 November 2011. Retrieved 5 November 2011. "Microsoft Security Bulletin
Duqu
On-demand cloud computing provider
use more computing in times of high application usage, and then scale down to reduce costs when there is less traffic). These cloud computing web services
Amazon_Web_Services
Data storage for copy and paste operations
other app on an Android device including those with extremely low-level privileges. Joe Siegrist notes that this is an "OS-level issue that impacts everything
Clipboard_(computing)
Computing resource shared by concurrent users
In computing, time-sharing is the concurrent sharing of a computing resource among many tasks or users by giving each task or user a small slice of processing
Time-sharing
This is a list of computing and IT acronyms, initialisms and abbreviations. 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z See also References
List of computing and IT abbreviations
List_of_computing_and_IT_abbreviations
Network security measure
cannot be centrally managed. Air-gap malware Airplane mode Firewall (computing) Near sound data transfer NIPRNet SIPRNet Sneakernet Tempest (codename)
Air_gap_(networking)
Term for computer intruders and computing experts
has spread beyond computing in terms such as hackathon, civic hacking, biohacking, growth hacking, and life hack. Within computing, communities disagree
Hacker
Client/server computer framework
The Distributed Computing Environment (DCE) is a software system developed in the early 1990s from the work of the Open Software Foundation (OSF), a consortium
Distributed Computing Environment
Distributed_Computing_Environment
Cyber attack where any code can be run
ability to execute arbitrary code, an attacker may attempt to exploit a privilege escalation vulnerability to gain additional control. This may involve
Arbitrary_code_execution
Topics referred to by the same term
animals such as pigs SUID, sudden and unexpected infant death In computing: setuid, a privilege elevation mechanism Saved user ID, a type of user identifier
Suid
Operating modes for central processing unit
CPU modes (also called processor modes, CPU states, CPU privilege levels and other names) are operating modes for the central processing unit of most
CPU_modes
Exploitable weakness in a computer system
without the user's awareness. Only a minority of vulnerabilities allow for privilege escalation, which is typically necessary for more severe attacks. Without
Vulnerability (computer security)
Vulnerability_(computer_security)
Conventional name for a type of user account in Unix systems
account for each daemon. User identifier Principle of least privilege Privilege revocation (computing) Linux Standard Base, Core Specification 3.1 section 21
Nobody_(username)
Cloud computing platform by Microsoft
Azure, sometimes stylized Azure, and formerly Windows Azure, is the cloud computing platform developed by Microsoft. It offers management, access and development
Microsoft_Azure
Israeli-American cloud information security company
all of whom previously founded Adallom. The company's platform analyzes computing infrastructure hosted in Amazon Web Services, Microsoft Azure, Google
Wiz,_Inc.
Remove power from a computer's main components in a controlled way
turn off or reboot a computer. Only the superuser or a user with special privileges can shut the system down. One commonly issued form of this command is
Shutdown_(computing)
Form of interprocess communication
In computing, redirection is a form of interprocess communication, and is a function common to most command-line interpreters, including the various Unix
Redirection_(computing)
File containing metadata for other files in a group
xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v3"> <security> <requestedPrivileges> <!--I am okay with whatever security privilege level--> <requestedExecutionLevel level='asInvoker'
Manifest_file
Unix access rights flag
chmod sudo Confused deputy problem PolKit Unix security Privilege revocation (computing) Privilege separation von Hagen, William (2010-05-13). Ubuntu Linux
Setuid
Way for programs to access kernel services
In computing, a system call (syscall) is the programmatic way in which a computer program requests a service from the operating system on which it is
System_call
Protection of computer systems from information disclosure, theft or damage
on large amounts of data. Privilege escalation usually starts with social engineering techniques, often phishing. Privilege escalation can be separated
Computer_security
Form of encryption that allows computation on ciphertexts
Client-side encryption – Type of encryption Confidential computing – Privacy-enhancing computing technique Format-preserving encryption – Method in cryptography
Homomorphic_encryption
On Unix-like operating systems, a process must execute with superuser privileges to be able to bind a network socket to an IP address using one of the
List of TCP and UDP port numbers
List_of_TCP_and_UDP_port_numbers
Unfixed software vulnerability
training and access control — including multi-factor authentication, least-privilege access, and air-gapping makes it harder to compromise systems with a zero-day
Zero-day_vulnerability
Software engineering approach
defence in depth, minimising attack surfaces, the principle of least privilege principle, and integrating detection and response mechanisms. SbD treats
Secure_by_design
Programming technique for hacking
In computing, a shatter attack is a programming technique employed by hackers on Microsoft Windows operating systems to bypass security restrictions between
Shatter_attack
Type of user account in Unix systems
accounts cannot access. The term wheel was first applied to computer user privilege levels after the introduction of the TENEX operating system, later distributed
Wheel_(computing)
Topics referred to by the same term
type of server Superuser, a type of computer user with administrative privileges Sysop, a commonly used term for a system operator, an administrator of
Administrator
Practice of allowing people or entities, generally
is a list or register of entities that are being provided a particular privilege, service, mobility, access or recognition. Entities on the list will be
Whitelist
Free online crowdsourced encyclopedia
editorial disputes. Administrators are not supposed to enjoy any special privilege in decision-making; instead, their powers are mostly limited to making
Wikipedia
Gender disparity in computing concerns the disparity between the number of men in the field of computing in relation to the lack of women in the field
Gender_disparity_in_computing
Status register of x86 architecture
Overflow flag Status OV (Overflow) NV (Not Overflow) 12–13 0x3000 IOPL I/O privilege level (286+ only), always all-1s on 8086 and 186 System 14 0x4000 NT Nested
FLAGS_register
Topics referred to by the same term
dpl, the filename extension of Borland software libraries Descriptor Privilege Level, the highest CPU resource access level on the x86 architecture Dolby
DPL
Grids (see Grid computing), to assign privileges to users, and to carry the privileges around the Grid. In the most popular Grid privilege management system
Privilege Management Infrastructure
Privilege_Management_Infrastructure
Class of web security vulnerabilities
gadgets could lead to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, code execution, or privilege escalation. Li, Song; Kang, Mingqing; Hou, Jianwei; Cao, Yinzhi (2021-08-18)
Prototype_pollution
Digital library of Tufts University
stating that "access to the cultural heritage of humanity is a right, not a privilege". This notably means that the Perseus Digital Library tries not to be
Perseus_Digital_Library
Daemonless OCI-compliant container runtime
Collection to Cloud Native Computing Foundation". Red Hat Blog. Retrieved 10 September 2025. "Podman Container Tools". Cloud Native Computing Foundation. Retrieved
Podman
Way of using computer memory
protection in today's mainstream operating systems, and a building block for privilege separation. A separate user mode can also be used to build efficient virtual
User_space_and_kernel_space
Topics referred to by the same term
to backstage areas of a performance venue Press pass, grants special privilege or access to journalists Season ticket, or season pass Ticket (admission)
Pass
Network that allows computers to share resources and communicate with each other
tunnel between the SSL server and the SSL client. Cloud computing Cyberspace Distributed computing History of the Internet Information Age ISO/IEC 11801 –
Computer_network
Single instance of a software that serves multiple tenants
2nd International Conference on Cloud Computing and Services Science (CLOSER 2012). Conference on Cloud Computing and Services Science. SciTePress. Archived
Multitenancy
User group on Wikipedia
818 admins on the English Wikipedia. Administrators have some technical privileges not enjoyed by other editors, such as the ability to protect and delete
Wikipedia_administrators
Standard UNIX utility
"superuser"), is used by a computer user to execute commands with the privileges of another user account. When executed it invokes a shell without changing
Su_(Unix)
American computer company, 1982–2010
evolution of several key computing technologies, among them Unix, RISC processors, thin client computing, and virtualized computing. At its height, Sun's
Sun_Microsystems
AI Infrastructure Identity company
Teleport is used to enforce the principle of least privilege uniformly across distributed and complex computing environments such as multicloud, hybrid cloud
Teleport_(software)
American philosopher (born 1944)
"Cyborg Perspectives on Computing Research Reform". Extended Abstracts of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, New
Donna_Haraway
Malware deployment method
then allowed attackers to escalate privileges using the badly secured break glass account. Trojan horse (computing) Virus hoax Fadilpašić, Sead (2025-11-07)
ClickFix
Head of state and government
Washington's action created the precedent for the privilege. When Nixon tried to use executive privilege as a reason for not turning over subpoenaed evidence
President of the United States
President_of_the_United_States
Autonomous artificial intelligence agent
repudiation, information disclosure, denial of service, and elevation of privilege. MITRE ATLAS: A knowledge base of adversary tactics and techniques for
AI_agent
Line of computers sold by Digital Equipment Corporation
operating system, and S1 was reserved. The VAX has four hardware implemented privilege modes: The process status longword contains 32 bits: The first VAX-based
VAX
Type of standardized secure cryptoprocessors
Richard Stallman suggested replacing the term "trusted computing" with the term "treacherous computing" due to the danger that the computer can be made to
Trusted_Platform_Module
Translations of 1922 novel
highlighted de Carvalho's use of alliteration and his willingness to privilege Joyce's musical effects over strict lexical equivalence. The translation
Translations_of_Ulysses
Flag bit in the CPU relating to interrupts
other synchronization mechanisms such as locks. Interrupt FLAGS register (computing) Intel 8259 Advanced Programmable Interrupt Controller (APIC) Interrupt
Interrupt_flag
Car ownership as the social norm
downplayed and obscured. It also provides a framework to describe social privilege conferred onto motorists and double standards around car use. The term
Motonormativity
Theory in communications
their first name is an example of intimate distance, because this is a privilege extended only someone very close to them. EVT can apply to both non-relational
Expectancy_violations_theory
Autonomous computer subsystem
Microsoft Pluton Next-Generation Secure Computing Base Samsung Knox Spectre (security vulnerability) Trusted Computing Trusted Execution Technology Trusted
Intel_Management_Engine
Linux computer virus
not propagate very effectively because of the structure of Linux's user privilege system. The Bliss virus never became widespread, and remains chiefly a
Bliss_(computer_virus)
Organized collection of data in computing
In computing, a database is an organized collection of data or a type of data store based on the use of a database management system (DBMS), the software
Database
Distinctly-addressable storage unit
medium. Although the concept of volume is relatively consistent throughout computing contexts, there are significant differences in implementation and user
Volume_(computing)
Series of language models developed by DeepSeek
over the database, which could lead to unauthorized access and increased privileges within DeepSeek's systems. After Wiz Research reported the issue, DeepSeek
DeepSeek_(AI)
Symbolic image used to represent a bomb
black sphere with sparking fuse has several different applications in computing, and typically indicates a fatal system error. The bomb icon in Mac OS
Bomb_(icon)
Country in Southeastern and Central Europe
of the Serbs. The Habsburg Empire granted the settled Serbs a set of privileges, primarily guaranteeing them freedom of religion. As a consequence, the
Serbia
Income tax levied against money-earning visitors
NHL lockout called for team owners to pay their players' privilege taxes. The Tennessee privilege tax was repealed in April 2014; the lead sponsor of the
Jock_tax
Class of software bugs
completely, and a variety of privileged actions can be executed this way (privilege escalation). In Unix, the following C code, when used in a setuid program
Time-of-check_to_time-of-use
2026 information security incident
newest models. The AI startup Hugging Face provides inference and cloud computing services for AI training and deployment. It operates a widely used repository
OpenAI rogue agent breach of Hugging Face
OpenAI_rogue_agent_breach_of_Hugging_Face
Lightweight programming language
allows fine-grained information hiding to enforce the principle of least privilege. In general, Lua strives to provide simple, flexible meta-features that
Lua
Ownership of creative expressions and processes
Computer Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing. CSCW '15. Vancouver, BC, Canada: Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 116–129. doi:10.1145/2675133
Intellectual_property
Computer operating system
Windows is grouped into families that cater to particular sectors of the computing industry – Windows for personal computers, Windows Server for servers
Microsoft_Windows
Computer hacking technique
In computing, SQL injection is a code injection technique used to attack data-driven applications, in which malicious SQL statements are inserted into
SQL_injection
Topics referred to by the same term
(programming language), a multi-paradigm programming language Current privilege level, of a task or program on x86 CPUs Cambodian Premier League, association
CPL
Early mechanical calculator
father's to compute taxes) the first calculator commercialized (with around twenty machines built) the first calculator to be patented (royal privilege of 1649)
Pascaline
Form of taxation in the United States
Security benefits or interest income from obligations of that state. In computing the deduction for depreciation, several states require different useful
State income tax in the United States
State_income_tax_in_the_United_States
Systems security model
validating device compliance prior to granting access, and ensuring least privilege access to only explicitly-authorized resources. Most modern corporate
Zero_trust_architecture
National policies of documents used to identify a person
by human rights groups and by the national authority and regulator on computing systems and databases, the Commission nationale de l'informatique et des
National identity document policies
National_identity_document_policies
2021 software security vulnerability
Zerologon (formally: CVE-2020-1472) is a privilege elevation vulnerability in Microsoft's authentication protocol Netlogon Remote Protocol (MS-NRPC),
Zerologon
they are officially accredited as diplomats and as such enjoy special privileges. Under diplomatic protection, they are able to look and listen unhindered
Timeline of the Snowden disclosures
Timeline_of_the_Snowden_disclosures
Computer safety concept
Capability-based security is a concept in the design of secure computing systems, one of the existing security models. A capability (known in some systems
Capability-based_security
be identified and authenticated before they can be assigned rights and privileges over resources in the network. A principal typically has an associated
Principal_(computer_security)
Computer software installed on multiple computing platforms
Within computing, cross-platform software (also called multi-platform software, platform-agnostic software, or platform-independent software) is computer
Cross-platform_software
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